Essays on Cervical Cancer

Module 1

Q 1. The pioneering works of Ellis and Kinsey played a significant role in transforming the beliefs and practices relating to sex in the contemporary society.

Ellis and Kinsey’s groundbreaking studies inspired other sexologists such as William Masters and Virginia Johnson.

Kinsey developed a comprehensive interviewing and coding system that ensured confidentiality, and accuracy. These parameters still govern the current studies sex research studies.

Ellis and Kinsey’s studies opened the topic of sexuality for debate and academic study

Q 5. Concerns to keep in mind when doing experimental sexual research as discussed in “Chapter 3-Sex Research” include the following; Extraneous factors such as race, culture, gender and age of the respondents. Ethical concerns: The sex research should conform to the policies established by the government and other relevant ...

The human papillomavirus is an infection that is sexually transmitted. This disease widespread with the men and women that are sexually very active and hence, they are exposed to this critical virus at some point in their life . The spread of this virus is common in the United States of America, where there are more than 14 million new cases of HPV every year. There are more than 40 viral strands of HPV that most commonly impact the genitals . This virus is passed through skin to skin contact during the intercourse or any other form of contact with the ...

Literature Review:

Factors and predictors of persistent lesion (positive hr-HPV DNA test or abnormal cytology) after treatment of high grade cervical intraepithelial Neoplasia with large loop excision of transformation zone (LLETZ) {Author Name} {Institution Affiliation}

Introduction

The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the primary factor that increases the risk of the cervical cancer development and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in the uterine cervix (Soderlund-Strand et al., 2014). Approximately 150 diverse types of HPV have been discovered, and most of them are carcinogenic. Persistent infections of high-risk HPV must lead to the development of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2 and 3), and ...

Article Review

Introduction Digital Mammography is one of the most innovative, remarkable and feasible methods for both diagnosis and evaluation of breast carcinoma. Based on a current research by the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP), the shift from conventional film based mammography to digital mammography has been associated with more life years gained (LYG) than film mammography (Van Ravesteyn, et al. 2015). In the current article, Bassett, Hoyt, & Oshiro (2010), have assessed and reviewed the quality evaluation criteria and process for digital mammography (DM). The key objective of Bassett, Hoyt, & Oshiro (2010), was to recognize potential quality ...

Introduction

The Institute of Medicine, U.S.A, identified global health problems as health concerns that transcend national boundaries. These health issues are influenced by environment prevailing in other nations. Thus, there is a need for cooperative action from countries across the globe to find solutions to these concerns. With the kind of high mobility seen today, an epidemic outbreak in Africa, can readily spread to rest of the globe, if measures to contain its spread are not taken on a global scale. Polio eradication, containment of influenza virus, policies to restrict tobacco use are examples of policies that were instituted to ...

Paper 2

Ontario’s HPV Vaccination Program In this paper, I present arguments that are supportive of the ethical inappropriateness of the Ontario government’s HPV vaccination initiative. I also aim at revealing the ineffectiveness of the program as a public health strategy constructed to combat cervical cancer. The program is ineffective in combating cervical cancer because the interventions arising from the screening program poses risks on women and especially the ones of childbearing age. In addition, I will use the utilitarian approach to support my views. In September 2007, the Ontario Liberal Government began a Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination ...

Cervix is also called the neck of the womb. Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer affecting women, after breast and ovarian cancer (Saslow et al., 2012). It progresses slowly over the years. Cervical cell dysplasia is an early signs of cervical cancer. Though, not all cervical cell dysplasia terminates in cancer, it is still an important screening tool. Pap smear can detect cervical dysplasia and enables treatment of the condition at an early stage, even before it progresses to cancer. While dysplasia is a non-malignant condition, cervical cancer is a malignant disease that originates from cervical cancer ...

Ontario’s HPV Vaccination Program

In this paper, I present arguments that are supportive of the ethical inappropriateness of the Ontario government’s HPV vaccination initiative. I also aim at revealing the ineffectiveness of the program as a public health strategy constructed to combat cervical cancer. In addition, I will use the utilitarian approach to support my views.

The Ontario HPV Program Overview

In September 2007, the Ontario Liberal Government began a Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination intervention for female eighth-graders (Thompson, 2013; CIHR- IPPH, 2012). The federal government made an allocation of $ 300 million towards the intervention. Gardasil, the HPV vaccine, targets four subtypes of the virus. These ...

