Essays on Gangs

Many people associate slavery with the transatlantic slave trade of the past and believe that it is an institution that has been left in the past. This paper will look at how modern slavery differs from the transatlantic slave trade. The paper provides different arguments and examples from history of slavery and compares it to its current form. Moreover, the paper will include types of slavery that exist today. The role of United Nation to control the slavery in different countries will also be discussed. The paper will not only present the history of slavery but it will also ...

In the recent days young people have been engaging in criminal activities such rape, robbery, stubbing, drug taking among other crimes. This has raised the need to carry a research and come up with solutions to address this challenge. This research survey intend to bring out main reason why young people engage in crime, areas where this crime happen and ways of preventing young people from joining criminal activities and groups. The survey also seeks to know if some respondents have been victims of this crime committed by young people.

10-15 Variables

The questionnaire is aimed at researching on the young ...

Introduction

The desire to conform to the norms is what makes the foundation of a civilized society. Social order, for instance, is a desired attribute that is founded on established written and unwritten rules that are being observed by most people within a society. Deviation from these established rules is considered as undesirable and people who deviate are considered as having abnormal qualities or malfunctioning (Merton, 2002, p. 672). There are instances, however, wherein some people are observed to deviate from the standard pattern of human behavior. This deviation has captured the interest of many social scientists and have been ...

Today, the mention of crime in the inner cities immediately whips up emotions regarding unlawful possession of guns by criminal gangs. There are many reports on violence that result from the use of unregistered guns over the past decades.The crime rate in inner cities goes interchangeably with unlawful possession of guns. When the government put laws that seek to control ownership of guns, do the steps help to stop crime and protect citizens? Robert La Follette argues that the issue of gun control should not focus on whether to support ownership or to oppose ownership, rather, decisions should be ...

As Birzer and Robertson (2012) state, unlike motorcycle gangs, “the Mafia has an organizational and chain of command capable of supporting global-scale operations” (p. 318). It means that the organizational structure of the Mafia is more complicated and somewhat formal while that of motorcycle gangs is more informal. Furthermore, regarding the business organization, the members of the motorcycle gangs do get involved in the sale of individual dosage of drugs while the Mafia deals in wholesale drug sales (Birzer & Robertson, 2012). The difference in the organizational structures of motorcycle gangs and Mafia might affect the production and distribution of ...

Research Paper

Abstract The youth is the most at-risk group in terms of gang membership nowadays. It has been found in several studies that gang involvement largely appeal to adolescents, especially those living in poor neighborhoods, estranged or alienated in schools, and in conflict with police authorities or the larger criminal justice system. Researchers reported that the youth turns to gangs to compensate for their lack of adequate and proper socialization. Large communities, or areas with sizable populations, have serious gang-related problems. This paper discusses existing empirical studies on gang formation, membership, and violence. There is a considerable dearth of studies ...

Gang violence is a very major issue in the United Kingdom for it is the Gang members who carry out as high as up to half of the shootings that transpire in the capital, and up to 22% of the hard-core violence. (Gov.The UK, 2015) This is the reason why the UK government is eager to take steps to eliminate the involvement of the youth in gangs, because in addition to breaking the power of the gangs in the cities and country-wide in general, it is also important that we take steps to ensure a better future, for the ...

The prison has become a much more dangerous place since the coming in power of California’s big four gangs. Prisoners are being forced into doing their bidding while they involve these unwilling participants in drug trafficking, contraband smuggling, and assaults. The same is what professor Vasquez says in lecture 2 for week 1, that if they order a crime; the inmates have to get it done. In case they refuse, they have to face ‘consequences’. The urgency to take action on these prison gang members is because they have the power to be extremely notorious and they never ...

Gangs are another form of expressing dominance and control over one’s rights and beliefs, and a prison gang is made as a last resort to expressing these emotions since an incarcerated individual has no other likely choice. The absence of female gangs is a resultant of the operatives of a female mind. While incarcerated males have a need of expressing their domination in one way or the other, females, on the other hand, are devoid of such feelings. Moreover, gangs are a source of gratification of a set of people’s beliefs and ideas, and this is satisfied ...

