Essays on Extrinsic

Various types of rewards work for me to motivate me to achieve a particular set of goals and these could either be at an intrinsic or extrinsic level. The intrinsic types of rewards that work well for me include the enjoyment of performing the task, the lack of boredom as performing a given task will be engaging to the mind and also the feeling of accomplishment for fulfilling a certain task. At an extrinsic level these types of rewards may vary from pay for task completed, bonuses received afterward and the praise from mentors, colleagues or even family. For ...

Enterprise Excellence

Stenzel (94) holds that enterprise excellence is not only dependent on the tangible assets which are the focus of accounting practices. Human assets are part of the resource in an organization that contribute to the excellence of the enterprise. The concept of employee competence is important in lean performance. Stenzel (94) illustrates this argument by citing the financial turnaround at Sears following the huge financial losses that the company suffered in the 1990s as a result of focus on the development of employee competencies. Employees who are highly competent can perform their responsibilities with more effectiveness. The resultant effect ...

REFLECTIVE REPORT: DEVELOPMENT OF A REWARD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Reflective Report: Development of a Reward Management System Overview of the situation The purpose of this report is to reflect on the organisational structure and management system at Sur University College in Oman. Sur University College offers a number of very important services to students and the community alike, but there are certainly struggles that the organisation experiences as well. The college is a diverse learning environment, and the organisation as a whole employs a number of staff, which often has a compounding influence on the overall fluidity and efficiency of internal organisational culture. Underperformance is sometimes a problem ...

REFLECTIVE REPORT: DEVELOPMENT OF A REWARD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Reflective Report: Development of a Reward Management System Overview of the situation I reflect my experience at TSB Bank, Benford branch in 2016. The bank was underperforming since the employees were unable to meet the monthly set targets. This situation impacted the bank’s revenue as well as the provision of services to customers. Even after several meetings between the head of operations and employees, the situation worsened each month. A team of specialist was set up to investigate the issue. I was given the mandate to lead this team, and our core task was to identify the problem ...

Reflective Essay on an Organizational Problem

Introduction In my summer job, I and my fellow group members faced some issues in completing the project assigned by the leader. My leader made a group of members, including me from different backgrounds to complete the project plan for new stadium. The leadership style of our leader was autocratic as he did not assign the responsibility to anyone to make decisions, but retain all authority by himself and made all key decisions related to project. In addition, he was not involved in the two-way communication to motivate the employees to achieve organizational goals. In turn, the issues occurred ...

The process of motivation starts from an underlying psychological or physiological need that triggers thoughts and behavioral changes that are aimed towards a goal or reward. The underlying psychological need or physiological need is also called the motive. Factor within an individual and outside the individual can determine these needs and desires. In an intrinsically motivated person, the motive for a behavior or action is within once self, like pride, inner satisfaction, curiosity, passion, etc. This creates the enthusiasm in the person to train and seek out for the goal. Extrinsic motivators seek motivation from external factors like money, ...

Most organizations utilize performance appraisals to measure the importance of the performance of the employees. DeNisi emphasizes the performance appraisals are ways of providing feedback to the employees regarding their performance at work and the basis for decision-making for compensation increase or promotions. It implies that the performance appraisals determine ways to improve the employees’ performance. In the same way, an effective performance appraisal can result in how good a company accomplishes its strategic objectives. As a result, the proper understanding of the strategic objectives in the performance appraisals assists anybody within the organization, particularly the management to become ...

Personal Review on Self-Assessment

Understanding the concept briefly, Psychological Capital (PsyCap) is an assessment of gather positive capacities of an individual at a workplace through four psychological elements, which could produce effective outcomes after an adequate training. PsyCap comprises of four positive psychological capacities namely hope, optimism, self-efficacy, and resilience. The score of PsyCap indicates the productivity, stress tendency, and well-being of an employee at a workplace (Steeneveld, 2016). Evaluating personal PsyCap scores, I scored 16 points in “self-efficacy” that refers to the broadness in performance and role activation at a workplace. I affirm the accuracy in scored points since my personality during ...

Introduction

Employee involvement relates centrally to core managerial functions and organizational behavior. Employee involvement, in organizational terms, refers to participation and commitment of employees towards adding value to their organizations by utilizing their own creativity, problem solving skills, qualification, experience, and expertise. It is essential to increase the level of employee motivation to raise their level of engagement because motivation serves as a base for any further consideration in this regard (Schneider & Barbera, 2014). This paper sets out to provide some of the most practical recommendations directed towards improving employee performance by increasing their involvement.

