Essays on Gendered

For most academics, the story of Sir Gawain is centred on the three hunting versus bedroom scenes in the tale. Notably it is a binding of similarities and differences between these linked passages that has been fodder for academics to banter over for many years. The tale goes that the lord and Sir Gawain rise around dawn to set out on their hunt and then return with their kill. Immediately after the lady tempts Sir Gawain in the privacy of his bedroom. Then Gawain joins the lord to celebrate their morning kill. The story repeats itself three times, the ...

Introduction

Desirable Daughters is a novel by Bharati Mukherjee that seeks to illustrate the intricate relations that exist between the Indian caste system and the Western experiences of the immigrants in an effort towards reconciling the world views regarding the feminist gap between the two cultures. In a bid to reveal the intricacies of the caste system in India, Mukherjee delves deeper into the nature of three sisters in the novel and the circumstances they find themselves as they try to fit in different societies. From the outset, it is worth noting that the three sisters from Calcutta belong to ...

Postmodernism is a broad term covering a wide set of ideas that shape various aspects of society based upon postmodern theory. Postmodernism based its way of gaining knowledge on multiple ways rather than just relying on reason and senses, as it was in modernism. It can be said that postmodernism is more skeptic of the previous approaches towards gaining knowledge and questions the existence of objective truth ("An Overview Of Premodernism, Modernism, & Postmodernism"). Cultural postmodernism refers to the effects of postmodernism on music, art, customs, laws, morals, and other aspects of culture. Economic postmodernism, on the other hand, deals ...

Introduction/Problem Statement

Despite much hullabaloo on women's equality and empowerment, it is not yet ascertained that the fairer sex is considered as equal when it comes to employment. Four decades after the enactment of Equal Pay Act, research finds that the salary of female bosses runs 35 percent short of their male colleagues. Statistics galore revealing the wage differential across occupations and industries. By contrast, critics on the 'right' opine that the pay gap is just a 'myth' as women deserve to get paid less because they work in less demanding jobs than male counterparts. Obviously, the issue carries much heft ...

The social construction of gender is a prevailing concern among many social theorists and modern culture, particularly as society becomes more aware of the often arbitrary delineations between what is ‘male’ or ‘female’ about things like behavior, dress and attitude. Aaron Devor’s “Gender Role Behaviors and Attitudes” explicitly explores these issues of the cultural construct of gender, particularly the ways in which male and female behaviors are defined and categorized. This becomes especially important in the context of Mariah Burton Nelson’s “I Won, I’m Sorry,” which looks at these stratified gender behaviors in the context of ...

Discussion Board Posts

Main post starting a thread: “Closing the Wealth Gap: A Review of Racial and Ethnic Inequalities in Homeownership” by Meghan Kuebler Home ownership does not represent an equally realizable goal for all groups in the society, despite the fact that it is a very important investment that may secure a family’s future for generations to come. Although owning a home has been part of the American dream historically, not all groups in the society have had equal access to this privileged position as home owner. In reality, Whites are more likely than any other racial group to own ...

The purpose of this paper is to facilitate the recognition of gender differences in our life in different contexts. There are many types of close relationship in which a person get involve throughout his life, and all types of relationship are different but one thing between them is common, and that is communication. It is a compulsory part of a relationship. There are different kinds of relationships in which gender plays its part through communication. For example, male/female relation, male/male relation, and female/female relation, etc. The relationship I am engaged in and will discuss in this paper is with ...

Introduction

The current complex global business and social settings require various skills that ease the process of interactions. Negotiation is one of the areas where every individual (s) must focus especially because of the reality that disagreements will always emerge at varying levels of interactions. However, negotiations do not always apply when there are conflicts that may cause adverse consequences (Cohen, 2013). The reality is that negotiations apply even when a buyer and a seller decide on the best price for an item. The fact that men and women acts in varying capacities as either sales executives means that they ...

English

In this essay, we would like to provide the answers to the next questions. Those are: What is a social research? What are the scientific methods of social research? Why are social researches important nowadays? The results of our theoretical part we will present with the help of the actual social research analysis. For this task, we chose the article by Mignon R. Moore 'Gendered Power Relations among Women: A Study of Household Decision Making in Black, Lesbian Stepfamilies'. We will analyze the methods the author used and the conclusions she got. Sociology is a science which studies the ...

