Essays on Imprisonment

How to overcome racism if our own justice system is racial? We know that our nation has struggled a lot of unjust racial cases. For example, in the period of pre-civil war, the southern part of the United States was covered with slavery. The life of Black-African American groups was horrible as they were slaves and were treated as slaves also. They were a property that white people could buy and sell, had no rights, and were not protected by the legislature. In 1865, Abraham Lincoln abolished slavery, and the modern days are known for the public fight with ...

Should prisons be privatized?

Prison privatization is sustained by claims that facilities that are privately operated are cost effective at ensuring the provision of services compared to public institutions. Other evidence show that this assertion is not supported while others do. In addition, when turned into a for-profit industry, a few challenges will accompany incarceration centers. The following points argue for and against prison privatization Fiscal savings through cost containment: People who support private prisons assert that the private sector is saving the available resources through great efficiencies. Safety and services: Advocates claim that prison privatization has been successful in other industries with ...

The rise in imprisonment in America over the past years has risen at an alarming rate. The United States of America prison population has increased from about three hundred thousand inmates in the 1970’s to over one million inmates in recent years. Statistics show that America has the highest number of inmates in the world (Pfaff 173).The so-called “war on drugs ” which attracted long prison sentences has acted as a major factor contributing to the increase in the prison population (Golembeski 1702). Between the years 2003 and 2010, the prison population rate in the state of Georgia ...

Introduction

Since the dawn of human civilization annihilation of millions of people has been occurring. After the two World Wars, this annihilation took place through many civil wars fought within the nations all over the world. The Genocide or the mass killing of a particular ethnic group has been a common phenomenon in civil wars. In 1990s, the Kashmiri Hindus were expelled by Muslim terrorists through severe massacre. The question is whether mass massacre is the answer to any problem. There is a universal agreement that genocide is immoral and unethical (Jones, 1999). Still even after the horrified consequences of ...

The term ‘actus reus’ refers to the physical component of the crime, while ‘mens rea’ addresses the mental aspect of the offence. Situations, when the alleged perpetrator has the actus reus, but lack mens rea can be different, and a solution depends on the constituent components of a particular crime. First of all, strict liability offences and a range of other offences that differ across statutes and common law under different jurisdictions do not require proving mens rea. Strict liability often refers to minor offences (e.g., selling alcohol to an under-aged individual), where it is hard to determine the ...

In the majority of states all crimes are divided into two groups: felonies and misdemeanors. The difference between these two groups is in seriousness of crimes. (Hasselm, 2011) If this is a felony, an accused person can get 1 year in prison, life imprisonment without parole or even the death penalty. If it is a misdemeanor, an accused person could be punished by less than 1 year or a year of imprisonment and/or fine. Crimes are not equal in weight. General public considers some of the crimes more severe than others. (Kappeler, 2014) The majority of people considers the ...

Abstract

The prison is being used since the people started to live in a society. It is being the necessity to obtain control over the group of people to protect the crimes by punishing the criminals. The history of jails in the US will date back to the British ruling period while it was first introduced to punish the criminals. The jails were not in a good shape on that time that caused the death of many prisoners in health issues. The jails are being reformed day by day and upgraded to the prison system that we witness in the ...

The influx of drug-related criminals is the main cause of overcrowding in most correctional institutions across in the United States and specifically Texas. Offenders' numbers related to other crimes such as homicide, robbery, and burglary have remained steady over the number of years, but drug-related offenders are increasing leading to a high number of them behind bars in prisons across Texas. The problem is captured in a study by the state government which found out that six of ten prisoners in the state and federal facilities are convicted of drug possession or drug abuse charges. As such, this means ...

Part 1 – Assault and Battery

The terms “assault and battery” are often used together although these are two separate crimes. An assault is defined as an action that causes a person to feel the threat of impending violence. An action such as raising a fist or moving menacingly towards the intended victim constitutes an assault, even if no physical contact has occurred. The crime of battery occurs when there is physical contact. Grabbing a person’s arm or punching or striking a person constitutes a case of battery (Baldwin, 2007). Simple assault or battery, where there is limited threat of violence or a minor ...