The Barrio Azteca is a prison gang that is based in the United States of America; specifically in Texas. The prison gang was established in the year 1986. History has it that the Barrio Azteca prison gang was formed by five incarcerated Hispanic Street gang members (Valdez 376). They formed the gang as a way to protect themselves from other rival gang members whose propensity to harass them was very high. The reason why most gangs are formed is to protect the members from other gangs; such was the case with the Barrio Azteca (Valdez 376). In as much ...

Nuestra Familia is an American-Mexican organization of criminals operating both in an outside prison and they originate in California. The prison gang carries out thousands of criminal activities in California. Some of the criminal activities that assist them to earn income include distribution of drugs such as heroin, Methamphetamine, cocaine and marijuana both in prisons and community. The gang came into existence in 1968 as a separation of California state prison system. During this time, the system separated into two gangs namely Nuestra Familia and Mexican Mafia the two gangs were and still are enemies (Morales n.p). The gang ...

Nuestra Familia is a criminal organisation of Chicano or Mexican prison gang with origins in North California. Today, it is described as the California’s worst Hispanic prison gangs that has gotten the opportunity to develop both within and outside the state’s prison system. Fundamentally, this group of gangs started at vocational institution at the state of California with an initial name of La Familia in September 1967. Eventually, La Neustria Familia became the new name of the organization after the gang founders decided to change the name. In reality, many Americans view this gang group as closely ...

Numerous programs prevent or suppress delinquent behavior in the country. These programs rely on some of the factors that cause delinquent behavior such as the use of narcotics and the involvement in gang-related activities. The Juvenile Drug Treatment Court is one of these programs that identifies and treats high-risk offenders who have shown involvement in drugs. Kathryn et. al (631) posits that the use of drugs such as alcohol, cigarettes, and other substances is a leading cause of delinquent behavior in the United States. The program's ability to identify and treat the offenders and juveniles on probation reduces the ...

Response to Daryle

The state would give protection by having Mark Robertson executed in his case, who was accused of the murder of shooting an 81-year-old woman during a burglary. Robertson did not feel guilty of the crime he committed according to the interviews conducted by police officers. He tried to escape from jail in Las Vegas by setting a fire. The execution of the defendant would have an impact on protection. Although Robertson has not received a capital punishment yet, conviction shows that he will not be set free (Adkins Huff & Stageber 23). The United States may reduce the incarceration rate ...

Introduction

The question of racial discrimination in the legal system of the United States is a sought after topic despite limited evidence to support its existence at present. Although the nation once participated in discriminatory practices in the past, the majority of the activities ceased during the last few decades. Despite sweeping developments in recent years, the news never grows old while reporting a possible aberration. This research paper examines the evidence of data available in the books against the media reports which claim the rampant existence of racial discrimination. Each section in this research paper will raise question regarding ...

Introduction

Counseling is a significant collective aspect, especially in the present world where pressures of work, career, and family tend to take a toll on most people. In fact, most organizations today employ a counseling psychologist to attend to the emotional and mental needs of their employees as a step toward maintaining maximum productivity. Youth Off the Streets is an organization dedicated to the well-being of youths living in the streets due to their lack of alternative accommodation. The central role of the organization is to attend to the immediate need of these youths, which is accommodation, and to provide ...

With the recent surge in mass shootings in the both the United States and overseas locations such as Paris, Munich, and Istanbul, and the fact this is an election year, the debate over gun control seems to have resurfaced. There does not seem to be any middle ground when it comes to gun control. Americans either strongly support the second Amendment right to bear arms, or they want guns banned. There are many viable reasons for banning firearms in the United States. Some of the strongest reasons for gun control are the disrespect for authority; they encourage gang warfare, ...

