Essays on Electromagnetic Radiation

Hacking into a PC even if one’s own; has become considerably ingenious and requires a simple matter of following instructions even if the user is not giftedly skillful. There are also more than a few ways in which this hacking could be carried out, and all that’s needed is access to the right soft wares that could get the job done. The Lazy Method requires the use of a CD with a live .iso file, and all that remains is the booting of the file from the CD. The second method involves the breaking of the password ...

Ultraviolet light (UV light) is a type of electromagnetic radiation that is located between visible light and X-rays in the electromagnetic spectrum. It is invisible to the human eye, and has a frequency greater than that of visible light but lesser than X-rays. It has a wavelength ranging from about 10 nm to 400 nm (ISO, 2007). UV light is a part of the radiation that comes from the sun. It can also be produced artificially by electric arcs, black lights, tanning lamps and mercury vapor lamps. The name Ultraviolet literally translates to “beyond violet”, as it has a ...

Radiography can be defined as the science of making film records from X-rays, also known as radiographs of the human body’s internal anatomy, by exposing a film that has been sensitized to electromagnetic radiation to the body. It is with these photographs that a record is made out of the findings which are used for examination in the diagnostic processes (Hertrich, 2005). It was formally referred as ‘plain’ X-rays but was switched to the use of electromagnetic radiation because it is the suitable general term that covers the other types of medical imaging like ultrasound. Radiography is usually ...

Introduction

Interactions between atmospheric energy and matter and with the surface of the earth play an important role in remote sensing. There is a constant interaction between the surface of the earth, electromagnetic radiation and the atmosphere. This interaction determines the spectral areas through which remote sensing can be done (Bucholtz, 1995, 2769). Electromagnetic radiation is propagated via the earth's atmosphere at the speed of light once it has been generated. Since the earth's atmosphere is not a vacuum, it has a different impact on the wavelength, spectral distribution, speed and direction of radiation.

Scattering

One of the results obtained for ...

Question 1

The solar system is situated in the outer reaches of the Milky Way Galaxy. The Milky Way Galaxy is a spiral way and is made up of over two hundred billion stars. The Milky Way Galaxy has many arms which are named for the constellations seen in those directions. Examples of the spiral arms within the Milky Way galaxy include the Sagittarius arm, Centaurus arm, Perseus arm, Cygnus arm and the Orion Spur arm. Our solar system is located in a spiral arm that is called the Orion Spur. The Orion Spur is named after the constellation “Orion the hunter”. The ...

Introduction

Spectrophotometry refers to a method that is employed in the determination of the amount of light that is absorbed by a chemical substance. In chemistry, the term spectrophotometry refers to the determination of the reflection or transmission characteristics quantitatively material through a function of wavelength (NIST, 2012). The spectrophotometry analysis is carried out through the light intensity determination as a beam of light passes through a tube containing the sample solution. The process of analyzing solution concentration using spectrophotometer utilizes the fact that light possesses a dual nature. This is where the light may exist either as particle or as a wave (Keller, 2003). Basically, ...

Methods of Heat Transfer

Conduction The first method through which heat is transferred from one object to another is conduction. Conduction occurs in liquids and solids through transfer of kinetic energy present in one particle to the immediate particle(s) in its surrounding. By considering the bonds existing between atoms and molecules in solids as elastic links, the vibration of one particle due to increase energy level caused by heat, the next in its line vibrate too. This process is replicated in adjacent particles thereby allowing transfer of thermal energy from a body with a higher temperature as compared to the one with low ...

Forewords

The universe is a collection of different galaxies; stars and planets and earth is part of it. The earth is also one of the planets in the solar system comprising the sun and nine other planets. The central part of the solar system is the sun while the earth and other planets in the solar system revolve around it. The earth as a gigantic structure but in the actual sense, it is infinitesimal in comparison with the solar universe. The universe has many galaxies, and the Milky Way galaxy is one of that many galaxies in the universe. The name "Milky ...

Stars begin their lives from molecular clouds or nebula of gases and dust. These gases and dusts exert forces to each other that make them want to move farther away from each other while at the same time there is gravity that attracts them together into a small space within the nebula. The chemistry which starts the star’s life begins when gravity starts winning in the war between the two aforementioned opposing forces. As gravity pulls the dust and clouds together it begins to accumulate mass and a swirling motion typical to a spinning disc. At its center are dusts (NH3, ...

Introduction

One of the most important part of protein assay is the determination of protein concentration. There are diverse methods used for protein concentration determination, but the most widely used are the spectroscopic methods of analysis or spectroscopy. Spectroscopy usually involves the determination between the correlations of the degree of interaction of light with the analyte, which is the proteins in this particular experiment. There are different types light to analyte interactions and one of these is the absorbance of light or electromagnetic radiation by the analyte. This type of spectrometry is called absorbance spectrometry.

Principle involved in absorbance spectrometry and spectrometers

The majority of substances absorb ...

The sun is about 864000 miles wide and filled with sweltering hot gases. Hydrogen is the most abundant element present in the Sun, composition of the Sun by its constituent mass is 71% hydrogen (H), 27% helium (He) and 2% other heavier elements. Inside the Sun the gravitational pull compresses the gases, and increase the temperature and pressure at the core. (CAIN, F., 2009) The temperature is about 10000°F on the surface and more than 28 million degrees Fahrenheit at the core of the sun. The pressure at the core of the sun is 250 billion times the ...

IR and UV

Infrared Radiation (IR) or radiant energy is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum encompassing short wavelengths than microwaves and longer wavelengths than the color red. The frequency (ν), wavelength (l) and the velocity (c), and the medium it is traversing are the important attributes of IR. IR is usually discussed in terms of frequency as the velocity and wavelength vary depending on the materials. Few molecules in the air absorb IR energy; however, the absorbed energy is not absent as the energy separates the molecules as IR in an unsystematic direction. The velocity of infrared rays is equivalent to the ...