Introduction

Aging and elderly offenders are a growing demographic within the correctional management system of justice. The increased proportion of prison inmates over the age of 50 is a significant trend that has taxed the system in both economic and sociological ways. Elderly criminal offenders have different requirements than younger inmates, as many studies on gerontology have demonstrated. Among these requirements, the medical health needs of inmates who are declining physically is a prominent concern. Psychological and social factors also assume more significance in the elderly population, whether they are first-time offenders or have been imprisoned for decades. As the ...

One of the peculiar aspects of criminal law is the ability to essentially increase, or decrease, depending on the particular factors of a case, the punishment that an offender would normally expect to have imposed after a conviction (Justia, 2016). These circumstances, which are formally known in criminal law as aggravating and mitigation circumstances, are often used to take into account important aspects of the case that may not have been properly addressed during the trial or plea negotiations. Aggravating and mitigating circumstances are normally applied under the discretion of the sentencing judge; however, for some crimes they might ...

Survival, Resilience, and Redemption” by Laura Hillenbrand

During the US Civil War, the Union’s famous Gen. Sherman once said that war is “all hell.” Many military commanders, as well as the countless victims of warfare, have echoed this sentiment down through the ages. Certainly, warfare reveals humanity to sometimes be far less than humane. The worst characteristics of human kind are often brought to the forefront by the nature of war and its relentless objectives. But as horrible as warfare can be for the average soldier in the trenches fighting next to his comrades, it can be (and often is) even more nightmarish and unimaginably ...

Exposure to Racial Discrimination in Criminal Justice System

The criminal justice system of the United States comprises several challenges and flaws, while the issue with the spread of the racial disparity poses the most significant problem to the welfare of the citizens of the country. This problem is not new to the criminal justice system as it has roots in the XX century with the consideration of the cases of African Americans in trial. In the beginning of this period of time, African Americans amounted to 10% of the entire population of the United States, while the amount of the sentenced prisoners may be regarded as relatively ...

International Human Rights Law and Prisons in Africa

Term Paper 4500 words

Introduction

The International Centre for Prison Studies’ World Prison Brief, in its report suggested that over 10 million individuals are formally incarcerated in prison and correctional facilities around the world. According to the same Brief, even more are held in either military facilities where they are detained or in security or police facilities without any specific legal process underway. There are three categories that the United States’ (U.S). Government has for humanitarian and human rights concerns as they relate to these individuals who are housed in a detention facility that is; 1. unsafe in terms of ...

Introduction

In the past, humans practiced hunting and gathering as a way of finding food. They would hunt down animals for food and feed the different communities. Over time, as the human population grew. The growth in human population meant that there was an increased demand in food, thus leading to an increased number of animals to hunt down. It became impossible for the humans to solely depend on animals for food. Another result with the increased human population was increased demand for land. The humans turned to cutting down or burning vegetation. In the process, some animals were burnt ...

It is traditionally thought that the primary function of law is to regulate people’s behavior and, thus, to establish order within a community. Law and fear of punishment are supposed to prevent people from criminal activity. Therefore, law and law enforcement are essential components of any civil society. At the same time, morality can also perform the function of regulating people’s behavior. Besides, very often morality is named a predecessor to law since many laws were made on the basis of certain moral principles which the society thought necessary to follow. And even though morality does not ...

A: Profile of CCP Leader

Li Keqiang assumed the position of Premier of the State Council of China during the 18th Congress of the Communist Party (CCP) in 2012. He is expected to feature prominently in the 19th CCP, scheduled for 2017. Many reports indicate that Xi Jinping has consolidated his power over the CCP Politburo and will hold on to power for two more terms totaling 15 years at the top. Due to this, it is apparent that Li Keqiang could either work as the Chinese Premier for a long time to come or he might become the focus of a major power ...

An Assignment Submitted by

Introduction For many centuries women were deprived of their natural rights to control their life and even body and yet the struggle for equal rights is still continuing. At some point, feminism acquired a negative connotation that people today associate with the fanaticism and misandry. It is quite difficult to explain why the movement that released so many women from their invisible prisons is criticized by the modern society. A lot of women have fought to overcome discrimination, prejudice, and stereotyping of womanhood by changing the laws, altering the views of the society, and fighting back their oppressors. In ...