Transnational Gangs

When questioned about Central America’s continued crime problem, particularly centered on gangs and their ability to grow, the issue can often be traced back to poverty. Though Central America has been experiencing an economic boom in recent years, prosperity has yet to reach the poorest of regions, allowed gangs to maintain a strangle hold on impoverished communities, and even prosper. Underemployment and a lack of emphasis on children staying in school are also issues that need to be addressed. The population needs jobs and income. Gangs provide that. Moreover, children are malleable and without anything to sway them ...

Introduction

In all lifestyles, and in every species, the congregation of a select type is a common phenomenon. Despite the sophistication and technology, humankind is no different. There are unwritten criteria for all job applications, school admissions, and even military recruitment. The theory of strength in numbers runs deep among human beings since the advent divisions based on class and color. Racial profiling is the act of singling out a particular community of people to discriminate against. In the United States, racial profiling has two sides to the story. There are legitimate actions termed as racial profiling by people who ...

The relationship between drug trafficking, street gangs and guns has been the subject of broad research because of their impact on the well being of the global society. Previously, the relationship between these three elements has been poorly established, but an extensive research by the University of California revealed that close and direct influence of each with the other. While some youth gang researchers pointed out that typical street gangs are not adequately equipped to organize drug trafficking operations due to lack of cohesion, there are gangs that have an established leadership and organizational structure that allows them “to ...

[Your instructor's name] [The course] [The date]

Prison gang is different from a street gang in that its primary aim is to secure the prisoners from being hurt by other prisoners or by the wardens (Voeten, 2013, n. p.). However, as the history shows, the prison gangs have altered their original targets and now they are getting control over the system of law outside the prison. The most threatening of all prison gangs is the Mexican Mafia, also called La Eme (the Spanish letter "m") (Valdemar, 2010, n. p.), which appeared in the 1950s (Morales, 2008, n. p.). What ...

Question 1

What is the relationship between guns, street gangs, and drug trafficking organizations? Personally, I would say that the guns, street gangs, and drug trafficking organizations are inseparable at the hip of every heinous crime in the society. Specifically, street gangs cannot function fully and cannot perform drug trafficking activities without their weapons or guns. Every gang member is in possession of, and has an easy access to, firearms of different models, types, and caliber. Often, the gang members use their weapons during violent operations and encounters with their rival gangs, law enforcement authorities, and innocent victims. On the other ...

Police brutality has sparked up a lot of tension and chaos in the recent past. This form of brutality refers to any unnecessary excessive force applied to victims by the police (Bird and Smith, 93). Members of the black community are often the victims of this brutality. Young black males have been killed in cold blood by the police who claim that the former are armed and are a threat to their lives. What has sparked a lot of anger is the fact that some of the slain men are usually unarmed is and a non-threat to the police. ...

Abstract

The proposed study will delve into how the contemporary federal security agents can successfully combat the terrorist organizations within the United States penitentiaries. In particular, the study will aim at contributing to the body of knowledge regarding fighting the domestic terrorism, that is, the terrorism originating from the state and federal correctional facilities. The study will also aim at helping the federal agents avert the recruitment and radicalization of the inmates inside the United States prisons. The study will utilize the survey research design due to its cost effectiveness, generalizability, and efficiency. The research participants will include the security ...

Introduction

In the recent past, there has been an increase in the cases of terrorism financing and money laundry across the world. The international community is experiencing rapid social, political, economic and technological advancements that have enhanced communication and the transportation of money that is used in the financing of terrorist activities. Besides, this development has exposed the financial systems to abuse by organized criminals. The international community has established strategies to curb money laundry and terrorism financing so as to enhance the security of the world. In the past decade, proceeds from money laundry have been used to finance ...

The simple answer is, yes we stereotype gang members, gangs or gang activity. It is not only about gangs, we stereotype people (mostly at subconscious level). Gang stereotypes stand out as they are generally perceived as violent groups of people. They thrive in stereotyping themselves as it gives them their identity. It is not really a matter of stereotyping, it is about calling a spade a spade. When an average citizen thinks about gang members they might imagine a violent young man. I understand and agree with Week 1 Lectures; it is not just the youth but people from ...

