Essays on French Revolution

First Entry: My name is John Claude a thirty five years old male working as a Parish Priest of the First Estate. I have not married and I am not expected to marry because as a career priest I have vowed to abstain. We as the members of the First Estate believe that the Third Estate need to be taxed because they do not have power, they are in the lowest rank of the social scale and they consume significant resources. However, we cannot be taxed because people look at us for religious growth and education and we heavily ...

Napoleon was the emperor of France. His historical figure is quite controversial and it is hard to claim whether he caused a continuation of revolution or whether he established absolutism. Napoleon was an active political and military leader who influenced Europe with his policies. Considering the fact that napoleon was a great fighter, it can be assumed that he was continuing the revolutionary movements in Europe. There is a number of fights in which Napoleon was a leader. However, there are also fights where he did not succeed that much. His career has started as a leader of military ...

As many of you may have noticed, after our successful resistance against Mr. Frederick and his band of hooligans, Boxer, our most dedicated, faithful and hard-working colleague and community presence has been absent from the farm. The reasons for his absence are a direct result of his heroic but unsuccessful efforts to save the windmill. Indeed, during the battle, Boxer was injured. While we were able to heal most of injuries, there were some that we were not able to get supplies for. As a result, he was never able to return to his previous form. Several days earlier, ...

1. Routine Message: I was quite comfortable with Konrad Yakabuski’s assessment of our health care system. That is, until his last paragraph, where he states, “Younger doctors, motivated by more noble goals than money, seem to get this” (Doctors Don’t Get It: Health Care is a Team Game, Aug. 18). I am a 66-year-old family doctor with almost 40 years of practice under my belt. Fortunately, I really don’t need the money. I resent the implication that “older” doctors are less “noble” than younger ones. Most doctors were not looking for a personal boost to their ...

Napoleon and the Battle of Borodino and his intense to defeat troops on the left bank of Kolocha River.

The current research is aimed at answering the question if Napoleon started the battle on the left bank of Kolocha River. In the year 1812, Napoleon assembled the popularly known La Grande Armée in the eastern Poland province for renewing the hostilities with Russia. This was precisely in the middle of the year 1812. Despite massive efforts having been made by the French troops to acquire the required provisions for this endeavor, there was hardly enough resources that were collected in order to endure a small campaign. With a collective effort put in by approximately 700, 000 army ...

Situation and Leader: Napoleon and the Battle of Borodino and his intense to defeat troops on the left bank of Kolocha River. Research question: “Knowing what we do know now about the outcome, would I recommend that Napoleon started the battle on the left bank of Kolocha River?” The battle at Shevardino, where Russian troops should have prevented French troops from coming to Moscow and Smolensk. “Davout's and Murat's troops attacked the Russian rear guard at Shevardino. Murat, Poniatowski and Compans attacked Russian rear guard and the redoubt the greencoats occupied” (Battle of Borodino, 1812). These first hours of ...

Political Order

In the history of man and his pursuit of power, there are various lines which enemies drew upon each other as they seek to make their points stand out. The twentieth century remains one of the most historic times for the end of major wars between men, paving the way for the future movements, rules, and guidelines. Political power among major nations led to the beginning of World War I and II, which led to the death of millions of people, leaving some of the nation’s poorer than before. One might argue out that these wars were unnecessary ...

The Bill of Rights and the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizens, both published in 1791, were important documents in the history of the world that greatly influenced the 1984 United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Both these articles provided the foundation for the United States Constitution, as well as the creation of the first republic government of France. Guided by the spirit and philosophical ideology of liberalism surrounding the aftermath of the French Revolution, both documents endeavored to create and establish an ideal liberal democratic government in both United States and France However, the French revolution ...

Mid Term Exam

Discuss the impact of the theories of Immanuel Kant, Charles Darwin and Jean-Paul Sartre on modernity.

Jean-Paul Sartre was flourished in Existentialism. He believed that a man acts in his free will in the society and time in which he lives. This philosophy inspired others to acknowledge their own free thinking and live the life they believed in. It broke the cookie cutter of what people were otherwise programmed to be and motivated others to break free in essence of their true self. It’s the true quest to fine a purpose in life. Because Jean Paul Sartre wrote and published many of his writings on Existentialism, his readers began to think ...