Steps to be taken in order to increase employee motivation and involvement for performance enhancement are as follow:

Providing employees with autonomy Providing ...

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Introduction

Business Process Reengineering (BPR) incorporates the process of transformations in the management, values and structure of the organization in order to enhance the business performance. The effective means of performance measurement ensures the increased performance of employees, which eventually leads towards cost efficiency and enhanced quality, and supports the prevalence of BPR in the organization.

Analysis

The study conducted by Huang et al. (2015) was aimed to enlighten the relation between information technology, business process reengineering and employee performance. The extensive review of the literature was conducted in order to determine the prior findings and support the hypotheses ...

Chapter 2: Literature review

Introduction This chapter presents the literature review appraisal that exists and is linked to work contentment and inspiration subjects and how these issues are closely related to industrial performance. The chapter discusses the concept of motivation, job satisfaction, and project management and employee satisfaction. Organizational performance as well as its continuity largely depends on critical assets, employees and the managers' capabilities to create and sustain motivating environments of the employees and other human assets. The primary challenge that managers are faced with today is keeping their human capital such as the employees satisfied and motivated. Therefore, all managers must ...

Fall Risk on Med/surgical Unit: A comparative Study of Using 5ps of Micro-system Framework to Deming Quality Improvement Theoretical Framework

Introduction

In the current health care environment, people are increasingly aware of the care quality of different health facilities. Therefore, hospitals and other health organizations take extensive efforts to enhance the quality of their overall health outcomes. In a medical/surgical unit, the issue of patient fall can adversely affect patient recovery, and hence, the overall health outcomes of the organization. This paper will compare fall risk on med/surgical unit using 5Ps of micro-system framework to Deming quality improvement theoretical framework.

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Organisational behaviour is a study of business organisations and how the separate component parts come together to work to attain optimal results and attain synergistic effects. This is often done by evaluating the different business units in an organisation and how they work together under a specific leadership in order to ensure that the people, assets and resources of the organisation works to attain the highest and best results. Organisational behaviour aims at bringing together components of an organisation to ensure effective work and efficient utilisation of resources at the lowest possible cost. The purpose of this paper is ...

1. The main difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is that the first type originates from outside of the person’s aspiration, i.e. somebody perform the action just for the sake of pleasure to do it. On the other hand, extrinsic motivation is explained by the aspiration to get a reward or to avoid punishment for an action. 2. Fear appeals to be effective in order to attract someone’s attention to something or someone suspicious or dangerous. From personal experience, I would say that the most effective examples of persuasion based on fear are warnings regarding health and ...

Introduction

“To understand how the brain constructs reality, it is important to shift from the confinements that cause fear of failure and look at the world from different perspectives." Fear of failure limits the way individuals become motivated to achieve their goals since the majority lack the desire to make bold decisions in academic, professional and other life experiences. According to Bain, there are three types of learners: those who do little to succeed in their education, those who are more interested in higher grades than the understanding of the curriculum contents and those who are driven by the need ...

The essay provides an overview of the dysfunctional leadership characteristics of one of the successful CEO Steve Jobs. The essay includes the sections, such as dysfunctional leadership to identify dysfunction features of Steve Jobs, role of Steve Jobs as a motivator, and how he affected the organization, society and teams.

Dysfunctional Leadership

The leadership of Steve Jobs (founder and former CEO of Apple) is viewed from different viewpoints. For instance, he was viewed as a dysfunctional leader as part of partly negative charismatic leadership style. The dysfunctional leadership norms include passive-aggressiveness, narcissistic personality, and urge for personal power (Hamric, Hanson, Tracy & ...

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Motivation is an imperative factor to make a person keep going. It is a vital factor that significantly contributes towards human development and growth. Motivation can be formed through rewards, which can be either extrinsic or intrinsic in nature (Pink n.d.). While extrinsic rewards are necessary; however, intrinsic rewards are more relevant in the 19th century. There are many theories related with motivation. I have selected Maslow’s hierarchy of Need to elucidate what drives me as I find this theory to be more practical and accurate to reflect my needs. This theory explains human ...

Leadership entails the ability of an individual to apply his leadership Knowledge and skills to influence his follower’s so as to accomplish the organizational goals. A good leader is one who has high regard for his employees and always sees the best out of their abilities. According to Surllivan (2013) an effective leader is one who has specific knowledge and skills about the about an organizations working condition and is always confident while dispensing his duties. Kershaw (2013) in his submission reiterated that most people have a misconception about what effective leadership is all about. A good leader ...