Many people agree that the most severe crimes deserve the most severe punishment. A great deal of people views the death penalty as a just and the most appropriate measure in this case. But do you know how many executions were carried out since 1978? Only thirteen. And these thirteen deaths cost about $4 billion taken from the pocket of California taxpayers (Alarcon and Mitchell 541). Impressive numbers, aren’t they? These figures speak for themselves. The death penalty system turned out to be ineffective and has to be replaced with more productive measures. The Proposition 34 is a ...

Employment law has a multitude of purpose in defining the relationship, agreement, and legal obligation of employers and employees. According to Edwards and Robinson (2012) employment law is the negotiated relationships between employees and employers”(p 4). These negotiations highlight acceptably terms related to occupation, expectation and contracts that showcase the roles, responsibilities, and task completion of employees, as well as the wages, salaries, safe workplace, and other expectancies from the employer. Aside from expectation, there are legal ramifications that employers must follow on a federal and local level. For the sake of this paper, the federal level will ...

INTRODUCTION

The American criminal justice system is a very complex entity that most people hope to have little interaction with. Most people will tell you that it can also be incredibly confusing. People become most invested in court proceedings when they are high profile cases that garner a great deal of media attention; some that many are familiar with include Amy Fisher, Casey Anthony and, certainly, the O.J. Simpson trial. Another case that became the center of media attention is the trial of Jodi Arias. Jodi Arias is a 32-year-old woman who is currently serving a life sentence, without the ...

Question 3

Some individuals and organizations argue that prisons should be abolished because most people who are locked are poor ethnic minorities. Furthermore, they suggest that the prison system does not help in rehabilitating criminals (Edge 43). Many people who are accused of committing various crimes and end up being incarcerated are often unable to hire good lawyers to represent them in court. Imprisonment results in the restrictions of a person’s liberty. Inmates also suffer physical, sexual, and psychological abuse while serving time in prisons. However, unless better alternatives to the prison system are established, prisons should not be abolished ...

Crimes against Persons

Crimes against persons are those criminal conducts punishable under penal law and which are mainly committed against individuals as the victims (Gardner & Anderson, 2014, p.25). In such categories of crimes, the perpetrator or offender normally has the intention to cause the victim actual grievous bodily injury and harm. Examples of crimes under this category include rape, assault and murder.

Crimes against Property

These are a category of crimes in which the offender intends to take another person’s property with the intention of permanently depriving the owner of the property without necessarily intending to use force against them. Examples of these crimes ...

Alienation involves isolating a certain group of people by being indifferent and discriminative. This paper focuses on an article that provides a detailed account of suffering that North Koreans underwent through the rule of Kim- Jong- il and his current predecessor Kim- Jong- un through the eyes of the Myth of Sisyphus, a compilation of essays by Albert Camus. I chose the article by Tom Phillips about a refugee who escaped the inhumanity in North Korea because refugees are some of the people who face great alienation. Also, through Yeonmi Park’s experiences, a refugee, described in this article, ...

If post-Furman death penalty statutes and Court decisions had the impacts desired by the Court’s majority in Furman

The court ruling and post-Furman death penalty statutes have not achieved the desired effects since capital punishment still follow the same trend. Importantly, racial discrimination is still evident in convicting murder and other serious offenders. Black Americans have higher chances of facing capital punishment as compared to Natives with similar offenses. Since the revival of the capital penalty in the 1970s, close to half of offenders on death row are blacks (Uniform crime report, n.p.). Evidently, the White and Black Americans exhibit equal chances of committing murder or rape. Thus, the reports on the ratio of blacks and whites ...

Insanity defense, as it is known in many jurisdictions refers to the assertion by a person accused of criminal prosecution that at the time of committing the criminal act(s) they were not in the right state of mind as to appreciate the wrongfulness of their acts. Insanity has been invoked in many jurisdictions to reverse legal decisions or acquit people accused of crimes and it comes forth as the perfect defense. Whenever it is applied, it permits a person who is factually guilty to escape punishment and incarceration. Canadian laws have numerous circumstances exempt individuals from criminal responsibility ...