(College/University/Institute)

Leonardo Pisa

Prior to the introduction of modern concepts for calculation, various mathematical operations would have required proficiency in the use of the abacus. However, in 1202, Leonardo da Pisa, an Italian math expert, released a book entitled “Liber Abaci,” or “Book for Calculation.” The book revolutionized the methods of calculating figures by establishing useful approaches in using the Arabic numbers 0 to 9 to the Western world. Though the book did not find immediate acceptance in the West, in the end it revolutionized the areas of commerce, finance, research, science and technology. Furthermore, da Pisa’s work laid the ...

The Enlightenment period also referred to as the Age of Reason is used to describe the time in history began with the end of Thirty Years War and to the end of the French Revolution. This period marked a significant radical shift in the government, culture, and politics. The period embraced some philosophies to think as well as explore the world (Best 30).. In global enlightened thinkers were considered to think objectively without prejudice. The period was marked by rationalism, reasoning, and empiricism. The argument was advocated as a means of establishing reliable systems of government, religion, and ...

The value of the French Revolution dating back to the XVIII century was not limited only to one country and one decade. It gave a powerful impetus to social progress around the world and determined the triumphant spread of capitalism as a new progressive form of social structure for those times around the whole world. According to Theodoros Kolokotronis`s judgement, “the French Revolution opened the eyes of the world. The nations knew nothing before and the people thought that kings were gods upon the earth and that they were bound to say that whatever they did as well ...

Francis Fukuyama was a famous political scientist for his book known as the ‘End of History’ as well as his new book ‘The Origins of Political Order: From Prehuman times to French Revolution.’ The book ‘Origins of Political Order’ focuses on political evolution by starting with the human evolution and how it has changed the political system to modernity. The author, Fukuyama appears to relate the two books in which the theme of political systems and evolution plays a major role. The societies and theories of leadership determine the type of leadership for many nations. According to the Fukuyama, ...

The French Revolution was a period when France underwent drastic political and socioeconomic changes. The period lasted for a decade from 1789 until 1799. The breakdown of power and many other reasons led to the far-reaching French revolution. The bourgeoisies and landowning classes were the rulers of France during the French revolution. However, the causes of French revolution are perplexed and complex and yet understanding by historians is required to get to the cause of revolution. Cultural, economic, social, financial, and political causes led to the French revolution. For example, peasants were forced to pay heavy taxation and the ...

IDEO’s Human-Centered Design & The Fun Theory

1.0 Inspiration

Bottom line: When finished with this step, your team will have identified a behavior that could be improved to make a better world and will understand the goal/wish/challenge for which it will seek a solution. Explore behaviors that you would like to improve. Due to the nature of the online environment, and to ensure everyone on the team has the best chance of fully participating, focus on behaviors of family, friends, co-workers, or other similar groups vs. working with the general public. For example: Changing the behavior of library patrons or children on a playground may not ...

Biography of the Sainte Chapelle

The Sainte-Chapelle, French for Holy Chapel, is located in Paris, France. It was built in the traditional gothic style for the time, and it was accomplished over the span of seven years . Cohen mentions Sainte-Chapelle’s original purpose was to be a religious temple for previous Christian vestiges, it is rumored that should Christ’s Holy Grail ever have been found it would have been placed here. Moreover, The Shroud of Turin likely would have been put here, as well . The supposed crown of thorns worn by Christ at the time of his death, according to Weiss, was housed ...

Two Founding Fathers, Washington’s closest advisers, the first secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and the first secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton, presented different viewpoints of the American Revolution and were one of the first people, who shaped the political landscape in the new-born independent country. Their debate and opposition have eventually led to the founding of the dual party system in the U.S., which still operates today. Although the economic conditions and political needs were different at that period, the basic principles and ideals remain currently central. In the first part of 20th century Hamilton and Jefferson ...

