Essays on Cryptography

The data center could have prevented intruders from being able to enter the building by having a secure environment and room construction. The center should have the low visibility that is away from the high traffic of vehicles and pedestrians. The center should also have maximized structural protection by having full height walls and ceilings that are fire proof. Also, there should be a limited number of windows which have locks and are not excessively large. The number of doors should be limited to a few mostly just two, which are lockable preferably with the use of two-factor authentication. ...

ABSTRACT

Cloud computing employs the use of parallel and highly computed processors to virtually and remotely deliver services. This is an important factor forenterprises whose processing resources are limited and who suffer limitations on the manpower and data storage. This notwithstanding, cloud computing faces a serious threat in the area of data security. This is because the attackers have become very opportunistic and look for any slight loophole that will enable them to bypass the server securities within the cloud computing environment. It is thus important to come up with a systematic approach that can help in identifying the vulnerabilities ...

Abstract

The discussion over the advantages and disadvantages of the cloud computing is being held over the years. There are three models that are used in order to define has this technology will be used, such as SaaS, PaaS and IaaS. This paper provides the overview of the differences of those models and cover the concerns that are associated with the use of the cloud computing. Even though the future of any technology is not easy to predict, we try to analyze the current market of cloud computing and based on that try to predict how it will evolve with ...

Almost every aspect of life has taken an online approach with the emergence of the computer error. The whole concept of globalization could not have turned into a reality were it not for the sake of computers and related technology. As a result, therefore, software engineering, which is the basis of technological revolution, has been largely embraced to enhance efficiency and reliability in most processes. In the current society, complex tasks and functions have been successfully broken down into extremely simplified processes with the use of computer programs. Software engineering refers to the use of computer programs to design ...

I. Vulnerability Assessments A wireless connection in the 20-people organization has the same vulnerabilities that other wireless network. A wireless network has the characteristic that virtually anyone inside the radius of the wireless network could have access to the network, have unauthorized access and create problems with the information flow. The information technicians of the company must consider the following risks and vulnerabilities of the network: Default Keys: They are the passwords that manufacturer brings into the router by default. Several administrators and final users forget to change the default password creating a risk for the organization. The NETGEAR ...

Create a SQL query to generate a new database master key and certificate for the HandsOnOne database. Take a screenshot of the Query Editor after you have executed this SQL command to show that it was completed successfully. Construct a SQL query to generate a new symmetric key for encrypting data. The symmetric key should use the AES algorithm with a 256-bit key size, and it should be protected by the certificate you created in Step 2. Take a screenshot of the Query Editor after you have executed this SQL command to show that it was completed successfully. Construct ...

Introduction

Endpoint protection platform remains a security technology, which ensures that security of an endpoint device is superb in its functionality as a unit. The unit is composed of antivirus, personal firewall, anti-spyware, control application and intruded preventions styles, hosted in it. A number of Enterprise endpoint protection platforms (EPP) with higher advancement are combining patch, vulnerability and capabilities that manage configuration; this eventually enhances the protection. The current products of the EPP have included features of protection like data loss prevention, file and disk encryption and also device control, besides fighting malware. Higher number of EPP market focuses on ...

DESIGN PROPOSAL

1.0 PHYSICAL NETWORK DESIGN This design implementation must be on LAN systems because it is located in within the same building that has no structured facilities that aid data transfer from one network to another. Use of proper network topology helps in structuring the network with advantages such as cost reduction and less power consumption. The network nodes and connection lines are supposed to be designed in such a way that it reduces complexity and utilizes the available space properly. Currently, there are both physical and logical network topologies [3]. The physical aspect is defined as the actual geometric ...

IT 331 Week 2

IT 331 Week 2 Describe the series of connections that would be made, equipment and protocol changes, if you connected your laptop to a wireless hotspot and opened your email program and sent an email to someone. Think of all the layers and the round trip the information will likely make. The first thing you need to do is to turn on the wireless hotspot and to search for the available Wi-Fi connections. Choose the needed one and enter the required login and password; this information acts as the encryption key that transmits traffic. Then, open the email app; ...