"Requiem for a Dream" is a psychological drama which was directed by Darren Aronofsky. The movie depicts the life story of four main characters: Sara Goldfarb, her son Harry Goldfarb, Harry's girlfriend Marion Silver, and their friend Tyrone C. Love. Sarah Goldfarb is an old widow who lives alone in her apartment on Brighton Beach Brooklyn, spending the majority of her time watching television. Her son, Harry, shows up at her house to steal different things, including his mother's favorite TV, and sell them in order to get money and buy drugs. Sarah buys all the things from pawn ...

The spread of the content for public mass media is greatly impacted by the spread of globalization in the world. This has greatly affected the individual lives of the younger generation as they are presented with the opportunity of viewing illegal and restricted content. Due to this, certain states advocate for the increase of cyber security in order to curb the unrestricted flow of illegal content found on various websites and several mobile applications. Countries like New Zealand and the United States understand the relevance of increasing cyber security by introducing severe control instruments regarding the publication of restricted ...

Capital punishment or the death penalty is one of the most contentious types of punishments in the United States of America. It is the type of punishment that puts to death an individual who is found guilty of a crime as a result of a legal trial. The implementation of the death penalty dates back to the 1600s but has undergone many reforms thereafter. The discharge of the death penalty is very uncommon because it is usually applied for crimes of aggravated murder. Because the public views the death penalty as too harsh, immoral, and inhumane, it has been ...

In the criminal justice department, courts system can best be defined as the system that is responsible for the application as well as interpretation of the law in addition to providing a dispute resolution mechanism. Through courts systems, justice is easily administered in a given state. The courts system are very essential in criminal justice as they ensure the law is adhered to in all situations and most important is that they ensure justice is carried out and avoid law breaking (Durant, 2015). The courts system is also highly responsible in the punishing of law breakers and offenders. There ...

Italian Women Writers

An Antique’s Period Bias Amongst Women The Medieval Period dating 476 AD until 1000 AD was one of the most degrading times for women in any class. Men had it simpler than they did because they ended up dominating all of society and they looked down upon women, for example they were able to get jobs unlike women. Men and their accomplishments were noticed and women were not recognized for their hard work, whether it be taking care of the children or being a housewife. Their hard work wasn’t sophisticated like men being painters or architects, but ...

Juvenile Murderers: A Second Chance or Death

Introduction The question over treatment of juvenile murderers creates a major debate in the social and political circles. There are proponents of public supporting punishment in the form of a life in prison without parole called LWOP, many believe that capital punishment is needed, and others support the implementation of life in prison with work and restitution called LWOP + W/R (Moon, Wright, Cullen, & Pealer, 2000, p. 663). One common aspect is the belief of the public is the need for bringing people to justice by either jail time or capital punishment. Another important aspect of the juvenile punishment system ...

Alcohol and drugs have always been associated with crime, as almost all kinds of crime are committed under the influences of either alcohol or drugs. Their use have negative effects on all aspects of life. People who abuse alcohol or drugs are not able to control themselves. These substances negatively affect personality, family and society. Driving under the influence is a real problem that has been existing for many years. It is not a surprise that accidents caused by driving under the influence are frequently fatal not only for the driver, but also for innocent passersby. Drivers can be ...

“Cheburashka”, an outstanding Soviet movie made by Roman Kachanov in 1971 is a bright representation of Soviet culture. In order to understand the main idea of the movie it is important to consider some particular scenes. The Cheburashka Soviet cartoon explained the shortcomings of the Soviet society in a subtle way; human traits of acquisitiveness and trickery were satirized and shown in a negative way. The role of the Soviet government could not be discussed by ordinary people. The Cheburashka cartoon promoted the idea of humility before the Soviet government. In other words, the main heroes never dared to ...