Pap smear can save your life. Cervical cancer is curable if treated early.

Cervical Cancer:

-The third most common cancer in women, following breast and ovarian cancer. - Every year, more than 11,000 women in U.S develop cervical cancer. ("STD Facts - Human Papillomavirus (HPV)") - The tumor develops very gradually. - Malignant tumors are seen in the cervix and they can metastasize. -It is caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) -HPV associated primary tumor are reported in the cervix, vulva, vagina, penis, anus, back of the tongue and tonsils. -Sexually active men and women are at high risk of ...

HPV vaccination among adolescent girls in the UK

Marlow, L., 2011. HPV vaccination among ethnic minorities in the UK: knowledge, acceptability and attitudes. British Journal of Cancer, 105:486-492. The research involves the study on the uptake of childhood vaccination from various ethnical minorities in the UK. The research method includes qualitative and quantitative peer-reviewed journals and articles published between January 2000 to March 2010 from scholarly resources. Purposive sampling was used in order to determine the ideal proportion of the ethnic participants in the study. Ethnicity related variables were included in the study with consideration of the geographical location, country of birth, language spoken and the years ...

Efficacy of HPV Immunization Amongst Adolescent Girls Within UK

Introduction: Human papilloma virus is the most common sexual transmitted virus in the U.K. More than 4 types of HPV variants, is found to infect both men and women. Genital areas, mouth and throat are commonly affected by the virus. The virus can be transmitted by intercourse between same sex and straight sex partners. Very rarely, the disease is transmitted from the pregnant mother to the baby. The virus has the potential to cause cancer and presently there is no cure for HPV infection. Among HPV types: HPV16 and 18 are highly oncogenic. FDA approved HPV vaccines are available ...

In this essay, I will argue that the Ontario HPV vaccination program is ethically inappropriate and ineffective as a public health initiative aimed at combating cervical cancer. HPV vaccination in regards to cervical cancer reduction pales in comparison to other vaccination programs such as those that fight infectious diseases like polio, measles, smallpox, pertussis, and TB among others. As such, pro-vaccination arguments such as harm to others, harms and benefits, as well as best interests do not offer sufficient justification for the HPV vaccination initiative. Moreover, the critical consideration of issues such as social justice, adolescent sexuality, paternalism, and ...

Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in Teens- Ethical Debate

Background HPV or Human Papillomavirus is the causative organism of cervical cancer. This virus is primarily acquired sexually, when a person is in sexual contact with an infected person. Infection takes years to decades before appearing in the form of cervical cancer. It is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection in the United States (Balog, 2009). There is not much awareness of the HPV and the infection it causes. There are more than 100 types of HPV. The HPV types 16 and 18 cause 70 percent of cervical cancer (Navarro-Illana, Aznar & Diez-Domingo, 2014). 6 million US population is affected ...

Cigarette smoking in the smoking-free zone in the Washington State University is currently a major concern. Those using tobacco in the institution incorporate the faculty, students, and other individuals visiting the University (WSU, 2013). It implies that so many people are utilizing the facility, smoking area that ends up emitting too much smoke in the environment. The smoke is in turn inhaled by other students who are not active smokers. These students end up joining the smoking chain as passive smokers due to their exposure to the environmental tobacco smoke. Passive smoking happens involuntarily. In some cases, an individual ...

The study of infectious diseases has always been crucial to mankind because of the devastating effects it has had on the human race. The influenza epidemic, for example, occurred repeatedly in the 20 th and 21st century, spreading across large regions and multiple continents. Influenza in 1918 killed an estimated 50 million people world wide. This was higher than the amount of people that died in World War I. About 500,000 fatalities occurred in the US which was approximately 28% of the US population at that time. The number of deaths that took place in 1957 and 1968 ...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an infectious disease, and it is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections, and it is estimated that nearly all sexually active young men contract it at some point in their lives. Some types of HPV can cause problems to one's health that may even lead to cancer. A person can get HPV from having anal, vaginal or oral sex with a person who has the disease. However, the most common way of getting the disease is through vaginal or anal sex. It can be passed from one person to another even if the ...

