Essays on Corrections

No school operates without a curriculum. Fundamentally, aA curriculum is an essential part of the education system (Bradford, Kenneth, & Helen, 2017). A well-set curriculum contributes enormously to a good education. Additionally, it eases the learning process for the teachers and the learners. However, various schools have various curriculums set by various people in diverse ways. Nevertheless, quality education remains the core purpose of all the curriculums in education institutions (Armstrong, 2006). This paper is oriented towards comparing curriculums of different states, districts, and schools to the research of the best practice. Most successful schools are those that comply with ...

Errors involved in digital image capturing and processing can either be systematic or random. Systematic errors are classified into geometric distortions, spectral errors and distortions. Geometric distortions are caused by sensor-Earth geometric variations which affects the position of a pixel relative to other pixels,. In digital images, the pixel position is compared to the other pixels in the scene and the absolute position of the pixel relative to real coordinates in latitudes and longitudes. Geometric distortions can render the image and the information expected to be derived from the image as useless,. This is because the image is sometimes ...

Interview Questions: A Critical Review

Interview Questions: A Critical Review According to Agyei and Christopher (2016), “getting the right people in the right place at the time doing the right job is an essential element of recruitment and selection process in organizations”. Therefore, it is important for managers to design selection strategies and interview questions thoughtfully. This paper contains the review and assessment of the interview questions used by Southwood School District for their recruitment process. It further lists suggestions and corrections that can be opted for the future interview processes. Though the school improved a lot from its previous method of selection by ...

a) In bigger police headquarters wrongdoing scene examination is finished by a wrongdoing scene specialist, officers are first on scene responders and secure the wrongdoing scene, and they take notes in light of their quick discoveries. For this situation I have checked on the wrongdoing scene hones for an examination. In my readings I found that computerized photography is an imperative part of the documentation of a wrongdoing scene. In this way Photography is an important method for gathering impression confirm, shoeprints for instance, for later examination. Impressions for the shoeprints and the imprint, might be lifted utilizing different ...

Introduction

The security of correctional staff is one of the greatest challenges facing the U.S. prison department due to the risks present in such settings. The safety of the officers on duty can be improved using the relevant technologies and systems as they make them flexible and their work easier. This essay examines the security issues affecting corrections human resources and proposes the Internet Protocol (IP) video surveillance system as one of the best strategies that can be used by prison administrators to deal with such threats.

Security of Correctional Officers

According to the research that was conducted by the Sentencing Project (2015), over ...

An application of information about ocular detail and ophthalmic appliances in forensic discipline greatly depends on the correct choice of methods, their rational combination, and knowledge of forensic identification basics. It should be remembered that specific details of an identified object are of particular importance in a forensic discipline. This work reviews strengths and weaknesses of an article on the practical application of information about ocular detail and ophthalmic appliances and aims to provide fact checking. Bertolli, Berg, and Pannone (2012) wrote an article named Ocular detail and ophthalmic appliances as a potential aid in forensic identification. The key ...

Introduction

Aging and elderly offenders are a growing demographic within the correctional management system of justice. The increased proportion of prison inmates over the age of 50 is a significant trend that has taxed the system in both economic and sociological ways. Elderly criminal offenders have different requirements than younger inmates, as many studies on gerontology have demonstrated. Among these requirements, the medical health needs of inmates who are declining physically is a prominent concern. Psychological and social factors also assume more significance in the elderly population, whether they are first-time offenders or have been imprisoned for decades. As the ...

One of the peculiar aspects of criminal law is the ability to essentially increase, or decrease, depending on the particular factors of a case, the punishment that an offender would normally expect to have imposed after a conviction (Justia, 2016). These circumstances, which are formally known in criminal law as aggravating and mitigation circumstances, are often used to take into account important aspects of the case that may not have been properly addressed during the trial or plea negotiations. Aggravating and mitigating circumstances are normally applied under the discretion of the sentencing judge; however, for some crimes they might ...

Nuestra Familia is an American-Mexican organization of criminals operating both in an outside prison and they originate in California. The prison gang carries out thousands of criminal activities in California. Some of the criminal activities that assist them to earn income include distribution of drugs such as heroin, Methamphetamine, cocaine and marijuana both in prisons and community. The gang came into existence in 1968 as a separation of California state prison system. During this time, the system separated into two gangs namely Nuestra Familia and Mexican Mafia the two gangs were and still are enemies (Morales n.p). The gang ...