The emergence of digital currencies and their rapid expansion into international financial markets and the lives of common people has been nothing but a substantial shake-up for the global financial sector. These digital or virtual currencies, often known as cryptocurrencies, employ cryptography to secure and authenticate transactions, as well as to administer the creation of new units. Today, both youngsters and older people know the Bitcoin benefits and Ethereum features: they are decentralized and operate on a peer-to-peer network, giving users more independence and near-absolute anonymity.

In recent years, digital currencies have grown in popularity, and their use has spread beyond ...

Abstract

The report below provides a comprehensive analysis of Global Finance Inc.’s (GFI) network. It provides an overall description of the network based on the network diagram provided. The report also conducts a risk assessment on the network. The main purpose of the risk assessment is to discuss the risks resulting from the network design and configuration. In total, the assessment identified four apparent risks and the report provides proper mitigation techniques for the organization. The main purpose of the mitigation techniques is to improve network security and reduce financial losses resulting from network downtimes. The report also discusses ...

Source: InfoSec Institute Web article, January 2016

Summary: This article was about Information security governance and Risk Management in CISSP domain. In the article some basic guiding principles for the security are highlighted, the security's fundamental principles revolve around the CIA i.e. confidentiality, integrity and availability. Confidentiality confirms that the data is confidential through personal identifying information, integrity ensures the accuracy of the data and it is not modified by anyone else and finally availability ensures that whenever the data is needed, it is available i.e. no DOS attacks or any other attacks stops the access of the data. The risk management talks about the analysis ...

Part 1

One of the technologies that will have a great impact on telecommunications and networking security is quantum cryptography technologies. The quantum cryptography technology has been utilized in several ways in a bid to increase network security (Vazirani & Vidick 2014). For example, the Quantum Key Distribution is quite effective in increasing security during communication between two parties. QKD prevents eavesdropping by allowing sharing of a randomly-generated security key and detecting any third parties that may try to gain access to the communication network. Quantum cryptography has been used to detect Trojan horse-based attacks and blinding attacks. The technology has great ...

Introduction

Networks and computer systems are imperative to establishments in the present age. They have managed to simplify sending and receiving of information and colossal data processing over very short time periods. However, they are always facing threats and attacks from hackers. Dangers to the computing environment, network, and the database comes from everywhere. In such a high stake facility, it is critical to ensure that the main threats are identified and mitigated. The major threats can come from three areas: the physical installation, the users, and malicious attacks. The five top threats to the new network will be the ...

Information Security Governance and Risk Management

This is the foundational domain for professional information security work (Walsh). It provides standards and policies for monitoring information security programs. The domain ensures data quality necessary to support an organization’s objectives. This is critical especially to sensitive and critical information that an organization uses. Risk management is the identification and prioritization of all risks to confidentiality. The most important step in the domain is risk analysis. This involves identification of threats and vulnerabilities on applications and systems. The last phase in the domain is the implementation of the most appropriate and cost-effective security measures and controls to ...

Mmmmm dd, yyyy

Section 1: Basic Concepts Concept of the Cloud The IT term “ cloud” is short for two related concepts. For the man on the street, it can just mean the internet and that is acceptable1. For the IT initiate, it would be “cloud computing” which is the delivery of on-demand computing services (e.g. applications) to clients via the internet from server farms of the service provider. These services are applications and databases which reside in the vendor’s various locations unknown to the customers. Google and Facebook are there in the cloud. Such architecture allows the type of service called ...

Question 1

Encryption defines the process involved in encoding information such that only the authorized person or computer, with a key, can decode it. This process is based on cryptography, the all-important tool for protecting information on computers and computer systems. Encryption has been used to protect information since time immemorial, being used by the Greek that created ciphers which are codes involving transpositions or substitution of letters and numbers. One of the most common ciphers is Caesar’s cipher who shifted each alphabetical letter to the right or left by a few positions, and the Polybius square, just to mention ...

