Essays on Generalization

Joseph L Badaracco’s article “The Discipline of Building Character” discusses three cases in the workplace setting when the manager’s are called upon to take difficult decisions. The decisions that they take involves something beyond the moral dilemmas which makes the decision making difficult. They are faced with two right courses of actions out of which they must decide on one. In making these decisions, they are called upon to minimize or eliminate conflicts with their values or character, with the organization and with the society. In other words, the moments of the decision making are identified as ‘ ...

Abstract

The impact of coffee (caffeine) on diabetes is an issue that has not found significant exploration in past literature. The general hypothesis and one that has been adopted in this study is that coffee and particularly it major ingredient caffeine has significant positive influence on prevention of diabetes in humans. In this experiment, the researchers utilized a sample of eleven mice that had a genetic mutation for becoming diabetic. These mice were subjected to a diet of water (control group) and diluted coffee in the experimental group (Yamauchi et al., 2010). It was assumed that the experimental group would ...

Introduction

According to the New World Encyclopedia (2016), a gender role is an arrangement of behavioral standards related especially with guys or females in a given social gathering or framework, regularly including the division of work amongst men and ladies and the orderly complex of kid raising and socialization forms driving youth toward developing to propagate a similar example. Sex based parts incidental with sex-based parts have been the standard in numerous customary social orders, with the particular segments and workings of the sexual orientation/sex arrangement of part division fluctuating extraordinarily from society to society. Sexual orientation part is a ...

Introduction

With the evolution of the nature and complexity of civil cases, it has become imperative that the law firm develops and implement a case tracking and management systems (CTM). The CTM is geared towards achieving efficiency and overall effectiveness in the process of filing, early phases, pretrial, trial, judgment, appeals, and enforcement of civil cases. The CTM also factors in the cases that are poached by twists and turns making it easier to recover and proceed. For a local firm that works and specializes in civil matters, a CTM would prove to be critically instrumental in comprehensive monitoring and ...

This paper provides examples of internal and external validity from empirical qualitative peer-reviewed academic articles relating to project management in the oil and gas industry. The paper is divided into four sections highlighting internal validity, inferential external validity, theoretical external validity, and a discussion. Internal validity refers to the ‘truth value’ of the research, allowing the researcher to demonstrate a level of truth or believability in their research (Newman & Benz, 1998), specifically referring to “the causal relationships between variables and results” (Gibbert, Ruigrok, & Wicki, 2008, p. 1466). Olsen et al. (2008) address internal validity as follows: Regarding internal validity, ...

All Americans are afforded freedom and safety to live their lives, but unfortunately, this is not the case for the LGBT (Lesbians, Gays, Bisexual and Transgender) community, specifically speaking the use of public restrooms. It is all too common for them to endure harassment and even violence while attempting to live their lives in peace. We owe it to ourselves to discuss a way forward in public policy and our societal norms, so they do not have to continue to live in fear. The originators of our constructed surroundings have made open offices that are isolated by sexual orientation, ...

Qualitative research is relatively new to nursing research. Despite its being usually underused and undervalued, qualitative research is increasingly contributing to nursing knowledge (Hall, 2006). The purpose of this paper is to compare qualitative and quantitative research in order to examine their differences. The comparison will be done by examining an article using the qualitative method and two articles using the quantitative method. All articles are on the same topic, cystic fibrosis. All articles were published in well-known and reputable journals. The qualitative article is by Carpenter and Narsavage (2004) and the quantitative ones are by De Bias, et ...

CHAPTER 4PART I4. How can critical thinkers counteract confirmation bias?

A critical thinker should seek information from different sources. An issue at hand is considered from different perspectives and using Six Thinking Hats technique.5 What is an expert? An expert is a person who can acquire evidence and information that are superior to those of an ordinary person. 6 What should be our attitude toward a claim that conflicts with the expert opinion? The claim that is inconsistent with the expert advice should not shut down the possibilities that the allegations are untrue. As the law may require we may be forced or use personal intuition to judge between ...

Marital Satisfaction and Work-Family Conflict

The purpose of this paper is to present a proposal for a study on the topic of marital satisfaction and work-family balance. The paper presents the proposal under the subsections objective, subjects for the study, ethical considerations, measurement, data collection methods, and data analysis. 1. Objective The concept of work-family balance refers to the assessment of the whether or not family and work resources are sufficient to satisfy both work and family demands (Voydanoff, 2005). Family and work are central social institutions in an individual’s life and both absorb considerable amounts of an individual’s time. Balancing the ...

