Classical Organization Theory
The classical organizational theory is identified as the oldest school of management pre-dated in the early twentieth century (Shafritz, Ott, and Jang, 2012). This theory is premised on efficiency of bureaucratic systems that operate in an organization. This school of management is based on ensuring maximum productivity of an organization’s systems. In this regard, this theory involves centralized decision-making, specialization of labor, and maximization of profit. For this reason, the theory encompasses a combination of three distinct concepts, bureaucratic, scientific, and administrative theories (Daft, Murphy, and Willmott, 2013). The classical organizational theory was advanced by the first scholars, ...