Abstract

Most organizations and businesses have reported a loss of billions of money while others have become bankrupt leading to closure. Security breaches have propagated most of these events due to the kind of technology implemented. Mobile devices and Internet connections have been on top of the list. As technology keeps on evolving, different convenient methods of communication and accessing information keeps on improving. This evolution leads to new cybercrime activities which have posed to be a significant threat to financial growth in different economic sectors. However, there have been the implementation of new methods to curb the security breaches ...

Part 1

The physical and environmental measures put in place by Kansas State University are aimed at protecting the institution's information and technology resources. One of the proposals concerning network wiring and equipment is that all rooms must be locked if no authorized personnel is inside. This is effective because it ensures that there is no tampering with materials. The organization also uses data encryption on mobile devices as well as tracking and recovery software which is effective in retrieving lost or stolen storage devices. One of the environmental security measures is UPS which ensures continued supply of power during outages. ...

Discussing Modern Electronic Records, Online Venues and Mobile Devices

INTRODUCTION This is the 21st century, an era of ever-increasing advancements in the realm of science and technology. Year after year more advanced, more innovative and more efficient technologies continued to be developed. We see this in how many people rely on technological devices, like computers, “i-pads” or tablets and smart phones, to fulfill their job requirements, to gain an education and in their every day social lives. There are no major industries that have not developed or placed their dependence in some kind of technology, be it farming and manufacturing or banking and construction; the healthcare industry is ...

In January 2009, Heartland Payment Systems announced that it had encountered a breach in its security system the previous year. The breach had compromised data of more than 130 million credit and debit cards transactions as the transaction data was being transmitted in an unencrypted form within its internal processing platform. The company was certified Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) compliant and had implemented all the required controls, but could not avert the breach. This paper examines if compliance with standards is enough to ensure data security. The paper will suggest the approach to be taken ...

Tele-Medicine in a Satellite Facility

Telemedicine is an old concept but new technology that enables a healthcare provider at one location to provide basic healthcare services such as diagnosis, intra-operative assistance, and medical consultation to patients, physicians or paramedical staff in a satellite or remote facility. Most researchers and scientist believe that there is no substitute for patient-doctor face to face interaction; however, telemedicine could be used to manage a few medical cases efficiently and remotely. In first prototype of telemedicine was introduced in the 1980’s in the form of slow-scan images, facsimile machine or telephone (Hsieh, & Hsu, 2012).The mode of communications ...

Nowadays various threats of malicious software are considered the most dangerous because of the sphere of their influence and rapid spread. One should be aware of the reasons for viruses attack as well as be ready to find ways to identify and eliminate malware. Considering worms, viruses and Trojans as the greatest challenges for security personnel, it is extremely important to be well aware of the issues and methods of solving problems connected with malware. Users as well as systems administrators should act fast when a potential infection is detected. This way, the key to dealing with malware is ...

Nowadays cryptography is critical to all organizations. Cryptography is usually used by passwords, SSL, smart cards. Cryptographic systems can provide following services: 1) authentication, 2) non-repudiation 3) confidentiality 4) integrity. For user authentication the password should be used. The politics for password selection must be applied: the password should contain at least 8 symbols, have characters, symbols and numbers, so that it would be difficult to guess it. It is more secure to use two-factor authentication, rather relying entirely on password authentication. Non-repudiation tools are needed to prove that definite user made transaction (for example, queried statement). Only appropriate ...

Section 1

HIPAA Privacy Rule and Security Rule The Privacy Rule applies to protected health information (PHI) or health information that can help identify an individual, created or received by covered entities (CE), which include health plans, clearinghouses, Medicare prescription drug sponsors, and health care providers who electronically transmit information. However, the employees of these covered entities are excluded from this while the business associates of these covered entities are subject to some provisions of the rule. The use and disclosure of PHI by the covered entities requires written authorization by the individual as it is governed by the Privacy Rule ...

Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act was brought to curb corporate fraud and restore investor’s confidence in the integrity of the corporations and executives. Due to SOX, the paperwork for the companies has increased manifold, as the law requires just detailed documentation rather than proactive detection and prevention of fraud. Examples of both its effectiveness and ineffectiveness are given below: Section 404, mandates the management to provide assertions and to be attested by independent auditors that effective internal controls are being applied to the financial reporting. However, Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (JOBS Act) of 2012 has provisions that eliminate this ...