Increased live birth delivery of women with natal drinking or smoking: A nursing critique

Abstract Prenatal smoking and alcoholic drinking are for its serious health risks during and after live delivery. Amidst the ethical question on this maternal choice, a contention insists that alcohol and tobacco non-use prenatal and at natal has increased. Doubts on its validity were noted. My hypothesis: the observation came too early both in the national English and the global contexts. The contention was hard to sustain. The diverse factors affecting global decision making work against that contention. Both the American and English data failed to support that contention on the strong reality of the incomplete and potentially unsound ...

Recent research in sociology, psychology, and counseling focuses on multiculturalism and diversity. Multicultural and feminist scholars continue to criticize existing studies that do not address the issues and needs of the marginalized populations based on social status factors like sexual orientation, religion, ethnicity, race, disability, gender, immigration status, etc. From their arguments emerges a greater force that seeks to empower the disadvantaged communities by utilizing socially just practices in research. This essay seeks to highlight ways that research methods can influence social justice initiatives. According to Susan Morrow and Ruth Fassinger different research techniques can obtain social justice objectives. ...

Literature review

The global developments in social, political, economic and technology sphere crucially affect organizational survival in the society. These new changes demand that organizations’ management must oblige to developing new management techniques so that their organizations can cope up with harder competition and more demanding market conditions. To large extents, organizations need to raise the performance of their employees through the power of communication (Erogluer, 2011). From the beginning, written and spoken language is considered the way to share meanings and messages for human societies. Often, the most common means of communication for most organizations is face-to-face communication. Communication is ...

Academic Critique: Intergenerational Conflict in Arab Families: Salient Issues and Sale

In Rasmi and Daly article “Intergenerational Conflict in Arab Families: Salient Issues and scale development” (2015) the two authors explore various types of conflicts that affect most Arab families. Sarah Rasmi is a professor at the American University in Dubai, UAE. Over the past years, she has been involved in culture conflict research focusing on the neglected Arab world by other researchers. Together with her co-author Timothy Daly, who is a professor at the United Arab Emirates University, they have published various articles about Intergenerational Conflicts, Conflict Management and Perceived Parental Rejection and Adjustment. In my opinion, the clear ...

The media have given the depiction of female-instigated violence a partial coverage, and the belief has been otherwise. In fact, the reporting and the perception of the society have been oriented to male- instigated violence and this construed thought has had a place in the media reporting parlance. Based on this desertion, I have realized a series of shortfalls that have often marred reporting and coverage of female instigated violence. Therefore, I can attest that the partiality in this reporting has construed the social mindsets that male propagates most violence, and the public belief has been that female aggressions ...

The Removalist was composed in 1971 by the Australian dramatist, David Williamson. At the end of 1960s-mid 1970s, Australia was bringing all the extra openly articulate, there were many ladies’ benefits, domestic benefits, and the challenging against the Vietnam War. The Removalist is an investigation of the Australian Society amid a to a great degree glamorous time. David Williamson's point when thinking of this play was to make and Australian character in a global show, and doing this he additionally utilized well-known issues as a part of his general public, for example, the debasement and viciousness. In The Removalist, ...

Critical appraisal using PEDro criteria

Conclusion The study provides valuable and reliable insights on self-management of osteoarthritis. In relation to this, the study results indicate that, the adoption OAK (Osteoarthritis of the Knee Self-Management Program) that incorporates healthcare professionals is an effective strategy that can be used to enhanced self-management especially among individuals with osteoarthritis (Coleman et al., 2012). As such, the information provided by the study can be used to create appropriate interventions to enhance the clinical outcomes of individuals with osteoarthritis. Moreover, the study utilized an appropriate study design that enabled the researcher to come up with reliable and valuable findings that ...

The Caribbean: From Emancipation to Independence

In his essay, “The Caribbean: From Emancipation to Independence”, Nikongo Ba’ Nikongo writes that emancipation and freedom for a majority of the people in the Caribbean countries has meant little as the class structure of the colonial times still continue. He says that the societal order that was followed in the colonial times still continues with the Caucasians and the Chinese occupying the top rung due to their interests in business and manufacturing while the Indians and the Africans tend to remain on the lowest rungs. The condition of the Africans in the Caribbean islands is the most pitiful. ...

