Essays on Doctrine

1 A I agree with Joh (2004)’s idea that there is a new silver platter doctrine in the making. Here, private cops now have the ability to present the “silver platter to local, state, and federal public policing agencies. Now, this doctrine focuses on the fact that private officials can turn over evidence to their federal counterparts without much regard to suppression even if the former obtained this information through illegal search processes. In essence, the doctrine does not allow public police agencies to conduct unreasonable search and seizure activities. Thus, all pieces of evidence obtained using this ...

Introduction

The Americans have been proud regarding the relationship of their military sector and the civilians throughout the history. One of the major reasons why United States takes pride to this relationship is the subordination of the military sector to the authority of the civilians. The military-civil relationship in the United States is based on the doctrine about the civilian control over the military. This doctrine states that the control over the strategic plans and decision-making processes which could generally affect the whole nation should be in the hands of the civilian leaders and not the military leaders. It has ...

Customer Name

Legal Positivism Under the direction of legal positivism understood in law, which advocates limited jurisprudence the task of studying the law in force with the formal dogmatic positions. The emergence of legal positivism refers to the first third of the XIX century and it was associated with the processes of approval of industrial capitalism in Western Europe. A crucial role is played by the processes of formation in the most developed countries of the national market, demanded the elimination of the vestiges of medieval particularism, expanding the scope of legal regulation of public relations and the establishment of a ...

Introduction

The doctrine states that occupation is supposed to take an undefined time and can be terminated by both the worker and the employer. The guideline has been applied historically by the courts in the interpretation of employment relationships. The employers and workers have been awarded unequal bargaining power. It causes criticism of the doctrine since the outcomes are seen to be harsh. The unions looked to, are seen as the certified employees’ representatives, thus trying to equalize the bargaining power. Various benefits are associated with the union powers such as job security and bonuses. With the acceptance of the “ ...

Introduction

Traditionally, employment relationships have generally been governed by the common law doctrine of employment at will. In the nineteenth-century American common law, the employment-at-will doctrine became the norm. The at-will-doctrine holds that unless the parties expressly agree in particular duration, the employment relationship can be served by either employer or the employee at any time and for any reason. According to the Bureau of Labour Statistics, however, there are major exceptions to Employment-at-Will including implied contract exception; policy exception and convention of good faith and fair dealing (Muhl, 2001). Employment at will is basically a voluntary and indefinite employment ...

Introduction

Performance in any organization is measured by the productivity and quality of services rendered to increase the profitability and ultimate success. The performance requires that individual job is directed towards the set goals of the entire organization, which address the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities identified during the analysis of organization situations. Employees’ aggressiveness and improved managerial efforts help yield good performance in any organization at all cost .It is therefore, important to review performance at appropriate moments to adjust the organization expectations.

Steps and Benefits of Performance Review

Performance Management It measures an individual’s efforts within the organization to yield the bottom-line-results; aiming ...

Is this a task best handled by the courts?

The task of deciding whether the laws enacted by the government are consistent with the rules in the constitution is best handled by the courts. The nature of the court system in the United States allows those sitting judges, especially in higher offices, to make decisions that are outside the bounds of party politics (Marbury V. Madison 137). This allows the decisions to remain within the framework of the law.

Would your answer be different depending on whether the judges in such courts were elected or appointed for life?

If judges were elected then they would not function as well in this role. This is because they would then be given the incentive to make decisions that will ...

12 Questions 1 - Environmental law is the set of laws and treaties which governs the limits to which the human actions affects the environment around us. We need environmental law because without it the worsening situation of our earth cannot be controlled and the state of our environment will worsen even more than the current state. Environmental lawyers are needed to uphold the environmental laws so that the prosecutors can be brought in front of the law and served the rightful justice. 2 - The environmental law was first formed in the year 1970. The section which is ...

The doctrine of the Trinity is unique to Christianity. It underpins Christian theology and is the most important doctrine of Christian faith and practice. The Trinity is difficult to explain and fully understand, as is to expected since we are human and can never truly understand the infinity and omnipotence of God. Yet, the Trinity is vital to Christian faith as it represents the nature of God, and it affirms the existence of Jesus and the Holy Spirit. According to Exodus 3:14 and Philippians 1:2, the Father is God, in John 8: 58 and Titus 2:13, we are told ...