English 263: Holocaust Literature

Introduction The Holocaust experience remains something memorable in the world history as one of the worst events in the world. Various authors have come up with different literature pertaining to the Holocaust events and the experience. None of the literature can be deemed accurate compared to another. The experiences during this period by the Jews under the Nazi regime led by Adolf Hitler were extreme and in the modern civilized society, no person can subject to such torture and death without punishment. The Holocaust literature is thus an interesting topic for readers to study and understand. The two books ...

Introduction

Alternative sentencing makes way for committers of minor crimes and those with no criminal records to transform and comply with varied ethical standards as laid out by the state. With enhanced supervision as an alternative to incarceration, court administrators are involved in monitoring activities such as substance abuse treatment, random drug testing and community services performed by the offenders. The probation officers have to work closely with the Office of Community Corrections to ensure that the benchmarks set by the judges are met and that the offenders are able to contribute to long term growth and stability of the ...

Project Name

Introduction According to Biegelman and Bartow (2012), business entities after the Great Depression have streamlined their efforts towards identification and seizure of any potential business opportunity in a bid to emerge stronger and resilient. Some employees in these companies have however opted to engage in some fraudulent activities and this has stimulated the regulation authorities to beef up their investigations and enforcement mechanisms to curb the increasing rates of corporate fraud cases. Adelphia Communications Corporation was a successful business in the US founded by John Rigas, a son to a Greek immigrant. He was assisted by his two sons ...

Any crime in the society will flourish if the deterrence or punishment for that particular crime is not strong and effective. Crimes always boom in the face of less harsh punishments and penalties which provide the initiative to criminals to continue their work. Child trafficking and abduction have been carried out in almost all countries and regions of the world, especially those where poverty and high population rates have existed. Even though there is ample awareness on the matter today, a large number of babies and children are abducted and sold off to various people in lieu of a ...

This study aims to identify reasons for growth in female prison population in China and propose possible solution to the problem. One of the difficulties of this study is that little research and data is available on China’s women in prisons.

Ill

Female offenders constitute a small fraction of total number of people in China, however this number is dramatically increasing which is alarming and cannot be negotiated. According to the statistics provided by Institute for Criminal Policy Research, the percentile of female population in prisons significantly increased over last years ("China | World Prison Brief", 2016). Number of women ...

Introduction

The emancipation of the rights of blacks in the 18th Century was significantly shaped by a series of intellectual discourse and antagonism between certain influential figures in the African American society. Booker T. Washington was an accomplished scholar who rose from being born into a slave family to becoming the head of the Tuskegee Institute. He wielded great support in the Black community and even within the corridors of power where he was a close confidant of President Theodore Roosevelt. Within the same political dispensation, there was W. E. B. Du Bois, one of the first outstanding black intellectuals ...

Throughout the history of criminal law and policymaking in the United States as well as in other countries, the death penalty has always been the issue of paramount importance kept on the front burner by media, policymakers and public. The controversy in terms of capital punishment relates not only to religion and morality, but is also associated with considerable social and economic costs. In other words, “the contemporary debate over capital punishment involves a number of important arguments based on either moral principles or social welfare considerations” (Dezhbakhsh & Shepherd, 2003, p. 1). Numerous researchers and influential leaders of public ...

The death penalty remains a most controversial topic not only in the ‘US but the rest of the world for many years now. It was in 1622 that the first execution took place in the United States in Virginia for a criminal in the American colonies as stated by Marcus (838). Many oppose while several others support the death penalty. What adds to the debatable issue are the process, mistakes, and costs involved. The last execution in the US took place in 2015. The paper considers all those issues related to the death penalty and if it is the ...

The Arabs Portrayal in American Cinema

Introduction The problem in the development of misconceptions about the Arabs can be traced largely on how they were portrayed in western movies. As people do not generally meet Arabs in their everyday lives, the films play an important role in providing conceptions about them. Unfortunately, stereotypes and other factors proved to have shaped the way that the Arab images are depicted in cinemas. According to Michalack, it is the American popular culture that offered the lushest and most comprehensive perception of American stereotype about the Arabs, and this started as early as the 20th century until today (Michalak, ...

