Essays on Enlightenment

While the concept of race is today clearly recognized as fictitious, the term itself has taken an altogether new reality as a cultural denotation. More specifically, the culture of racism is largely influenced by geopolitical imagination and socio-political antagonism. The new political order referred to as “Empire” is a social frame work that posits “the inferiority of an “Other” based not in biology but in cultural differences and their insurmountability” (Semati, 257). Semati argues that ‘Brown’, once signified exoticism, but refers to menacing ‘Other’ today. The Brown in this case (in Semati’s article) refers to the Muslims of ...

Introduction

As described in Fordham.edu, the given men desired a society where no one in society, state, or the world at large should let their personal ambitions infringe on the freedoms and well-being of the other.

What Is Best For Society According To These Men?

Montesquieu in describing what is best for the society he stated that there are three types of power in every government. The three types of power include the executive, the judiciary, and lastly the legislative power. He described an ideal society as one where there is political liberty. According to him, liberty involves a tranquility of mind of the subject. In particular, Voltaire: Patrie ...

Kantianism is an ethical theory developed by the German philosopher, Immanuel Kant. The theory focuses on the correctness or wrongness of the actions themselves, as opposed to the correctness or wrongness of the consequences of those actions or the disposition of the actor (Holzhey and Mudroch 35). Kant's ethics further hold that people are bound to an ethical duty by universal ethical rules. Therefore, to act right in accordance with Kant's ethics would be motivated by appropriate universal principles that treat everyone as an end rather than just a mere means. The philosopher further asserts that being motivated by ...

Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper was published in 1892. The story introduces a candid female protagonist who’s isolation from society, and from her writing, drives her insane. Written from a first person perspective, the story allows the reader to become personally involved with the narrator. Gilman uses symbolism throughout the story, two examples of which are the wallpaper and the wallpaper pattern. The story reveals interesting clues about how mental illness was treated at the time, and how women in particular were repressed by society. Through the use of a first person narrator and symbolism, Gilman ...

Introduction

In more ways than one, the conceptualized constructs demarcating the means by which money exchange takes place within the contemporary world economy are profuse than they might actually appear. The ideology of a contemporary capitalism culture can be split two ways; the thinking of a financializer versus that of a technologist. This paper will take on a triangulation approach at trying to deconstruct the ideals of contemporary capitalism. By cross-referencing different theorizations, the two loudly acclaimed arrangements of abstraction – financialization and technological abstraction – shall be extrapolated and used to establish the actual stand concerning the doctrine of capitalism today.

Financialization

...

Emmanuel Kant describes enlightenment as a situation of self-awareness where an individual emerges from self-imposed immaturity. Thus, this state marks a transition from darkness to awareness, and it comes with freedom. Moreover, Kant regards immaturity as a complete inability of an individual to use his conscience or understanding without the intervening guidance of another person (Deligiorgi, 2005). A clear lack of resolve and courage precipitates to the denial of personal freedom, but an affliction on others for sole guidance. Principally, Kant’s assertion about enlightenment is entrenched on having the courage to use personal understanding and courage to dispense ...

Essay 1.

The universal formula of the categorical imperative is an objective law which proceeds from a subjective maxim – action and will. That is, when a given ethical consideration presents itself, a person must ask whether the action of his will agrees with nature (Kant 38). By its definition, the categorical imperative is the basis of duty. By nature, Kant means that which is objective, and that which exists as a part of nature – abiding by the laws of nature (Kant 38). Kant continues by stating that in ethical considerations, or duty, one must act subjectively through one’s will to ...

Introduction

Ethics came from the Greek word ‘ethos,’ or character. In the modern context, ethics refer to the study of normative behavior. It is commonly understood as standards of behavior that ought to be followed under certain circumstances and the moral reasoning behind such actions. Ethics does not necessarily make people do good; nor is it an attribute that is only exclusive for good people. In fact, there are good people that exhibit unethical behavior, especially when under pressure. Professor and author, Denis Collins, for instance, observed that there are many good individuals who engage in unethical behavior because they ...