International Human Rights Law and Prisons in Africa

Term Paper 4500 words

Introduction

The International Centre for Prison Studies’ World Prison Brief, in its report suggested that over 10 million individuals are formally incarcerated in prison and correctional facilities around the world. According to the same Brief, even more are held in either military facilities where they are detained or in security or police facilities without any specific legal process underway. There are three categories that the United States’ (U.S). Government has for humanitarian and human rights concerns as they relate to these individuals who are housed in a detention facility that is; 1. unsafe in terms of ...

Tends in Institutional and Community-based Corrections

Institutional and community-based corrections have undergone significant changes over the last few decades. The changes are attributed to the increased growth in prison population, concerns over public safety, and the need to cut the cost of incarceration. Traditionally, people believed that all crimes should be punished. Therefore prisoners were facing corporal punishments and criminals were mainly taken to prisons for punishment. However, between the 1960s and 1990s, justice system introduced rehabilitation and reintegration systems, especially due to rapid population growth in prisons across the globe (Mackenzie, 2001). Community-based programs launched in the same period. Early release programs are the ...

According to Mackenzie (2002) about five million or more individuals are under criminal justice system supervision and authority in the United States of America. Close to 1.6 million are housed in local, state or federal correctional facilities. An estimated 70% of these individuals are supervised in either probation or parole, which are forms of community corrections. The suggestion here is that a large part of the correctional population at any one point is under the supervision of corrections in the United States (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1997). About 3.8 individuals both men and women are in community parole and ...

There are several differences between probation and parole and this paper goes into detail to discuss the differences between these two and to give examples of each. According to Latessa and Smith (2015, p. 42), “probation represents one of the unique developments within the criminal justice system” and goes on to define probation as “a conditional sentence that avoids an offender being incarcerated; in other words, it is an alternative disposition available to the court.” Similarly, Petersilia (1997, p. 149) notes that The American Correctional Association defines parole as “a court-ordered dispositional alternative through which an adjudicated offender is ...

The goals of retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, rehabilitation, and restoration are all primary goals of those within the criminal justice system. In sentencing individuals charged with specific criminal actions the philosophic principles that such decisions are based upon should be considered. Through the use of methods such as fines, probation, imprisonment, and death the criminal justice system has utilized a variety of measures in order to more effectively enact justice. These measures have, furthermore, been broadly adopted in relation to the financial, social, and international context that the criminal system was established within. Concerns such as the impact that these ...

Several factors have led to the rapid changes in sentencing structures in the United States. According to Latessa and Smith: “Following a very long period of relative inactivity (1930-1974), American sentencing laws and practices began to undergo rapid change, a fundamental restructuring of the sentencing process” (2015, p. 19). This is supported by Phelps (2011, p. 33), who argued that “Scholars of mass incarceration point to the 1970s as a pivotal turning point in US penal history, marked by a shift towards more punitive policies and a consensus that ‘nothing works’ in rehabilitating inmates.” Four main factors have been ...

[Your instructor's name] [The course] [The date]

Prison gang is different from a street gang in that its primary aim is to secure the prisoners from being hurt by other prisoners or by the wardens (Voeten, 2013, n. p.). However, as the history shows, the prison gangs have altered their original targets and now they are getting control over the system of law outside the prison. The most threatening of all prison gangs is the Mexican Mafia, also called La Eme (the Spanish letter "m") (Valdemar, 2010, n. p.), which appeared in the 1950s (Morales, 2008, n. p.). What ...

California in 1851 initiated its first correctional institutions that were run by the state. CDCR’s history can be fully traced to 1912 when it was called California State Detentions Bureau(California Department of Correction & Rehabilitation, n.d.”). Then in 1951 the name changed to California Department of Corrections, and then in 2004 changed its name to California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) (California Department of Correction & Rehabilitation, n.d.”). Currently the CDCR is managed by Secretary Scott Kernan and Ralph M. Diaz who is the Undersecretary (“CDCR Executive Staff, n.d.”). The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) is ...