The man cannot be separated from many things. He cannot live without food, air and water. However, it’s not the complete list of items that are necessary for human existence. Humanity is also obsessed with the violence. Throughout the whole history, people invented a lot of different methods of punishment, murder and torture. So, the human history is full of cruelty and violence. Consequently, it’s possible to talk an infinitely long time about how some representatives of humanity have punished, tortured, and killed others more unfortunate representatives of mankind. However, we’d remember only the most noteworthy ...

Abstract:

Theories were developed over the years, as researchers and sociologists tried to explain the reasons why there is crime within the communities. These theories include the social bonds theory, the self-control theory, the power control theory, the control balance theory, the differential coercion theory, and the social support theory. Based on the theories, there are five realities behind the causation of crime: (1) that crime is caused by weakening bonds to the society; (2) that crime is the effect of having low self-control; (3) that crime is caused by occupational patriarchy; (4) that it is caused by the roles ...

Reduction of crime is the dream of any criminal justice system. In the era where the rate of crime has significantly increased due to the use of sophisticated weapons and technology, there is an increasing necessity for the government and other stakeholders to ensure that such crimes are minimized. Having strict punishment mechanisms is one of the strategies geared towards the reduction of crimes. In Canada, this approach is the most common. Its proponents give a two-fold argument about its role in reducing crime. First, they argue that the offender is ‘locked behind bars’, hence temporarily separated from the ...

Prison subculture is a complex social phenomenon that has its own characteristics. Nowadays researchers study main features of the prison subculture, because it will be another step towards the creation of a holistic view of this social phenomenon, which in turn can help prevent its spread. T.Conover in "Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing" describes the life of convicts and their relationship with the guards on the basis of his experience as a guard in the prison Sing Sing located in Westchester. In this book author monitors the characteristics of the relationship between prisoners and guards. Informal rules of conduct reflect ...

Abstract

Shortly after WW2, Japan became a place where the Allies put on trial Japanese military criminals of different standing. Overall, the process looked methodical and well-though-out, with an ad hoc classification developed for determining the guilt of offenders. The post-war years witnessed the execution of generals and the punishment of soldiers following their brutal orders. However, several years later, a complex of factors like the deliberate destruction of evidence or the enormous number of cases halted the prosecution process expediting its termination. As unethical and immoral as it was, the USA had its reasons not to prosecute some of ...

Probation and parole are alternative sentences to incarceration, which offer convicted offenders the opportunity to remain in the community, but operate under supervision (Hanser 12). Whereas probation takes place before and often instead of imprisonment, parole usually occurs as an early prison release. The convicted offender is required to comply with probation and parole conditions. The offenders are subjected to warrantless searches without any reasonable cause. In the United States, over 2,000 agencies administer probation on offenders who commit felonies as well as misdemeanors. Adult probation as well as parole are established in executive branches of state government ...

The sentencing of youths after trials to adult prison has continued in the United States for quite some time now with an estimated 250, 000 youths being incarcerated as adults and hence landing into Adult prison annually. This has been attributed to the changes in laws across forty-nine American states in the ‘90s that increase the number of youths being given adult trials. However, CDC (Center for Disease and Control) and the US Department of Justice stated in 2008 that sending minors to a criminal justice system that is specifically designed to handle adults does not reduce or protect ...

Criminal Justice: Women in Prison

In this paperwork, I am going to discuss issues in the incarceration of women such as mental illness, pregnancy, substance use, separation of family, as well as the environment. When the term Prisons is mentioned, we automatically switch our mind to young men, since approximately ninety percent of inmates are male, according to the Federal Bureau of Prisons. It is important to note that the proportion of imprisoned women is small, but this proportion consists of hundreds of thousand women, at present, living behind bars in the United States. Currently, the number of women wedged in the criminal justice ...

Introduction

Psychologists, human rights activists and the government continue to debate on the real effects of solitary confinement. Pre-existing evidence seems to suggest that any form of solitary confinement possesses significant effect on both the health and comfort of the prisoners, especially those with documented history of mental health disorders. Solitary quarantine has been recognized to cause psychological damage to the prisoners depending on the physical conditions of the prison and the resources that each prisoner is allowed to access and use. There is, however, a profound agreement by researchers that despite the variations on environmental factors surrounding a prisoner, ...