Recently, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of maritime employment disputes (Washington 844). My client wants to terminate her employment contract with Barbossa and return to Port Royal, something that has been opposed by her employer. I am initiating a lawsuit against Barbossa on behalf of my client for the following reasons. Barbossa has failed to honor international maritime employment policies, which are clearly stipulated in the employment contract (Donn 35). This has made Elizabeth to grow disillusioned with her job on the Pearl. Refusal by the company to terminate her contract violates her rights all ...

JEWISH IDENTITY IN HISTORY AND MODERNITY2

1. The Sacrifice of Isaac by Rembrandt..2 2. Jewish Torah scroll..3 3. A Sephardic family celebrates the Passover4 4. Jews in the Middle Age..4 5. The origins of anti-Semitism..5 6. Abraham Geiger tries to change Judaism..5 7. Hirsch and Frankel oppose Judaism reformation..6 8. Jewishness and anti-Semitism7 9. Jews are always guilty7 10. Jews come back to their promised land8 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE EXHIBIT9

Works cited10

I. SECTION LABEL The exhibit Let my people go: Jewish identity in history and modernity is dedicated to a longsuffering way of Jews who have been struggling for their identity for centuries while living ...

Introduction

This report is a critical analysis of an ethical dilemma in the workplace. It will include the evaluation of the facts of the case in order to establish the fundamental issues and matters at stake. From there, a review of the fundamental theories of the situation will be conducted. This will culminate in the identification of the different approaches and views. Afterward, there will be the application of the theories to the facts of the case in order to conclude with recommendations on how to deal with the issues at hand. This will include the review of important theories ...

Bacon’s tale of the New Atlantis is a “blueprint” of the results of the Christian Reformation and Luther’s new view on how Christianity should be interpreted and understood. In addition, Bacon lived at the beginning of the Renaissance - a time of “new” change, change in thought, beliefs, and enlightenment. In particular, Bacon created an ideal world to reflect this “new world” blueprint, showing both the highs and lows of such a new world. This essay is a literary review of The New Atlantis (1627). To complete this review the following literary elements will be used: tone, ...

Psychology is a unique science that deals with human personal and social problems. This field of study has a lot of different directions. In order to have the scientific findings organized in a logical manner, there are different themed psychological scientific journals that publish articles on relevant topics. This paper examines two articles from different journals. The first article is «Gender typing in stepmothers: A phenomenological analysis» by Gosselin, J., & Rousseau, K. (2012) published in Qualitative Research Journal. The second article is «Parenting and academic socialization as they relate to school readiness: The roles of ethnicity and family income» ...

Utilitarianism can be described as a moral look and defined by consequentialism. It is an ethical theory which states that maximization of utility results in the best action. The utility can be described in different ways, and it mostly terms the well-being of the human beings. According to Jeremy Bentham, who is the founder of utilitarianism, the utility is the addition of all pressure resulting from an action; deduct the suffering of an individual involved in an action (Brian, 1957). The consequences of the action can either be good or bad, and utilitarianism insists of equality interests. Both Bentham ...

Abstract

A nurse is likely to face different worldviews constantly in their line of work. Such worldviews are often shaped by different religious and cultural beliefs. The question of euthanasia for patients with terminal illnesses lends itself to different worldviews and interpretations. George’s condition of ALS has forced him to consider euthanasia. From, a Christian standpoint, this choice is wrong because only God the Creator has the authority over life and death. Also, Buddhism does not favor euthanasia. The question of the causes of sickness also lends itself to religious interpretation. Christian interpretations are varied. One view is that ...

Part 1.

Ancient civilizations are famous for their innovations and fast technology development, specifically, when talking about the Ancient Egypt and Rome. The base line of my dissertation concerns the required innovations in the financial industry, thus in this paper I will refer to the innovative management approaches in the Ancient Egypt. However, prior to analyzing their methods and approaches it is important to take into account the fact that religion was dominant over civil authorities in the Ancient times. Therefore, most of their laws and management decisions were also based on the religious norms or dictated by the priests. “The ...

According to Berger (1977), editorials are articles written to reflect the opinions of the newspaper and the majority stakeholders of the newspaper. Rocco & Hatcher (2011), therefore, provided the guidelines for this essay.