Q. 1 Constructive possession implies that illegal drugs have been found to be in place over which one has control and knowledge, such as drugs being found a warehouse store owned by a trader. Actual possession, on the other hand, refers to a situation whereby illegal substances have been found in the person, hand, or container that an individual owns or control. An example is where drugs are found in one’s pockets. Knowing possession is where one possesses an illegal drug with knowledge that it is a prohibited substance. Mere possession is physical possession such as possession of ...

Introduction

Human society has been based on mere moral factors that are the basis of governing the behavioral aspect of any particular society. However, it is quite intriguing to look into the doctrine of doing and allowing and this basically narrows down to the moral threshold that has been set forth in any particular society. Therefore, this brings to light the concept of whether, there is a fatual difference between actually being the perpetrator and carrying out the particular act or being a mere observer and letting the particular harm escalate among the people. Moreover, based on the doctrine of ...

Introduction

In the 1800’s the European countries undertook an initiative to colonize different countries across the globe. The American states were not left behind in this quest by the European nations and as a result, their eagerness to colonize the American states faced opposition. This opposition led to the emergence of the Monroe doctrine in 1823 and it made provision that any effort by the European states to colonize any independent American state would be viewed as manifestation of unfriendly doctrine by the European states. It is important to note that the main reason for the emergence of this ...

Introduction

Digital archiving and preservation ensures that digital content remains in a format that is usable and accessible both in the present period and in the future. In the context of an organization, digital preservation is a process that involves planning, resourcing, and actual archiving using relevant technologies and applications. In the case of an institutional repository as this university, it is necessary to have policies and regulations that would guide the digital archiving and preservation program. Such policies would serve as a guide for the program while setting out its objectives. It is therefore necessary to have an evaluation ...

The case involves a guest of the hotel in Jamaica, where a guest was severely injured while working out in the fitness center of the hotel.  

Issues:

What jurisdiction and law should apply for the case? The jurisdiction and law that should apply here is the Jamaican law, in Jamaica. The US law in Miami cannot apply because, as stated in 28 U.S.C subsections 1391(a), a US court only has jurisdiction in such cases over the defendants where at least one defendant is domiciled in the particular judicial district. This principle has been affirmed in the case of Steven ...

Abstract

The United States Bill of Right is scattered in several Amendments of the Constitution due to the progressive developmental history of the U.S law and Constitution. Each amendment either introduced a new right or enhanced on the existing one. Of essence to my discussion, however, is the Due Process Clause was introduced in the American Bill of Rights by the Fourth Amendment to the U.S Constitution. As per the Amendment, no state should deprive any person his or her life, liberty, or property without following the due process of the law. In the Fifth Amendment, a similar stand was ...

It is difficult to make someone believe in something unprecedented, but the church was able to do it. It is difficult to keep the influx of non-believers, but the church was always doing so until the freedom of speech and thought, of course. Many simply believe, without even thinking about religion as such. Religion is a kind of reunion of the broken relationship with God, or lifestyle based on a belief in the supernatural power. Religious ideas, rules, basics are described in the sacred books, which allegedly have been dictated by God. Of course, no one can currently prove ...

Assignment 1

PART ONE Consequence management is the ability of the government to respond to and recover from a devastating terrorist attack or natural disaster. Response and recovery includes saving lives and diminishing property damage. The National Response Framework (“NRF”) sets forth America’s response doctrine, responsibilities and structures. The NRF provides a detailed guide as to how to respond to disasters, either natural, industrial, biological or civil unrest and terrorist attacks. Describing the manner in which communities are to respond to disasters, it sets forth the way in which a coordinated response can and should occur between first responders, decision ...

Georgia recognizes the doctrine of employment at will. Employment at will means that in the absence of a written contract of employment for a defined duration, an employer may terminate an employee for a good cause, bad cause, or no cause at all, so long as it is not an illegal cause . An employer cannot terminate an employee for discriminatory reasons, a breach of employment contract, or in retaliation for exercising their employee rights. Discriminatory reasons include race, color, sex, religion, national origin, etc. In order to better understand how at-will employment works, I will provide three different scenarios ...