Different techniques are used to protect the integrity of data as well as unauthorized access to such data using different techniques. Cryptography is one of the many techniques whereby plain text is changed to unreadable text with the aid of mathematical algorithms. One of these techniques is Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). A pair of keys is used in Public Key Cryptography to encrypt and decrypt information. Of these two keys, one is available publicly and can be known to anyone while the other is a private key and is only known to the owner of the key and used ...

Externality takes place when action of one agent exerts direct impact on welfare of other agent, and this impact is not transferred by market prices. When there are externalities in the market, the social marginal cost is not equal to private marginal cost. Positive externalities compel market to produce less than the socially desirable quantity (Gans, King & Mankiw, 2011). Positive externalities are present in the economy when marginal social benefits are greater than marginal private benefits (Cypher, 2014). There are, however, several examples of economic activities that pave the way to production of positive externalities such as:

Provision of Education

Industrial training ...

Analysis2

E-Commerce in Retail Sector.3 Customer Information..4

Improved Marketing Techniques5

Security Issues7 Conclusion8 References..10 E-Commerce & Retail The emergence of the internet and of computing technology in general over the last generation or so has had drastic and dramatic effects on all of society including both the personal and business realm. Indeed, these new technology has made it easier to spend money, work and so forth in a way that makes one’s home life and work life blend together in many ways. However, this report will focus more on how e-commerce has come into its own as part of this new technology and ...

Cryptography can be simple described as “a technique of encoding and decoding messages, so that they cannot be understood by anybody except the sender and the intended recipient” (Godbole & Kahate, 2003). Symmetric and asymmetric encryptions are the two major technologies used by contemporary organizations to secure their data; hence offering particular advantages when compared. In symmetric key cryptography, encryption and decryption are executed using a similar key whereas two different keys are used for the mentioned purposes in asymmetric key cryptography. The encryption/decryption speed in symmetric key cryptography is considerably faster than that in asymmetric key cryptography. In comparison, ...

Part 1: Once physical access is obtained by an intruder all security is lost is true because physical access provides an entry even to a reasonable expert to hack and gain access to the network, unencrypted terminals and servers. Wireless networks have not completely decreased the need for hackers to gain physical intrusion as there are vulnerabilities as similar to the wired networks. The systems are exposed to negative forces due to the lack of proper safeguards, as in the case of wireless LANs . Comparing wireless vs. wired security, it is vital to secure a wireless network than to ...

Background Study

Encryption is critical in ensuring that virtual security for users and administrators is ensured. In a retail store of the case study model, client information integrity is paramount. With a client base of 5,000 subscribers and downloads of confidential monthly payments, the need for a secure and high-level security level cryptography is paramount. In this paper, a report of the necessity encryption methods adoption by the electronic store is presented. Also, the paper offers the solution of the public key encryption supported by illustrative diagrams for the negotiation stage. As the chief of information technology at the electronics ...

Part 1

Cipher Definition Cipher refers to an algorithm that assists in executing encryption or decryption. It allows one to change a plain text to unreadable form or changing unreadable text to readable text by human beings (Stinson 134).

Difference between cipher and code

There are several differences that exist between a cipher and a code. Firstly, codes are easily computable thus are very fast. On the other hand, ciphers take much time to compute or rather they are non-computable hence end up being slower that the codes. Secondly, ciphers depend on a key since they are generated using a given key. However, codes do not ...

Even with cyber security systems and measures in place, company cannot think themselves safe, for there are always some loopholes or vulnerabilities left in the defense system. Their exploitation may affect companies in many ways, with impact making itself felt through reputational damage, the loss of delicate information, and expenditure associated with the deployment of additional cyber protection mechanisms. Companies incur heavy financial losses estimated at hundreds of thousands of dollars. The US-based AWS Inc. is the company that should not deem itself as being invincible, as big companies are the first in line for a big-scale attack. To ...