Harvest Time! is an activity that teaches addition and subtraction to preschool children aged four to five years old. In this fifteen-minute activity, 15 students will be divided into three smaller groups. Harvest Time! aims to help students 1) recognize simple word problems on addition and subtraction of harvested produce, 2) perform addition of harvested produce as per instruction of the educational story game, and 3) perform subtractions of harvested produce as per instruction of the educational story game. The materials for this activity includes drawings of various fruits and vegetables, Velcro tape and fabric board, and a big ...

The rates of suicides have gone higher in the local prisons and are attributed to the leading cause of deaths to the serving inmates. A report released by the Bureau of Justice Statistics indicates that up to 34% of deaths witnessed in the local USA prisons are self-inflicted. Indeed, this is a significantly higher rate considering that prisons are correctional facilities that work towards behavioral change than to cause fatalities (Tartaro, & Lester, 2010). In yet another indication, BJS statistics reveal that the death toll out of self-inflicted deaths is on the rising spree, and is expected to increase shortly. ...

Discretion is the basic right to act in relation to one’s own judgment. This is an essential aspect of criminal justice. Within the criminal justice system, those who have any form of authority, including police officers, court officials, and probation officers, are given a level of discretion in order to utilize their ability to process those who have broken the law. Beginning with the police, who are given the discretion to make arrests, an individual is then given to the discretion of the court system, and the scrutiny of judge and public attorney. After this, a person might ...

Reference 1

Lambert, E. G., Minor, K. I., Gordon, J., Wells, J. B., and Hogan, N. L. (2016). Exploring the Correlates of Perceived Job Dangerousness Among Correctional Staff at a Maximum Security Prison. Criminal Justice Policy Review. 00 (0). DOI: 10.1177/0887403415623618. The signs of mental health disorders do not reveal themselves at work most of the time. Only in rare and isolated instances, will the potency of the problems manifest. In addition, the other correctional officers and staff might not have adequate knowledge to corroborate evidence. Hence, this peer-reviewed paper will provide the parameters for testing. The variables, components, variances, and ...

1. Define the ways in which each component (police, courts, and corrections) of the criminal justice system administers justice. Which component is most effective at meeting their goals? Police play the role of working with the public in order to enforce legal requirements and protect the privacy and liberty of individuals. In order to do this, however, police rely on the underlying cultural values and norms of the communities in which they function. Police interact with the public in order to ascertain those that are committing offenses and present these individuals to the criminal justice system for sentencing of ...

Abstract

The study uses the Posner paradigm to determine whether the condition of the cue can affect the reaction time of the subject. Most importantly is that the eye movement was prohibited. Using the data of 143 subjects, the ANOVA method and Bonferroni corrections, we have found out that the condition does influence the reaction time, however the difference between the cues is not significant Nonetheless the reaction time was far off from the target 100 ms due to inexperience and not understanding of the task set before the subjects. The results of the study have shown us two processes ...

Annotated Bibliography

Introduction The correctional system in the United States is a complex and overcrowded problem in recent times. The staff in these facilities is often undertrained and overworked. They lack the professional experience and due to heavy attrition rates, are unable to operate any reliable mentoring programs. This gap increases the stress which exceeds the paradigm of work and invades the private lives of the correctional staff. This paper unlocks the psychological problems that fester correctional staff in the United States. Annotated Bibliography 1. Lambert, E. G., Minor, K. I., Gordon, J., Wells, J. B., and Hogan, N. L. (2016). ...

Homework 1 – Lesson 16

Test Objective Test Scenarios/Set-up In the lab test, the SRAW will be fired 30 separate times, with variables set at constants. Each test will be evaluated on a yes/no scale for missile launch, missile arm and target hit. In field test, with SRAW being fired 30 separate times. There will be variables within the criteria of target range, target course, and target speed. Each test will be evaluated on a yes/no scale for missile launch, missile arm and target hit.

A successful test will be defined as a positive missile launch and target hit being at a distance of ...

