Essays on Counterterrorism

The United States government with the aim of enhancing the government security against both domestic and foreign terrorist activities enacted the USA PATRIOT Act. The provisions of the Act were to ensure the government put in place necessary investigatory equipment that would help the government to detect and neutralize these activities before it happens (Congress, 2002). However, the Act is modifiable to improve its effectiveness in counteracting terrorism. Most importantly, the law should categorize the necessary tools for investigation set aside. In particular, this is because terrorism activities of the 21st century and beyond use high-level technology and therefore ...

Introduction

A country’s economic and security prosperity highly relies on the aviation system that is operating efficiently. The existence of weak security poses a threat to aircraft safety and those that are boarding it. The hostile nation-states, criminals and terrorists have been viewing the aviation sector as a target for exploitation and attack. Successful airport attacks inflict grave economic damage, mass casualties and negatively affect the airline transportation system. The air transport sector should adopt appropriate ways of managing different incidents and threats. Intelligence and Threat Assessment play a significant role in mitigating numerous risks in the aviation industry. ...

INTRODUCTION

There are some events in the course of the world’s growth and development that seem likely to occur; people will experience conflict, social unrest, possible warfare and any number of natural disasters that can devastate communities all across the globe. In the modern era one of the most terrifying of occurrences are terrorist attacks. Terrorist threats can exist unnoticed; no one knows when they may occur and what public place, government buildings or function that may be targeted. This makes terrorist attacks a huge source of stress, fear and shock for the people and for the governments involved. ...

The underlying issues and considerations in conducting covert operations within the context of counterterrorist operations are also discussed. This is done in relation to the need to established better methods for critically and judicially examining each case while simultaneously dealing with potential threats in a quick and efficient manner. The methods used in order to focus the direction of policy towards such ends are considered as well as the frameworks by which policy is shaped and maintained throughout the challenges that are likely to be faced. The underlying frameworks and systems in place in order to ensure that these ...

The United States has seen a change in its security situation over the last three decades. Before the 9/11 attack, U.S. concentrated on preventing the attack of its citizens and property by jihadists who were mostly affiliated to Muslim countries. Still, U.S. authorities tracked the footsteps of all foreign-grown movements that posed a danger to the property and U.S. citizens working out the United States. After 9/11 attack, the U.S. began focusing on a more comprehensive and robust system to protect the United States from both domestic and international terrorism attacks. At this juncture, domestic and international groups carried ...

Abstract

Michael Zehaf-Bibeau is a lone attacker who launched a terrorist attack in Canada in 2014. Zehaf-Bibeau is believed to have been experiencing mental issues as well as a drug problem. Several years after his conversion into the Islamic religion, Zehaf-Bibeau became radicalized and started finding ways through which he could join other foreign fighters in Syria. The Canadian government had placed strict regulations at its border which led to the invalidation of his passport, an act which is believed to have provoked him. Following his displeasure with Canada's new foreign policy to deploy its soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan ...

In the recent years practically in all corners of the world terrorist activity that is intended to become a global threat has dramatically increased. The most attractive objects for terrorists are vehicles being the very vulnerable. The terrorist attacks on transport are usually accompanied by a large number of victims, paralyzing the activities in the most important spheres of economy and destabilizing the situation in the society. Most often the attacks occur at the air transport entailing the greatest number of victims and representing a minimal threat to the terrorists. The terrible attacks of September 11, 2001, have dramatically ...

After the 911 terrorist attacks, the Department of Homeland Security was formed to prevent future attacks on domestic soil. The ongoing threat, of course, is the possibility of a nuclear attack by a terrorist group. The Department of Homeland Security has considered such possible scenarios. If any terrorist organization seized materials to manufacture a nuclear weapon, the Department of Homeland Security must have measures in place to counter such a threat to domestic security. Technology evolves rapidly, and the DHS has stayed abreast of changes, in order to prevent such a scenario from playing out. The DHS is very ...

Combating Terrorism: Extraordinary Renditions and Advanced Interrogations

Terrorist attacks have been the fiercest, threatening the national security of most countries. Various measures have developed to combat the crime of terrorism by different countries. The most common way of disciplining criminals is the use of judicial procedures where the suspects are proved guilty by the criminal courts and appropriate disciplinary measures applied based on the crime committed. However, other measures are used exclusively by some governments to punish the suspects of terror attacks. Among these methods is the use of extraordinary renditions, which involve surrendering the criminals to another country for interrogation and detention (Horowitz & Cammarano, 2013). ...