McNickle (2012)’s article addresses the five issues associated with social media as applied to healthcare service delivery. The article, however, acknowledges social media as a key player in advancing patient engagement, communication, and marketing in healthcare. The channel is increasingly useable with the growth of mainstream platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn (McNickle, 2012). Nonetheless, there are issues that arise with increased utilization of social media platforms in healthcare. McNickle (2012)’s five issues include privacy, content ownership, IP infringements, unauthorized access, and regulatory compliance. The author notes that, unaddressed, these issues could result in serious legal ...

Information System Security Plan for a Bank

Executive Summary The information security plan applies to AmeriBank, its auxiliaries, employees, information, system, processes, data, and networks collectively referred to as the Bank. AmeriBank is committed to protecting critical assets and securing information to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) of the information, preventing damage to the network and systems that are vital to the bank’s business to ensure business continuity, and minimize risk to the businesses. This is achieved by implementing administrative, technical, and physical controls such as information security policies, software, and hardware controls, which have to be implemented, monitored, and improved upon to ...

In line with the position of many in the crypto community, my feeling is that banning encryption or cryptography will not stop terrorists and criminals from using it, but will necessary adversely affect its use in more worthy circumstances such as for dissidents, human rights workers, and even business associations. More practically, how would a ban on cryptography even be implemented. Just as people have historically made up their own “secret languages” to communicate with a chosen few, how would banning cryptography stop someone with enough expertise to create their own encrypted system. Furthermore, despite some of the arguments ...

Compare and contrast symmetric and asymmetric encryption

Comparison Both the symmetric and the asymmetric encryption are means of securing communication between parties, especially in an enterprise. They function through encryption of plaintext and decryption of ciphertext to promote data integrity, confidentiality, and authentication (Sasi, Dixon, and Wilson, 2014).

Contrast

The symmetric encryption uses the same key for both encryption and decryption operations. On the contrary, asymmetric encryption (public-key encryption) uses a pair of keys, one for the public and the other one for private use. The communication between parties only takes place when data encrypted with the public key corresponds to the owner of a specific private ...

The informational technology and cloud computing-based electronic commerce platform that Global Finance Incorporated (GFI) is currently using may already be good as it is. However, for a company that employs more than a thousand people and one that is continuously growing year on year, certain improvements have to be made, especially on the security end. One quick reference that may be used to assess how linear and secure the connections that any one end user of GFI’s network would be, once initiated, is their network diagram. There, various vulnerabilities and loopholes can be identified. In terms of authentication ...

Introduction

A Computer based crime is misconduct that includes a computer system and a network infrastructure. The workstation might have been utilized in the commission of a crime, or the target of one. Cybercrimes have been defined as: "Crimes that have been committed against entities or sets of people with an illegal motive to deliberately damage the reputation of the target or cause physical harm, or loss, to the target directly or indirectly, using up-to-date networks such as the Internet and different mobile devices. Such criminalities have threatened the nation's security and possibly the financial health. Some of the issues ...

The objective of this paper was to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the possible security vulnerabilities that an organization’s computer and network operating systems may have; and also to provide appropriate techniques in order to boost protection based on the findings of the said assessment. The organization, whose computer and network operating system framework would be focused on, that was chosen is Target, operator of one of the largest network of malls in the United States’ retail industry. What makes this computer and network operating system security case analysis significant is that any form of risk involving ...

One of the fundamental principles of the law of business associations is that a corporation is considered, under the law, to be a person albeit an artificial one. For most of the history of the nation what the idea of a corporation having “personhood” was mainly for use as a means of protecting the liability of the corporation’s owners, namely its investors, from the debts and obligations of the company. Over the last decade, however, corporations have increasingly been found to be or share some of the same rights and privileges as natural, as opposed to legal, person ...

