Essays on Hydrogen Bonding

Introduction:

Nanobiotechnology serves as an imperative technique in the development of clean, nontoxic, and eco-friendly procedures for the synthesis and congregation of metal NPs having the intrinsic ability to reduce metals by specific metabolic pathways. Silver nanoparticles are particularly interesting nanoscale systems due to the ease with which they can be synthesised and modified chemically. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles has been widely researched due to their interesting size and shape-dependent properties [26]. These novel properties can be tailored by controlling their size, shape, composition, structure and crystallinity. Due to their size features and advantages over available anti-microbial properties, chemical imaging ...

Introduction

Reduction reactions are very important in chemistry as they are effective processes for synthesizing new compounds from existing ones. In organic chemistry, a compound is said to be reduced if it acquires new hydrogen. There are diverse reagents for carrying our reduction reactions. Two of these are sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) - the latter is a more powerful reducing agent compared to the former. In this experiment, NaBH4 was used to reduce p-Nitrobenzaldehyde to form p-Nitrobenzyl alcohol. NaBH4was used over LiAlH4 in this experiment, because LiAlH4 would also reduce the nitro group of the aldehyde.

Experimental:

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Q. What type of chemical bond do you believe connects the atoms of Graphene? Why?

A. A Graphene sheet is essentially a one layer thick graphite structure, an allotrope of carbon that forms hexagonal rings. The bonding in atoms of Graphene is essentially a covalent bond between carbon atoms. Each of the carbon atoms present in Graphene shares its valence electrons with three other carbon atoms forming a triple directional bond pattern on each carbon atom. This creates hexagonal ring like structures that constitute the two dimensional lattice of Graphene. Q. Based on what you have learned in this chapter about the properties of water, why is that water is able to permeate "pass through" Graphene? ...