IMAGE OF MASCULINITY WITHIN THE SPACE OF SAUDI ARABIAN AND ALGERIAN CULTURE

Introduction The space in the literature is the physically existing environment in which the characters live and plot the action takes place. An aspect of the space is needed for the reader to further clarification. The space in the written description helps to highlight significant plot developments, specific places in which the characters live and act. Space refers to the story through both actions and thoughts of heroes. Aspect space consists of all spatial frameworks and places mentioned in the text, which cannot be a place of real events. The world in a literary work in the space-time sense ...

Marriage is a tradition that is practiced and honored all over the world. It signifies the birth of a relationship that grants couples the privilege to build families and an enduring kinship ties. Studies show that people who are happily married have more desirable benefits and experiences than those who are unmarried, cohabiting, widowed, or separated (Shariff 557). Specifically, married individuals have better parenting styles, stronger support systems, greater economic security, greater financial resources, healthier psychological status, more desirable emotional wellbeing, greater physical health, and longer life. Marriage practices in Western countries are different from those of other societies. ...

Sex and sexuality is one of the most important issues pertaining to women and gender studies. While sex refers to an individual’s gender, sexuality refers to an individual’s expression as a human being, which begins at birth and continues until death (Weeks 9). Sexuality is also defined as the relationship between an individual’s gender role and identity, body image, sexual orientation and relationships (Weeks 7). In other words, sexuality constitutes an individual’s values, attitudes, behavior and knowledge, and is mostly influenced by the family, culture and society. Some of the major sources of sexuality are ...

CHAPTER THREE: MAN AND ARAB MASCULINITY

As Carabí and Armengol (2014) show in their study, Arab masculinity is a hybrid concept entailing adherence to traditional patriarchal values held for centuries in the Arabic world and supported by the religious component of Islam; however, it also “allows liberal values” which might contradict this traditional patterns. Cultural and societal representation of Arab masculinity is thereby rather complex and might emerge in a variety of contexts including family and society on the larger scale. In these representations, stereotypical images of man in traditional Arab context might enclose controversies and correlations between liberal-secular masculinity and conservative masculinity image entrenched ...

Introduction

One of the most widely-appreciated and distinct films of last year, 2015’s Mad Max: Fury Road, demonstrates many attributes of genderlect theory and its principles in its communication between its male and female characters. Taking an explicitly feminist subtext in its exploration of a group of women (Imperator Furiosa and the Five Wives) overthrowing their masculine oppressors with the help of a pair of supportive male allies (“Mad” Max Rockatansky and the War Boy Nux), the film and its character interactions are explicitly about the need for men and women to communicate more effectively, and the clear benefits ...

In a society that believes in the adage, "sex sells", it is no wonder how food companies and advertisers are using sexualized images, particularly of women, to advertise their food and products. Society holds certain stereotypes of the ideal woman as skinny and often advertisers use this perception to advertise their products. Thus, an image advertising food or any other product that portrays a woman as anything but skinny and beautiful would be frowned upon and sales would not be favorable. There are instances when women are portrayed as voracious about food. However, these images and advertisements only use ...

Gender bias goes against the growing spirit of women. With females scaling heights in almost every field, subtle forms of discrimination as glass ceiling obliterate the very nature of a transparent and healthy business ambiance. While the induction of three women combat pilots for the first time in Indian Air Force speaks of their grit, changing entrepreneurial landscape in the America and the rest of the world well reflects the growing potential of the fairer sex. Ironically, a significant gender gap still exists in employer firms despite increasing numbers of women as owners of small businesses. In addition to ...

Literature Review

Before indulging in gender-related issues within the hospitality industry, it is important to understand the role women play in it. According to Baum and Cheung (2015), Within the industry, women make up nearly 70% of the workforce, however paradoxically there is a marked under-representation of women in senior positions, with women holding less than 40% of all managerial positions, less than 20% of general management roles and between 5-8% of board positions . An immense amount of literature exists on gender-related issues encountered in the hospitality industry, especially by females. From discriminatory recruitment policies to salary differentials to sexual harassment ...