Abstract

The terrorist attacks on the United States in 2001 revealed the need for information sharing between different local, state, and federal agencies. This resulted in the formation of Department of Homeland Security to coordinate the counterterrorism efforts. The Department created fusion centers that served as facilities of gathering and analyzing information from relevant agencies. The fusion centers have faced constant criticism from researchers regarding their effectiveness and spending but have been successful in stopping several terrorist plans. This has saved thousands of lives and millions of dollars. However, the numerous agencies working towards the same goal has brought about ...

Terrorism as a global phenomenon is recognized to be the key problem of international security. However, at the national level, terrorism is not a new phenomenon. As a method of struggle, especially in conditions of limited resources of various opposition forces, the terrorist activity was quite common in world history. According to one theory, the concept of “terror” originated during the French revolution - Jacobin terror, which meant the public destruction of unwanted people to intimidate others. There are earlier mentions of such a method of waging of a war of aggression. The word “terror” means a state of ...

In his March 8, 2016 article in the Washington Post, entitled “The FBI and NYPD make peace, focusing on fighting terrorism and not each other”, journalist Adam Goldsmith reports on the evolving relationship between the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the New York City Police Department (NYPD). According to Goldsmith, the relationship between the two law enforcement agencies has never been particularly friends. However, as a result of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks (9/11) in New York City, the relationship had, until recently, become particularly adversarial (Goldsmith). In the aftermath of the attacks, the NYPD established its ...

Have Suicide Attacks Helped or Hindered Terrorist Groups’ Goals?

Terrorism that uses suicide as a means of attacking individuals and places is on the rise across the globe with the reasons for the increase in such instances having no clear explanations. However, existing reports that are based on psychological dynamics have gotten contradicted by the widening gap of socioeconomic backgrounds of terrorists who commit such suicide attacks. According to Pape (2003), it is evident that the aim of suicide bombings is to make countries that are liberal and modern in nature to give into demands of terrorist groups existing within their respective borders. Additionally, it is common belief ...

Under these conditions, countries need an effective anti-terrorist policy and methods as a means of ensuring their own survival, public support, and international stability. Accordingly, new methods to combat terrorism began to be emerged and be developed, namely the use of new technologies such as satellites, information technology, surveillance, weaponry, Bio-metrics, finance, drones etc.

Satellites

It is worth noting a significant contribution of satellite systems to the resolution of the intelligence, communication, navigation and meteorological problems. Cosmic intelligence systems were used in order to provide US troops with timely and reliable data on the grouping of the Islamic movement of ...

The institutional affiliation

Nurses' Experiences of Ethical Preparedness for Mass Health Emergencies and Healthcare Disasters: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Evidence Healthcare ethics has been of higher importance as long as healthcare practice has existed. It is first necessary to explain that healthcare ethics is regarded as moral principles that are commonly considered as allowable and reasonable by the society. However, in spite of a universally stable set of ethical standards that direct the healthcare industry, there are many cases of these values on the verge of being violated. For instance, it is extremely possible that a medical worker will face an ...

Terrorism is a global threat that involves acquiring individuals especially the youth to carry out terrorist and violence attacks for various reasons. Recruitment into terrorist groups is a process met by both successes and failure by the recruitment personnel. The positive side involves the fact that the terrorist groups can attract new members, and consequently the terror groups can acquire approbation to help them carry out their activities. The downside of the terror groups involves high chances of the arrest of the terror suspects and offenders and compromise of intelligence chattels. There are various techniques used by terrorist groups ...

Establishing the national homeland security initiative right remains the most challenging task in the Turkey owing to the concerns in protecting the homeland are based on pervasive competency, over-centralization, entrenched politics, and corruption that frequently make Washington not to discharge their duties appropriately. Given numerous terrorist and criminal activities being witnessed in Turkey’s neighboring countries, like Iraq and Syria, which are believed to make nuclear weapons, there is an urgent need to strengthen Turkey’s Homeland security. The recommendations indicated in this article are vital steps in setting up the suited kind of homeland security for Turkey. The ...