Motivation incorporates intensity, direction and persistence. Intensity portrays how good an individual is to his work. Direction mainly focuses on what an individual aims to achieve. Lastly, motivation must involve persistence where one practices perseverance. Motivation in an organization is essential for its overall performance (Nelson & Campel, 2015) .Intrinsic motivation is the self sense of direction that an individual has to achieve intrinsic awards. Intrinsic motivation aims at intrinsic rewards. While extrinsic motivation is the act of doing a task with the aim of acquiring the extrinsic awards Abraham Maslow‘s theory in his hierarchy of needs, includes: physiological ...

Literature Review

Abstract Nowadays attracting and retaining professional and skilled staff has become a challenge for many companies. Many organizations experience significant turnover that adds complications to their business activity. Providing employees with the rewards of different kinds helps companies to deal with this problem, assists with retaining talent, and reduces expenses for hiring. The rewards offered by the organizations can be of different kinds and serve various goals. Rewards can be financial and non-financial, extrinsic and intrinsic. Management of these rewards differs from company to company and is usually designed to serve the certain goals of the organizations. One more ...

Interviewee: Mrs. Helen Chester (Human Resource Manager, Hampshire Dispensary)

Interview Questions i. Who is responsible for motivation within your company? Do all the employees have the same chances of getting promoted? Or, are there some who are more preferred to others? ii. Does your company have an employee motivational plan? If yes, what are some of the factors you consider while motivating your employees? iv. Are there some challenges you face within your motivational plans? How do you address these challenges? vi. What are some of the methods you use to motivate your employees? vii. Are your motivational methods extrinsic or intrinsic? Why do you say so? viii. ...

The “Rules of the Plantation” document highlights the overseer’s code of conduct during American slavery. Its 23 provisions or rules raise managerial and ethical issues in the current managerial, capitalist work environment. One provision that is especially interesting as related to the current managerial practices is number 10, which is also critical for the nowadays work ethics. Rule number 10 of the “Rules of Plantation” documents indicates that “The negroes must be made to obey, and to work [], with very little whipping” (Southern Cultivator 103). Therefore, the whipping, a physical punishment, was accepted as a work practice. The ...

Stakeholders Relationships and Company Performance

Employees are valuable assets to the company as they determine the fate of the company success. The management of any business needs to treat their employees in the best way possible so that they remain loyal to the enterprise. In the marketing department, the employees in this department are vital as they sell the image of the company to the public. Personnel in this department have a direct interaction with customers to the organization. Marketing and hospitality tend to be similar as customer loyalty depends on the treatment they receive when they interact with the company employees or agents. ...

Introduction

The process of learning in animals and humans come through a series of situations that come together to motivate, and ignite the brains and enable them to repeat specific actions in the face of certain circumstances. The basic logic presented by psychologists and biologists is that there is intrinsic motivation based on the brain which controls the nerves and models of an animal or human being. This implies that an external variable triggers an extrinsic motivation that gets the organism to ignite the internal or intrinsic motivation in order to undertake certain actions and internalize it in order to ...

470 UNIT 5 ASSINGNMENT

Human behavior relies on a drive. Whether it’s looking for food to survive or trying to score a certain grade in the exams. All our behavior stems from somewhere and there is always a reason for doing the things that we do. A drive refers to the force that propels one to do something in a certain way, in order to get something valuable to us in return. Motivation is similar to this and it is the intense urge that pushes an individual to meet a specific need or want. There are different types ...

Philosophically, there are intrinsic and extrinsic objections to Mrs. Pettit’s behavior. Intrinsic objections state that the behavior is morally wrong regardless of the consequences of it, while extrinsic objections propose the behavior is not wrong, but the outcome is morally unacceptable. In this case, the intrinsic objections involve the act of group oral sex while extrinsic objections are the potential impact on her students in the event of discovery. Classical theories of ethical behavior may assist in clarification. Utilitarians believe that benefits to society as a whole take precedence over individuals; in other words, the most good for ...

INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION ON POLICE BEHAVIOR

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation on Police Behavior There is a theory that declares ‘if you do not love what you are doing when you go to work every day you are wasting your time’. While there are people who go to work just to make ends meet fulfilling the base of Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (Jancewicz, 2016), those who work in the law enforcement portion of the public sector are often drawn by a need to “protect and serve” (Jancewicz, 2016). While the very nature of what they do sets law enforcement apart from the private sector, ...