Human Sexuality

According to Stahly and Corrigan (2012), gender identity is explained as a concept that involves the identification and perception of self in relation to one’s either masculine or feminine traits. The society perceives a clear distinction between masculinity and femininity and their associated roles and features. In this case, boys are expected to be rough and engage in sports as well as being assertive and confident with excellent leadership skills. On the other hand, girls are supposed to be gentle and sensitive, and also carry themselves with ease and poise. However, there are other categories that are not ...

Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter is one of the most famous novels by the American romantic writer. While the novel is well-known for its depiction of the relationships between the characters, and the romantic plots and subplots, the novel also has great value as a historical study of the Puritan period. Puritan society was a highly gendered society, with strict gender roles for men and women, and a well-established patriarchal society. Explorations of the novel, and of the depiction of Hester’s character, her punishment, and her actions in the novel can help reveal whether Hawthorne was realistically ...

The Gender Discrimination in Criminal Justice System

Introduction Traditionally, women have not been viewed as criminals because of their less aggressive nature, making the act of crime to be mainly associated with the male gender. There are several theories brought forth to explain why the female gender would, or would not engage in crime. The theories, however, do not provide satisfactory explanations to the phenomenon leading to counterarguments. Also, the criminal justice of the United States of America has been viewed as discriminatory because it fails to address the gender needs of female offenders whose number has increased over time. This essay discusses the historical perspectives, ...

Occupational segregation is one of the spheres where the fact that women’s skills and talents are often underestimated becomes obvious. Of course, the situation at workplaces concerning women’s equality with men has changed greatly in recent decades and this change has mostly been for the better. But in many aspects, especially financial ones, women are still lagging behind. Women face various problems when they try to find a well-paid job; when they are not promoted as fast as their male colleagues; and when they have to decide what they want or need more – successful careers or happy ...

Throughout history, Bollywood films have illustrated a representation of women in India in various forms. Arguably, it is certain that Bollywood films comprise of gender-based stereotypes. The female characters, situations, and plots concerning women in Indian films have been steered by stereotypical ideologies. Across the globe, extensive research had indicated that Indian films top the list of undermining women. Moreover, a sample survey established that Indian females, for an extended period of time, have portrayed females in sexualized roles. It is well-known that the notion of objectifying women on the screen has been a conspicuous issue that the films ...

LITERATURE REVIEW

Advantages of Home Schooling The first advantage of homeschooling that emerges from literature is the need for family members to bond. According to Arai (2014), keeping children at home rather than at school helps parents to have a close-knit family. Many parents regard homeschooling as an opportunity for them to learn more about their children and for the children to learn more about them. Arai (2014) notes that parents whose children have undergone homeschooling would make comments such as “we’re much stronger as a family now” or “homeschooling has brought all of us together as a family” (Arai, ...

WHY MANY FEMALE ARCHITECTS CHOOSE TO REMAIN INVISIBLE WHEN OPERATING WITHIN A MALE-FEMALE ARCHITECTURAL PARTNERSHIP

In the architectural practice, the majority of the women architects have chosen to operate as invisible while operating within the male-female architectural partnership. The women are typically invisible based on leadership, academic success, and merit in practice. The paper will discuss the personal and professional reasons among the females to involve themselves in a male-female partnership. Some people argue that the women devote themselves in the partnerships for romance purpose. Furthermore, the historical timelines of the male-female partnerships will be useful in creating more understanding on the topic. Our argument will be based on those women that who have ...

Economic development, as scholars have cited, is synonymous with the concept of modernization (Diarsi 1996). Modernization and development refer to the progression of society from conservative opinions towards an inclusive and liberal approach where people enjoy equality irrespective of their gender or race. Modern society also assimilates the concept of a 'just' society where women have equal access to resources as their male counterparts and disparities regarding job opportunities, wages, and social status are either non-existent or negligible. Theoretically, modernization should be one of the automatic outcomes of economic development; however, practical examples may not testify this theoretical hypothesis. ...