Since it has earned its independence from the English Empire, the United States of America slowly worked its way to the top of the international arena as the strongest nation in the world. It has managed to survive several major and minor conflicts and while it has found itself threatened by various groups, the United States has remained strong against these odds. After the fall of the Soviet Union, the US became the world’s only superpower and many nations adored the country and saw the US as a protector. However, in recent years, several new threats are starting ...

Panopticism is a term that symbolizes a form of repressive measures that are taken to discipline society in the form of surveillance. Panopticism forms part of the disciplinary mechanisms that the country may use as part of counterterrorism policies. Some of these disciplinary measures are in the form of technical devices using high powered surveillance cameras that can be found in public places such as airports. Panopticism in the airport aims to prevent future aircraft piracy and hijacks by using data analysis and intelligence gathering through surveillance devices. One of the effects of 9/11 is the creation of the ...

Perhaps the clearest example of the United States’ involvement in state terrorism, as it is defined by Green and Ward is the electronic surveillance state that was revealed by former National Security Agency (NSA) contractor Edward Snowden in 2013. According to Green and Ward, state terrorism is illustrated in the repressive policy and laws that would normally be considered violations of human rights or unacceptable in a liberal democracy, such as the U.S., but are nevertheless implemented for counterterrorism purposes (Green & Ward, 2004). Under the U.S. Constitution, it is the right of all people to be free from “unreasonable ...

While American leaders have authorized and made use of intelligence and counterintelligence services since before the founding of the nation; the establishment of a formal, independent intelligence community, only occurred less than 60 years ago with the passage of the National Security Act of 1947 (FAS, 1996). In essence, the National Security Act implemented findings of the Eberstadt Report (FAS, 1996). According to the study, the problem of the nation’s intelligence efforts was that while many government departments, including Defense, State, and Justice, had established intelligence units, there was a significant lack of coordination, communication, and integration. The ...

The U.S. war on terrorism has created the unbalance and caused the reduction of the human civil rights. The paper will present the opinion about the security measures and under which circumstances can be seen as justifiable. One of the most known techniques used in the recent past from the government agencies in the terrorism and counterterrorism techniques is wiretapping. The US Patriot Act of 2001 has drastically decreased the civil human rights as has the records of the National Security Agency revealed. The privacy and civil liberties with surveillance and gathering the mass data without the need to ...

Government response was swift in the aftermath of the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Shortly after the attacks, the President signed the USA Patriot Act into law in October, 2001. The overarching purpose of the USA Patriot Act was to provide new tools and resources for law enforcement agencies and personnel to better detect and prevent terrorism (The USA PATRIOT Act: Preserving Life and Liberty). The Patriot Act made dramatic changes to existing laws relating to government surveillance (Savage, 2009). It equipped various law enforcement agencies with the legal authority and ability to be more proactive in detecting and preventing terrorist ...

The paper will focus on examining the tools that are enacted in the United States to help fight against organized crime and terrorism in which diplomacy, criminal law, financial control, military force and intelligences are all critical components that need to work correlated and coordinated. The thesis of this paper is that in every counterterrorism toll beside the advantages there are many disadvantages and controversy present. The important documents accepted in the recent time regarding the counterterrorism will be examined with the main focus on the Patriot Act. The negative and positive sides of the use of wiretapping, metadata, ...

INTELLIGENCE, TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY/POLITICS

Police administration has been formalized in order to provide an organized system of policing.In the 1970's, professional models of policing have been expanded towards reaching the community and the police are considered to be the best judges on how to deal with peace and order in the community.In the modern era, effective policing is extremely important in protecting life, liberty and property to ensure peace and order. The effective law enforcement is important in counteracting terrorism and other security issues that can threaten the national and global peace and order. The emerging threat of global terrorism becomes a significant ...

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is one of the most reputable security agencies in the United States of America. Although there are several other security agencies in the United States of America, the Federal Bureau of Investigation remains one of the most significant as far as the American protection policy is concerned. The Federal Bureau of Investigation however, is a domestic agency which provides intelligence and security service in the United States of America (Findlay 21). Due to its importance and effectiveness, it is mandated with the duty of serving as the United States’ law enforcement agency; it’ ...