Abstract

The medical profession in recent years has been on the forefront in making sure that the care given to patients is in line with the conventional methodologies of health care. Additionally, the care given to the patients must aim at improving the well-being of the patients without putting the lives of these patients in danger. Moreover, the care given apart from being scientifically sound, it has to be ethical and legal. However, other alternative techniques have proved to be useful in taking care of different ailments affecting patients. These complimentary methods not only aim at healing a patient but ...

Identify and describe a theory from nursing or from another discipline that provides the framework for your Evidence Based Practice proposal (Low income African Americans have higher risk for colorectal cancer). Explain your rationale for picking this theory. 

Statistics

For the modern civilized world, colorectal cancer is quite prevalent type of cancer and is the fourth largest among the others types of cancers. Every year in the global database 800 new cases of the disease are recorded, half of which are fatal. Interestingly, about 133 thousand of the victims are residents of the United States of America (American Canser Society, ...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) includes over 150 viruses that affect the skin and moist membranes lining the body. It can be transmitted through intimate skin contact and sexual intercourse (Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccines - National Cancer Institute, 2015). The epidemiologic triangle is a model developed to help study health problems. It helps develop an in-depth understanding of infectious diseases and how they spread. The triangle expresses a correlation between three aspects; agent, host, and the environment. In the context, an agent is defined as the cause of the disease, in this case, the Human Papilloma Virus. The host, on the ...

Abstract

Secondhand smoke contains many chemicals, including substances that can stimulate the development of cardiovascular diseases. Regular exposure to cigarette smoke put people at risk of developing various diseases including cardiovascular dysfunction. This is true even to non-smokers, due to the thousands of toxic chemicals found in tobacco smoke. Inhalation of these substances may lead to serious and life-threatening health concerns. Consequently, those who are exposed to secondhand smoke have a higher possibility of developing lung, nasal and other forms of cancer and heart diseases. The toxic substances upset the normal functioning of the heart and blood vessels which leads ...

Introduction

The negative impacts of smoking not only affect the direct smoker but also the person that inhale the smoke secondhand. A number of researches have linked various diseases with smoke from the direct smoker. A research conducted on the cardiovascular effects of secondhand smoke reported that the effects are closely as huge as smoking. It concluded that the secondhand smoke elevates the chances of developing coronary heart disease by an estimate of thirty percent. Barnoya & Glantz (2005) suggests that there is a relatively high risk to heart diseases and conditions associated with second hand smoking as compared the normal ...

Cancer of the cervix develops in the lower parts of the uterus due to the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), transmitted through sexual intercourse. Treatment involves Radiation therapy with chemotherapy or chemotherapy followed by surgery. However, the best treatment plan can be by stage of the disease, for the stage 0(carcinoma in situ) treatment may include laser surgery or conization, internal radiation therapy that best suits those who cannot undergo surgery and hysterectomy for those who no longer want to bear children. Total hysterectomy and conization work for Stage IA1 while radiation therapy and chemotherapy for stage IB and IIA. ...

Improving Female Preventive Health Care Delivery

Improving Female Preventive Health Care Delivery Screening programs for women aim to prevent disease such as cervical and breast cancer. However, such programs are only effective in bringing down the incidence of disease when utilized by the majority of women, most especially those from vulnerable subgroups. Program implementation must therefore consider effective strategies to promote utilization. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the factors that led to the failure of the Every Woman Matters program and compare with the factors that made two other prevention programs for women successful.

The Every Woman Matters (EWM) program is a ...

Cancer antigen 125 (CA125), which is encoded by MUC16, is the only biomarker currently used for immunohistochemical diagnosis of ovarian cancer (Tanyi and Scholler 1098). Literature suggests that 80% of the patients with ovarian cancer express CA125. The expression pattern is different among the different kinds of ovarian cancer; 85% in serous ovarian cancer, 12% in mucinous cancer and 40% in clear cell carcinoma (Tanyi and Scholler 1098; Kaspar and Crum 44), which helps in differential diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis among various types of ovarian cancer. There are five types of primary ovarian ...

Cervical cancer presentation to educate the population

It is important to understand firstly that this disease topic of the presentation is the second most common cause of cancer death among the women globally. As a result of this, it is of great importance to consider the development of new diagnostic methods, prognosis and newer treatment strategies that could help in achieving a decline in the incidence and prevalence of the condition. Despite the fact that there are surgical methods and chemoradiotherapy methods that can be aided to cure up to 80%-95% of women affected by the condition especially in the early stages, there are reports of increasing ...