Assignment 2: Employment-At-Will Doctrine

Abstract Employment-At-Will Doctrine states that states that an employee or an employer can decide to end the employment contract with or without a prior notification. A workplace has a lot of complications and requires some rules and regulations to govern it. Admittedly, there are some exceptions that limit the full application of the employment at will doctrine as the exceptions challenge it. The paper will expound three major exceptions including public policy exception, implied contract and the Implied Covenant of Good Faith and Fair Dealing. Additionally, a case scenario involving employees of a company and the bosses will be ...

Euthanasia, otherwise known as assisted suicide or “death with dignity” is an incredibly challenging topic from the medical perspective, the right for autonomy, and from the religious or ethical standpoint. Generally speaking, euthanasia is not legal in most countries throughout the world and although one could understand the complexity in the nature of the practice, there is something to be said when looking at it through the experience of an individual who feels as if his or her life is not one worth living. The Spanish film, “The Sea Inside” focuses on the life of a paraplegic man who ...

The debate on whether minors should be held in the same stature as adults for equal crimes is one that has been raging on for a long period. The debate is occasioned by the enticing argument that any form of societal and criminal misconduct should always be tackled by undertaking tougher punishments on offenders regardless of age. However, applying the same metric of punishment to juveniles as adults is not the solution. It is especially the case considering that research indicates that minors that receive adult sentences become more likely repeat offenders as opposed to those that go through ...

International Human Rights Law and Prisons in Africa

Term Paper 4500 words

Introduction

The International Centre for Prison Studies’ World Prison Brief, in its report suggested that over 10 million individuals are formally incarcerated in prison and correctional facilities around the world. According to the same Brief, even more are held in either military facilities where they are detained or in security or police facilities without any specific legal process underway. There are three categories that the United States’ (U.S). Government has for humanitarian and human rights concerns as they relate to these individuals who are housed in a detention facility that is; 1. unsafe in terms of ...

Philosophy Questions

1. Ross’ s Moral Theory is considered to stand between Kant’s strict deontological theory and theological theory of utilitarianism. According to the philosopher, there existed several prima facie duties that people had to hold in respect if they did not contradict one another. In case they conflicted, human’s intuition would help to make the right choice and find the weightiest and the most important duty. Ross stated that any prima facie obligation could be redefined by more important ones. While Kant saw all obligations absolute and exceptionless, Ross allowed maximization of the good as one of the ...

Business, Company and Conveyancing Law

Part B Q. 1 Salomon v Salomon & Co. Ltd. (1897) is a landmark case on the incorporation, features, and nature of companies. The case is important in the formation of businesses in some respects. Firstly, the significance of the case with regards to the formation of companies is that it introduced the principle of a company being a separate, autonomous, distinct or independent entity from the owners or even the promoters of the enterprise. This is important in that it shields the owners from any liability that may be incurred on behalf of the company about its creditors. Further, ...

The United States foreign policy during the Cold War was as much dependent on diplomatic efforts as much as it was related to both direct and indirect military conflict. The Cold War was a time when American practitioners of international relations thought deeply about what was the best and most effective way to deal with the existential threat of communist expansion.  Most notably the United States relied on an overall approach to foreign policy which relied on containment of communist expansion by supporting regimes which were friendly to the American cause of fighting the Soviet Union.  During the Vietnam ...

The primary objective for the formation of the European Economic Community (ECC) was to create a common market to enhance the achievement of a trading advantage over other Atlantic states. The member states hoped that the move would spur growth by promoting marketing scale and capitalizing on specialization among the member states. However, the ECC faced many technicalities when creating a common market due to lack of strategic decision-making structures and protectionist attitude adopted by members. It was especially difficult to remove barriers and enforce common trade regulation. For a common market to have some effect, freedom of capital, ...