U.S. Counter Terrorism Strategies Since the beginning of the new millennium, global terrorism has firmly occupied the place of "the main threat to humanity". Undisputed leader in the fight against "evil terrorist" remains the United States, providing a wide range of activities to capture and destroy the militants of “Al-Qaeda” and others like that, not only in the country but also far beyond its borders. What are they, the results of decades of anti-terror battle? A proof of special significance for the United States to combat global terrorism was the establishment of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) after ...

Briefing Note on Information Sharing

Issue: Counterterrorism Information Sharing Role of Information Sharing Since 9/11 The importance of sharing intelligence information related to terrorism among the various law enforcement agencies and the federal security machinery cannot be overemphasized. There various roles that information sharing plays in detecting and preventing terrorism activities. Firstly, terrorist attacks take place in a community setting. It is the duty of local, state and community based responders as well law enforcement officials to initiate the first response team. Information sharing is necessary ensure timely response. Timely response is essential in mitigating the impact and reducing the number of causalities from ...

Terrorism is the greatest menace against humanity and threat to modern civilization. Globalization has brought in overall prosperity and development to the world. This has facilitated ease in transportation across international borders, communication between remote locations through access to internet and wireless phones, and international fund transfer electronically. Terrorists have used these facilities to strike at faraway places. Terrorism has not remained confined to a region and has spread globally. After 9/11 terrorist attack, United States along with its allies have declared war against terrorism. Answers have been prepared based on these perspectives. 1. The Revolutionary Armed Forces of ...

Abstract

This paper will discuss the emergence of national security policies and laws in the aftermath of the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Prior to these attacks, there was relatively little coordination between different government agencies and branches with regards to counterterrorism. But the 9/11 attacks led to significant changes. All three government branches are highly involved in national security measures and interests. Congress responded by passing very important statutes to augment the government’s authority to conduct and investigate terrorist threats and apprehend suspects. These statutes reflect the practical difficulties of apprehending and prosecuting terrorists. Terrorism is unique in that if ...

Strategy to Fight Transnational Organized Crime

The strategy to fight transnational organized crime comprises to all national power’s elements that are geared towards protecting citizens and the national security interests of the United States from the convergence of the transnational criminal threats of the 21st century. The strategy is premised around a common unifying principle that is to build, integrate and balance the American power’s tools for combating transnational organized crime and national security related threats as well urging the nation’s foreign partners to observe the same principle. The long term goal of this strategy is for the reduction of transnational organized ...

Introduction

Currently quite a lot of scholars agree that terrorism constitutes a complex and complicated phenomenon that when one makes an attempt to construe its definition he is most likely to encounter a string of obstacles and implications on this academic and practical path. Today practitioners and scientists can fairly propose dozens and even hundreds of various definitions of terrorism, but they confuse other people and experts trying to perceive the main essence and nature of terrorism (Sorel, 2003; Ganor, 2002). Crafting a comprehensive definition of terrorism is of paramount significance to both science and practical settings of punishing those ...

Foreign policy is the way the United States interacts with other nations. It sets standards and rules of interactions for businesses and individual citizens. The official goal of the United States foreign policy is to build and sustain a better world for both American and international people. Foreign policy also dictates the use of nuclear technology and the use of nuclear hardware. This paper discusses the United States’ foreign policy, non-governmental organizations and their association with terrorism.

Terrorism

A main part of foreign policy has to deal with terrorism. Combating terrorism is a major objective for the United States. Combating ...

Introduction

This dissertations main porpoise and focus will be to address if the British armed forces will have any role in future international conflict. It will address the beginning of the British Empire all the way to the empire that we know today. After this we will look at concerns and threats that the British might face as well as the rest of the world and how this could have an impact on the British role in any future conflict. After having discussed all of the concerns we will look at the ability through advances in technology for any involvement ...

Question 1

The Al Qaeda manual is a publication, whose principal purpose is to serve as a directive for the members of the terrorist group. In this handbook, the acts of violence performed by these members are justified by the use of quotations from the Holy Book, the Quran. Additionally, the Al Qaeda manual instructs members of the group how to lie during captivity. This is usually an attempt to divert the attention of the captors and avoid being traced. The handbook, particularly directs the members of the Al Qaeda group to falsely claim that they are being tortured while under interrogation with ...