Summary of the Thesis or Main Ideas in this Book

Thesis statement Travesti: Sex, Gender, and Culture among Brazilian Transgendered Prostitutes use dramatic and compelling narratives to highlight the plight of homosexuals as well as give an insight of transgenderism and biological sex as part of the gendered notion itself. Travestis are a group of males who adopt feminine lifestyles, names, and clothing as well as linguistic pronouns and depend mainly on prostitution for survival. The author gives a deep analysis of transgendered approaches used by society to understand homosexuals and LGBT prostitutes. Kulick examines the causative effects of Travesti prostitution and gives a positive and affirmative explanation to ...

In apublic setting, men and women adopt various ways for ensuringnonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication comprises of all communication elements such as body language, hand gestures, etc except words. The patterns are different because of difference in way of communication. In a public setting, nonverbal communication is associated with culture and gender, and culture exerts its influence on non verbal communication of males and females (Wood, 2015). People communicate in non verbal manner according to their cultural beliefs and norms. With the help of nonverbal communication men and women can communicate in social gatherings with friends, family, and other people. ...

In a public setting, men and women adopt various ways for ensuring nonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication comprises of all communication elements such as body language, hand gestures, etc except words. The patterns are different because of difference in way of communication. In a public setting, nonverbal communication is associated with culture and gender, and culture exerts its influence on non verbal communication of males and females (Wood, 2015). In the same manner, verbal communication is influenced by culture, which can be analyzed from the fact that masculine speaking style is preferred in public speaking. People communicate in non verbal ...

Introduction

The contemporary system of medical service has its respective roots in the health care system of the 19th century, where the dominating industrialization has resulted in the occurrence and further development of scientific medicine (Connerley and Wu, 2016). From the historical point of view, medical services have been provided by anyone who possesses enough skill/knowledge to be capable of healing people. In fact the majority of those people were the women (Evetts, 2000). According to the statistics of those days, it was less than 5% of women comprising the number of physicians working in the United States. The highest ...

We live in a world where toys are color-coded blue for boys and pink for girls. TV commercials for certain products food included are focused on men on one hand and others target women. Women have been cultured to be fond of “chick flicks” which are predominantly romantic comedies whereas men are meant to watch action movies and soccer. Roles and plays have been highly gendered. These cultural assumptions have been in existence since time immemorial. Therefore, the thesis by which this paper is guided is two-fold: there is a direct causative relationship between the cultural assumptions on gender ...

Introduction

For years, women have always considered men to be their protectors; particularly those they are engaged or married to. As long as there has been delinquency, there have been women who are fearful of criminal acts and certain crimes that turns them into victims. Some people think that if a person grows up in a rough part of town or even live in a bad neighborhood, they are able to stand up to just about anything or anybody; completely immune to any unlawful misconduct that takes place in that neighborhood. Parenthetically, men and women are susceptible to the same ...

Most families today are dual-earner, as many women have entered the workforce, either because of financial needs, or because of their wish to pursue a career and to be financially independent. While the gender gap is closing on the labour market, at home, the patriarchal ideology is reaffirmed by means of the division of household chores. Whereas men had to assume a share of the household chores, in most families, women continue to perform most of the chores which have been traditionally assigned to them. The purpose of this paper is to analyse how the current gender division of ...

An analysis of the studies showed that all of them related different aspects of the research of inequality and gender issues. Zajacova (2006) researched the issue of impact of schooling on mortality, Riegle-Crumb and Humphries (2012) developed a study related bias of math teachers towards male and female students, the study of Martin (1998) concerned gender issues in preschools, Mihelich and Storrs (2003) suggested cultural and religious changes related gender outlook, Diprete and Buchmann (2006) considered value of education from male and female perspectives, Bobbitt-Zeher (2007) concerned the issues related success in education and its impact on future earnings from ...

Introduction

There are fundamental gender differences in organizational management styles, values, leadership strategies and policy preferences, which constitute barriers to women’s ascendancy to the highest levels of leadership. These differences not only condition women’s leadership/managerial styles, but also shape the effectiveness of any such styles, which in turn reflect on their participation in public administration. This paper distils the existent conceptual, theoretical and empirical models on public administration, gender disparities, and underlying factors that prevent women’s upward mobility as well as the subsequent effect on organizational outcomes. Ultimately, however, management and leadership styles in any context continue ...