Editorial for The Voice of Enterprise: What the Critics Won’t Tell You

We at The Voice of enterprise support the government’s pipeline project that will not only go a long way in meeting the country’s petroleum needs but also generate additional revenue through export of the surplus oil and natural gasses. The government is proposing to construct a 2000 km crude oil pipeline that will traverse from the mines in the remote frontier through the largely uninhabited ...

While the resulting dominance of European powers over persons in the areas with which they came into contact was acceptable, the effects of global trade on societal norms of Europe were unprecedented. In other words, just as the Triangle Trade influenced Europe’s place in the world, it also affected its interior societal makeup. The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West highlights the three steps that led to the Age of Revolutions: Commercial Revolution, Scientific Revolution, and Enlightenment (5mins).The Commercial Revolution posed the first threat to European traditions by debunking the ideologies of birthrights as the source ...

Positive discrimination is a phenomenon which is aimed at targeting and acting in favor of those groups of people which have been actively discriminated against in the past. Hence it can be named as the policy which allows providing such individuals with benefits and advantages because they had been deprived of them in the past. The premise for positive discrimination is not favoritism or nepotism rather it is an action which is allowed only to those who have suffered from the act’s deprivation in the past, due to their gender, race or disposition at that particular time. Therefore, ...

In the mid-nineteenth century classical school of political economy was in crisis, as its theory was based on the interpretation of cost values and could explain some of the pressing problems of the economy. The weakest point of the classical school was that it was poorly focused on the subject-user, for which production takes place. The opinion of the classical school was confined to the manufacturer. An exit of the crisis was found by the marginalists. This direction of economic thought emerged in the last third of the XIX century in the center of this system is subject to ...

Positive discrimination is a type of affirmative action intended to equalize the disadvantage that minority groups have previously experienced. It centers on the idea that justified discrimination is required in certain circumstances in order for minority groups and individuals to gain equality in society. While both Kant and Aristotle would argue against positive discrimination, Kant would do so based on his principle of morality, whereas Aristotle would base his argument on the fairness of the outcome. Kant had firm ideas concerning the differentiation between principled and unprincipled policies. Kant argues that proper political thinking should start by confirming two ...

Introduction

The primary purpose of philosophy is to clarify and refine the human thought processes so that the state of affairs and hence the reality of the world are clear. As such, philosophical problems are a failure to come up with the explanations of things that happen in the environment and by extension in the world. Philosophy is critical in refining the human's basic concepts that are applied to understand the reality. Just like in other sciences that are driven by the experimentations in the search for the truth, philosophy is informed by the questions that cannot be easily answered ...

Ethical Issues

Human trafficking is a worldwide problem. For all practical purposes, this activity is nothing but a form of modern slavery. Every year, about 21 million people are caught up in human trafficking from about 130 countries around the world. Without a doubt, this is a serious issue given that it violates human rights that the United Nations takes very seriously - and should. While this pertains mostly to women who are sold into prostitution while also involving children and young boys as well who are coerced into forced labour as well. Given the atrocities around the world, the purpose ...

The Hippocratic Oath is a sacred oath taken by all healthcare professionals, one which underscores their responsibility for the privacy of their patients. However, there are circumstances where this privacy must be breached. Even the modernized version of the Hippocratic Oath makes little mention of such circumstances (Tyson, 2001, p. 6). Moreover, such privacy violations can be justified with sound reasoning derived from philosophic theories. In cases of patients who are diagnosed with HIV, the healthcare professional also has a responsibility for public health. According to Thiroux & Krasemann (2015), physicians are charged with the responsibility to inform the spouses ...

In the year 2001, the Enron Corporation, an American energy company, went bankruptcy due to lack of proper and misguided information. This contributed to the firm failure and largest bankruptcy recognized in American history by the year 2002. This affected stock market and hence stakeholders and employees received limited returns. The Stuart Mill’s theory of Utilitarianism explains the doctrine of having right actions if they are meant and useful and benefit the majority (Sellars, 2016). I believe Mill’s theory and philosophy. Regarding the Enron 2002 scandal, the theory relates to the actions taken by the management of ...

John Locke’s Theories of Knowledge

An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding Outline (Bennett, 2004) I. Of the Origin of Ideas

Perception and Senses- Hume detailed the difference between what the mind perceives and how a person actually feels.