I decided to write my essay about Adolf Hitler and Napoleon Bonaparte as I believe that they are one of the brightest personalities in the world history. Till nowadays they are hated and loved, worshiped or compared with the devil. In my humble opinion, this is not very correct to compare these two historical figures. However, I will try as Napoleon and Hitler deserved to be talked about regardless our personal opinion about them. Hitler and Napoleon tried to take over Europe. Both of them were serving the bourgeoisie. However, Napoleon served the bourgeoisie on the stage when it ...

Propaganda is an indispensable tool for authoritarian governments and leaders. Propaganda is a powerful tool, and its use throughout history is a testament to its effectiveness. Through propaganda, governments tailor governmental institutions to their advantage, introducing obscurity and eliminating transparency and public accountability. A modern-day example of propaganda is the tactics used by the North Korean government. The plot of George Orwell’s Animal Farm depends heavily on propaganda, as a means of spreading fear and misinformation. In the book, Napoleon forcefully takes over power on the farm and uses brilliant propaganda to advance his interests while at the ...

The French Revolution was one of the most important moments in world history. The French Revolution symbolized that the ideologies and methods of the Enlightenment were no longer only the work of philosophes, academics and of the salons of Paris. The French Revolution was the moment when all of this theoretical knowledge regarding the way societies and governments should be organized left the pages and entered the streets, the cafes and the political clubs.  The French Revolution was the result of a crisis in France’s ancien regime and its assertion of the division of the state, the polity, ...

Prevalence of Poverty in Haiti

The issue of poverty is a topic countries are unable to tackle fully given the complexity of the problem based on its cause and the factors that ensure its continuous persistence. Many countries have areas where development is not fully realized and only certain parts of the country benefit from development or modernization. Some countries do not have resources or training necessary to instigate development and a few cannot escape poverty easily, because they have yet to repair their infrastructure and society after being subservient to another country. In the case of the Republic of Haiti, the prevalence of ...

English

The seeds of totalitarian ideologies were primarily planted by Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-78) during the French Revolution, in his criticism of private property. He promoted egalitarian and communal ownership of property. Francois Noel Babeuf (1760-97) another Frenchman believed ignorant masses have “to be organized to be made aware of their own interests and rights” (Kreis. The History Guide) by military means; those in power were justified in using “terror against the people, for the people’s own good” (Kreis). Nazi Germany and Stalinist Russia were “both clearly totalitarian in practice” (Adams). National Socialism under Adolf Hitler is a prime ...

Romanticism. Introduction. As many got tired of regularity and rationality of Classicism, people of art started to try to find a way to express their emotions and attitudes through methods more free from canons. They found such possibility in Romanticism. Romanticism replaces the Age of Enlightenment, and coincided with the industrial revolution, that was marked by the advent of the steam engine, locomotive, ship, photos, and factory suburbs. While education was characterized by the cult of reason, and was based on its principles of civilization, romanticism advocated the cult of nature, senses and all the natural in man. It ...

The French monarch’s totalitarian authority stirred the French revolution between the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. It is during this period that ideals of equality, human rights, social difference and citizenships were manifested. The French revolution inspired some architecture styles including neo-classicism (Soboul, 1974) The Bastille was a symbol of King Louis’s absolute power and dictatorial authority. Political prisoners and anyone who dared to challenge the monarchy was locked up at the Bastille. Those imprisoned at this royal fortress were victims of the King’s direct orders. The prisoners did not undergo any trial to prove ...

History is full of wars, battles, rebellions and revolutions between peoples all across the globe for a plethora of reasons, both, ethical and unethical. When issues cannot be resolved and unrest begins to stir it is, fairly, inevitable, especially when that unrest involves a greater dominating force oppressing a more vulnerable one. This is when rebellion can occur and revolutions begin. One of the most famous revolutionary wars is, of course, the fight for American independence from British rule. But there was another revolution that took place, in the same era, where people rebelled against their oppression in order ...