The present essay describes the seminar on 5HT receptors and Hippocampus Stem cells. Mood and anxiety both are disorders related to cognitive behavior, and they have the similar genetic origin as well as treatment strategies. The research has exhibited that similar neural serotonin receptors are involved in pathological condition of mood and anxiety. Among all cognitive disorders, 10% are related to mood while 15-20% are associated with anxiety, showing mutual comorbidity of 30-60%. The lecturer talked about the Stem cells and neurogenesis in brain citing a quote “In the adult centers, the nerve paths are something fixed, ended, and ...

First of all, I would like to congratulate you on your engagement and upcoming marriage. I wish you all the best in your new life as husband and wife. Marriage is a life-long commitment that requires a lot of work from both parties involved. One of the key things in making a marriage work is effective communication. Communication should be open and truthful at all times, and this may at times prove difficult. You may not always agree on all things and it is therefore important for you to be willing to compromise and ...

Communication

A relationship cannot work without the communication pillar; it is through communication that one couple understands one another. Self-disclosure in a relationship is a vital ingredient that spices up the relationship. Self-disclosure is about being open to our partners; secrets have led to break up of many solid relationships Self-disclosure is a prove that partners can trust each other on all issues evolving around their lives. Partners who are free to disclose their issues to each other are able to achieve a satisfactory relationship, they are free to communicate to each other about their needs, what they like and dislike, it also saves ...

A specific instruction on how to date girls of different ethnicities is what is written by Junot Diaz in “How to Date a Browngirl, Blackgirl, Whitegirl, or Halfie.” This story is generally based on the problem of stereotypes and their role in life of contemporary youth. Within the text, Junot demonstrates the series of generalizations based on the outside characteristics of the different people. The main character demonstrates the tendency to treat women differently based on their ethnicity. With the implementation of such technique, author aimed to demonstrate people’s tendency for generalization that is the norm of wide acceptance ...

Personally, I agree with Terri Orbuch’s view on consistent quality communication in marriage. Through consistent quality communication, couples are provided a key to a good marriage. Couples should make a point to find quality time to communicate well with each other; consistent quality communication creates trust and respect. For couples, communication is sharing and thoroughly knowing each other well through the years of marriage. A quality communication is not obtained over night, instead a lifetime healthy marriage adjustments that result to harmony and understanding in a relationship. Happy marriage and self – disclosure is associated in quality communication between couples, the sharing of ...

Patient Advantage. (2009). Proposal for a pilot study to identify cost saving measures in management of muskuloskeletal conditions. Patient Advantage.

The proposal gives details the methodology, objectives and expected outcomes of a pilot project aimed at identifying the opportunities for saving cost in the management of musculoskeletal problems, with a particular focus on myofascial pain. The literature reviewed in the proposal identifies myofascial pain as a major underlying factor in many cases of chronic musculoskeletal pain and yet it is grossly under diagnosed and under treated. This justifies the need for the study using the action research modality. The proposal identifies different methods used to measure the cost of healthcare which include direct costs, indirect costs, claims cost and goes on to ...

In this paper we summarize what’s written in the book “Elementary Linear Algebra” by Howard Anton & Chris Rortes. The book describes the basic methods of elementary linear algebra, linear nature of considering objects: vector (or linear) space, linear transformations, systems of linear equations, quadratic and bilinear forms. The main linear algebra tools considered in this book are systems of linear algebraic equations, determinants, matrixes, conjugation.

The book consists of ten chapters; each part describes one of the major areas of linear algebra.

The first chapter is “Systems of Linear Equations and Matrices”. A System of m linear algebraic equations with n unknown variables (or linear system, also used the abbreviation SLAE) ...

Learning is key to human development and behavior. Behavioral psychology is one of the methods for understanding how learning develops and the understanding of individuals. Learning is a modification of behaviors due to consistent practice and requires the interaction of behavior and environment to yield changes. Assessment of learning is performed by means of tests that quantitatively measure achievements; whether they are newly acquired mental or physical skills. Learning and performance are related but separate subjects, and learning itself may be state dependent, meaning, that the conditions under which material was learned must be replicated in order for that learning ...

Abstract

Operant conditioning is a form of learning where behaviors for individuals are modified by their consequences. Different occupations are associated with different behaviors. It is extremely fundamental to understand the difference between various situations and how they may be resolved. Following the uniqueness of various occupations there are solutions that are outlined to solve issues as they arise in different situations. Depending on the problem either Positive or Negative Reinforcement, Positive and Negative Punishment, Shaping, Extinction, Generalization, or Discrimination may be undertaken as a solution.

