Essays on Ethical Systems

People often speak about morality. They do it when they want to criticize someone or to justify their own behavior. They use the word morality freely enough, without giving a second thought to what they really mean by the word. Besides, it can hardly be denied that different people and especially different communities may act according to different moral principles. Thus, something which is considered quite moral in one community may look absolutely immoral in another, which leads to a conclusion that morality is, in fact, a very relative thing. Speaking about morality, people usually operate such concepts as ...

1. Critically examine cultural relativism as an ethical theory. Every individual belongs or associates oneself with a certain culture. There are many different cultures in the world with each having different ethical rules. Cultural relativism in philosophy is the view that morals are culturally determined and there is no better ethical system than the others (Manuel Velasquez, Claire Andre, Thomas Shanks, S.J., and Michael J. Meyer, n.d). The question that arises here is whether those cultures have a definite system of morals or not. It is evidently clear that any society has a specified rules and guidelines that determine what is ...

The term whistleblower refers to an individual who raises his/her concerns against the unethical or illegal activities of the organization. The employee may raise concerns either internally that is, within the organization or externally that is, any legal institution or organization (EthicalSystems.org). The misconduct of the firm that is brought under the spotlight may include activities such as; law violation, rule and regulation violation, threat to the organization’s stakeholders, fraud, health and safety violations, or corruption. As a result of bringing into notice, the unlawful activities of the organization whistleblowers often experience the reprisal from their fellow colleagues. In ...

There are different ethical systems of communication. The first is the categorical imperative which is based on the work of Immanuel Kant that states ethics on the basis of increasing idea that individuals living in a society pursue moral absolutes (Bowen, 2005). However, the underlying principle of the categorical imperative is that one should act and set an example for others. The second system is utilitarianism that was developed by John Stuart Mill and suggest that anything that is based on ethics brings goodness for a large number of people. However, the utilitarianism largely depends on the cost of moral actions ...

Hercules Offshore Inc takes part in drilling of oil off the shores of various coastlines. One of the most significant characteristics of the offshore oil drilling industry is a huge capital outlay required to set the equipment and begin operation. Hercules Offshore Inc is no exception to these industry conditions. Prior to the beginning of the operations, the company employs geoscientists to interpret the geological and seismic information relating to the drilling area. The geoscientists determine the best area where the company can commence drilling and get good returns (Corts and Singh 1). The company incurs the cost from the ...

Introduction

Knowing what is right from wrong constitutes the main idea of ethics. In order to promote social order, societies have constructed sets of ethical norms constituting values shared by members thereof. However, there is an understanding that every society has different sets of ethical norms, simply because of the fact that external factors brought forth by the environment and conflict experiences have affected each of them, as they specifically thrive in a particular area. Different communities involve various members with their specific set of experiences that eventually form part of ethical systems when shared. Therefore, the idea of a universal culture ...

Introduction

Ethics refers to the branch of philosophy that deals with values relating to human conduct especially with respect to the wrongness or rightness of actions and also to the badness or goodness of the cause and ends of such actions (Franena, 1973). An ethical system is a set of correlated values that concern preferable modes of conduct. In other words an ethical system could refer to “a map of the good life” or “ground rules” that aids a person to make the right decision when in a dilemma. Several philosophers such as Emmanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, and Jean Jacques Rousseau have over ...

Introduction

The issues that surround the protection of intellectual property continue to prevail as the intangible nature of intellectual property makes the limitations of its proper use hard to identify and delineate. Especially in this age when technology enables intellectual property to be created in so many digital formats, such properties can be even harder to safeguard. Although laws are created to define and limit the correct and proper use of intellectual property, these laws are not always enough. To strike a balance, the proper use of intellectual property can be ensured through compliance to these laws combined with a person’s ...

1.0 Introduction

Management is about making decision. Just as there are different styles of leadership, there are different styles for making decision. Making a decision not only involves quantitative analysis but it also calls for qualitative analysis. Decision making is defined as mental processes that result in a course of action or a given opinion among several options that have been presented. Every decision made by a manager bears in mind that there will be a certain outcome in the future. There are various factors that come into play when making a decision but these factors can be divided into two categories: quantitative and qualitative factors. The ...

Ethics in Management

Introduction Gulf Refinery Oil company was founded in 1907 in Pittsburg. Its headquarters are now in London (James & Mark, 2011). This company was an expansion of the former Guffey Petroleum Company. The company was organized to utilize the fresh oil discoveries. The mission statement of Gulf Refinery Oil Company was to refine and market crude oil produced by the company. It had the purpose of providing downstream products and services to a large market base via joint ventures, licensing agreements, distribution arrangements and strategic alliances. This led to the construction of an oil refinery to serve the purpose of ...

Orthodox Judaism is a branch of Judaism that involves strict adherence of the philosophy and customs of the torah as prescribed in the Talmudic texts by the Sanhedrin (oral Torah) (Freundel 110). Jews practising this denomination of Judaism are referred to as “observant Jews” or ‘traditional Jews’ all of whom believe entirely in the Laws given by Moses as they were and not as an application to living in the modern times. According to a Bank, “it is estimated that 10% of Jewish populations in America practise Orthodoxy with a higher percentage of 27% in populations of Israel (22)”. However, despite the ...

Abstract

Ethics is important when making decision more so in the ethical dilemmas category. There are two systems that one bases his decisions on. They are deontological and teleological ethical systems. Deontological systems are decisions based on written or unwritten rules while Teleological are based on outcomes of the action. This paper analyses two ethical systems—deontological and teleological—with a personal conclusion of which one is the best.

Deontology comes from Greek words “Deon” that refers to duty and “Logy” that means science hence it directly means duty science ( ...