– Bill of Rights is a kind of an informal document, which has a direct bearing on the Constitution. If one defines it more precisely, it can be said that it is the so-called first ten amendments to the US Constitution itself, which had been proposed by James Madison, which were related to the rights and freedoms of people. – John Adams became the first Vice President. After George Washington was declared the US president, Adams was appointed as Vice President and was re-elected to the same position for the second time in 1792 (Perman 18). He did a very hard ...

Chapter Reading Questions

Discuss the different approaches of the federal government toward the Plains Indians The different approaches that were taken towards the Plains Indians were (1) concentration, which is reducing the areas of land available to the Plains Indians. This would end with the Plains Indians living on reservations. (2) forced assimilation. The Plains Indians were forced to send their children to schools that indoctrinated them against their own heritage. This was done by forcing them to take the names of white people, punishing them for speaking their language, and making them dress and act like white children. They were also ...

886 F.2d 14 28 Fed. R. Evid. Serv. 823

v.

BUSCH ENTERTAINMENT CORPORATION, d/b/a Busch Gardens,

The Old Country, Defendant-Appellee No. 138, Docket 89-7378.

United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.

Argued Sept. 13, 1989.Decided Sept. 15, 1989

Summary

On August 23, 1986, Willie Mae Gray and her two daughters went to Busch Gardens, an entertainment park in Williamsburg. She boarded a small train and tumbled off and harmed herself. Busch Gardens representatives dispatched a medical aid group to the site and called an emergency to evacuate her for medical attention. One of Plaintiff's Daughters accompanied her to the hospital while the other went to record the incident with the nurse. The records ...

CONTENTS 1. Part I - Occupational Health and Safety Law 3 1.1. The UK Approach to Regulating Occupational Health and Safety 4 1.1.1. The Role of Legislation (Civil, Criminal and Administrative), other sources of law and recommendations 4 1.1.2. The Role of Law Enforcement and Specialized Agency 6 1.1.3. The Role of Courts 7 1.2. Comparison between the UK and the Brazilian approaches to OSH regulation 8 2. Part II – Management and its Impact on OSH 8 2.1. Administrative approach to management 9 2.2. Scientific management 9 2.3. Behavioral approach to management 10 2.4. Co-operative social systems approach 11 ...

Gender Difference and Complementarity according to Cloutier

Cloutier identifies the belief that men are superior to women because of cultural stereotypes. The cultural assumptions according to Cloutier could be drawn from the Bible where a woman was created as a helper. This implies that according to some beliefs, men and women are naturally different. Others according to Cloutier have the belief that the only reason why man needs woman’s help is for bearing children. However, as Cloutier argues, that the Western culture should no longer make people view women as inferior and created only for procreation. Since everyone is committed to the need for personal ...

19th Century Humanities

The Industrial Revolution During the 19th century, Europe was both divided and united profoundly, and a figure of the main cultural trends spread. After 1871, European countries were increasingly linked to the diplomatic communication and culmination in worldwide alliance networks. It was the century of nationalism expansion thus, people guarded identities jealously and established stricter border management. The European world was divided amid two regions of differential growth (Krech 15). Political liberalization and industrial revolution amendments spread fastest in France, Scandinavia, Western Europe, Britain, Italy, and Germany. Southern and Eastern Europe changed at a slow pace and in different ...

In any event, a contract has implied and express terms. Express terms are easy to decipher, and they constitute the substantive part of the contract. Often, contracts impute binding obligations to the parties and violation of any term attracts liability. Implied terms of a contract operate in the underground. In an event of a claim of infringement, the court has to analyze both express and implied terms of the contract. Often, courts allocate liability depending on what term of the contract is in violation. In a practical scenario, some terms are more relevant than others. In the past, courts ...

History is a source of knowledge. It is an exceptional chance to learn from someone’s experience, which is especially important when in to comes to studying leadership. World-famous intellectuals, like Galileo, Machiavelli, Charles Darwin and Karl Marx are the quintessence of unconditional leadership, as their innovative contributions to science, politics and economics made a significant impact on the course of history. Niccolo Machiavelli, a 16th century Italian diplomat and political thinker, wrote a revolutionary “The Prince” political treatise. Between the years 1498 and 1512 he served as a political analyst and a diplomat in Florence. That period is ...