The involvement of the youth and juveniles in criminal gangs particularly in the United States is becoming an increasingly an issue of concern to the criminal justice system. Thus, a plethora of criminal justice programs have been suggested in order to reduce the destruction of property, crimes and violence caused by street gang members. According to Kent, Donaldso and Smith (2000), various programs and policies have been implemented in a bid to help reduce the rate of gang related crimes. However, not much attention has been paid to the effectiveness of evidence based practices and programs. Moreover, the general ...

In Gridiron Gang, the character of Willie Weathery had many factors that could explain why he became delinquent. Family disruption, peers, gang membership, peer pressure, strain, community disorganization, social learning, low self-control and labeling are all theories and causes used to explain delinquent behavior and are all reasons why Willie Weathery engage in the delinquent act that landed him in juvenile detention. There is no single cause of delinquency. Many factors that combine to motivate a juvenile to engage in delinquent behavior.

FAMILY DISRUPTION

In the movie, Willie Weathery appears to live with his mother and younger brother. At no time ...

Gun control is one of the most important measures that all States have had to take since the public took hold of arms and used them at their will. The Many States implemented very strict gun laws so that the crime rates can drop and people can feel safer. The strictness of these laws has occurred in the light of the recent school shootings; gun control has become stricter and more closely watched than it was in the past. Privately owned guns circulate at a number around 250 million (Clark and Barrabi). These are licensed guns which are used ...

Alex Kotlowitz follows the lives of two young boys, Lafeyette Rivers and Pharaoh Rivers, in their Chicago neighborhood, living in the Henry Horner Project, a housing scheme for underclass black people. The boys grow up in a rough neighborhood, where the only option is to join a gang once they enter adolescence. Their mother is 35 years old, and she had eight children, among whom, one is serving a jail term and the second born, an eighteen-year-old, has been arrested for a record forty-six times, making him a strong candidate to serving jail terms like his elder brother. When ...

Abstract

The gang issue has been around for decades and it will probably not come to an end in places such as Tulare County. Statistics and officials can prove that the members of gangs are increasing with each passing year. The Tulare County Crime Systems Department has witnessed a rise in violent activities involving the Sureno and Norteno gangs prevalent in the area. The Norteno and Sureno are hated rivals who comprise of Northern and Southern members respectively. The groups can be distinguished based on their attire with the Sureno adorning blue apparels and Norteno red clothing. The battle of ...

Gang involvement is one of the major issues among the youth. It is worth noting that the youth joins gangs because of various reasons. In the United States, most of the homicide and violent cases are linked to gang groups. The government focuses on preventing the youth involvement in gangs and gang-related activities. Gang involvement has long term and short term adverse impacts. The outcomes affect the youth, families, surrounding communities, and families. Gang involvement is very dynamic, which make it complicated to control. Gang involvement has been influenced by some trends. There are risk factors that are linked ...

Explain why race/ethnicity is so important in gang life.

Holmes, Tewksbury & Higgins (2011) postulates that the roles of race and ethnicity in gang life are rising to become more sophisticated. For example, more gangs are increasing multiracial and this affects the function of race and ethnicity based on conflicts between the gangs. Different scholars assess that race and ethnicity should affect gang membership prevention tactics. However, there is little proof to examine the linkage between these two variables. The gang motivation prevention techniques should cover factors that are based on racial and ethnic boundaries such as poverty and immigration, social isolation and discrimination, reduced educational opportunities and less ...

CONTENTS 1. Introduction 3 2. The Causes of Juvenile Crime and Masculinity Theories 4 2.1. Connell’s Hegemonic Masculinity Theory 4 2.2. Youth Gangs in the USA and Masculine Gang Formation 5 2.3. The Causes of Juvenile Gang Crime 6 3. Discussion and conclusions 8

References 9

Introduction The United States of America has one of the highest incarceration and crime rates in worldwide. In accordance with the findings of the United States Department of Justice approximately 10-12% of all crime perpetrated in the country is attributed to the minors. Despite the fact that there is a steady decline of crime ...