Francisco De Goya, the great Spanish artist, was born on 30th March 1746 in a place called Fuendetodos, which is located in the province of Saragozza. He moved to Saragozza later with his father who was guilder by profession and studied at a school called “Escuelas Pias de San Anton.” Goya started learning art when he was 13 years old and became an apprentice to a local painter in Saragozza (Felisati and Sperati 264).Initially, Goya copied the work of different artists such as Diego Rodriguez de Silva Velazquez and Rembrandt Van Rijn. He developed a friendship with a ...

Chartres, France

The monuments and architecture in ancient times allow talking and narrating about the historical background from the angle of time in which they were built. Through various signs, they inform us about the prosperity, decline of the reigns and empires as well. Thus, they are the major means of communication. They can tell us a lot about the economic, political and religious circumstances of the specific region. They also narrate the contemporary architectural trend. In medieval Europe, especially in France, the Gothic architecture was at its pinnacle. Cathedral Notre-Dame de Chartres is one of the Gothic architecture examples in ...

Dreams are a profound mystery that largely went unexplained throughout the majority of human history until Sigmund Freud tried tangling with them. One of his assertions was that if a person feels guilt for any reason but then represses that guilt so that he no longer senses it on a conscious level, it will emerge on an unconscious level, such as through insanity or nightmares. It is possible to repress guilt, of course, so that it no longer has much to do with us on a day-to-day level, but it does not leave. It simply lurks in a different ...

Casablanca: Plot

Directed by Curtiz Michael, Casablanca is an American film of 1942 that features romance and drama. It is a production of the Warner Brothers who base it on Burnett Murray and unproduced play Everybody Comes to Rick's of Alison Joan. The setting of Casablanca took place during the Second World War, which underlies the plot of the film. It focuses on an expatriate of the United States who has to sacrifice his relationship with a lady he loves for helping her husband – a leader of the Czech Resistance - escape from Casablanca. Getting out this Vichy-controlled town would help ...

Post-Classical History

Some of the terminologies that explain the post-classical world include the post-ancient era, the pre-modern era or the post-antiquity era. The post-classical is the immediate period after the classical world and the period preceding the modern history. The classical period happened in two time periods depending on the different continents in the world. The time periods include the years between 200-500 and the year’s between1200-1500. In this era, Han, Rome, and Gupta experienced the spread of the major religions of the world. It is during this period that Buddhism and Christianity spread while the Islam religion emerged. Religions ...

THE ENLIGHTENMENT AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

The French Revolution was known for its blood-lined streets, rioting peasants, and terrifying regime changes. However, all death and destruction aside, the protesters of this time were heavily influenced by the thinkers that had come before them and brought new ideas to light. While the results were bloody, the intentions were lodged in modern thought. The Enlightenment was a time that influenced many historical movements in the future and had a significant impact on the political structure of France before and after the revolution. The driving force behind this movement was the writings of the philosophes and their contributions ...

Introduction

The book A Line in the Sand was written by James Olson and Randy Roberts. The title of the book depicts a war or battle through the wording of “in blood”. Meanwhile, the wording “and memory” suggests the remembrance of the battle in the minds of people. The book tries to address the causes of the battle in Alamo and the significance of the events that occurred afterwards in the minds of people. It starts its tale from early March 1836 where a Mexican army goes to a mission called the Alamo under the leadership of General Antonio Lopez. ...

The French revolution is an exercise which saw the French people redesign their political landscape and the ultimate overthrow of the monarchy which began in the year 1789 and came to an end in the late 1790s. The French revolution just like the American Revolution which had occurred before took place majorly as a result of the Enlightenment ideals such as the sovereignty and also the rights that can be said as inalienable. It can be said that the revolution was not much successful in terms of achieving its intended goals but on the other hand it showed to ...

The Sardinians were eager to evict Australians from their land. Despite the defeat they suffered during the First World War, they did not lose hope. Instead, they were determined to see that their country was liberated from the grip of Australians (Avery). They were under the leadership of King Vittorio Emanuele when they realized that it was tough to fight the Mighty Australian Empire. The King and Cavour decided to find assistance from the other European States. Initially, Cavour had entered into a secret alliance with the Piedmont- Sardinia Kingdom during the War of Crimea. He was on the ...