Introduction:

Cloud computing is a novel model of delivering information technology (IT) services to end users by facilitating convenient and on-demand access to a wide pool of shared computing resources such as servers, applications, storage, networks and services which can be easily configured, provisioned and availed to the end user with minimal effort from management or the cloud service provider. In this case, the cloud computing paradigm has transformed the way traditional (IT) products and services are delivered, managed and consumed by users. The technology promises accelerated innovation, rapid time-to-market delivery of IT products, the ability to scale business applications ...

Angel Heart is a psychological thriller and crime mystery that was filmed in 1987, and based on a book titled Falling Angel by William Hjortsberg. After first viewing the film Angel Heart, i didn't think it was so interesting at first. I'll admit i was a little confused, the plot of the film was a little puzzling to me, but eventually i caught on to what was really happening in the movie. I thought the movie was actually very cool to watch. The input of the voodoo scenery and all the extra subjugations added a controversial curiosity to the ...

Abstract

In this paper, the author identifies at least three security-related threats and various recommendations how they can be addressed. So far, there were three man security threats that were identified. The first one was the outdated-ness of GFI’s front end system. The recommendation for this was for GFI to invest more in the creation of a team that would develop a dynamic, high quality, and more secure front end system, one that is suited to today’s speed and design standards. The second risk was the presumed use of a common cryptographic passphrase for all of its departments. ...

Question One

People tasked with developing secure cryptography typically take part in various functions to ensure a secure system is created. They design, analyze, and even attempt to break their cryptographic systems (Mone, 2013). These security experts not only develop encryption algorithms but they also seek ways to bypass these algorithms. This act of breaking and bypassing their cryptographic systems is usually a means of testing to determine areas of vulnerability hence better development. On the other hand, the individuals who strive to break cryptographic systems are often viewed as malicious. This perception is usually due to the large number of ...

Individual Paper

Apple –FBI Battle over San Bernardino Terror Attack Investigation Executive Summary This report is about the battle between Apple Company’s iPhone and FBI’s demand from apple to develop a new software, which will help FBI to get the data contained in the phone of a terrorist, Syed Farook, who shot and killed 14 people in San Bernardino and left behind his iPhone. The phone’s iCloud was changed shortly after the attack, and FBI believes that such latest communication might help them get to know the terrorist’s plan. FBI went to court to be given orders ...

Describe in your own words the differences between steganography, digital watermarking, and digital rights management.

Steganography, digital watermarking, and digital right management are certainly all related, however they differ in that they represent different levels, or facets of the information security process. Digital watermarking is a way of embedding hidden digital information on video, audio, and imaging, that denotes ownership of the information, or marks a piece of visual or audio information for copyright (Shih, 2008). These watermarks can be traced, according to a specific algorithm, in order to identify copyright infringement, or authenticate data use. These digital watermarks are a specific type of stenography. Steganography is more generally the act of concealing a ...

Introduction

The Badlock bug is a vulnerability that got discovered by Stefan Metzmacher, who works for Samba developers (Mimoso, 2016). Stefan has worked for Samba for a long period; since 2002 and he now works as a Samba trainer and consultant at SerNet. The Badlock bug is a vulnerability that affects various kinds of Windows operating system known as the DCE. The DCE is utilized by chairpersons around the globe to get to the most profitable resource on any Windows. The windows network is an Active Directory, which goes about as a system with advanced security watch permitting an association's ...

Possible infrastructure vulnerabilities:

A computer network is made up of two or more electronic media that are able to communicate with each other through a predetermined way. Computer networks are very important to the world at present. Network vulnerabilities can be described as any security exposure that exposes the network to undesirable activity or unauthorized access. Network vulnerability has the possibility to lead to unauthorized access to information and resources of the network, altering the activities of the networks and even to the total denial of the network (EC-Council Press, 2011). Network vulnerabilities can be categorized into two main categories; application or ...

Communication System

The key elements of a data communication system are the source, the transmitter, the transmission system, the receiver and the destination. The source will be used in the generation of the data to be transmitted. The transmitter has a purpose of transforming and encoding the data into signals that can be transmittable for example the transformation from a digital bit stream to the corresponding analogue signal. The transmission system serves the purpose of carrying the data and it can be in terms of a transmission line or a complex network connecting the source and the destination. The receiver will ...