In his description of himself, Baer acknowledges that he wasn’t born a patriot whose intention was to work for the CIA. He describes himself as a struggling student who had personal agendas (Baer, 2002). The book gives several accounts of what Baer describes as frustrations and mistakes he made while posted in Lebanon and India. The book also discusses the failings of the CIA. Baer gives the reasons for a failing CIA as: replacement of human intelligence with computer and satellite technology; a risk aversion approach by the agency that promoted bureaucratic practices and undermined intelligence gathering; and the prioritization of interests ...

Prisons are an essential organ in the criminal justice system of the United States of America. Prisons serve the purpose of reforming, rehabilitating and keeping the offenders away from the society so as not only to protect the society but also protect the offenders from an angry society that is tempted to take the law into their hands.

There are a number of challenges that the United States prison system faces especially with the inclusion of imprisoned terrorists. It is imperative to consider whether terrorists can be reformed and rehabilitated and thus fit for prison. Arguments have been advanced to ...

Introduction

Terrorism has been a long-standing problem of globalization, with radical militant groups inflicting coercion upon civilians to push for political, social and religious goals. Arguably, however, terrorism has reached its zenith in recent times when the September 11, 2001 (9/11) attacks in the United States (US) happened. The intensity of the attacks cast the image of the US as the most powerful nation in the world into serious doubt, considering the fatal breach of security involved (Kean, 2004).

Undoubtedly, 9/11 shook the US towards creating new strategies to counter future cases of terrorism. However, there is an understanding that the ...

Counterterrorism and counterinsurgency are two concepts that are seemingly similar to one another but are substantially different. Terrorists and insurgents are not the same, with both having specific defining characteristics pertaining to their roles (Crisis Group Asia, 2008). Counterterrorism operations are more concerned with fighting terrorists, destabilizing their activities and capturing them. It is important to note that terrorism, in itself, is a strategy employed by various groups with different objectives. Insurgents, on the other hand, only use terrorism as a tactic. They may choose to use it or not but nevertheless, they are still threatening as they ...

Although the most publicly well-known counterterrorist agencies in the United States are the CIA and Homeland Security, but the Department of State has also been playing an equally important role in counterterrorism for decades. Over the years, especially after the September 11 attacks, the role of the Department of State has gotten bigger and has become more visible ("State dept. official" 2012). Today, the Department of State is the leading federal agency that deals with and handles terrorist in foreign countries where the interests of the United States are involved. The Department of State takes the head role ...

Introduction

This study seeks to provide concise yet comprehensive information on the value of diplomacy in combating terrorism, which is an issue of grave concern to the international community. Diplomacy, in the context of terrorism, posits invaluable virtues for resolving matters between conflicting parties in international relations. The organization of human beings within communities – a phenomenon that traces back to early history, has rendered the use of diplomatic skills and reasoning, given varying community interests that tend to conflict with one another. It is notable to consider that engaging in warfare has become the predominant method for dealing with international affairs ...

English

Introduction This paper will discuss the ethical challenges between human rights and national security. The issue addressed specifically in this paper is: “Should the United States government compromise human rights to achieve the objectives of international security”. After the September 11, 2001 bombing in the U.S., strict security measures had been taken by the government to ensure the security and safety of the people. The U.S. government implemented the National Security Agency (NSA) Warrantless Wiretapping Program, by allowing the warrantless wiretapping of the citizens despite the violation of the right to privacy. The primary objective of the ...

Homeland security

Terrorism is becoming more complicated than before with the use of mass destruction weapons. Ten years after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, policy makers continue to define the homeland security. Prior to 11.09, the United States addressed crises through the separate, law enforcement, prisms of national defence and emergency management. This demands a new strategy for the security enforcers in order to prevent from the threats. Preemption is a measure that ensures terrorists do not plan and attack different places as they chose. Defensive deterrence is no longer an option to prevent attacks, but offensive preemption is needed to counter the ...

Externally, U.S. intelligence community faces unprecedented challenges amid sweeping national and international political, economic and social changes. Striking failures to meet counterterrorism and intelligence objectives in both national and international arenas indicate current tools and policies are short of closing growing gaps between intelligence work as is performed by existing intelligence agencies and hostile states, groups or individuals, locally and abroad. Counterterrorism and intelligence are still viewed in older, established Soviet-era framework (McConnell, 2007; Turner, 1991; Godson, 2010). Flaws in counterterrorism and intelligence work is, further, attributed to a set of a factors including, but are not limited to, lack of ...