Gun violence in the United States has become quite a huge problem as various crimes related to guns were at their peak during the late 1980’s and early 1990’s. Gun violence in the United States mostly impacted young adolescents as well as juveniles whereby the African-American males are the ones with the highest victimization rate than any other racial or gender group. During that period and also up to now in some cases, a young African-American teenage boy was more likely to die of a gunshot wound rather than from all causes of death. Due to the ...

Mass Shootings: How we can deter potential mass shooters in the US? List some major mass shootings in the US and identify some major similarities and major differences among them. Mass shootings have become an issue in the United States. There are ways mass shootings can be deterred. One way is strict gun regulations. By making it hard for people to possess firearms, it makes mass shootings less likely. Also strict screenings and regulations can be put in place so people with mental health issues are not able to purchase a firearm. Also another more extreme example of a ...

Norteño and Sureño gangs in California’s Tulare County California’s Tulare County - Introduction to Tulare County and why the gang problem in Tulare County is getting worse. Officials acknowledge it, and statistics prove it. Norteño and Sureño gangs in Tulare County- The history of the Norteño and Sureño gangs, how they originated in Southern California and their influence across the country. Distinguishing between Norteños and Sureño- The Norteños and Sureño gangs are known to wear different apparel The Norteños and Sureño rivalry - The territorial ...

What will make a young man who has just completed higher education to migrate from the rural set up to an urban one? This movement of inhabitancy from one geographical area to another either on temporary or permanent basis is caused by different factors that are either personal or occupational among others. Soon after independence, the third world states migration from rural areas to urban centers has been on the increase citing difference in economic opportunities and natural conditions, for example, the climate, soils or relief. Thus people migrate as their response to this. The high and better level ...

The proliferation of the internet and the ubiquity of the smartphone have resulted in people being able to access the internet anytime and anywhere. Today most public places like shopping malls provide Wi-Fi services for customers to access the internet. Most cellular services now come with data services as well. In fact, most people now prefer to use their smartphone for internet access instead of investing in computers and broadband connection . From banking transactions to reading newspapers, everything is now done online. Another phenomenon that has been growing steadily over the years is the use of social media over ...

The obsession with gold in California started in January 1848 when James Marshall found gold at approximately 40 miles from the Sutter’s Fort. All that followed after James’ find was extreme obsession to find the precious commodity not only in California but the rest of America. From the period henceforth, the prospect for gold became dramatic as everyone else was seeking to lay hands on the commodity (Brands 56). It is hard to imagine what could have happened if a whole population stopped their usual economic activities only to look for gold. James’ find not only transformed people’ ...

I fought the law, and the law almost lost. I was born in Los Angeles flower garden on the wrong side of town. My earliest memories are scrabbling through refuse for food and clothing. One day I was casing a 7-11 when I saw another kid my age eying the candy rack. A thief knows a thief when he sees one, and this guy clearly didn’t know how to do the job right. I could see the Pakistani man who ran the place staring at him. His brow was furrowed, and I knew he was close to coming ...

Education is a “Necessity of Life.” In the book Democracy and Education, John Dewey’s postulation about education being a necessity of life illuminates the need for real world application to education. Dewey was a progressive educator who understood that students are failed by the concept of education if they fail to link what is happening in class to what is out there in the real world. He, therefore, sought to bridge the theory and practice concepts of education and argues that the idea of learning in the classroom has to link to the experience outside the classroom. In ...

The world has been awoken to the realization that there is a possibility that dominant cultures are getting fused together with the subordinate ones and that there is emerging a significant shift that is best described as the politics of difference. In the article What Is This “Black” in Black Popular Culture? Stuart Hall seeks to show how Black forms of popular culture have been seamlessly fused into mainstream culture and have been incorporated into the dominant Western or European culture. What that means is that there is a new spurt of intellectual consciousness that have included new conceptions ...

