Essays on Incremental Cost

ASC 320 provides the primary guidelines for accounting and reporting of special investments in marketable securities and debts. On the other hand, IFRS 9 guides accountants in recognizing, derecognizing, and measuring of all financial assets and liabilities. The guidelines of IFRS also cover financial assets like trade receivables and payables that are not in security form. The limited scope of ASC 320 is further squeezed to investment securities with determinable fair value. IFRS 9 is quite broad in its recognition because it covers all the transaction costs i.e. incremental cost incurred directly in the acquisition of financial assets. According ...

1.Costing is a very important part of accounting. It involves the basic financial data which will help in price fixing as well as in profit marking. There are many aspects to costing and each one is relevant depending on the product or service provided by the owner. Relevant costing is an important aspect in costing and accounting decisions. A relevant cost is the cost which is specific to a management decision. This generates only the information which is necessary for decision making and removes the unnecessary extraneous information. Relevant cost is only specific and limited to a particular decision ...

For the last several decades, technological progress has had the great impact on the world around. Innovations that seemed to be a scientific fantasy just half a century ago now become part of everybody’s life. The results of technological progress completely change not only the humans’ way of life, but also manufacturing and business processes. One of such modern inventions is 3D printer. The 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, relates to various processes used for creation a three-dimensional object. It is based on the principle of “cutting” the virtual 3D object in a few 2D slices and then ...

Introduction

Many companies expand their operations through capital projects. Capital budgeting decisions are critical since capital projects involve a substantial outlay of financial resources. In addition, most of these projects are irreversible. It follows that a company must exercise due diligence in evaluating a proposed capital project before deciding to accept or refuse the proposal. Correct estimation of expected cash flows from the project is key to the sound evaluation of the viability of the project and hence an appropriate capital budgeting decision. This paper explores the costs and items included in the determination of cash flows expected from a project to manufacture golf ...

Introduction

Depression is one of the most prevalent mental health conditions in the United States, affecting approximately 14 million American each year; about 3.2 million receive adequate treatment (Simpson, Welch, Kozel, Demitrack, & Nahas, 2009). There is a significant economic cost and disability burden to the illness of depression. Studies have shown that depression is associated with higher rates of death from suicide, serious complications of chronic disease, significant burden to family caregiver, chronic substance abuse and high workplace costs of over $34 billion per year for missed or less productive work (NAMI, 2014). The vast majority of patients are prescribed antidepressants ...

Introduction

I agree that Standard Costing and Variance Analysis are vital and crucial for any kind of business. I will support this position by showing the importance of standard costing and variance analysis for businesses. In light of this statement, I will also show that standard costing and variance analysis are as important to small businesses as they are to large organizations. Variance analysis is the comparison of standard costs and actual costs hence it is important for any type of organization. This is because controlling costs helps in identifying ways in which costs can be controlled thus enhancing efficiency ...

And Their Application to Incremental Cost Analysis

Alan Pizzey (1989) defines cost as, “A measure of the resources used up to achieve a certain aim, and can be expressed as so much per unit of production or as the cost of operation of a section of the business”. Incremental Cost Analysis is a financial methodology used to evaluate the impact of changes in revenues on a particular potential scenario. The various categories of cost discussed in the paper are; Sunk Costs, Relevant costs, irrelevant costs, Fixed Costs/Variable Costs, Cost of goods sold, Opportunity cost.

Sunk Costs: Are costs which the organization had previously incurred in the past and cannot be ...