Cancers of the reproductive system are life threatening and induce much suffering in patients. Women who receive screening services can reduce their chances of developing these cancers. Women who undergo screening can also benefit from early diagnosis and treatment that result in a better prognosis. However, not all cancer prevention programs targeting women are successful of which the Every Woman Matters Program is an example. Of those that are successful, there are common elements contributing to the increased service utilization of women targeted by these screening services.

The Every Woman Matters Program

The Every Woman Matters program is funded by the federal government but managed ...

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the members of Papillomavirus family. These viruses infected the stratified epithelium of the mucous membrane or the skin (Schiffman, et al, 2003, p.1). Statistics indicate that around 20 million people are currently living with HPV. More than 50% of the sexually active people are likely to get infected with HPV. Prevalence studies have found that around 6.2 million Americans get infected with the HPV every year (Battle, 2009, p. 374). In women it has been found that about 70.9% of all cervical cancers are caused by HPV (Type 16 and 18) alone. HPV ...

One of the major quality improvement goals is to improve the nation’s ability to prepare for, prevent, respond to and even recover from a major health incident. This goal is currently based on a set of national priorities set out by the National Health Security of the United States of America (NHSS). The NHSS targets at building community resilience as well as strengthen and sustain emergency health systems (healthypeople.gov). The NHSS has identified several objectives to improve preparedness in the offering of health services. These are development and maintenance of a workforce that can respond to national health security (Barr, 23). ...

Informed Consent in Scientific Testing

‘Instructor’s Name’ ‘Subject’ Informed consent is the process of getting the prior consent of the patient, before choices about his/her health care is made. This concept is based on the, rights a patient has on her body, and the ethical duty of the physician to inform the patient about the things happening to her body. The consent might be required both for performing a therapy for the ailment of the patient, or to make them participate in a clinical trial. An informed consent is said to have been obtained from a patient, when she is fully aware of the facts ...

In 2012, the USPSTF (United States Preventive Services Task Force) set up new guidelines for the nursing practitioners and other medical officers to follow in practice of cervical cancer screening. The screening helps most women in the early detection and cure of cervical cancer, which may accelerate and cause serious aggregate problems in the future. Women received the new regulations differently with most women interpreting the move to mean reduced frequency of pap smears and delayed first screening for cancer (Plescia, Richardson and Joseph, 2012). However, the implications of the recommendations mean reduced strain for women at average risk ...

- What is the Topic? The objective of this paper is to discuss a selected topic in the field of ethics. The selected topic to be discussed was the ethical validity of the principle that suggests that the good of many outweighs the good of one. This paper will revolve around this ethical dilemma and its applicability in Henrietta Lacks’ case, perhaps even in the case of her family. - How is Henrietta and her family involved? The bottom line that makes this paper relevant to the principle that suggests that the good of the many outweighs ...

A review of the article by Jankowska, et al., 2008, titled “Reduction of human chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit expression by modified U1 snRNA caused apoptosis in cervical cancer cells” Jankowska, et al in their article published in the journal “Molecular Cancer” demonstrate the expression of hCG-beta in cervical cancer and examine the functional significance of hCG- in-vitro cervical cancer cells by making use of modified U1snRNA to silence the mRNA of hCG-. Silencing of the maturation of mRNA by use of a novel silencing technique results in inhibition of growth and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Lipofectamine 2000 ...

Introduction

The governor of the state of Texas Rick Perry authorizes availability of the HPV vaccine that will be dispensed through the Texas Vaccines for Children program for suitable young girls up to 18 years of age. The health and Human Services Commission shall avail the vaccine to Medicaid-qualified young girls from age of 19 to 21.The rules concerning the administration of the vaccination program shall be based on the standards that the Health and Human Services Executive Commissioner uses during the admission to the sixth grade. The governor creates exclusive public awareness concerning the vaccine as he pushes the ...

Cervical cancer is among the leading causes of mortality in women. Cervical cancer was first mentioned by Hippocrates (Greece), he described the disease and found it incurable. With invention of colposcope by Dr Hinselmann in 1925, the doctors become able to examine the cervix and detect the early stages of cancer. Timely diagnostics allowed surgery interventions to be successful. In 1928, Georgios Papanikolaou improved cervical cancer diagnostics through enabling identification of cervical cells abnormalities. “Papanikolaou-smear” or “pap-smear”, based on liquid based cytology, after its inception (1943) became the widespread form of diagnostics of cervical cancer and preceeding abnormalities because ...