Marketing

Introduction The Canadian Wireless Telecommunications Association represents the majority of the wireless communication industry in Canada with members ranging from wireless data and voice service providers to global smartphone brands. In order for the organization to better represent the telecoms industry to consumers in Canada, a market research of the top smartphone brands was conducted to determine the current market conditions of the three smartphone brands namely iPhone, BlackBerry, and Nokia. The analysis of the three brands involves gathering important information about including financial performance. In addition, the study will also determine what the customers are saying about the ...

Internet Wiretapping

The ability of the government to mandate the creation of software that can intercept and unscramble messages that are encrypted and the capacity to serve wiretap orders on social media sites like Facebook and Skype may have raised concerns twenty or thirty years ago, but today, such an expansion of law enforcement power is necessary to protect the ever-changing technologically advanced society in which we live today. The invasion into privacy through the use of internet surveillance must be weighed against the security of the nation. With the requirement of warrants, and merely an expansion of authority already existing ...

Social media has been one of the technological developments of this digital age, with people using this platform for networking with colleagues, hunting for new job opportunities, and staying in touch with family and friends. But terrorist groups, too, have tapped into the power of the Internet, in general, and social media, in particular, to further their agendas in ways that would not have been possible previously. Whether it involves Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, or any of a number of social media sites, terrorist groups have proven themselves adept at leveraging the power of social media to recruit and to ...

Background

Riofrio (2013) opined that data generated online was useful to legal enforcement officers and marketers. However, the emergence of new technologies amplified the problem of data security in regards to access by third parties without the consent of the users. Safety issues arise in the process of human-computer interactions. Therefore, both the end-user and the manufacturers of the devices, or proprietors of social media are at the center of privacy concerns. Consider the recent stand-off between Apple and the FBI whereby the latter wanted the company to bypass the security setting of the iPhone of one of the suspects. ...

Civil Rights and Government Responsibility

The most memorable event of an expansion of civil rights liberties is the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that realigned race relations between the whites and African-Americans. The gains of the Act in the last fifty years cannot be underestimated, as it opened the social space on which black people could utilize to better their lives and make their impact in the growth of America (Fairclough, 2003). State Governments, especially the ones from the South that were very conservative The Act legalized affirmative action that gave black people equal rights to employment with the whites. Through this move, many ...

What will make a young man who has just completed higher education to migrate from the rural set up to an urban one? This movement of inhabitancy from one geographical area to another either on temporary or permanent basis is caused by different factors that are either personal or occupational among others. Soon after independence, the third world states migration from rural areas to urban centers has been on the increase citing difference in economic opportunities and natural conditions, for example, the climate, soils or relief. Thus people migrate as their response to this. The high and better level ...

On December 2, 2015, the usually peaceful city of San Bernardino in California went through turmoil as 14 of its residents were killed and 22 others seriously injured in what seemed to be an unprovoked terrorist attack. Although the suspect and his foreign-born wife were eventually subdued in a gunfight that ended in their deaths, another battle took place in court as the tech giant Apple and the FBI locked horns over the issue of prying into the contents of the gunman’s iPhone. What the investigation agency wanted was for Apple to write a code that would allow ...

In the light of the past terrorist attacks in Paris and the attacks on the Brussels Airport and the metro, experts have pointed out that the internet might have been involved in the planning and strategic plan out of the attacks. The terrorists had been planning on through online means, and jihadist talk had been exchanged over the internet. This called for some serious steps to be taken in order to control and check the kind of conversations and interaction people had in areas to see whether any extremist and terrorist agenda was being conveyed anywhere. With this in ...

Mathematics is the queen of sciences. It gives us a lot of things that successfully find their application in various scientific spheres but seem to be completely useless in ordinary daily life. One of such things is a matrix. Matrix helps us to solve differential equations, but one could say that its practical application looks rather vague. However, this statement is inaccurate. The aim of this paper is to discuss matrices and to observe their use in everyday life. For a start, let’s make a brief overview of matrices and their scientific applications. According to the textbook, a ...