In looking at four major issues in community-based corrections and the problems associated with them it is evident that basic legal and financial restraints as well as the involvement of both the local community and government are necessary factors to consider. These factors include a clear definition and statement of goals for the program, clear selection of a target population, the procurement and management of funding and other resources, and the overall engagement that can be elicited from the local communities. These factors demonstrate basic elements that profoundly influence the success or failure of these programs. In assessing these ...

Literature Review

The paper reviews the existing literature on the efficacy of incarcerating criminals in prisons and the associated expenses that the government incurs to jail them and maintain the prisons. According to Gilgan (2015), the expenses, which are substantial, are funded by the taxes collected from the citizens. His opinion is that a prison sentence for every criminal is neither rational nor an economically viable solution for the U.S. Government. The crucial question that the paper will explore is whether using tax dollars to imprison criminals is the ideal way to utilize the money gathered, and how might they be ...

1. When Kyle is mad, he spits at other students in the class. This sentence is an explanatory fiction because the first clause “Kyle is mad,” does not show causality with respect to spitting at other students. The statement is fictional because spitting is a type of anger. Thus, the statement re-states “effect” as “cause”. Moreover, the statement does not specify what makes Kyle mad in the first place. 2. Brad gets anxious in class because he has OCD. This sentence is an explanatory fiction because it simply states a symptom of OCD, anxiety. Such a statement is causal, ...

In the criminal justice department, courts system can best be defined as the system that is responsible for the application as well as interpretation of the law in addition to providing a dispute resolution mechanism. Through courts systems, justice is easily administered in a given state. The courts system are very essential in criminal justice as they ensure the law is adhered to in all situations and most important is that they ensure justice is carried out and avoid law breaking (Durant, 2015). The courts system is also highly responsible in the punishing of law breakers and offenders. There ...

Ex-offenders are largely stigmatized in almost every society. They are looked down upon even after completing their sentence and trying to return back to a normal life. The reason why this happens is because people are adamant on believing that a person who once commits a crime can never redeem their former selves and become sincere members of society like the rest of the people. Moreover, others fear that they cannot be trusted as they will redo their crime if they get the chance. This makes them avoid ex-offenders, and this discrimination persists for quite some time which makes ...

Introduction

Alternative sentencing makes way for committers of minor crimes and those with no criminal records to transform and comply with varied ethical standards as laid out by the state. With enhanced supervision as an alternative to incarceration, court administrators are involved in monitoring activities such as substance abuse treatment, random drug testing and community services performed by the offenders. The probation officers have to work closely with the Office of Community Corrections to ensure that the benchmarks set by the judges are met and that the offenders are able to contribute to long term growth and stability of the ...

1) What is the importance of Geodesy for Surveying? Why do you think that Geomatics

Should students know about Geodesy? Discuss

Geology enables the determination of the alignment of land, including the position, territories, portion and shape through the application of theodolites, land data systems or other geodetic survey tools. Also, it is through geology that resulted in the creation of the GPS (Geo Information Satellite) systems which as a result has resulted in the optimal exploration of space and regionally associated information. Besides, geodesy for surveying, aids in the assessing the quality of control information to regulate the necessity for extra survey information for ...

Prison Funding vs. Education Funding

Introduction There is an increase in budget allocation in the prisons compared education spending. Both correction and education are vital for any state or country. It would be very hard for a country to survive without expenditure in prisons. As well, education is an essential need and speeds up the development of any country and therefore it is inevitable to survive without spending in schools. However, the budgets should be balanced. The will be achieved through mitigating the cases to reduce the criminals of the community. It will be a good step because the funds, which would otherwise be ...

Introduction

The restoration of the Sistine Chapel, perhaps one of the most famous examples of western art by Michelangelo began in 1965 as an initiative by Deoclecio Redig de Campos, who would later become the Vatican Museums’ general director in 1971. The scientific aspects arising in this project would be handled by Fabrizio Mancinelli as well as Gianluigi Colalucci, Maurizio Rossi, Bruno Baratti and Giorgio Bonetti master restorers. The cleaning of these frescoes would include only the depictions of the scenes with Jesus and Moses in the fifteenth-century paintings. At this time, the two 16th century frescoes located at the ...