Gender norms can be defined as the sets of rules stating what the appropriate masculine and feminine behavior is in a given culture (Ryle, 2012). Additionally, Gender norms are the standards of behaviors and manifestations that nourish the traits we expect from each gender. There are certain supposed standards of traits that define the line between the two genders.

Some of the norms that have persisted since a long time are:

- Men are supposed to be masculine and powerful, taking in charge of activities while women are supposed to be feminine and passive, supportive of men and yet sexy. - Men are considered free to be explorative in terms ...

Introduction

Gender disparity stands as among the most debilitating social issues every nation has experienced. As a problem deeply ingrained in societal and cultural ties, gender disparity provides key implications to international development policies, programmes and projects. Although roles within different societies assigned per gender may appear as a natural way of life, it is nevertheless correct to assert as well that gender-based oppression is also apparent. Therefore, this study seeks to address gender awareness in light of its implications to the concept of fulfilling international development agendas. Without the promotion of gender awareness, international development agendas would not fully emancipate. Through a ...

Aubrey, J.S., & Frisby, C.M. (2011). Sexual objectification in music videos: a content analysis comparing gender and genre. Mass Communication and Society 14: 475-501.

In this article, Aubrey and Frisby (2011) create a coding system which measures the correlations between representations of women and sexual objectification. According to their findings, female artists provide a greater amount of sexual objectification in their videos, and are placed under greater pressure to appear more attractive and glamorous. They are also more likely to showcase sexually suggestive behavior and attitudes. This evidences adds to the argument that women are problematically presented in popular culture and media, as they are placed under a male gaze to be as attractive as possible; a woman’s sexuality is shown to be her primary feature, ...

Introduction

After a long struggle, it seems today that women have achieved equality after many centuries of oppression. Women have acquired financial independence and a strong voice in the public space. In addition, women are now present in politics and respected as leadership figures. This does not mean however that the Western societies have reached gender equality. Moreover, it is not even clear that being equal necessary fulfills women’s needs, particularly since, this equality was obtained by bringing women’s status close to that of men, in a patriarchal society which defines needs primarily through a man’s point of view. Therefore, this paper ...

Why did Sutherland play such a prominent role in discovering “white-collar crime” in the sense of defining it and making it an object of criminological study? Sutherland’s interest in “white-collar crime” was stirred by the realization that most conventional criminological theories were focused and applicable only to crimes usually perpetrated by the lower-class. He believed that his own theory of differential association was both applicable to lower-class and upper-class individuals. His interest was even more reinforced when the stock market crashed in 1929. With the country and many of the people suffering from economic depression, Sutherland became more ...

Most of the poems of Phillis Wheatley and Anne Bradstreet address the themes of religion, slavery, gender and race. In my work, I will pay close attention to the themes of gender and race. The theme of gender and race brings out the inequality and unfairness of the society. From the poems of both writers, men consider themselves superior beings and say that women must show respect and remain submissive always. The place of women in the society is undermined, and their roles not clearly defined. On issues of race, the white Englishmen claim to be the masters of ...

There are many aspects by which a country and be judged and found gender biased. Determining factors include education, employment opportunities, as well as rates of domestic violence. All of these contributing factors will often paint where the women of a nation stand. In many countries around the world, these traits are seen very clearly. The women of India are at an obvious disadvantage, as are the women in many African cultures. However, some societies around the world have hidden gender inequalities. The people of Honduras provide a good example of how plain the inequality can be without being noticed by the ...

Business Communication

Human relations constitute the basis of communication, collaboration and progress. At times, these positive outcomes of human relation interactions can suffer breakages, which generate conflicts. There are various causes and sources of conflicts and their effects are varied, but there are also effective strategies for managing the conflicts. In their study, “Business Communication”, Shwom and Snyder dedicate an entire chapter, entitled “Working with others. Interpersonal, Intercultural, and Team Communication”, for identifying the causes and sources of conflict as well as for presenting ways and strategies to manage conflicts. Communication is composed of two segments: speaking and listening ...

Introduction

In her article ‘What It Means to be Gendered Me: Life on the Boundaries of a Dichotomous Gender System”, Betsy Lucal convinces the reader of the inappropriateness of the society’s habit of forcing its members to “do gender” or simply ascribe to the formulated roles of the two main genders. She does this by employing an informal tone, detached diction and an inferior common ground to place her readers on the level of an individual who has been denied the right to exist freely without gender constraints. The audience of the author’s article is the general society. ...