Limitlessness of the Human Imagination- The human mind’s capability of imagining has no bounds. II. Skeptical Doubts Concerning the Operations of the Understanding

Two Kinds of Human Enquiry- The natural division of the human reason.

Relations of Ideas- These are ideas that are already certain and established (e.g. Arithmetics). Matters of Fact- These are ideas that still have room for contradictions (e.g. it will snow tomorrow).

Cause and Effect Relation- This is where all human enquiries are founded upon.

Past Experiences- Hume discusses how the human’s idea of the future is anchored upon experiences from the past. III. Skeptical Solutions of these Doubts- Human’s will only be ...

Buddhism, like all the other Eastern religions, originated from “Animism”, which is the belief that everything in the universe has an essence, a spirit or a soul. As a way of life, it is similar to the other religions in promoting morality, generosity, kindness, harmony, and respect for all living beings including mother nature. Alike Hinduism, Buddhism believes in the following: 1. Reincarnation, wherein the soul is reborn into another body based on the level of spiritual attainment from the previous life. 2. Karma, which is either the positive or the negative effects of an individual’s actions. 3. ...

Health Care Provider and Faith Diversity: First Draft

Health Care Provider and Faith Diversity Abstract During delivery of healthcare services, providers come across varied cultures and population of patients. Provision of health care requires the nurses to take care of their patients, not only for their medical needs but also for their spiritual and cultural needs. It means that a broad understanding of different cultures and faiths is required if one is to become a nurse or a healthcare provider. This paper analyzes two different religions, Christianity and Buddhism, along with the author’s own spiritual beliefs, and assesses their respective views regarding illness, prayer, medical care ...

Europe’s history, especially in the colonial and imperial periods created new connections and networks between parts of the world. European expansion starting the in the sixteenth century led to its expansion into the Americas and the concurrent creation of the slave trade of entirely new populations in the imperial periphery. Additionally, in the nineteenth century with the so-called “Scramble for Africa” meant that Europe had new colonies on the continent itself. With the process of decolonization this meant that these populations both from the Americas especially the Caribbean could migrate into the European metropole. This created an African ...

Lily-Love Toppar

Cornell University, Country in Arial 9 Roxanne Grenier North America Abstract As of 2014, 38 million people worldwide have been driven out of their own homes by internal instabilities, armed conflict, and outbreaks of violence. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) alone accounts for 2.8 million internally displaced persons (IDPs). In response, relief-driven charitable practices have consequently created a condition of permanent impermanence, perpetuating the problem of dependency, unemployment, and instability. This forced movement of culturally and geographically heterogeneous groups evokes questions of housing stability: How does migration impact the social, economic, and political standing of the refugees? Given ...

Philosophy

With the advent of the Scientific Revolution, there was an increased level of comfort in the society which led to probing the ancient notions or the beliefs that were long held by the majority. A majority of philosophers started giving out their own opinions about a variety of subjects like politics, government, social order, economics, and religion among others. The Era of Enlightenment started with this new found curiosity about scholarly or philosophical opinion becoming popular in the entire Europe. The Enlightenment Era was a time period in the 18th century Europe, which was a movement where philosophers applied ...

John Locke wrote ‘The Letter Concerning Toleration’ among all people. At the time, there were diversities exhibited by people especially in matters regarding religions and faith. The letter called for toleration, bearing that Catholicism was taking root and becoming strong in Europe, especially in England. Due to the fact that there were many religions in the world, and all of them claimed to be the most powerful, and have a majority of followers, Locke saw that the only way to a peaceful coexistence would be through toleration of each other, regardless of which faith a person subscribed. Christianity was ...

Philosophy Questions

1. Ross’ s Moral Theory is considered to stand between Kant’s strict deontological theory and theological theory of utilitarianism. According to the philosopher, there existed several prima facie duties that people had to hold in respect if they did not contradict one another. In case they conflicted, human’s intuition would help to make the right choice and find the weightiest and the most important duty. Ross stated that any prima facie obligation could be redefined by more important ones. While Kant saw all obligations absolute and exceptionless, Ross allowed maximization of the good as one of the ...