Introduction

The movement was launched by Gandhi on 8th August in 1942. The movement was aimed at acquiring freedom from the British rule. Gandhi advocated for an orderly exit from the British rules; hence the movement involved a mass protest based on non-violence demonstration (Bhuyan, 78). In his speech, Gandhi urged the Indians to consider their freedom and be guided by their desires for such freedom. Apart from demanding for freedom, the Quit Indian movement was also aimed at stopping the British government from sending Indian nationals to participate in the World War II. Before the movement started, the Indian ...

Nelson Mandela was the first president of the Republic of South Africa elected in fully democratic elections. He served as president from 1994 to 1999. Before his presidency he was an outstanding fighter against apartheid and African National Congress (ANC). He was convicted and imprisoned for participating in an underground armed struggle. Mandela was a supporter of peaceful way of solving problems, although in the beginning of his political struggle armed resistance was the only effective type of fighting the regime.

How much powerful is the leader? What makes him powerful?

Nelson Mandela is a prominent leader. He decided to serve his term in prison rather than submit himself ...

Jonathan Simon writes this article with an aim of ending mass incarceration that was rampant during his time. Simon believes that mass incarceration leads to both torture and degradation of human dignity. However, modern correctionalism and the likes of rehabilitation curbs the problem associated with mass imprisonment, providing a more decent place for prisoners. Some institutions may fail to embrace human dignity, but the emergence of Red Cross in 1860 showed concern for humanity that everyone wanted. Prisoners from California are tortured, but only a few people know it, but the majority believes that prisoners suffer less than the ...

Introduction

Illegal immigration is an issue that relates to violation of law. The Sovereign right of The United states is undermined through illegal entry of foreign citizens in the country and the refusal to leave the nation at the end of an authorized stay. In America, it is estimated that the illegal undocumented population of immigrants stands at 11 million. This continues to rise annually with an influx of half a million persons. The cases of undocumented immigrants continue to rise as people from other nations fleeing from persecution and oppression in their countries continue to rise. Others are simply ...

Abstract

The reduction of the crime rate in the 90s caught many unaware. There were no expectations whatsoever that various factors would conspire to make America a safer place. Before this period, New York was considered the most unsafe city in the world to live. This is no longer the case as New York has become safe. Various analysts have put have various theory in an attempt to explain this phenomenon. The existence of various explanations means that people interpreted the situation differently. Whether the same phenomenon can go on forever is questionable. In the world today where economic matters ...

Human Rights for Prisoners

The prisons in developing regions such as Africa are viewed as the worst rehabilitation systems in the world due to overcrowding, violence, and a host of other issues. The institutions do not uphold human rights based on their deficient conditions and practices. However, many rehabilitation systems are under crisis all over the globe (Cavadino, Cavadino & Dignan, 2005). The number of inmates has risen to devastating levels in the developing nations and the United States. The countries need to develop secure prisons that uphold human rights to ensure that the justice system acts as an effective weapon in fighting crime ( ...

Clayton Lockett was a 38-year-old murderer of a 19-year-old girl whom he shot twice and then buried while she was still alive (Connor, 2015). Following his conviction, he was sentenced to death in Oklahoma by lethal injection. Fifteen years later in April 2014, his execution was botched when inadequate drugs, an inability to find an adequate vein for instillation, and inappropriate administration into muscle tissue resulted in an agonizing and prolonged death. The public’s response to the news releases ignited again the debate over the use of the death penalty for punishment of the worst offenders in society. ...

Throughout history, prison and the extent of punishment has always been an issue that is debated among nations because it is always critical to assess whether the punishment does in fact fit the crime. There are varying scholarly opinions as to whether prison is the effective punishment in many cases. Particularly in prior eras, prison could be a simple offense or extreme and a man could be imprisoned regardless of whether they were innocent or guilty without a fair trial. Particularly to avoid this, the United States designed its constitutional framework in order to avoid unjust imprisonment that was ...