Introduction and Thesis

Harry S. Truman is known as the 33rd President of the United States. He assumed the Presidency of the nation in April of 1945 when President Franklin Roosevelt died due to a stroke. He may not have desired to campaign and assume the Presidency of the United States, but his term in office ushered in a new age in the field of international relations, a new outlook on race relations in the country, and for the United States to assume a greater role in world politics as well.

Overview of the Presidency

Harry S. Truman had been in office as the Vice-President of ...

Briefing Paper 1

a.) The “act of state doctrine” provides that a court in the United States, cannot pass judgement on the actions of a foreign government taken within their own country or territory that it has jurisdiction over (Cheeseman, 2012). In essence, the doctrine bars U.S. courts from interfering in the domestic policy actions of another government in their own country. b.) Under a communist theory of the world, the government of Cuba did act ethically when it appropriately the Glens’ property. From an American perspective, the expropriation was not only ethically questionable but most likely illegal. Club Med, under the ...

Introduction

The notion of "nothing" is one of the most important and controversial concepts in the history of humankind. Its etymology is quite interesting for the consideration, as it can discover many different mysteries associated with the most important knowledge. In addition, the perception of this idea may be absolutely controversial, if one talks about it in the framework of religion and philosophy of the Western and the Eastern worlds. Nothing is everything, and at the same time, it is a lack of everything. This notion has a negative connotation; it denies everything to what it is opposed; moreover, it ...

Many times Jung found himself seeing strange dreams and visions of another world, full of darkness and emptiness. It reminded him the world of the dead, or the trip to the moon. These psychedelic experiences helped him to discover the depth of his imagination. Through the voyage to the unconscious, Jung draws the connection between religion, psyche and human consciousness. Under the psychic reality Jung understands the experience of human personal unconscious, that is, all its processes, in particular, instinct, imagination, as well as the energy that is present in human mind all the time, from birth to death, ...

Since 1945 the United States has been involved in more overseas conflicts then anytime since the first settlers arrived in the 1600’s. This paper will look at how and why the United States went from staying out of world affairs to being in the middle of all the major conflicts of the twentieth and twenty- first centuries. Since the Revolutionary War, America had elected to remain isolated from overseas conflicts. This was mostly because Americans wanted to see themselves as better than the Europeans (Independence Hall Association in Philadelphia). There was also the issue of choosing sides in ...

Introduction

In the present-day 21st era, sharing of the gospel is comprehended and acknowledged as a custom, fact, and right bestowing to each precise indulgent and its context. The society is comprised of diverse categories of individuals, different in their spiritual, ethnic, social, political, and economics settings. In such different situations, culture plays the most vital part in all features of human-associated life and in the function of sharing the gospel. This is an indication that every action ought to be arbitrated by culture and the process ought to be religion based understood, and considerate. Addressing the issue of gospel ...

Doctrine of Utilitarianism and Stem Cells

The use of stem cells has been a hotbed of debate for many years. Lawmakers, philosophers, theologians, scientists, and physicians all have their reasons as to whether or not we should or should not pursue the use of stem cells, as well as pursue stem cell research. We should, of course, continue to research stem cells and use them in any way that can manufacture better lives for humans based on simply on the Doctrine of Utilitarianism. Most of the controversy surrounding stem cell research and the use of stem cells surrounds morality. However, the Doctrine of Utilitarianism puts ...

In April 1898, the United States of America declared war on Spain. It lasted less than four months but resulted in the American victory and the completely new vision of the American position in the world. The 1898 Treaty of Paris brought Americans Puerto Rico, Philippines, Guam, the control over Cuba, and the expansion of U.S. power in both Americas. However, the official justifications for the beginning of the war seem to be contradictory with the main principles of the American foreign policies. This paper aims to discuss events preceding Spanish-American war. How did the United States justify its ...

In the 4th Century BC, Aristotle clearly stated that for a government to have an effective constitution, it must have in place three basic elements. These are a public assembly, various officers of the state and lastly a judicial department. One of the most famous quotes of John Adams is ‘power must never be trusted without a check’. This may be said to mean that in instances that an individual or an institution which is tasked with the authority to rule over a people should never be given the absolute authority to have the absolute authority. Institutions checking on ...