‘Instructor’s Name’

What it means to be gendered me In her article, ‘What It Means to Be Gendered Me: Life on the Boundaries of a Dichotomous Gender System’, Betsy Lucal explicates the insinuations of living in a gendered society, which recognizes only two genders. Lucal is a woman who is often mistaken to be a male, and in this essay she uses these experiences to analyze the construction of gender. She delineates the negative consequences that might arise, when people exhibit gender behaviors that does not confirm with the normal accepted behavior of that gender, and how to respond to these difficulties. In ...

Abstract

This paper considers the problems, such as how sexual harassment and flirting become interchangeable in a social context and lead to suppression of sexual harassment, when there are no significant definitions that delineate them. It also shows the need to have such a definition in a culture that has not been able to give women an equality status in the society. By observations and collating anecdotal data, a survey of the factors that could potentially be regarded as crossing over the line of flirtations and treading on sexual harassment are listed. Offline and Online encounters are considered for this purpose. The paper finds ...

In the study conducted by authors Alex B. Van Zant and Laura J. Kray, they explored on the concept of truthfulness and honesty. In the study, the researchers stated their objective as attempting to limit the incidence by which people lie. They hypothesized that lying and deception can be averted if face-to-face interaction can instigate moral concern as with the other forms of communication. Simplifying this, the authors believed that when interaction is direct and visual, the possibility of deception will be averted. The authors’ further claims that with face-to-face interaction the players in the communication process will feel ...

IMPACT OF GENDER ON OCCUPATIONAL HISTORY

Introduction There is an understanding that gender differences are highly influential when it comes to hiring and employment, most especially because there are jobs that are gender-specific, even though the other gender is not condemned from taking on those, particularly on an occupational basis. For that, one may think that it is better to be a female with specific characteristics when one is taking on a particular job, while another job may require workers to be male with distinct features as well. The nature of the work somewhat dictates gender requirements among jobs, but other occupations, particularly those that are ...

Men and women tend to behave in different and distinct ways in the process of socialization. There are specific actions that men as well as women either consciously or unconsciously do that depict the gendered roles assigned by the society. The following is a summary of an observation on the gendered roles in both men and women in a cafeteria. The observation lasted for one hour. I observed a total of twenty-two men and eighteen women. Fifteen men and sixteen women came accompanied (one man was accompanied by two women). The rest came unaccompanied. Whereas it is expected that people walk ...

The story of women in science and technology throughout the ages is a deeply inspirational account of how a class of females, most of whose names have been lost through the great annals of time, helped change the world for the better. How can a lot of people have missed this truth? It seems, as one will reflect upon the current stature of women folk in society these days, that there has been a deliberate gap in introducing the concept to the populace. Most people have never heard about them. How come? In this present time and age where -- throughout the ...

Gender can be defined as an individual’s feelings, behaviors that certain cultures relate with persons’ biological sex and attitude. It represents how one feels about their gender and how they express it though masculinity or feminism. Therefore, a behavior that is found to conform to the cultural expectations is thus gender-normative, and those that are incompatible with the cultural expectations amount to gender non-conformity. However, psychologists look at gender in three aspects which include: differences in presentations, traits and actions; an individual’s dissimilarity in those who identify as either female or male; the influence of gender on men ...

Abstract

Labor supply – a country’s population – and human capital – the skills and capabilities of the workforce – are two of the main drivers of economic growth and development. Hence, most developed countries with high GDP rates are those with large populations and highly skilled human capital. Governments build human capital through increased educational opportunities and high quality education. Furthermore, developed countries has implemented systems in place to take advantage of both male and female workers. Nonetheless, in patriarchal societies such as Arab states, culture and religion hinders countries from taking advantage of women’s economic contributions. The research focuses on the ...

Kids like to play with toys. They are fun, but they also play an important role in how children learn about themselves, the world, and what it means to be a man or a woman. This type of socialization starts at a young age and continues into adulthood. Many psychologists, sociologists and parents accuse the toy industry of programming children’s sexuality, exploiting gender politics and reinforcing negative and repressive sexual stereotypes. However, the toy industry is in the business of making toys and money. The toy company marketing strategies are not a diabolical conspiracy to brainwash children or influence their sexuality. Parents ...

