Essays on Condensation

Abstract

The separation processes in industry are a common practice especially in the developed countries as well as in the developing world. As a result, it is a good step to improve the separation techniques to ensure a better process for the production of the finished commodities. The classification of the distillation columns and the packed bed columns together with an analysis of their ability to perform efficiently in the industry is vital. Therefore, the paper entails an analysis of each group of distillation columns, taking into account their ability to carry out their duties, as well as the reason ...

Introduction

The cost of manufacturing ammonia using the Haber process plant constitutes the following components: the cost of energy, raw materials, equipment, labor and sparking substances (catalysts). Energy (gas or electricity) costs are incurred to maintain the temperature of the reaction. The Harber process is operated at very high temperatures, and pressures thus higher costs of energy are incurred. Some of the raw materials consumed in the Haber process such as nitrogen and hydrogen are recovered at the end of the process. The recovered materials are recycled back to the system to reduce the cost of raw materials. Starting and ...

The crash of Air France 447 is considered the biggest disaster ever to hit Air France and Airbus since the beginning of their venture into this industry. All of the 228 passengers and crew of the flight were killed in this accident (Palmer, 2013). Due to the delay in the recovery of the black box from the ocean bed, the investigations and final report, published by BEA, took nearly three years for completion (Jonathan, 2011). The final investigation revealed that the accident occurred due to the inconsistent data indicated by the FMC (Flight Management Computer System) regarding the fluid ...

It is evident, and all would agree, that the house should be strong, durable, built quickly and at a relatively inexpensive cost. In most cases, disputes begin on the choice of building materials. Which would be stronger, thermal insulated, warmer – wood, brick, concrete, or polymer-based materials? Which of them are considered environmentally friendly and which are not? Until recently, metal, steel in particular was not part of the discussion on the material for the construction of the frame of an individual house. However, the development of energy-efficient technology, the translucent structures based on steel beams are built today even ...

Introduction

At times, industries require the temperatures to be kept below the ambient for some processes to be effective. To do so, they must design ways to eliminate the excess heat generated by machines and introduce an artificial room temperature lower than the ambient. They must effectively eliminate temperatures above the ambient. A refrigerator is thus required in these operations. This refers to a device that can maintain the temperature below the ambient. The primary objective of a refrigeration process is to lower the temperature through heat removal. Since its invention, refrigeration has seen used in many industrial and household ...

Roofing Ventilation

The need for ventilation in roofs and attics became apparent after it was observed that moisture inside attics, caused by the phenomenon of condensation, was deteriorating a large portion of the roofing materials and in extreme cases the insulation of the ceiling. Adding to this grief, wet attics became the breeding place for a variety of fungi and moulds . From then, wet attics had become the nightmare of many house owners. If roofing ventilations were a fancy contraption in the early days, in the modern world they are an integral part of any roofing solution. And gladly, there are ...

Introduction

The fundamental process of thermal power plants is based on the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy and, subsequently, into electric power, using steam as the working fluid. According to the U.S. Energy Information System, over 67% of the electrical energy in the United States is generated through thermoelectric power plants, which use the combustion of fossil fuels such as natural gas, coal and petroleum to generate the steam necessary for the process; moreover, thermoelectric power generation accounts for an approximate 80% of all the power generation worldwide. Thus, the electricity consumed in most homes and industries is ...

Water is very important for the wellbeing and survival of mankind. Drinking water enables a person to have good health. Some of the benefits of drinking water include creating balance in the fluids contained within the body; controlling calories; energizing muscles; making the skin look good; helping the kidneys cleanse the body; and maintaining a good bowel movement (Zelman 1). I drink water on a daily basis because I believe it has a positive impact on my health. Safe drinking water goes through a lot of processes and stages before it reaches the consumer. Water is a very special ...

Victor Turner’s “planes of classification in a ritual of life and death” is an analysis of the ritual and symbols among the Ndembu people of Northwestern Zambia. In the article, he describes Isoma- a ritual about female reproduction to expel bad spirits such as the death of infants. The multi-vocal quality of Ndembu symbols contributes to the ritual efficacy in their cultural context. The use of symbols among the Ndembu is extensive. Turner notes that the symbols are the "basic building blocks, “the molecules” of ritual” (Turner 14). The Ndembu use symbols to elaborate on three main areas; ...

Abstract

The following summary discusses the cooling techniques of atomic vapor in several different ways. Additionally, it tends to relate the evolution of experiments that are used in studying shallow layered fluids. Starting with the atomic condensates, the method is known as trapping. However, it exists in many ways from the laser system to the Bose-Einstein methods. The methods of cooling are different due to the evolutionary progress made by science. The use of laser beams includes the study of light forces on atoms which lead to either an absorption or emission of a photon. While the contraction of matter ...