Question 1.

The Supreme Court of New South Wales is the highest court of the state, with the unlimited civil jurisdiction. The Court has appellate and trial jurisdictions, in addition to the jurisdiction granted by specific statutes. The Court acts as a supervisor over other NSW courts and tribunals. (Supreme Court NSW) Mental Health Review Tribunal is a non-judicial tribunal established under the Mental Health Act 2007 NSW. The Tribunal has a wide authority to conduct various inquiries in the field of mental health, issue orders, hear appeals regarding the treatment of people with a mental illness. The Tribunal has the ...

Christian Faith and Career Counselling

Career Counselling: A Holistic Approach Vernon G. Zunker's book, ‘Career Counselling: A Holistic Approach' is a good resource book for career counseling programs. The book is in its ninth edition and gives valuable insight to career counselors on the current job market and the various external and internal factors that can influence career development. Globalization and its effects is a major factor to be considered by any individual and more so a career counselor. The book addresses these concerns in addition to the current economic, social trends that impact the workplace and the workforce (Zunker, 2014). The book's main ...

The case is about Gerald who had a health insurance cover that had an 80/20 copayment arrangement. When Gerald received a surgery bill of $950, he wanted to ascertain that the insurance company actually paid $760 or 80% of the total bill. A copayment plan requires patients to pay a portion of their medical bill in accordance with a pre-agreed ratio (Chang, 2014). Upon investigation, Gerald discovered that the insurance company had negotiated for a discount and their part of the bill was only $374. However, Gerald Copayment of 20% was still based on the original fee and not ...

Intro

Basically, the idea that the world is not a random and chaotic mass of things, but a harmoniously ordered unity exists in accordance with certain laws at the heart of the Buddhist philosophy. The Dharma is the universal and eternal order that preserves and retains the integrity of the world. That is why the Dharma is a key concept in the complex system of Buddhism. The Dharma is the way and the law at the same time. It is a way to improve and complete enlightenment. If one analyzes this concept literally and in more detail, it becomes evident ...

Introduction

Organizations have their regulations which they use to control the conducts of employees. Additionally, governments have policies that establish the legal frameworks within which organizations should operate. In the face of the law, different organizations have different treatments. Some organizations are treated as separate entities where employers do not bear any legal responsibility for the organization and its employees. However, some principles like the Respondeat Superior provide that employers are answerable to the actions of their employees which violate the legalities of the establishment of the organization (Thornton, 2010). Under this doctrine as reinforced by the US Supreme Court ...

Introduction

Organizations have their regulations which they use to control the conducts of employees. Additionally, governments have policies that establish the legal frameworks within which organizations should operate. In the face of the law, different organizations have different treatments. Some organizations are treated as separate entities where employers do not bear any legal responsibility for the organization and its employees. However, some principles like the Respondeat Superior provide that employers are answerable to the actions of their employees which violate the legalities of the establishment of the organization (Thornton, 2010). Under this doctrine as reinforced by the US Supreme Court ...

The “exclusionary rule” is one of the most important elements of United States criminal procedure law, but it is not found in the Constitution. Indeed, the exclusionary rule is a court created procedure that allows a judge to declare inadmissible any testimony or evidence presented at trial that was result of or otherwise obtained in violation of the Bill of Rights’ Fourth, Fifth, or Sixth Amendments. In other words, while the basis of the exclusionary rule is the Constitution, it is not a constitutional right. Rather the exclusionary rule was created as a means for the court to prevent ...

Abstract

Battles are either won or lost because of a commander’s decision. As a leader of his team, the commander is the central authority when it comes to the military decision making process. But underlying these decisions are his subordinates who are often tasked with making plans and course of actions. These courses of actions are often laid-out by subordinate officers, which make them highly influential in the outcome of a commander’s decision. Over the years, standard procedures have been developed and observed when making decisions in the military. Of particular interest is the seven decision-making steps outlined ...