It is not human nature to run towards trouble, but instead away from it. Human beings possess an innate sense that requires them to bear witness to tragedy, drama, and triumph alike, but does not force them into action. There are exceptions to the rule without a doubt, though these are relatively few and in most cases will inspire others to act. Without those who work against their own nature as human beings however the inactivity and inability to intervene when needed is a very human characteristic. It is easier to stand by and do nothing than it is ...

Abstract

Juvenile delinquency in the United States is steadily increasing at an alarming rate. The age pool of offenders keeps on decreasing even for violent crimes such as homicide and rape. It is unclear on how the society deteriorated in successive decades since the 1970s crack cocaine epidemic. Street gangs took over droves of students into their establishments while promising acceptance. The programs that came to the aid of the criminal justice system were two pronged. The primary program is prevention. This program holds the potential to safeguard schoolchildren who are yet to succumb to the pressures and circumstances around ...

FBI VS Jewish Defense League

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has been in operation as a major criminal investigation bureau in the US. This national crime-fighting agency of security goal is to protect America and the larger international community from criminal dangers that affect the world today (US Department of Justice, 2011). It was started in 1908 when Theodore Roosevelt was the president of the US by Robert Bonaparte (Weiner, 2013). Robert Bonaparte was the then attorney general of the US. It started as a task force of special agents, whose work was to track the major crimes that were happening in various ...

Introduction

Violence within prison complexes is common in almost all parts of the world. The violence can originate from staff or inmate. The correctional systems in several countries attempted newer approaches to incarceration in order to avoid violence on prison complexes. There are very few complexes in the world that have reduced rates of violence or can claim to be violence free. Instead of rehabilitation, prisoners face entrapment in a dangerous game. The level of accountability towards prisoners and their safety diminishes in regions such as Asia, Middle East, and South America. The United Nations established a set of international ...

Dear Editor:

I am writing hopefully to attract the attention of as much as possible amount of people to the problem that exists in our city and that I find especially crucial. It is lack of recreational centers. Indeed, one could say that this problem is not that important as, for instance, the problems of poverty, suicides, or racism. However, lack of recreational centers negatively influences the health of the population and the issues among youth and decreases the level of our city. I am going to explain my opinion. First, I want to notice that recreational centers play one of ...

Introduction

The paper is a case study that focuses on subculture theories. As such, the paper will take an application approach where the theory is explored in the context of Pachuco subculture. The subculture relates to Mexican-American gang which developed in the 1930s (Sanchez, n.d.). The subculture was characterized by delinquent behavior thus forming a suitable case to apply the subculture theories.

Understanding the Emergence of Pachuco Subculture

Bourdieu argues that there are four forms of capital namely social, economic, and cultural and symbolic. To understand the emergence of the subculture, first, the social form of capital is applied. According to Bourdieu, social capital refers to ...

Introduction

The Mexican Mafia or La eMe is a ruthless California prison gang. Formed in the 1950s initially to stay safe inside the prison complex especially from the violence perpetrated by other gangs. The La eMe comprised of a small band of gang leaders of other gangs. This gang at present has allegiance with over one thousand street gangs in Los Angeles alone. The La eMe imposes a code of conduct for other gang members to follow. In addition, it takes a tax for protection purposes. The prison gang operates based on a separate code. The contents include lifetime membership, ...

Answers to Questions One: Gang Intervention/ Prevention Program

An example of a gang intervention/prevention program: Mass Campaign against Gang Membership and Activities Gangs in the United States have become a big problem in society. They engage in criminal activities and disturb the peace with every opportunity that they get. It is, therefore, important that these gangs be prevented from recruiting members and committing a crime. It is the duty of both the government and every citizen of the United States to participate in gang prevention and intervention activities. Christian Outreach Planning Associates Incorporated or simply COPA is an organization that conducts sensitization campaigns against gang activity. There ...