In most cases, related behaviors will attract similar solutions. Since different problems may be intertwined, they ...

1. Author and major thesis of the Yes side. The authors of the Yes side are Marion Nestle and Michael F. Jacobson. They argue that a public health approach is needed to encourage Americans to eat a healthy diet.

2. Author and major thesis of the No side. The author of the No side is Michelle Cottle who argues that the relationship between Americans and food are too complex and nonnutritious foods should not be regulated. 3. State in your own words two facts presented by the Yes side. i. Food consumption should be regulated since ...

Introduction

Everyday questions about people, how they think and behave take center stage. Understanding behavior and mannerisms are the purposes of psychology. Understanding behavior facilitates the comprehension of self. Further analysis purports the idea of not only predicting behavior, but also manipulating it. The ability to manage and manipulate behavior is a powerful tool and as with any power misuse can occur. If wielded properly, it can help advance human civilization by managing characteristics that are self-destructive and cultivating ones that are beneficial.

Description and Contrast

The manner in which people behave is dependent of the learning processes they undergo. One acquires knowledge, accumulates ...

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of learning a new language with new characters, in particular Chinese characters, in other words, how do second language adult students acquire knowledge about orthographic characters of a new language system. While past research has shown that adult learners with no previous Chinese exposure learn more effectively by receiving explicit instructions of orthographic rules (Taft & Chung, 1999; Dunlap, Perfetti, Liu & Wu). This study focuses particularly in the semantic rules. Our results support previous results in that those learners who were given explicit instructions of semantic rules did learn more effectively the ...

Categorization remains a significant problem challenging cognitive psychologists. It is a process that involves the recognition, differentiation and comprehension of various objects and ideas. Categorization involves processes of generalization and discrimination. Whereas generalization recognizes features common to members within a conceptual category, discrimination highlights differences between the conceptual categories. Evidence shows how categories help in the organization and acquisition of an overview information collected from a broad range of documents. Without categorization knowledge, representation through the use of semantic knowledge would be a difficult task. A person will be unable to retrieve all the information he/she has about an object or idea if ...

Hate crimes may be influenced by economic competition and even resentment towards a particular group rather than a generalization about a particular group of people. It is the case that hate crimes are a result of prejudice on the part of the offender against the victim of hate crime. In this paper, we argue that the economic strain and the concomitant resentment that may be felt towards certain minority group as the African-Americans in our case here are mostly based on false generalizations (Stewart). This is to mean that most of the reasons that attend the commission of this crime are predicated on ...

Research and nursing are inseparable. Different health issues will arise from time to time leading to confusion among practitioners. Some conditions will only be understood through execution of ample research. Research is mainly carried out when the professionals in a given field are not aware of a given element that arises. Nursing research is usually sensitive, and it requires consideration of unique procedures known as paradigms and methodologies. The paradigms must be defined in line with the cultural safety of the chosen methods. The paradigms address cultural safety in different ways through excellent consideration of philosophical, ethical, and cultural biases available ...

Hate crimes may be influenced by economic competition and even resentment towards a particular group rather than a generalization about a particular group of people. It is the case that hate crimes are a result of prejudice on the part of the offender against the victim of hate crime. In this paper, we argue that the economic strain and the concomitant resentment that may be felt towards certain minority group as the African-Americans in our case here are mostly based on false generalizations (Stewart). This is to mean that most of the reasons that attend the commission of this crime are predicted on ...

Dicto Simpliciter is an argument based on an unqualified generalization (Liskovich 10). Some things, for example, may be termed as good whereas, they are only good under certain circumstances. In the story “love is a fallacy” an example is given about exercise. Exercise is good everybody should exercise. On the contrary, not everyone should exercise. Exercise may be a bad idea for people with delicate health conditions such as heart problems. Hence, in making the conclusion it is best to conclude that exercise is good for most people. Deducing the conclusion in an entirely general case would lead to one committing ...

perceptions of the tattooed person’s character (Applied Psychology) (Advanced Statistical Data Analysis)

Authors note

I hereby declare that this work is my own and not copied from any other source and that all sources have been acknowledge.

CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION6Purpose of the StudyProblem and Significance Research Question/Hypotheses7 Definition of TermsLimitations DelimitationsAssumptions

CHAPTER 2—LITERATURE REVIEW8CHAPTER 3—METHODOLOGY .Model Research DesignInstrument Data Collection Data AnalysisVariablesLimitations Delimitations AssumptionsCHAPTER 4—RESULTS Data Screening Scale Development Analyses of Primary Hypotheses Analyses of Secondary Hypotheses CHAPTER 5—DISCUSSION Discussion of Findings Implications of the Limitations on Present and Future Research Recommendations Practical Application of Results Future Research

REFERENCES

Abstract The purpose of this is to examine ...

Many products all over the world find their way to the market but end up remaining on the shelves as the public is not well informed about their existence. As a result firms have found it useful to use commercial advertisements to campaign for their products. Market agents use both print and online advertisements to create awareness to the people about their products. This paper focuses on the commercial advertisement of skin whitening creams; the specific advertisement is the L’oreal Paris whitening cream (www.loreal.com) skin whitening Aishawarya Rai. This advertisement is selected because it is based on a controversial aspect ...

Functions of Statistics

Firstly, statistics is used to present facts in a simplistic manner. This makes statements more convincing and logical as compared to mere description. Secondly, statistics is used to reduce complexities associated with raw data enabling the readers draw interpretations and inferences. There are various statistical measures that are used to make raw data simple and intelligible (LeBlanc, 2004). Examples are; graphs, dispersions, averages, regressions, correlation and kurtosis. Thirdly, statistics facilitates comparison. Comparisons are important when the user of a given data set draw conclusions between two groups or the past and present. Statistical devices such as ratios, averages and coefficients are ...

X X X X X 1 Introduction Since the 1930s a new philosophical direction developed almost without recognition of the public. Since then it gained in importance, till it has reached quite recently the predominant role. While this philosophical movement was in the beginning described as Logical Empiricism, or Neopositivism it is nowadays much more accurately described bas Analytical Philosophy. It conducts language and notion analysis on the basis of logic. Gaining popularity in the last years it has altered and even erased some old concepts of classical philosophy. - Vienna Circle ...

“Carers’ experiences of being exposed to challenging behaviour in services for autism spectrum disorders”: An Article Review

Challenging behavior is a common activity that can be encountered in our daily lifestyle. Its definition takes account of behaviors that are abnormal in reference with cultural or traditional practices; and its potency can put other people to harm. Behavior under this category leads a person to be restricted from communal facilities. This paper would review the article entitled Carers’ experiences of being exposed to challenging behavior in services for autism spectrum disorders. In order to give final thoughts about the article, this review will include the definition of the article’s problem, purpose and research question. It would also ...

PROFESSORINSTITUTION

Operant Conditioning 2 Introduction Operant conditioning is a type of learning where a subject’s behavior is modified through antecedents and consequences. The concept was first discovered by Ivan Pavlov who was studying the digestive system of dogs. The theory of behaviorism was introduced by John B. Watson. Later, B.F. Skinner helped define the mechanics of behaviorism through his work. Over the years behaviorism has grown in popularity and scope. Research has shaped the practice of behaviorism as it has been adapted by many disciplines (education, psychology). The most popular use of Behavioral Therapy today is found in treating ...

Introduction

Simply put, popular culture also known as pop culture refers to perspectives, attitudes, ideas, images, phenomena and memes that are contained in the cultural mainstream. The advent of pop culture was most pronounced in the Western culture of the 20 the century. The same is also being accentuated in the global mainstream that has become prominent in the 20th and 21st century. Popular culture has therefore suffused mass media and is readily manifested in the day-to-day lives within the society. In most cases, popular culture may betray the perspectives or representations of race and race relations in a particular society ...

Generalizability

Husserl distinguishes procedure of generalization and specialization of procedures of formalization and deformalization. Generalization is the transition from the spirit to higher on the tree of generic entities and formalization - a "meaningful generalization in a purely formal logic." For example, the transition from "red" to "sensory quality" is a generalization, and the transition from "red" to "adjective" or "chalk" to "beings" or "existing" is a formalization. Similarly, deformalization is filling the empty logical form something meaningful and specialization - descent of the tree of generic. Examples of both we find in mathematics. Example of formalization: the transition from an intuitive understanding ...