The article “A Brief History of Medical Diagnosis and the Birth of the Clinical Laboratory”, by Darlene Berger, is an interesting read, which thoroughly explores the subject at hand. This article, which is Part 1 in a series of four articles, discusses medical advances from. “Ancient times through the 19th century.” Berger makes very succinct observations about advances in medicine and the advent of the clinical laboratory. She does an excellent job of objectively discussing many of the important discoveries in medical history, providing stirring examples of success and of failure in the context of medical history, and cites ...

One of the most important features of Obama’s approach to foreign policy is the fact that he is ready to act contrary to conventional assumptions about what are the national interests of the United States of America and what is its role in the world. Obama disagrees with the notion that the USA is or should be a world policeman that controls the order and renders justice in all the parts of the globe. The American president is aware that the resources that the biggest economy in the world possesses, nevertheless, are not limitless. This is why it ...

There were a number of cases brought before the Supreme Court of the United States in relation to racial discrimination. In Brown vs. Board of Education, the Supreme Court in the United States declared that it was unconstitutional to continue practicing state laws which separated public schools for Black and White students. The decision ruled that such state laws were a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. On the contrary, Plessy vs. Ferguson the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the state laws that supported racial segregation, especially in public facilities. These laws became practical ...

Introduction

In November 1960, the Republicans lost the presidential election, and a Democratic Party candidate John Fitzgerald Kennedy became the president of the United States. A relatively young man (43 years), he represented a new generation of American politicians. Veterans of the war years, a generation embodied by Dwight Eisenhower, were to leave the politics in the US. In the Soviet Union, a “war generation” remained in power until the mid-1980s. In France, Germany, and other countries of the Western Europe the same generation continued to reign. The Kennedy team was to revise the postulates of the military-political line of ...

The end of World War II ushered in a new era in international policy. After the Axis powers were defeated, the world became polarized between two competing camps: the democratic capitalists, and the authoritarian communists. The first twenty years after the war were especially critical, as various US presidents sought to implement policies to contain the threat of the spreading red nations, which no world leader had seen before. Important policies such as the Truman Doctrine, New Look, and Flexible Response were created to protect American interests, though they at times differed from each other. Presidents Truman, Eisenhower, and ...

Ethical dilemmas are surely inevitable components of the counseling profession. Throughout their careers counselors are facing with various complicated moral choices that unconditionally need the common sense and profound reflection. Before taking any serious decisions, every counselor should take into consideration that the same ethical standard could differently manifest itself in a variety of everyday situations. Those dilemmas are aimed to test counselor’s reserve and prove that definitive resolution will surely eventuate far beyond the office door. Of course, it is very useful to have the appropriate resources, knowledge and skills while confronting any ethical dilemma. However, more ...

Darwin’s Nightmare is a movie about several inhabitants’ version of survival and trying to become successful. The movie takes place in Tanzania. Tanzania is in the eastern part of Africa that is located between Kenya and Mozambique. Presently the population in Tanzania is 51,045,882. In the film, the nickname for Tanzania was “fish country. This is an appropriate name because the region where Tanzania is located has the second largest lake in the world (Agency, 2016). The country is also known for fishing, and agriculture. One of the main sources of income is the fish that ...

Find and properly cite a case in which the taxpayer and the IRS disagreed as to whether the taxpayer was bound by the terms of a closing agreement entered into in connection with a prior audit.  Answer: United States v Booker 543 US 220 (2005) Find and properly cite a case decided after the year 2000 in which a Big 4 accounting firm litigated the issue of whether either (i) its work papers or (ii) its communications with a client were protected from discovery by the IRS (i.e., the IRS had issued a summons to the accounting firm). Also ...

The second synod of Orange is famous due to its deep consideration of some typical problems for the medieval man‘s perception of the world. First of all it relates to the basic contradiction between the independent human mind and the Almighty God’s predestination. In other words, writing basic points of the synod theologians tried to find some simple and obvious conception of the human free will, its abilities, limits and its importance for the main goal of everyone – Salvation of the eternal soul. The deciding opinion of most disputants, as Mozley notes, took into account the doctrine ...