Critical Thinking

The 1803 purchase of Louisiana from France had a profound effect on America; it not only changed the geography of the country but also its social, political and economic pillars. The purchase, which occurred during the term of President Thomas Jefferson, had the effect of almost doubling the landmass of America (Fleming, 46). It would be interesting to evaluate America's continental and global position had the purchase not taken place. This is especially the case given that the country would have had access to the Gulf of Mexico hence denying farmers on the frontier an opportunity to engage in ...

Animal Farm by George Orwell is a classic tale about power, corruption and control. During revolutions, people give the government power and it is bound to abuse that power. The book Animal Farm was banned, especially in Soviet Russia which had experimented with communism and the results of such experiments were a totalitarian state and limited human freedom. The Soviet Union had been built by individuals who adhered to the utopian socialist ideas of Marx and Engels. The animals in Animal Farm replaces Mr. Jones, who conducted his affairs on the farm under the assumption and belief that the ...

The Age of Enlightenment is also commonly referred to as the Age of Reason. It lasted from 1650 to 1800. Many agree that the cause of Enlightenment was the Thirty Year War (1618-1648) though it was only an outcrop of many underlying issues that faced Europe at the time (Broner, 122). It came to an end during the French revolution. It is such wars that motivated German philosophers and authors to criticize the idea of nationalism and wars to protect nationhood. The German authors included Hugo Grotius and John Cornenius, who were the pioneers of the ideas that formed ...

The Napoleonic Wars in the 18th and 19th century not only produced one of the greatest military geniuses of all but also revolutionized warfare. Napoleon is regarded as a great strategist who made use of the existing military strategies. During this period, two great thinkers, Carl von Clausewitz and Antoine Henri Jomini, recorded and interpreted the military strategies being employed by Napoleon. Clausewitz and Jomini are probably the greatest military thinkers to emerge from the Napoleonic era. After the Napoleonic wars ended, Clausewitz and Jomini sought to explain the emerging warfare by writing new doctrines and truth about war. ...

After the defilement of the congregation and consequent breakout of the French Revolution, their impact had extremely debilitated. Despite the fact that the impact of the clergy toward the end of the eighteenth century had practically no practical effect, the years to come after the end of the French Revolution demonstrated the quality and flexibility of the congregation. It wasn't until the state-church bargain was marked by both the religious pioneers and the administration pioneers of France when the enduring impact of Catholicism started to be felt once more, and thus, this impact would be felt all through history ...

The Haitian Revolution is thought to be the largest, most successful slave revolt in history. The slave revolt took place between 1791-1804 after which they had succeeded in not just ending slavery but also French control on the island. The Haitian Revolution was a series of revolutions that went on at the same time. Prior to the revolutions Saint Dominigue, or Haiti as it is known today was the wealthiest of France’s overseas colonies. The colony was a major exporter of coffee, cotton and sugar all of which was grown by slaves. In the 1730’s the French ...

The materials that are utilized to develop that story of past occasions are called "recorded materials". Authentic archives composed on paper soon ring a bell; however, there are really numerous different types of verifiable materials, including oral transmissions, stone engravings, works of art, recorded sounds, pictures (photos, films), et cetera. Indeed, even old relics and remains, comprehensively talking, are chronicled materials. In verifiable exploration, each chronicled material varies with regards to the degree of its legitimacy and unwavering quality (realness), and the undertaking of finding out that distinction is called "authentic judgment". Chronicled records that were composed by persons ...

Napoleon Bonaparte was a man with a great ambition. He killed so many people, a number that never seen before and not to be seen again for a long time. This can be said he did so for his own satisfaction. He rose to power after turbulent years of French revolution and he had the intention to bring in change. A change of a moderate authoritarian regime/government. Napoleon valued secular thought, conquest, an individual’s potential, equality, reason and freedom. All of these were granted to a citizen of his country who was subordinate to him and his ideas. ...