The evolution of terrorism over the past decades has seen the emergence of several types of terrorism and terrorist groups. Some of the world known terrorist groups including the Hezbollah, Hamas, and al-Qaeda have successfully managed to carry out several terrorist acts. As a result, it is necessary that the counterterrorism strategies place evolve concurrently in order to effectively combat these terrorist groups. In light of this, it is important that the counterterrorism strategies implement be specific to terrorist groups as ascertained by the motives driving the various groups into such activities. Different strategies are, therefore, need to combat each ...

Educational Institution

The debate over such notions as counterterrorism and counterinsurgency has recently heated up. Even though some academics state that the line between these two doctrines has blurred within the last years, they are still very distinct. According to the U.S. Army Field Manual (as cited in Rineheart, 2010) counterterrorism is offensive measures taken to prevent, deter, preempt, and respond to terrorism. This is a rather broad definition and it implies that all nation’s resources should be mobilized in order to neutralize a terrorist threat. Modern U.S. counterterrorism operations involve direct hits on terrorist organizations in order to take terrorists ...

Introduction

After the September 11 bombings in New York and Washington, the United States tightened their counterterrorism efforts to thwart further plans of terrorist groups. This does not mean that policies were ineffective before the attacks, but there were murmurs of intelligence failures. It was argued that it was the Central Intelligence Agency’s and the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s faults for not being able to intercept the plans of the groups that attacked the World Trade Center (Lewis, 2004).

Intelligence and Strategies

The Intelligence Community or IC of the United States consists of executive agencies. These agencies are separated to prevent ...

NSA 2

Introduction The United States National Security Agency is responsible for counterintelligence operations pertaining to the monitoring, collection, and analysis of global data (National Security Agency, 2014). These counterintelligence operations include eavesdropping, wiretapping, and other types of electronic surveillance used to intercept threat against the United States. In recent decades, the NSA has also assumed responsibility for all counterintelligence operations for cyber and network warfare. Due to the changes faces of terrorism, the NSA counterterrorism strategies must also adapt to new threats posed to the United States.

Counterterrorism Tools

In the Information Age, terrorists possess the ability to deliver computer viruses ...

Counterterrorism and Intelligence Framework: A policy recommendation to the U. S. Department of Homeland Security 1. Introduction President Geogre W. Bush on 20th September 2001, exactly after 9 days of the 9/11 attack and a major governmetal transformation took place and annouced the establisment for office of the homeland Securities within the white house for contradiction of terrirism in U.S. The U.S intelligence is prepared with diverse several agencies and organisations within the executive branch and work both independently and collaboratively to gather the intelligence fundamental to conduct the national security activities. The intelligence community efforts to ...

CRITICAL THINKING

Counterinsurgency VS Counterterrorism in the U.S. COUNTERINSURGENCY VS COUNTERTERRORISM IN THE U.S. The meaning of insurgency is a rebellion against authority like government acknowledged as a conventional authority, such as United Nations as the standard ruler of the country, by forces that do not portray or represent a government, also a formal rebelling authority. A counterinsurgency war means that actions of government forces of military against such insurgents. The United States as the world’s super power was connected in so many operations of counterinsurgency in the past years. Winning victory in counterinsurgency war seems to demand destruction of all enemy ...

America on the War on Terror

America and its supporters indicate that the War on Terror is justifiable under international law and the fact it intended for the paralysis of the United States, if not its total elimination. According to Yoo and Ho (2003), the attacks designed to eliminate the current military and civilian leadership status of the country with one hit and disrupt the entire country’s functions with the attack. Al Qaeda, who had claimed responsibility for the attacks, wanted to influence America into changing its Middle Eastern policy through the attack. President George W. Bush then stressed in one of his speeches ...

Terrorism

Since the September 11 attacks in 2001, the future complexion and definition of terrorism has become quite ambiguous for the public. In its early incarnations, terrorism was associated with the spread of fear for the sake of ideology without the mass genocide included. However, as the years progressed with the onset of various ideologies and changed political affiliations, some no longer know if the ongoing violence classified as terrorism is still ‘terrorism’ or just a plain warfare. This ambiguity has subsequently influenced how governments, such as the United States, in organizing their counter-terrorism strategies and now directed such strategies in ...