Test Results

Organizational behavior is the complex set of relationships between group and individual levels, based on individual performance and motivation. Luthans et al (2007) define a positive organization as the study of the application of positive human resource strengths and their capacity on the psychological level. The authors suggest that such capacities can only be applicable and used by the organization once they can be measured, developed and utilized for collective performance improvement. With the above in mind, one of the interesting tools that provide companies with an opportunity to evaluate individual positive emotional and psychological capacity is the PsyCap ...

Introduction

Background of the Study Hospitality companies constantly require to ensure the satisfaction level of its employees. It is due to the fact that the companies are more effective when they take steps to satisfy their employees (Langton, Robbins & Judge, 2007). The satisfied employees are considered an effective labor force and they become the key asset for the company’s effectiveness (Tepper, Lockhart & Hoobler, 2001). Various authors have identified the organizational performance as well as the willingness of employees to have sound working conditions. According to Jin-Zhao and Jing (2009) human resources are one of the key parts of the ...

Management and Leadership

Business Management and Leadership In order to meet the requirements of the given task, I would highlight two aspects of leadership and then incorporate them into my personal leadership development plan. Although there are several qualities of a leader and a leader serves to provide the right direction to its followers whenever and wherever necessary, I will focus on two main areas of leadership which are motivation and transformational leadership.

There could be several ways to provide an explanation for the term motivation. However, the very basic idea about motivation is that it is a driving force which basically ...

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Background With particular focus on Dewar’s book, A Savage Factory, this report examines how the failure in manipulating various organizational behavior principles in the right manner can lead to massive mistakes and the ultimate collapse of the organization. It is the memoir of Robert J. Dewar who has worked at Ford Motor Company, one of the biggest automotive companies in the world. This report aims to summarize the history of workers and managers and their attitude towards work. The workers and managers discussed were mainly responsible for controlling the quality of the products and sale ...

1. What is this case about The case is about finding the most efficient method that General Motors (GM) can use to finance for a second assembly point known as Module II for one of its newest division called Saturn Corporation. This was to increase Saturn’s production capacity so that the Corporation could achieve its long-term objective of selling 400,000 to 500,000 cars per year in the United States and selected international markets. There were four options available for carrying out the expansion process; expand at Spring Hill, convert an existing GM factory, Source models from ...

Introduction

Background In the contemporary business environment, the role of Human Resources has become a crucial and important component. Many traditional perceptions suggest that the HR is only perceived as a department to source and acquired new talents. However, most of the HR activities are far beyond the sourcing and employing the new employees. Human Resources Managers are involved in planning, coordinating, and directing the administrative responsibilities of the organization. According to Bach and Edwards (2013), human resources management allows organization and establishment of employment conditions that allows the employees to achieve the desired productive output while satisfying a wide ...

Abstract

Successful andragogy-based outcomes can be realized by the creation of comfortable professional development opportunities that focus on training applicability to address the concerns, interests, needs and issues pertaining to middle adult workers. Participation in practical activities and role playing enable middle adult learners to relate to novel teaching instructions and, by extension, keep them interested and engaged in their work place activities. The reason to keep middle adult staff engaged is to ensure that they have a positive attitude towards their job and that they are able to sustain their productivity for a considerable period. As such, there is ...

Introduction

Contemporary Business Environment places a lot of pressure on the company with regards to sustainable and profitable development. In order to be able to compete in the international arena, companies have to look for new ways to differentiate and diversify their business. One of the biggest challenges for a modern company is to build on internal expertise and skills that would help this organization create competitive advantage based on its intangible assets and people. Individuals are subject to a variety of influences and the employment relationships are becoming more complex. Human Resource Management (HRM) is facing new challenges, such ...

Introduction

Business operating in the global business environment recognizes that the human resource management plays a significant role in enhancing and company's strategy. In the contemporary world, the performance management has become one of the essential and necessary components of the human resources management in the workplace. According to Jiang et al. (2012), the performance management is the HR policies and practices that lead to a particular type or level of performance and the management of the individual employees. For the National Australia Bank Group (NAB) to remain competitive in the banking industry, it has to formulate and implement various ...