Problem Statement

There are a number of reasons, defined by the ethical as well as the economic and the political scenes, for the non-diminishing interest in addressing the gap between the rich and the poor. "The rich get richer and the poor get poorer" is an aphorism, which outlines the major views on economic inequality and the criticism, seen in academic and business literature, towards the philosophy of free market and capitalism in general. One of the principal works, laying the foundation for the discussion, is the work by Thomas Piketty, Capital in the Twenty-First Century (2014), who places the idea ...

Credit Risk Management

Commercial Loan Market Commercial loans are debt arrangements agreed upon by the lender (business) and borrower (financial institution) to cover operational costs or fund business projects. During economic downturn, financial institutions are cautious of their lending and consequently import strict regulations that force borrowers to pay a higher interest rate. The agreement between the lender and borrower in the market is documented in a “credit agreement.” In credit risk management, the most important components of the agreement describe the covenants, the security requirements, priority of payments and events of default.

Segmentation of Commercial Loan Market

Financial institutions use credit rating to qualify borrowers based ...

Nurses have to face different concerns while on duty because they serve different patients from different locations and religions on a daily basis. To address these concerns, a majority of the issues considered as an ideal show that the community has a varied way of looking at everyday existence. The aspect of humanity is quite different from many, yet, they all agree that something higher and more supreme than humanity exists. The acceptance of this differs from one person to the other, an aspect that shows a different way of observing the concept of one’s life. Nurses must ...

One of the most famous geniuses in the field of mathematics and philosophy in the history of mankind is a German named Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Leibniz is a German mathematician and philosopher who lived during the 17th century (Simmons 32). He revolutionized the historical development of the field of philosophy and mathematics through his major contributions. He is widely known as the developer of the integral and differential calculus and he developed it independently with Isaac Newton. He is also known for some of the mathematical equations such as the Leibniz notation, Transcendental Law of Homogeneity and Law of ...

Justice is something which underlies our own society – without it, indeed, some people posit that there can be no such thing as society. While many people state that justice is the same thing as the law, with Plato being the most visible proponent of this theory, others, such as Socrates, hold the two to be very different things. As we shall see below, while Socrates and Plato disagree on whether or not justice and law are the same, they both agree when it comes to addressing the role that justice takes in internal adherence to the values of the ...

Philosophy

Question 1 Kant talks about two kinds of imperatives that create groundwork for metaphysics of morals. The two kinds of imperatives that Kant talks about include; hypothetical and categorical imperatives. Hypothetical imperative focuses on the consequences of an action that a person takes. A person can lie to save a life which is allowed under the hypothetical imperative. On the other hand, categorical imperative is the moral obligation that is absolute. Categorical imperative focuses on people acting on a principal that is deemed rational to all people in the society. According to Kant’s deontological ethics, morality is measured ...

The book "The Last Days of Hitler" by Hugh Trevor-Roper was first published in 1947. The historical book was written within a year following the mysterious disappearance of Hitler in 1945. After four months without any news of his whereabouts, Trevor-Roper was hired to investigate the matter. Having spent many years investigating the Nazi Regime, he had come to be known as the expert of the Nazi Regime . The book describes leadership during the Nazi Regime and continues to demonstrate the downfall of this regime, which ended in mass suicide for Hitler and most of his confidants. Trevor-Roper manages ...

Introduction

Generally, Free Thought can be attributed to almost all developments and advancements in the world. Ranging from innovations and technological developments to religion and political changes, free thought seems to be the main driver of change. Free thought requires that free thinkers hold their positions regarding truth based on empiricism, logic, and reason. This implies that a free thinker should not be influenced by such things as tradition, authority or revelation. Free thought has developed a society of civilized people and advanced technology leading to the end of ineffective and bureaucratic regimes and religions that brought about differences within ...

Essay

Immanuel Kant: Reason and Freedom Immanuel Kant argues that being purely objective or purely rational and being independently free are two peas in a pod. As Kant argued in his widely known book Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals, all human beings possess what he refers to as 'the idea of freedom' (Pasternack, 2002, 12). He builds his concept of categorical imperatives-- in the absence of which responsibility and morality would cease to exist-- upon the speculated idea that freedom is an omnipresent concept. Kant claims that it is clearly not possible for people to envision themselves as 'un-free' ( ...