The primary role of a district attorney in regards to community corrections is in whether or not it is will be part of a plea bargain agreement or, in the alternative, a sentence recommendation. For instance, a district attorney may agree to community correction provision in a plea bargain agreement, if the alleged criminal act was not serious or when the more effective action to resolving the case does not require incarceration. In such a circumstance, the district attorney could either recommend community corrections own their own volition or agree to a suggestion provided by defense counsel. Even in ...

Mental Illness Among Criminals

The prison systems have been over populated by many criminals in our country. The increasing rate of prisoners who have been diagnosed with mental illness is increasing. Many criminals have either been diagnosed with mental illness before being arrested and put into prison or they were diagnosed with mental issues after being incarcerated. The inmates with mental illness while committing crimes may have done so because of their illness. The people who were incarcerated and then diagnosed could have had mental problems because of the prisons system they are now living in. It can cause inmates to become depressed, ...

On the Criminal Justice System of any country lies great responsibilities for the general well-being of the country itself and for the citizens. Without a well-organized Criminal Justice System, the world would be in criminal chaos.

Definition of Crime

The study of Criminal Justice System has certainly to begin with the definition of crime. Criminal lawyers have been disputing over it for years and still there is no consensus as to the only, profound and unified definition of crime. Surely, crime is an offence, with which criminal law deals. One more certainty is that criminal courts operate the notions of crime (Farmer, ...

Criminal Justice Setting: Federal Corrections

Role: Social Worker providing Case Management Services Of the 114 federal prisons existing today, 27 are for females. The average age of the female inmate is 28. 66% of female inmates are white. 18% of female inmates are not citizens of the United States. 28% of female inmates are Latino, and 29% are black. Women in prison serve an average of 78 months. There are currently 13,033 female inmates in federal prison and they include 6.7 % of the federal prison population. Most of these women in federal prison are poor, single mothers who are undereducated and unskilled. Every ...

Reduction of crime is the dream of any criminal justice system. In the era where the rate of crime has significantly increased due to the use of sophisticated weapons and technology, there is an increasing necessity for the government and other stakeholders to ensure that such crimes are minimized. Having strict punishment mechanisms is one of the strategies geared towards the reduction of crimes. In Canada, this approach is the most common. Its proponents give a two-fold argument about its role in reducing crime. First, they argue that the offender is ‘locked behind bars’, hence temporarily separated from the ...

The

ABSTRACT The underage offenders can not be treated as adult criminals. Children have more chances to change. A special court system for juveniles has created a service-delivery system that provides minors with education, guidance, and supervision. The courts for juveniles also differ from the ones for adults. Commonly, the juvenile courts are informal in order not to stress the child, but minors has still have less rights in the court than adults. Also children can be punished for the cases that are absolutely legal for adults, like possession of alcohol and tobacco and running away from home. Minors are ...

Probation and parole are alternative sentences to incarceration, which offer convicted offenders the opportunity to remain in the community, but operate under supervision (Hanser 12). Whereas probation takes place before and often instead of imprisonment, parole usually occurs as an early prison release. The convicted offender is required to comply with probation and parole conditions. The offenders are subjected to warrantless searches without any reasonable cause. In the United States, over 2,000 agencies administer probation on offenders who commit felonies as well as misdemeanors. Adult probation as well as parole are established in executive branches of state government ...

Introduction

The Mexican Mafia or La eMe is a ruthless California prison gang. Formed in the 1950s initially to stay safe inside the prison complex especially from the violence perpetrated by other gangs. The La eMe comprised of a small band of gang leaders of other gangs. This gang at present has allegiance with over one thousand street gangs in Los Angeles alone. The La eMe imposes a code of conduct for other gang members to follow. In addition, it takes a tax for protection purposes. The prison gang operates based on a separate code. The contents include lifetime membership, ...

Afilliation:

There are three major considerations in discussing comparatively the difference between prisons and alternative sentencing which are the psychological and mental stress undergone by the individual, the philosophy and innate goal of prison and alternative sentencing and lastly the financial and human resource of the place. A correctional facility can be, in principle, a description for both prison and alternative sentencing. A prison is traditionally a special building or structure built in order to isolate an individual from society and pave way to the reckoning of his/her mistakes. More than the isolation itself, a certain environment causes the individuals ...