«The City of God» - that is how they call the poor slums of Rio de Janeiro, it is a place where poverty coexist with the highest amount of crime - local kids get guns after they learn how to walk. Since the favelas were built to isolate the city center from the poor neighborhoods, the law eventually eft this place and the local gangs began to rule the streets. The narrator of the story, a guy named Rocket (Alexandre Rodrigues) tells about three generations of gangs, which lived in the favela. The film starts with a beautifully shot ...

Introduction

Australia is one of the many countries in which moral panics have resulted to elevated racism. The concerns about crime and the fear of crime in many Australian cities including Sydney have greatly shaped lifestyles and have influenced the qualities of life. It is evidently that crime in many Australian cities is continually being linked to immigrants and other ethnic minorities. In Australia, in the recent years, the issue of crime committed by ethnic minorities and immigrants has been the subject of many media headlines and has greatly shaped policies, both domestic and international. The 9/11 attacks in the ...

The drug war in Mexico has left more than 100,000 people dead in Mexico in just the past couple of years. “El Chapo” Guzmán Loera, the leader of the largest drug trafficking organization in Mexico and his capture grabs much attention in the media. Still, there are speculations if the drug war can really end just by capturing the leader. Drug gangs are active and have no fear of the law. The slaying of Gisela Mota, the mayor of Texmico, just one day after she took office is an example of dangers faced by the society and ...

Every person wants to have and live in a peaceful community, a place with no threats of violence. One of the known causes of violence in many communities is the gang violence. There are many evidence showing that problems pertaining to gangs are proliferating different small and large cities across the country. Which is why establishing an anti-gang program is an important approach in order to address the associated problems with gang in the communities. The purpose of this writing is to design an anti-gang program based on the essential components proposed by either a state or federal program ...

(Institute/University/College)

Introduction

In the study of Freng (2001), the factors of racial background as well as ethnic origins have long found an association with criminal conduct. Even from the years that slavery was practiced in the United States, debates and arguments on the inordinate representation of minorities either in conflict or in the custody of one element of the criminal justice system have been proffered as to whether this overrepresentation is the result of bigoted policies being implemented by the authorities or are these instances only proffer that these minorities are genetically inclined towards criminal conduct. In addition, since ethnic ...

Music has a key role in speech and communication since it may be used as a way to pass information to a group of people that may not be understood by some others. Rap is one of the most used genres in giving information to a set of people mostly the teenagers. The young generation is a group that is mostly attracted to rap music; hence, the artists use it to pass information to the teens that the older people may not fully understand. The songs influence the way the teens communicate because they bring new vocabularies and understanding. ...

Al Capone was an enigma of the "Roaring Twenties." As a gangster, Al Capone rose to be the boss of one of the largest organized crime syndicates in American history at the time. The name of the gang was the Chicago Outfit (Pasley, 2004). Born as Alphonse Gabriel Capone, he perhaps serves as a representation of American society in the 1920s. A push towards liberalism meant that people let down their guard in enforcing the social fabrics that the American Society had hitherto been built on since the nation's founding. The desire for quick rich schemes rose exponentially because ...

The response of states to the emergence in the second half of the 20th century as a result of civil unrest and armed conflicts of large numbers of refugees in Africa and Latin America became the adoption of a number of regional agreements. For example, the Organization of African Unity (OAU) 1969 on Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa and the 1984 Cartagena Declaration on Refugees included in the number of refugees also people fleeing from war or civil armed conflicts, seriously disturbing public order in the country. Time has proved the necessity and effectiveness of these instruments ...

The community has been struggling with the efforts to have a proper justice system for youth offenders. It is inevitable that there are a lot of crimes that are perpetuated by youths. Juvenile justice system has been designed to cater their needs. This would include the immediate family of the offender. What is really the essence of juvenile justice system? The treatment for youth offenders over the years has been changing. In the ancient times, the crimes made by youth are still punishable on the same level with adult’s punishment. This has been contested through civilizations. In the ...