Mona Lisa was an oil painting made by Leonardo da Vinci in the sixteenth century. It was meant for the eyes of the upper-class, having been bought by King Francois in the year 1516 and later spending some time in the bedroom of Napoleon. Leonardo neither signed nor dated the Mona Lisa, but he gets credit for its creation. To emphasize this fact, Antonio de Beatis makes a formal reference in his journal after Leonardo da Vinci showed it to him together with two other paintings. The artist's aim after making it was to stay with it; he had ...

Introduction

Bastille was a prison on the eastern side of Paris. It was on 14 July in the year 1789 when the prison was attacked by an angry and aggressive mob who felt that the prison had become a dictatorial point (Lüsebrink, Reichardt, and Schürer 44). The prison was used to hold common criminals. It was mainly constructed to defend the wall on the eastern part of Paris. Initially, it was a royal tyranny before it started holding political criminals. Prisoners were arrested in secret, and they were not given a chance to hear their trials or charges. ...

“Chateaubriand, intending to only write a memoir, has created the history of the 19th century – no more, no less” – said French writer and critic Jules Janin. I believe that it is impossible to say any better about the genius of Christianity’s great creation. His work has left a significant mark on the history of his homeland. Moreover he not only depicted the past but also left a few lines for the future he has seen. He begins this narrative from his childhood memories, which are highly detailed with descriptions of his lineage. It would be unfair not to ...

The French revolution involved the rise of the lower class in the society against the leadership as provided by the monarchy and the clergy. The widening disparities between classes in the society were particularly alarming owing to the exploitation of the poor from the actions of the rich. In this case, the revolution sought to correct this construed position. As such, the fight for the Common Man’s rights was part of the revolution. However, an interesting situation erupted in the course of the revolution. Women, who were treated as second class citizens in their own countries introduced their ...

A crowd has been defined by many sociologists as a gathering of people with a common or shared purpose. This involves the idea of people coming together in a public system in order to work together or in some cases, do things that lead to a common end in sight. Crowds are viewed in many ways and contexts. This includes sports and entertainment where different people come together to do things. It also encompasses demonstrations and other public agitations like reactions to changes in the stock markets which lead to major modifications in mass attitudes. The purpose of this ...

The questions in this journal assignment cover readings in Chapters 1–14 of The Scarlet Pimpernel. You will need to turn in this assignment after you complete the lessons covering these sections. Your answers should be a minimum of 5 complete sentences and include examples from the text.

Total score: ____ of 50 points

(Score for Question 1: ___ of 15 points) Consider what you have learned about the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror. Why do you think that these historical events are popular with the authors who use them as the context for their stories and plays?

Answer:

Many of these period writings ...

There are five stages in the history of the French Revolution. At the first stage of the revolution the liberal’s, bourgeoisie and the nobility seized the power in the state. They were in favor of a constitutional monarchy. July 14, 1789, the storming of the Bastille as the bulwark of absolutism and tyranny. The first stage was rather democratic as in August 26, 1789, was accepted the “Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen”, and was introduced universal suffrage for men from 21 year. In September 1791, Louis XVI signed the constitution worked out by ...

Jacques Louis David, The Death of Socrates, Oil on canvas, 51 x 77 ¼ in., 1787. David’s painting situates Socrates in the center of the painting, clad in a white robe, implying purity, surrounded by his followers as he reaches for his poisonous tonic of hemlock. His abdomen is vertically straight, his left leg is positioned on the ground while his right is above his bed—he appears to be in motion. This bodily position reflects Socrates’ proud demeanor to die as he lived: passionately discussing philosophy. David portrays Socrates as defiant in his confrontation with his impending mortality. ...

The French Revolution started in 1789. It was caused by some overlapping factors that caused tension; they include things like bankruptcy of the country after taking part in the American Revolution, the fact that the people had a voice, the rise of public opinion, the raised oppositions and tension in the country. Crop yields were indigent and there was economic crisis since the crop yields were poor and the peasants were the most affected. Another cause is that the noble class did not want to be excluded from positions of power and political matters, and this heightened the agitation ...