Categorical imperative is universal and it means that all the people have to act in accordance with the requirements of morality no matter whether people agree with them or not. Kant believes that it is the priority to be able to discern right actions from wrong actions. Universal law is of the utmost importance and the right actions are moral and have to be universal in similar situations. People have to behave in a way which is good for other people and for themselves as well because other people have to respect the same law. Kant says that the ...

The Bill of Rights and the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizens, both published in 1791, were important documents in the history of the world that greatly influenced the 1984 United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Both these articles provided the foundation for the United States Constitution, as well as the creation of the first republic government of France. Guided by the spirit and philosophical ideology of liberalism surrounding the aftermath of the French Revolution, both documents endeavored to create and establish an ideal liberal democratic government in both United States and France However, the French revolution ...

David Hume was a great Scottish philosopher who argued that there is no substance as the self. He believed that there is nothing such a soul. All this, he argued, was an illusion created by people's trust in the cause and effect theory. He attacks this belief in cause and effect by claiming that what people do is induce. Induction is drawing conclusions from previous experiences. He argues what people use to justify their belief in cause and effect theory owing to inadequate or lack of knowledge of the connection between nature and events. Hume argues against the existence ...

(Author’s Full Name)

The Meaning of Freedom and Happiness For centuries, philosophers and thinkers have pondered over the concepts of freedom, liberty, the “perfect” society and the pursuit of happiness. The notion of freedom is as old as time itself- with the earliest definitions put forward by ancient Greeks and Romans. However, it was not until the 16th Century that a modern Social Contract Theory was put forward that reshaped our understanding of how societies work. Two of the most profound ideals put forward were those by Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Hobbes lived during the English Civil ...

The life, unfortunately, does not always resemble a happy kingdom where people live in peace and harmony. One day it brings you an ocean of happiness and glory, the other day it throws you to the dark abyss of poverty and solitude. In spite of all life’s ordeals, the person should never give up and show courage in overcoming everyday difficulties. Only the bravest and most ingenious ones, who are capable of learning on their own mistakes, will definitely attain success in the adventurous life journey. The courage is surely the most important trait of character which not ...

“Gone Baby Gone” is a mystery film masterfully directed by Ben Affleck, an actor and a screenwriter. The kidnapping story set in the criminal districts of Boston depicts the characters and their neighborhoods as backward and appalling. At the very beginning of the film, we find out that Amanda McCready, a little girl, has gone. Thus, her aunt and uncle decide to involve two private detectives, Patrick Kenzie and Angie Gennaro, into the police investigation of the girl missing. Meanwhile, Amanda’s drug-addicted mother does not skip any episode of Jerry Springer Show, even though her child has disappeared. ...

1. Answer: Mobile communication devices including different personal digital assistants are not limited to voice calls and short messages only. These devices can easily browse the internet and can use different types of utility and facility applications, such as viewing maps of a certain place, tracking other people via a GPS system and so on. A device with so many features certainly helps a person as well as the society to ease the lifestyle. On the other hand, bad people can use these features to harm other people. In the recent days 22nd July 2016, an eighteen-year-old guy attacked ...

Philosophy of the Enlightenment. The Ideas of Francis Bacon and their comparison to those of René Descartes. Francis Bacon is considered to be the major prophet of the Scientific Revolution. At the age of twelve Bacon went to study at He went to Trinity College, Cambridge at the age of twelve, got a lawyer education later on. He proceeded to a political career hoping to advance his ideas. He was a member of the House of Commons and knighted during the reign of King James I, although during that of Queen Elizabeth he was neglected by her. Bacon was ...

Today’s philosophy is still discussing the ontological dilemma of God’s existence. St. Anselm is one of the first philosophers who tried to solve this task with arguments in an own manner. The central problem with the ontological argument has not changed in the last thousand years, and the debate is still built around the question whether there is the evidence that proves the existence of God.

An Explanation and Discussion of the St. Anselm’s Ontological Argument

St. Anselm tried to clarify whether God exists only in the mind as an idea, or it exists in reality. In his opinion, the argument to prove the existence of God ...