Literature Review

Obesity is associated with a higher risk of cancer death, specifically deaths caused by cervical cancer. According to Wee, Phillips, & McCarthy (2005), there are about 4000 deaths every year that are caused by cervical cancer leads despite the availability of outstanding screening tests that are available in the market to detect the disease. The article of Wee, et al., (2005) is important for the study since it will explain the fact that despite early stage detection screenings that were conducted, there is no guarantee that the preventive treatment will improve the survival of patients with cervical cancer (Wee, et al., ...

Discussion

Breast cancer continues to be the primary cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among women. Significant variation is observed in breast cancer survival rates from one geographic area to another (Jemal et al., 2010, Curado, 2011). Interestingly, while the Middle East, along with sub-Saharan Africa and Asian countries have the lowest rates of breast cancer in the world, the incidence has been rapidly increasing over the last twenty years, as it has been with other cancers (Amoori et al., 2014). Some of the factors that play a role in early detection include improved screening practices and education (Curado, 2011). .In ...

Relationships are hard. The divorce rate skyrockets yearly, alternative lifestyles such as gay marriage and polygamy/polygyny are under attack and more and more women are becoming single mothers. The work that goes into developing a long term, meaningful relationship necessitates that the relationship begins on a foundation of honest communication, and acceptance. Without these two selfless traits along with a willingness to struggle in the name of achieving a mutual goal, a relationship cannot work. Because we live in a society that does not value abstinence, the likelihood of contracting some type of STD/STI while engaging in unprotected sex is very high. “By the time ...

When gender and race are combined in the life of a black woman, they result to racism, objectification, and sexism from medical professionals. A combination of these factors seems negatively to affect black women. In a critical response to Rebecca Skloot’s book “The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks” this essay presents the case for women and gender for black women.

Science is used to construct both gender, sex and race

The case of Henrietta is introduced when she dies of cervical cancer in hospital. At 31, Henrietta was poor and could not afford to undergo the required procedure to heal her. However, the irony of her story is that her ...

Immunohistochemistry

Introduction The Human Papilloma virus (HPV) is an extremely common group of viruses that are found worldwide. There are more than 100 types of HPV worldwide. 13 types of HPV are associated with cancer. They are also termed as high risk type. (WHO, 2013). HPV is transmitted through sexual contact. More than 90% of cases are infected shortly after sexual activity. Cervical cancer is associated with HPV infection that are acquired through sexual contact. 70% of cervical cancer cases are caused by two types of HPV. HPV 16 and HPV 18 are the two strains associated with cervical ...

Improving Female Preventive Healthcare Delivery through Practice Change

The screening levels relating to breast and also cervical cancer in Nebraska’s primary care is still suboptimal even though there is awareness of their benefits besides the implementation of a programme dubbed every woman matters that is federally funded with the aim of assisting women of low income. The programme is modeled towards reducing barriers of cervical together with breast cancer screening through raising awareness relating to the risks as well as ensuring that screening is affordable to low income earning women. Over several decades, it is evident that there has been no significant progress towards the improvement of ...

Abstract

The purpose of this discussion is to determine the relationship between human papillomavirus type 16 and the incidence of cervical cancer in adult women. As such, prevalence and distribution of cervical cancer will be discussed, as will the current literature regarding the correlation between and potential causative effects of human papillomavirus type 16 on cervical cancer. Some of the studies examined in this discussion focus almost entirely on specific populations, but this discussion will focus on a more global, universal approach to the correlation between HPV-16 and cervical cancer. The literature reviewed in this discussion focuses primarily on discoveries and ...

Abstract

The ensuing paper looks at cervical cancer in the state of Wisconsin. Cancer of the female sexual reproductive organs is a serious problem in the United States, and Wisconsin has not been spared the grim scourge. The pages below will reveal some striking trends. First of all, it shows that Wisconsin, while it may make up a small or modest proportion of all cancer-related deaths in the union, does appear to have a difficult time stopping new cases of cancer – notably, uterine corpus cancer – from emerging. This suggests that somewhere along the line – be it because of lifestyle choices, drinking water, or ...