The TV show that I decided to watch was South Park. There is an episode entitled “Eek, a Penis!” where there are two storylines playing throughout the episode. The storyline that I found to depict race in a horrible light was the storyline in which Cartman is sent to an urban area school. Kyle tells Cartman that the kids are going to “murder” him because he’s a privileged “white boy” and they are “inner-city” kids. That generalization depicts how the media is going to portray any ethnic person on the show. This TV show is very popular among young adults and ...

About five years ago, I had an unpleasant experience while driving with my friends. We got in a car and drove all over the city. At one point, while I was sitting in the back seat, a friend who was driving caused an accident. Fortunately, nobody was injured. However, I got very scared and couldn’t calm down for a while. Soon after that a friend offered to drive me home and I had to sit in the back. When I entered the car, I felt enormous fear. This can be explained by classical conditioning. In fact, this is a special type of classical ...

Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Studies

Several research techniques are available all with the aim of achieving precise data or information or data about something. Quantitative technique, sometimes referred to as true science, involves the use of mathematical and statistical methods in the analysis and drawing useful information from a specific set of data (Davies, 2009). On the other hand, qualitative is a type of technique used to study behavior and habits portrayed by humans under different environments. The critique is aimed at juxtaposing the two techniques involved in the field of research with critical analysis of the two methods.

Compare and Contrast Information

Hand hygiene especially in health care setting ...

Fallacy is defined as a misconception that is based on unsound argument. It is a misleading, false and deceptive notion and argument that does not have a rationale to be termed as a truth. The most common and popular fallacy of the past was the world is round and flat. In this essay, five fallacies shall be discussed along with the two examples each. These fallacies include, the slippery slope fallacy, fallacy of appeal to fear, straw man fallacy, fallacy of hasty generalization and the fallacy of false cause. Slippery Slope Fallacy. The slippery slope fallacy believes that one thing leads to ...

Logical fallacies is a term that depicts the mistake of the reason of premise followed by a conclusion. The error is basically due to wrong reasoning either because of false inference, emotional belonging, mistake of reasoning or conscious / unconscious masquerade. The study of fallacies enables us to unleash the false reckoning and the reason behind the reading. From academic perception, the information greatly attributes in the development of authentic research that is constructively aligned with associated research and information. In the course of our day to day activities there are chances that we commit many fallacies without noticing. However, ...

In the course of our day to day activities, there are chances that we commit many fallacies without noticing. However, knowledge of the common fallacies could be useful in avoiding those fallacies. For example, there are various fallacies perpetuated in both the print and the electronic media. A case in point is a ‘WikiHow’ tutorial on ‘How to Get Rich.’'The article lists five key things: saving money, reducing living expenses, investing, enriching oneself through a career, and going mortgage free. The author of the article commits Dicto Simpliciter. Max Shulman defined Dicto Simplifier as “an argument based on an unqualified ...

In the Child's Mind: Language Acquisition and Mastery

Besides birth itself, there is no other event in a child's life that is more significant or elicits the excitement of proud parents more so than the utterance of his first words. Whether those words are "mama", "daddy" or "baba" is significant in itself, but the remainder of childhood will be spent adding to, and honing early language skills during the voyage through adulthood. Language acquisition and its mastery entail a vast array of cognitive processes -- ones that continually shape and re-shape the human brain until death. While language acquisition as a part of cognitive development still largely remains a mystery, ...

Introduction

Marburg virus disease (formerly known as Marburg hemorrhagic fever) is a severe zoonotic (animal-borne) disease, affecting both humans and non-primates. The source of infection for primates is unknown. However, research indicates that bats mainly infect the humans. The Ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus belongs to the filovirus family. Filoviruses belong to the order Mononegavirales. These viruses are enveloped, non-segmented, and negative-stranded. Marburg virus and Ebolavirus are the two genera of Filoviradae family. The only species in the genus Marburg virus is Lake Victoria margburg virus (Center for Food Security and Public Health, 2009, p.1). The virus has caused epidemics in ...

In the world of Science, there are many fields of study that deals with every aspect of the world. In Social Science discipline, the past and the present study of humankind is called Anthropology. This study builds and draws upon the knowledge from the biological sciences and social sciences, and even the natural sciences and humanities. This purpose of this writing is to discuss the primary characteristics of Anthropology as a discipline, which includes comparativism, holism, fieldwork and culture. Each of these characteristics has its own importance as well as its own contributions in the field of Anthropology. Our ...