Monique Wittig asserts that lesbians are not women. The argument has not only excited academic and non-academic interest, but perhaps most importantly, it defies dominant cultural definitions and categorizations of sexuality and gender. This argument also threatens the established theoretical structure of political work that is founded upon women’s identity, including feminism. There is effectively no natural categorization of women, and thus equally no natural subject matter upon which feminism could be founded. Hale questions the possibility that women do not exist outside the conceptual context of the heterosexual political regimes. Instead, Hale develops an alternative construction of ...

As stated by Simone De Beauvoir ‘One is not born woman, but becomes one’, (Beauvoir 295) gender is a socially constructed phenomenon rather than the biological phenomenon. Alice Baker, The true beauty lies in the self realization. It is not limited to the outer part or the bodily features of the woman, but beauty lies deep in the heart of the woman, in her self-realization. Outer beauty is temporary, whereas inner beauty is long lasting. Alice Walker in “Beauty: When the Other Dancer Is the Self” conveys the real definition of beauty describes the gender issues through apparently look small ...

ABSTRACT

The study is aimed to assess whether gender affects citizens’ perceptions about punishment for domestic violence taking place within the United States’ society. The research is conducted in order to answer three questions, including discovering: 1) the major differences between the way that men and women view punishment for domestic violence, 2) the forms of punishment that are supported by the two different genders for those convicted of domestic violence and 3) how far can gender explain differences in opinion regarding domestic violence as an overall issue in society? This study was completed using a quantitative research methodology with a ...

For centuries, various societies have always defined the role of women and men. These roles continue to change and evolve as time pass. However, it is only in recent times that women began to break away from the roles that defined them. Nowadays, there is more of a demand throughout many societies for women to be seen and treated as equal to a man. In Susan Glaspell's "Trifles" and Henrik Ibsen's "A Doll's House", both writers' uses female protagonists in situations that many would think of as being male dominate. Glaspell and Ibsen use the female characters point of view ...

“ARE WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT VICTIMS OF THE PHANTOM OF THE MALE NORM?”

Introduction Billing (2011) analyzes the state of gender pressure on women at different workplaces. The accepted assumption is that there exists a pressure on women within workplaces because of their gender characteristics. Social environment shows some norms that are male dominance. At many workplaces, managers claim that there is equality between genders. In contrast, according to many academicians, workplaces have a male dominant culture and women workers are treated differently from male workers (Acker, 2006). After being regular workers, women managers go into transformation. The organization culture expects them to fulfill some requirements for being managers. According to many ...

Introduction

This book is a collection of short stories, reflecting on the author’s experiences as influenced by the American culture. This was important to the author, especially because she was still familially bound to the influence of her Mexican heritage. The short stories in the book revolve around the social roles that women have in the society, and the relationships that women have with men and other women in the society. Most of the characters used in the books are stereotypical. The men as depicted in the book personify male machismo. On the other hand, women are shown as generally ...

While the hit Netflix television series “Orange is the New Black” has succeeded in pulling back the curtain a bit on the situation facing woman in the criminal justice system; popular notions, assumptions and stereotypes of female offenders remain misleading at best or completely false at worst. More importantly, however, public policy continues to ignore the special status of women offenders despite the fact, as the show illustrates, of major differences in the types of crimes in which women commit crimes and the frequency in which they commit them. Even though the traditional portrayal of women in the criminal ...

- Incident Light exhibition at Blackwood Gallery Incident Light: Gendered Artifacts and Traces Illuminated in the Archives is a collection of works from Middle Eastern and South Asian artists that aim to convey to the fore facts of gender and sexuality using photography of illuminated art pieces. Leila Pourtavaf and AzarMahmoudian present Iranian Art among other regional works from Tara Najd Ahmadi& Hannah Darabi, AlaDehghanMaryam Jafri, Jumana Manna, Nahed Mansour, The Otolith Group and Tejal Shah. The use of incident light avails to a professional the capability to keep focus to the viewers’ attention to a subject through illumination while ...