The related constructs of reward system, organizational culture and supervisory intervention is boosting the four emotional drivers for employee motivation is one of the key tenets that have been explained in this framework. The emotional drivers are independent variables and depending on the organizational and supervisory functions and factors, employee motivation can be optimized. It is the responsibility of individual supervisors to provide careful attention to the drivers of employee motivation. Then, it is the effort of the entire organization to boost the overall employee morale and motivation levels by effectively using these four drivers. The organizational levers including ...

TRANSFORMATIONAL V. TRANSACTIONAL:

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS COM221-18 Technical Report Writing Abstract

Abstract 2

List of Figures and Tables 4 Introduction 5 Methodology 7 Results of the Study 9 I. Charisma and the Transformational Leader 9 II. Transactional Management-By-Exception 10 III. Distinctive Behavioral Traits: Emotion v. Non-Emotion 11 IV. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation 12 V. Poor Attitude at Work 13

Discussion of Results 15

I. Significance of the Charismatic Personality Trait 15 II. Management-by-Exception Unsuccessful with Employee Motivation 15 III. Distinctive Behavioral Traits 16 IV. Significance of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Identification 16 V. Poor Attitude at Work 17 Concluding Remarks and Final Recommendation 18

Appendix A 20

Appendix B 22 Glossary 23 ...

Independent variable was an extrinsic reward for the particular activity. There were three conditions regarding independent variable – the condition with expected reward, the condition with unexpected reward and the condition of the absence of reward. The dependent variable was extrinsic and intrinsic motivation of children. The design of the study was the field experiment what allowed examining motivation of individuals in their familiar environmental conditions. Researchers observed subjects of the study before the experiment to see what activity is the most intrinsically interesting one for subjects. Also, observations for subjects were conducted in the post-experimental period to see how ...

Motivation Case

The situation outlined in the case takes place in a software company. When the company founder and CEO, Cindy, realized that her profits have stagnated, she decided to increase employee performance by restructuring. While the company employees used to work individually, Cindy has established small teams of 8, starting with IT department. Teams have been created based on personality inventory and consisted of both “millennials” and more experienced “gen-Xers”. Employees have been informed that they will be evaluated as a unit. As a result, several months later Cindy has registered that performance of IT department has substantially reduced, deadlines ...

The problem statements are as follows:

What is the role of the teacher in motivating the students? REVIEW OF LITERATURE The Motivation – Definition and Interpretation Motivation means driving people ahead; sometimes this process of pushing is self-made or sometimes the people are pushed with outside forces. The basic attribute of motivation is to move people into action. It activates the people towards doing something. The purpose of motivation lies in its etymology. The word motivation is derived from the original Latin word movere, which means to move or be moved (Ryan, Lynch, Vansteenkiste & Deci, 2010). For moving something, some action must be performed. For example, ...

Following the guidelines of the course ID guidelinesStudent’s NameUniversity

Introduction Job planning is an essential factor for the success of an organization in the competitive business environment. It is important to design a compensation plan that will help to motivate an employee toward his job to improve the productivity of the organization. The compensation package is the necessary element for the success of human resource management. It helps in appraising the performance of the employees and keeps them happy with their job. The paper has been developed to understand the job of a Human Resources Representative for the PenFed Credit Union and prepare a job description for the ...

The above article begins by primarily analyzing types of personality. The author of this article brings the readership to understand the distinction that exists in different personality levels. Different persons bear unique character traits. It is due to this uniqueness that the author highlights different personalities in this noble article. There are three major categories of personalities namely, extroverts, introverts and ambiverts. However, the article dwells much on extravertness and introvertness. According to the author, extroverts are sociable and tend to be closer to other individuals. Given an opportunity, they take part in a group discussion and further feel ...

1) Brief summary: The article focuses on research that was done regarding the effects of aging of the brain and its relationship with interactions of the brain's network. The researchers believed that there would be a positive correlation between the increased interactions among these brain networks and the healthy aging of cognitive functions. Generative models were used in order to overcome the challenges related to natural changes in the brain related to aging as well as the flexibility of neural activity. The study found that aging does in fact influence the cognitive capacities of adults. As people grow older, ...

Education

Participating in University Fitness Program Introduction Campus Fitness Program Overview Wellbeing is a growing trend in almost all demographics given the increasing awareness about the benefits of physical fitness. The university strongly promotes wellbeing among students by participating in campus recreations and part of the initiative was to establish a fitness gym inside the campus that the students can use for free. Apart from the usual sports and other recreation programs created as part of the physical fitness curriculum, the university also encourages the students to stay physically fit by establishing a fitness gym as a recreation facility. I ...