Nurses must uphold patient confidentiality at all times except in cases when withholding protected information would result in the patient’s death or cause severe harm to other people. The patient’s welfare is the priority of health care providers. Nurses are mandated by their Professional Code of Ethics to provide the highest standards of health care service. Their work entails immediate and direct contact with patients and they are expected to protect patients’ rights. Since their job entails access to and collection of sensitive personal information, a nurse “holds in confidence personal information and uses judgment in sharing this ...

Introduction

Cancer screening according to Lawrence and Julie (2013) aims at detecting cancer way before symptoms appear. Klervi et al. (2013) state that screening may involve urine tests, blood tests, among other tests including medical imaging. Notably, benefits of screening on cancer prevention, early cancer detection and subsequent treatment must offset any harm. The concept of practices in Every Woman Matters Program is a unique organizational system. Arguably, screening tests should be effective, well tolerated, and safe with reasonably low rates of false positive and negative results. Ones a signs of cancer are detected, invasive and definitive follow up tests are done ...

Introduction

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is from the papillomavirus family which infects the cells in the skin or the mucous membrane. HPV is a non-enveloped double stranded virus which carries its genetic code from early (E1-E7) and late (L1-L2) proteins. The early proteins promote viral replication while late proteins are responsible for structural support or capsids of proteins. Two viral oncogenes together with the non-structural early proteins (E6-E7) were associated to the transformation of the tumor from benign to malignant stage. The aforementioned proteins influence carcinogenesis by promoting both the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p53 proteins. These proteins regulate cell growth and ...

Introduction

A community is a group of people who live in one place and also share characteristics. A group of people who form community may either be living in the same neighborhood, city or even town. Members of the community may have a common interest, come from the same race or even share the religion. The fact that people have common interests makes them appreciate one another as members of the same community (Garcés and Martin, 2009). Since the community is made up of people who have a common interest and come from the same geographical region, it is important for the ...

Introduction

In multicellular organisms, the cell divisions occur under the control of strict control of internal and external signals. However, cancer involves an uncontrolled growth of cells. The branch of medicine that deals with the study of cancer and tumors is known as oncology. A tumor is an abnormal mass of cells that may be benign or malignant. Benign tumors do not spread to other parts of the body while, malignant tumors can spread from the original site known as the primary site to other organs establishing secondary tumors. According to their tissue of origin, cancers are classified as ...

The book “The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks” is work by Rebecca Skloot and accounts for the life of an African-American woman with the name Henrietta Lacks. The story is not fictional in any way and accounts for actual events that took place. Henrietta had cervical cancer. She was at the Hopkins Hospital as it was the only hospital during her time that could treat people of color. During the tests, doctors discovered that the cells had the unusual ability to stay alive, grow and even regenerate. Consequently, doctor harvested her cells and used to them create a line of ...

‘Instructor’s Name’

The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks ‘The immortal life of Henrietta Lacks’ written by Rebecca Skloot is a heartwarming story of an African American woman, whose cells have contributed immensely to medical science. Henrietta was suffering from cervical cancer and while undergoing treatment for this ailment, some cells from her body were extracted and used for medical experiments. These cells were named ‘HeLa’ cells and they went on to become the source of many important discoveries in the medical field. Many pharmaceutical companies reaped millions of profit from the researches based on these cells, and there are over seventeen ...

Global Health is an International lobby group that advocates for quality health for all human beings, driven by the goal “Quality Health, Quality People “the group advocates for the health rights for all people. Human health needs to be given the first priority by any government or leader since it determines the destiny of a nation. A nation that ignores human health, fails to invest in the people. Cancer is one of the leading killer diseases in the world, however there are measures that can be put into place to reduce the death rates associated with the disease. For ...

Identification of population (Canada-Women population)

Health issues related to this population Policies/ laws positively/ negatively affecting population Historically, what has nursing organizations done to advocate for this population? Influence of Affordable Care Act on this population? As a nursing advocate for this population, explain what is your specific main concern that you feel our health policies should address with this population that is presently lacking? Identify a government politician with their address who you could write to advocate for this group. What office do they hold? Why is this politician a good choice for this population? Compose a letter to that government ...