Abstract Research methods in social sciences have two basic categories; qualitative and quantitative methods. Quantitative research involves asking people's opinions in a structured manner in order to produce hard facts and statistics. In contrast, qualitative research is an explanatory research with the main focus being to gain insights into the helps or problems to develop a hypothesis for potential quantitative research (Cohen et al., 2010). Quantitative research is used to quantify defined variables such as opinions and attitudes, and generalizing results from a larger sample. They use measurable data in formulating facts and unearthing research patterns. Qualitative data collection methods take the ...

Introduction

Modernization and globalization are some of the current trends in international relationships. These principles have ensured that members of the international community interact in different forums and platforms. Tourism is one of the most internationally engaging and interactive platforms, which has seen millions of tourists travel to the international territories for different reasons including enjoyment, adventure, education, and weather change among several other special needs. Despite the increasing modernization and globalization, the diversities of different cultures have been a challenge to the managers and marketers in the tourism industry. It is very important to understand every culture and ensure that, ...

Introduction Conditioning refers to the process whereby predictable response is made from neurological patterns that have been established through reinforcement. Classical conditioning also called Pavlovian conditioning is one of the most influential conditional theories in Psychology (Bergin &Bergin, 2012). It was put forward by the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov in the 20th century. It is based on the association between environmental stimulus and unlearned or naturally occurring stimulus. Classical conditioning can be used to explain my childhood fear for people dressed in nursing gear. There are four basic components of classical conditioning namely; unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response, conditioned stimulus ...

Introduction

Autism is a neurobehavioral, developmental disability that involves significant impairment of individuals’ verbal and nonverbal language and social interaction. Other characteristics of autism include markedly short attention span, repetitive activities and rigid behaviors, and inability to treat others as people, resistance to tamper on their daily routines, among others . It covers a variety of communicative skills impairment depending on the levels of symptoms. Generally, it is evident in children prior to age three and hampers their educational performance. The disorder ranges from a handicap that produces a normal life to a devastating disability that calls for institutional attention . Considering that autism is attached to ...

The conversation below takes place between two friends, Bill and Dave.

Bill: Dave, what is your take on this trending debate on abortion? It is all over – in the news, in schools and, practically everywhere. Personally, I think the idea of abortion is wrong and should not be given a second thought. Dave: well, I did not expect anything different from you. After all, you are a priest. (Fallacy of relevance: ad hominen). Bill: that is not true. Haven’t you heard Jones? He holds the same idea, so at least I am not alone in this school of thought. Dave: I think you are also aware that Jones ...

Ponterotto, J. G. (2009). A Multicultural Competency Checklist for Counseling Training Programs. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 23(7), 11-20. This article is useful because it sets the foundation into the topic of multicultural competency. This article focuses on the major facets that have been a source of multicultural incompetency in society. Six important themes are addressed in this article. The first important theme that is tackled by the author of this article is the idea of minority representation. The author acknowledges that minority are inadequately represented in some key facets of society. This non-representation has created a scenario ...

Introduction

Public policy refers to the government’s attempt to address a public concern by establishing laws, regulations, decisions or actions that attempt to shed light on the issue at hand. Public issues may range from education, foreign policy, health and social welfare. The process of formulating public policy includes agenda setting, formulation of options and implementation. It is important for regular citizens to be aware and in understanding of public issues because of the policies immediate impact on the citizen’s daily life. Perhaps a clear example is the debate on gun ownership that requires that every American must face some ...

Understanding humanities differ depending on perspectives. This is perhaps the biggest impediment towards a generalization a generalization of the experiences of hallmark historical events. Sayre once argued that “context make connections across humanities by tying together the entire cultural experience through narratives (ix). It is for this reason that this paper focuses on the exploration of the holocaust from the angle of a Jewish woman. Perhaps the central book that focuses on women’s role in the holocaust comes to mind. The book titled “Life, Death, and Sacrifice” originates from the conferences held 2001-2005 dubbed “Women and the Holocaust”. The argument ...

- The Fourth Amendment Terry Vs. Ohio 1968 is one of the landmark judicial rulings by the United States Supreme Court that maintained the Fourth Amendment. The Fourth amendment does not give the police the authority of conducting arbitrary searches and seizures on individuals if they are suspecting of committing a crime. The Fourth Amendment declares “the right of the people to be secures in the persons houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures; shall not be violated and no warrants shall be issued, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the ...