Introduction

Physics is an abstract field of science that influences our lives in more ways than we can imagine. From waking up every morning, to the water we drink; from driving to work, to the music we listen to; from the internet, to the cell phones that we use so often, physics governs all their basic operating principles. Many natural phenomena throw questions whose answers lie deep in physics. Why are lightning flashes so spectacular? How long does it take for light from a star to reach us? How is a rainbow formed? What causes a boomerang to swirl back? Many of these ...

In the modern world, teenagers have increased their use of cell phones leading to an addiction. Teenagers are using their cell phones for texting messages, taking pictures, accessing social media, playing games, and listening to music among others. As a result, they remain glued to their phones all the time. There are various ways in which cell phones can impact negatively to the health of teenagers. Apart from adversely affecting their health, cell phones are attributed to the way teenagers behave and act around people. By contrast, cell phones can be helpful to teenagers in many ways. As a result, teenagers ...

Cell phones have become inseparable component of human life and it is beyond imagination to live without them in today’s fast life. Cell phones play very significant role in personal as well professional life. If there are advantages of cell phones, they also have a number of disadvantages. People today have started suffering from a number of diseases that affect human body and brain in a severe manner. Today, we are living in an environment that is full of electromagnetic radiation. This EMR is created by various electrical and electronic devices. These devices have become necessary part of our daily ...

Electromagnetic radiations are regions of energy that are constantly present in the terrestrial environment. These radio signals may have artificial or natural origins. Natural electromagnetic radiation origins are usually cosmic or atmospheric while artificial ones result from technological applications, communications or power transmissions (Bianchi & Meloni, 2007). The main difference between natural and manmade radio signals is the source. Natural radio signals may be produced by the sun, from extra-terrestrial nuclear activity or from terrestrial sources such as radioactive decay (Bianchi & Meloni, 2007). Some natural radio signals are created by interaction between waves and particles from outer space with ...

Mobile devices have become the face of communication especially in the 21st century. Mobile is a multi-trillion industry that surpasses pharmaceuticals thanks to a considerable lobbying arm. Scientific studies that have been conducted in relation to phone safety have resulted in differing conclusions in respect to humans. Funding for such research projects originate from a number of sources which cannot be ascertained if affiliated to the industry or not.

INTRODUCTION

As the social media platforms are evolving the benefits are replicated everywhere in the industry. Mobile devices have received a wide range of applications ranging from healthcare, education, transportation, business and even social perspectives. ...

The urbanization and globalization of our lives have changed the way we look at and feel about spaces; landscaping and man's mastery of our environment has allowed us to shape it according to our will. The introduction of technology has furthered this ability to create and change the way we interact with the world around us; GPS, Foursquare, Google Maps and other social networking and electronic media heavily shape how we move through a space and interact with it. My goal is to create a project that brings out the connections between technological advances and our movement through landscapes, linking the ...

Introduction

Honeybees which have its origin based in South East Asia came into USA via European settlers in 1600s. Honeybees are extensively used in the US for the production of honey and pollination of a wide-ranging variety of farm grown crops including vegetables, fruits and nuts. But in recent times starting from around 2006, honeybee populations in the US have dwindled by 70% and the afflicted colonies showcase similar uncanny symptoms of a consistent reduction of worker bees. Since the sustenance of hives without worker bees is not possible, eventually all the bees including the queen and brood die. The collapse of ...

- Toxicology With the help of an electron microscope, it becomes possible to carry out a detailed study of the toxic lesions in order to understand the toxicological events. - Electron Tomography and Sub-cellular Structure Electron tomography is a technique which is used to visualize and investigate the three-dimensional structural information about the sub-cellular macromolecular specimens. It is a three-dimensional electron microscopy technique used for sub-cellular imaging.

Principles of Function

- Electrostatic Interactions In an electron microscope, electrostatic and electromagnetic lenses are used to selectively control and focus the electron beam to generate images. In atoms, with the increase in atomic ...

Bader Alanazi

Chemistry 101, Section 7 TA: Hannah 03 / 19 / 2013

Introduction

Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation that also includes microwaves and radio waves. Light energy is made up of photons which shows the properties of a wave in that they oscillate up and down as they move through space (Fritzsch, 2005). The main factor that separates the different types of electromagnetic radiations is that each of them has a different wavelength. For instance, the visible light is comprised of radiation with wavelengths ranging from 400 to 700 nm. The difference in these wavelengths is perceived by the human ...

The urbanization and globalization of our lives have changed the way we look at and feel about spaces; landscaping and man's mastery of our environment has allowed us to shape it according to our will. The introduction of technology has furthered this ability to create and change the way we interact with the world around us; GPS, Foursquare, Google Maps and other social networking and electronic media heavily shape how we move through a space and interact with it. My goal is to create a project that brings out the connections between technological advances and our movement through landscapes, linking the ...

The urbanization and globalization of our lives have changed the way we look at and feel about spaces; landscaping and man's mastery of our environment has allowed us to shape it according to our will. The introduction of technology has furthered this ability to create and change the way we interact with the world around us; GPS, Foursquare, Google Maps and other social networking and electronic media heavily shape how we move through a space and interact with it. My goal is to create a project that brings out the connections between technological advances and our movement through landscapes, linking the ...

Cell phone use has effects and impacts in the long run when health and risks are concerned. Studies have shown that there are effects that are associated with the use of cell phones. There is some amount of electromagnetic radiations that are emitted by all cell phones. This is a point of concern with the way in which mobile phones are used with a close proximity to the head while they are being used. The main point of contention is the amount of radiation that can be considered to be safe and that one which can be considered to be harmful ...