Abstract:

The post 9-11 world depicts a totally different outlook in terms of the global politics and regional security. It was the first major event since the fall of the Berlin Wall which forced the nations into revisiting their security policy and beefing up their internal security networks which would allow them preempting any similar event of aggression in the future. United States of America and United Kingdom undertook punitive measures in order to overcome the challenges faced. Each of the state adopted multi prong policy which was directed towards domestic and international safety of their national interests. This paper looks ...

Abstract

The project deals with changes in the federal law enforcement since 9/11 attacks. The opening paragraphs induct into the political microclimate of the early 2000s and the rationales behind the 2001 terrorist attacks. Further sections give insight into improvements and changes made by the Department of Justice, one of principal law enforcement agencies, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, its subordinate agency, and police. The paper reflects the opinion of prominent security experts, accomplished writers, and governmental officials. Keywords: security, counterterrorism, attack, law, enforcement, bureau, police, justice Being a big geopolitical player that it is, the USA has its ...

Introduction

The National Security Agency (NSA) is the largest intelligence agency of USA that gathers information to detect any potential threat to USA. Recently in 2013, it created a lot of buzz when Edward Snowden, a former NSA contractor, revealed to the media about the clandestine surveillance programs of the NSA (NCPA 2014). According to the documents leaked by Snowden, the NSA spies on over a billion of people worldwide by intercepting their calls. Not only that, the NSA has access to the phone records of all the American citizens for the purpose of mass surveillance. It was also revealed that PRISM, the ...

One of USSOUTHCOM priority mission is Countering international organized crime (C-TOC). Describe and discuss the future requirements of Counterintelligence in C-TOC

Introduction

Counterintelligence refers to the known business of always distinguishing and managing foreign postulated threats directed towards the country. Its fundamental concern is the sagacity administrations of foreign states and comparable associations of non-state performers. A good example in line with the stated fact is the transnational terrorist cohorts that are out to hamper the desired harmony in nations. Counterintelligence works out both as a guarding measure that ensures the country's mysteries and holdings against foreign brainpower entrance and as a ...

Type of government

Qatar is one of the few states in the world that preserved a unique type of government - an absolute monarchy. Organized opposition, as well as any activities of political parties is prohibited in the state of Qatar. Under the Constitution of Qatar, the fullness of legislative and executive power belongs to the head of the state - the Emir, who is elected from among male family members of the Al Thani royal family (over 3,000 people.). The monarch possesses extremely broad powers. He represents the state in its foreign relations, performs the functions of the supreme commander ...

English

Introduction In the movie World War Z, one of the issues is government preparedness in handling crises. Nowadays, the whole world is confronted with possible disasters or crises that can significantly affect the lives of the people in a community. During these difficult times, governmental response is vital in order to meet all the needs of those affected by these possible crises such as terrorist attacks, natural disasters, and other catastrophic events (Neil 14). The main resource and official regulatory organization that is tasked to handle these crises in the U.S. is the Department of Homeland Security. The National ...

Management

Goss (2005), in Building a Contingency Menu: Using Capabilities-Based Planning for Homeland Defense and Homeland Security, says that Homeland Defense and Security planners need to develop a contingency plan to neutralize potential terrorist threats. Because of their shrewd and adaptive strategies, the Department of Homeland Defense and Security agency has come up with the concepts of ‘lines of operation’ ‘capabilities’ as the dynamics to define and explain potential and likely interactions. Moving from the more rational idea of, ‘who is the threat?’ to ‘what could the threat do?’ has given Homeland Defense and Security planners a broader spectrum of possibilities to explore ...

The United States of America was arguably the safest nation in the world until the 9/11 terrorist attacks the sent chilling messages. From henceforth, America and indeed Americans have had a suspicious approach to matters of security. It has consequently been in the nation’s interest to harness all of its intelligence agencies with the objective of working together in protecting Americans. In that vein, it is should be appreciated that all levels of governments including the federal, state and local governments have their unique roles to play in matters of intelligence. In brief, it is noteworthy that the complicated ...