Public defenders are often negatively portrayed in the media and popular culture. They are unfairly stigmatized and stereotyped as being incompetent, overworked, and lazy. While the prosecutor is responsible for zealously bringing forth and proving criminal charges against the defendant, it is the public defender’s job to zealously advocate and protect the defendant’s individual rights. In the community corrections realm, the role of public defenders should be to represent these low-level offenders and ensure that throughout the adjudication process, their rights are preserved. Within community corrections, a public defender may represent juvenile offenders or defendants who are ...

ABSTRACT

The juvenile crime rate has made a significant increase in America as children as young as eight years old are committing violent crimes. The juvenile justice system was first created to keep children out of adult prisons and to rehabilitate the children so that they will become productive non-criminal adults. This system has not been effective. Children are impacted by many factors when faced with decisions in today’s society. They are not as developed and lack the reasoning capability like adults. Thus, new approaches to juvenile justice must be instilled throughout the country in order to prevent more ...

10 week correctional program

INTRODUCTION

The Correctional Counseling Implementation Plan provide insight into the details to various cognitive-behavioral treatment programs that aims to address some issues facing the offenders. Such issues include relapse prevention, substance abuse, domestic violence, criminal thinking, and anger management among others. The treatment will be applicable for the adult male and female offenders. This program will utilize the institutional counselors that include counselors, psychologists, social workers, case managers, recreation specialists, and educators. According to Voorhis (2013), the institutional counseling is more effective than community-based program because it enhances supervision and monitoring of the offenders. The aim ...

Alfredo Albondigas is obviously a mentally disturbed man. The inmate could be suffering from psychosis or other related psychological disorders. The mental imbalance might have been brought about by drug and substance abuse. With the known prison background and environment, use of drugs such as Marijuana, heroin, crystal methyl, LSD and others is rampant. Alternatively, Mr. Albondingas might be suffering from acute depression leading to the meltdown. Mental disturbance from the environmental effects of prison trauma and stress could induce delirious hallucinations. Other possible mental states that could be influencing the behavior could be Peduncular hallucinosis and primarily schizophrenia. ...

Human Rights for Prisoners

The prisons in developing regions such as Africa are viewed as the worst rehabilitation systems in the world due to overcrowding, violence, and a host of other issues. The institutions do not uphold human rights based on their deficient conditions and practices. However, many rehabilitation systems are under crisis all over the globe (Cavadino, Cavadino & Dignan, 2005). The number of inmates has risen to devastating levels in the developing nations and the United States. The countries need to develop secure prisons that uphold human rights to ensure that the justice system acts as an effective weapon in fighting crime ( ...

Abstract

Rising rates of recidivism in the United States have developed concerns pertaining to the effectiveness of prisons as correctional facilities. In this study, the focus is to assess the suitability of faith-based correctional methods in promoting inmates reentry into the society. Some discussed methods include Inner change programs, prison chaplaincy, and meditational strategies. Several studies have indicated significant declines in recidivism rates among inmates who participated in these initiates. For example, Duwe & Johnson (2013) found that inmates who engaged in Inner change programs in Minnesota were less likely to be arrested by at least 8% compared to their counterparts ...

In a world full of violence, people are all victims and there must be a reason behind it. Moreover, committing crimes are not limited to adults. Teenagers nowadays are very active in the scene of crimes. Teenage rape, Street Gangs, School Massacres are few of the events that have brought damage to the image of modern youth. Violence is inevitable in a community. It is normal that a person deviates from the common flow of life. This means that not all people can follow government rules and cultural norms. As a result, crimes would be committed. However, the case ...

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1. Background The arrival of new technologies as helped improve many aspects of life. For example, License Plate Recognition is a modern technology that has helped improve mobility and safety in transportation (Rashid, Aibinu, Rahman, Suhaimi and Yunis, 2012). Many car parks have resulted to the use of technology to help in the logistics of operating a car park. Rashid et al., (2012) argue that automatic parking systems are progressive because in addition to improving logistics, they also increase the convenience of public parking, eliminate the hassles of fee collection and also enhance the security, especially when the car ...