Abstract

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted virus that can cause cervical cancer. Despite the potentially deadly effects of the virus, there is very low awareness of HPV and its link to cervical cancer across the globe. Efforts to increase awareness of HPV and cervical cancer need to be implemented. In particular, a campaign should be launched to educate young women on the link between HPV and cervical cancer. Methods that could be used include asking all public health centers in the United States to increase awareness of HPV and educate their young female patients on HPV and HPV vaccinations. ...

The term info-ethics is used to describe the application of ethical principles in information and telecommunication technologies. However, in eHealth applications, the application of ethics needs to take in account cultural factors in account as well. Because one of the reasons for implementing eHealth is to improve healthcare delivery in rural areas and underdeveloped countries, cultural differences and socioeconomic factors may impact the communication with patients and the application of those technologies. In a project designed to implement telemedicine in Botswana, Quinley (2010) discusses the implications of cervical cancer diagnostics using mobile-Health (mHealth) technology. With the implementation of ClickDiagnositics ...

Management Organizations: Managing Healthcare in Multicultural Organizations

Introduction The provision of quality healthcare is an integral part in the management of all progressive societies. The existence of multicultural societies presents a big challenge in the provision of equitable healthcare. Culture is a complex aspect of life which incorporates language, sexual orientation, socio/professional status, gender, socio/economic status, race among other factors. These cultural aspects are intertwined with healthcare needs such as varied prevalence of certain diseases among certain cultures and cultural influences on dieting and nutrition among others (Muller & Haase, 1994). Healthcare management theories which healthcare managers can apply in the management of multicultural healthcare are attribution theory, ...

There are several ways in promoting the positive behaviors. One should have a solid ground of the support team that can guide them all throughout such as families, friends, and social groups. Aside from those, these healthcare programs such as Every Woman Matters Program, Black Corals' Project, and National Breast & Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program are also great help, to promote the positive behavior. Since, they are most expose to cancer incidence, so they come up with different techniques to motivate an individual. Providing supports that can certainly affect the behavior such as self-efficacy, social support, and problem-solving. But before ...

Gardasil is a vaccine manufactured by Merck Inc. It was invented by Eliav Barr, Barry Buckland and Dr. Kathrin Jansen who worked on the vaccine from the Merck Research Laboratories. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2006 as suitable in the prevention of cervical cancer in women. In particular the vaccine has been proven to protect women against four types (types 6, 11, 16 and 18) of Human papillomavirus (HPV) (Kathrin, Barry & Eliav, 2012). Among girls, two types of HPV cause more than 75% of cervical, vaginal cancers and two others cause more than 90% ...

Abstract

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is among the most common virus diseases in the world. The virus is spread through direct contact of the skin. Even though there are over 100 kinds of the virus affecting different body parts, it is the kind that affects the human genitals that is most common. The infection affects people of all ages. Human Papilloma virus is also said to be the greatest cause of cervical cancer in women. Cervical cancer is the second largest killer cancer in the world. This type of cancer affects mostly women above 40 years of age. The spread ...

Sexually transmitted disease (STD) has evolved from vulnerable diseases (VD) to sexually transmitted infection (STI) and now STD. it is known as a disease which results from viral, bacterial and all those infections that are acquired through sexual contact. Women of all socio economic backgrounds can acquire sexually transmitted disease. These infections occur in men and women, but women are more at risk of acquiring them. The reason why the prevalence is more in women is partly due to the fact they are asymptomatic in women. This implies that the transmission rates are very high in women and they are ...

Sexually transmitted diseases are actually becoming more prevalent among more various demographics of people. Most, especially the young, are under the impression that they are immune or at least so far away from an infected person that this could never happen to them. Meanwhile the rate of new cases of sexually transmitted diseases is on the rise. One demographic in particular that suffers from sexually transmitted infections is women. In fact, women are three times more likely to get a positive diagnosis on Chlamydia than men. This fact and others have raised the issue of sexually transmitted diseases in ...

Introduction

Body cells normally grow, divide, and die in a systematic manner. During adulthood, most cells divide to repair injuries or to replace the dying (worn-out) cells. Some cells, however, grow out of control. These cells are referred to as the cancer cells. Instead of dying, the cancer cells grow out of control (abnormally) and form new abnormal cells. Besides, the cancer cells can invade normal tissues. In most cases, the cancer cells form a mass of body cells that are malignant and have no physiological function, usually called the tumors. When they get into the blood stream or the lymph vessels, ...