Utilitarianism is an ethical principle that dictates that actions are ‘moral’ only when they contribute towards the betterment of the greatest number of people in society or what is often referred to as the ‘greater good theory’ . When considered within the context of Disaster Management and Response, utilitarianism implies that the ideal course of action is one that will allow the maximum number of victims to be rescued, treated and saved. The ethical and moral dilemma this creates is what criteria should medical and rescue personnel use in order to determine which individuals are more worthy of receiving help ...

Summarize two readings and talk about your own opinions about some terms, such as transcendence immanence samsara sense- making nirvana and cosmological dualism. The essay “A New Buddhist Path: Enlightenment, Evolution, and Ethics in the Modern World” by David R. Loy presents the need engagement and new vision within the context of modernity for the Buddhist religion. In addressing this need, the author makes a variety of arguments regarding the underlying principles of philosophy and Buddhist thought. The underlying nature of enlightenment and the capacity for modern man to reach it as well as the meaning of its pursuit ...

The movie ‘Gone Baby Gone’ from 2007 is the directorial debut by the Hollywood actor Ben Affleck. The topic is the private investigation of the little girl’s abduction which went into the unexpected direction. This art piece got mostly positive reviews. In a center of the audience’s and critic’ attention is the very ending of the movie and the moral dilemma expressed by it. Dilemma is presented through the action of the main character, young private detective, Patrick Kenzie (Casey Affleck). He has to decide: will he leave the saved little girl in the hands of the ...

According to both the political elites, academic consensus and the never ceasing babble of the chattering classes, the defining challenge of the moment in Western culture is economic inequality. President Obama has spoken time and again about the challenges posed by gaps between the rich and everyone else and his arguments have been supported by ceaseless references to the growing divide between the top one percent and everyone else. Though hundreds of millions of people have been lifted out of dire poverty over the last 25 years by the dynamic forces of capitalism and its spread to developing nations, ...

Feature film “Gone, Baby, Gone” directed by Ben Affleck and based on the novel by the same name by Dennis Lehane does not only keep the attention of spectators but also makes them face a moral dilemma and judge if the final action by the main character, Patrick Kenzie, was right or wrong. In the article about this film, which is called “The cruelest crime of all” and was published by The Guardian in 2008 the author gives such a plot review: “The film has a sinuous, labyrinthine plot and what begins as a combination of police procedural thriller ...

Capitalism has come a long road before becoming the dominant social order on the planet. Adam Smith was one of the first economists to fully describe the benefits that free market capitalism can bring. Moreover, he was the first to systematically analyze the main economic categories such as wages, labor, profit, rent, population, demand, and supply. His work Wealth of Nations was groundbreaking, and he is considered one of the fathers of capitalism not without a reason. In this work, I will show that Adam Smith succeeds in his criticism of mercantilism and governmental market regulations and proves that ...

Modern governments have grown large excessively. Aspects of developments such as individual freedom and economic expansions that have been enhanced since a long time go keep showing their glimpses in the modern society. Such an understanding has brought the world into the belief that the economic beliefs, human trajectories on concepts, prudential strive for the future were once pressed from all the corners of the world in a similar pattern. The world, however, began to diverge from its pieces with Europe considered as the most significant divergence in historical accounts. Little has however been exposed as to why some ...

Theoretical Essay

In the world of law punishment (alternative name – penalty) is considered as an “infliction of some kind of pain or loss upon a person for misdeed (i.e., the transgression of a law or command).”1 Penalty may take different forms and vary from forced labor, flogging, body mutilation, fines and imprisonment to the capital punishment. The punishment has been very retributive, mostly in the form of revenge, during the pre-modern ages and usually the prosecution was executed by the victims or their families. There was not any proportion between the quantity and quality of wrongdoing and the punishment. The ...

Mid Term Exam

Discuss the impact of the theories of Immanuel Kant, Charles Darwin and Jean-Paul Sartre on modernity.

Jean-Paul Sartre was flourished in Existentialism. He believed that a man acts in his free will in the society and time in which he lives. This philosophy inspired others to acknowledge their own free thinking and live the life they believed in. It broke the cookie cutter of what people were otherwise programmed to be and motivated others to break free in essence of their true self. It’s the true quest to fine a purpose in life. Because Jean Paul Sartre wrote and published many of his writings on Existentialism, his readers began to think ...