Introduction

Juvenile correctional approaches in the United States centers around the best interest of the child. Young children below the age of 18 fall into the juvenile category. The system offers to purge any criminal record after a stipulated period of time and at the completion of certain terms. The juvenile records remain sealed from public record during this time and are rarely unsealed in spite of exceptional circumstances. Juvenile offenders are first part of a meeting between the State prosecutors to discuss the options of community service for nonviolent crimes. Only in the event of not reaching a conclusive ...

Project Scope Management

At this initial stage, there must be clearly defined the boundaries of the project: the project’s goals and objectives and the deliverables that it must produce are addressed here (PM4Dev, 2007). The goal of the project is to create a new software for the wand product, which is already in the use, in order to comply with the new governmental regulations. An important objective is to incorporate new functionality and software fixes, which are not required by regulations, but are pursued by PROVISION for enhanced quality purposes. The deliverables will consist in:

A new software that respects the patient safety governmental regulations and will be compatible with the hardware (the wand).

Software fixes and new functionality incorporated ...

The main idea of this reading involved decreasing criminal acts in neighborhoods. The study is used to determine the effectiveness of the correctional programs. The study also will evaluate whether the funding being used for correctional programs is working or not working for offenders. “Evidence-Based Corrections can help determine how to change what is not working, and improve what is working”. The funding should be budgeted for programs that will be effective and make a difference for offenders. The study hypotheses used in this research is an independent nature. A rigorous scientific study is used. The two-step process will ...

The article discusses the legitimacy focusing on the correctional setting. The legitimacy of the courts and the police is needed to assert to the people their role of making decisions. This article assumes that fairness in delivering procedural justice is an important factor in shaping the evaluation of the people regarding the legitimacy of the courts and the police. This factor also strengthens the legitimacy of the authorities and encourages people to willingly comply with the law and accept the decisions made by the authorities. The author analyzes this assumption by considering the arena of corrections and evaluating if ...

Legitimacy in Corrections

Legitimacy in Corrections The central thesis of this article looks to examine, through experimentation comparing a boot camp with a prison, whether the justice system and its perceptions of legitimacy (obeying the law and its authorities) transition or altercate during ones full course of confinement. The article also questions as to whether the type of correctional facility really matters and why. After the completing of a study sample on exactly two-hundred and two adult inmates whom were randomly assigned to one of the two institutions while serving their six month sentence (Franke, D., Bierie, D., & MacKenzie, D. L., 2010). ...

Retributive rationale and Utilitarian Rationale

In retributive rationale, the idea of retribution is to ensure that an act of wrong is balanced in the form of punishment inflicted on the offender (Blackburn, Fowler and Pollock, 2012). It is important to note that retribution does not involve a revenge mission as the people giving the punishment have been given the authority to do so by law. The process of deciding the punishment to be done on the offender requires a certain specific procedure to be followed (Blackburn, Fowler and Pollock, 2012). The victim cannot be granted the power to provide punishment for the offender as ...

Introduction

According to Campbell (2014), an innate undergoes several assessment concerning his or her physical and mental health, program needs and custody level. Most importantly, inmates are evaluated base on his or her security level, whether he or she may be particularly vulnerable to a other inmates, or if he or she belongs to a security threat group (STG) that may pose future problem for the safety and stability of the correctional system. Most often, prison gangs are considered as a security threat group. These groups are known to take part in various activities that are against prison rules and ...

Overcrowding or overpopulation in prisons is defined as a situation when prison(s) hosts more prisoners contrary to the certified normal accommodation (CNA) as stipulated in the establishment’s requirements (Garcia & Marco, 2012, p. 37). This can be validated when there is the scarcity of rooms for inmates to sleep. Besides, the inability of facilities to offer adequate meals or food, poor health care services for inmates, insufficient staff who can care for inmates and ensure their safety as well as the lack of designated accommodation facilities necessary for detaining separately various types of prisoners, more so those that ...

Introduction

Correctional program is a planned undertaking which addresses factors connected/related to offender’s criminal behavior. It helps in assisting in the rehabilitation of offenders and their reintegration into the community as responsible citizens who are law are abiding. This can be achieved by making them provide programs in the prison and in the community. (Bonta 2007) Some of the correctional programs are community based. They are supervised to deal with convicted people and does not base its operation in cases of confinement of the prisoners. Some of the commonly used methods of community correction include Parole and probation. There ...