(Author’s affiliation) Diabetes is a polygenic disease characterized by significantly higher levels of glucose in the blood. In this disorder, metabolic disorders lead to persistent thirst (polydipsia) and excessive level of urination (polyuria). Diabetes is caused by insulin-related disturbances in the body. In healthy human beings, pancreatic β cells have insulin that is found as a hexamer having three insulin dimers attached together by two central zinc ions. The insulin monomer has a 21-residue A chain as well as a 30-residue B chain. These chains are cross-linked by two disulfide bridges, i.e. CysA20-CysB19 and CysA7-CysB7. There is also a ...
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- How would propylthiouracil affect metabolic rate in a normal rat? Explain why.
It would decrease metabolic rate since propylthiouracil decreases the production of thyroid hormone (“Propylthiouracil,” n.d.).
- Explain the action of insulin on body cells.
Insulin acts on the body cells by promoting absorption of glucose from the blood stream to the body cells. This is done when insulin attaches to the insulin receptors in cells triggering a response that increases the levels glucose transporters (GLUT4) (Cartailler, n.d.).
- If the body is not producing enough insulin what happens to levels of that substance (your answer to ...
Question
Which of the samples of urine indicated kidney disease? Experimental Design This experiment aims at investigating the indications of kidney diseases using urine samples. This is by using Biuret reagents to identify proteins and Benedict’s solution to identify sugars in urine samples. Litmus papers were also used in the determination of the pH level of the urine samples.
Materials
The materials used in the experiment were: - Safety goggles - Eight test tubes - Hot water bath - Four urine samples labeled W, X, Y, and Z - Tape and pen/pencil ...
1. Overview
The peptide hormones are proteinous in nature and may have 3 to 200 amino acids residues. This class of hormones includes all the hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary, as well as insulin and glucagon of pancreas. Peptide hormones are named based on their endocrine activity rather than their chemical structure; for example, growth hormone is thus named because one of its effects is to stimulate growth. The structure of a particular peptide hormone can vary among different species, with some homology between close relatives. Some small peptides are identical; for example, GnRH is identical among mammals but different in ...