Critical thinking

Thomas Jefferson remains in history as one of the cornerstones of America's foreign policy. Often forced to strike a balance between the threats of war and alliance, he tended to believe more in non-interference (Hayes, 36). He probably never anticipated the great role foreign policy would play during his presidency given that he never alluded to it in his inaugural speech as president. Loved as much at it is loathed, his foreign policy must be looked at objectively Criticisms of his foreign policy from his successors and the public often have the advantage of retrospect yet for Jefferson; international ...

Education Establishment - Course

In the middle of the 17th - 18th centuries, Haiti lived difficult times on the path to the independence from France. On the eve of the French Revolution, San Domingo was a sharp arena of struggle between different interests and social forces. Revolution stimulated the further aggravation of the struggle. Those years glorified the names of the most successful fighters for the right of blacks and independence of Haiti. The essay discusses Toussaint L'Ouverture as one of the most famous black revolutionists and a divisive political figure in the history of Haiti. During the times of the Haitian revolution, ...

Historical chronology is the systematic arrangement of historical events and dates in order of occurrence. Consequently, chronology is a basic tool of history, since it helps in tracing past events and providing a reference and date to their occurrences. Therefore, current events in the modern world attach to a series of occurrences in the past, which took place in a systematic order. The global economic depression is an example of a chronological event in history, which took place between 1939 to 1945ce. The period featured a great downfall in the world’s economy, owing to the damages that World ...

Decembrist occurred on date 26 of the year 1825, and its main aim was to protest the reign of Tsar Nicholas, who took the throne after his father death (Nowak, Andrzej, and Jaime 77). The successor was to be Constantine, who was Alexander's elder brother but instead he declined the role in public. Many officers did not believe that he could decline; this made his younger brother, Nicholas, to step forward. He was not popular, and this made officers take action. One of the main causes of Decembrist revolt was that early in the reign of Alexander 1, he ...

In the article “The French Revolution: Ideas and Ideologies” Maurice Cranston (1989) argues that the leaders of the French Revolution were influenced by the ideas of the political philosophers of the French Enlightenment. The French Revolution itself went through several phases during which different forms of monarchy and sovereignty were pursued. There was also a period when the First French Republic was active, but in just 12 years France returned to the form of absolute monarchy. All these transitions were supported with the ideologies of the French philosophers Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Voltaire. The argument concerning the imperial phase and ...

The French Revolution was one of the most chaotic periods not only in the history of France but also that of Europe. This was not only because of the tremendous loss of life and damage on France’s economy that the revolution led into but also because of the dramatic changes that happened after it. In this section though, the author will only focus on one major change and that would be on equality, mainly as a result of the tearing down of the physical, economic, and psychological barriers that were standing strong prior to the French Revolution. After ...

The industrialization of Europe and North America felt an urgent necessity of expansion of their markets where they wanted to sell their goods, machinery, factory equipment, steamships, etc., and to make investments. On the other hand they needed raw materials from all over the world for their industry. The Industrial Revolution demanded a new type of rapid shipping, new type of fast communications, the railroads spread inside continents and countries. Most of the industrial giants opened their offices throughout the world. Slavery was completely abolished since slaves were not necessary any more, but the demand of low paid working ...

The council of the slew of generals President Abraham Lincoln had to tread through, was not unlike dangerous waters which were constantly shifting amid the complexity of the Civil War. The events surrounding the Civil War era, the Lincoln presidency with its turmoil of revolving generals, and the hotly debated issue of slavery form the most contested episode in United States’ annals of history. Among the short string of military generals under the auspices of Abraham Lincoln include George B. McClellan, Joseph Hooker, Ulysses S. Grant, and George G. Meade. Whether or not people agree with Abraham Lincoln’s ...

Throughout centuries of fighting, the fundamental basis of warfare remains the ideological or militaristic conflict between two opposing sides. While the means, methods and strategies of warfare have changed dramatically in the last four hundred years, governments and militaries have always needed to find a way to ensure that morale remains on their side and encourage antipathy towards their opponents. Influencing activities have been important in warfare throughtout history, with military leaders and campaigns requiring the moral and material support of the people in order to succeed. When looking at the strategies of Napoleon Boneaparte, Clausewitz’s trinity, and the ...