Essays on Innate Immunity

Smoking electronic cigarettes (or e-cigarettes), colloquially known as vaping, has become a rapid global trend. In fact, about a fifth of Americans aged 25 to 44 are using e-cigarettes (Hwang et al. 667). E-cigarettes are battery-powered devices that use a solution of nicotine, flavorings, and humectants, to produce an aerosol, which will be inhaled by the user. The popularity of smoking e-cigarettes may be due to various motivations, but the most practical reasons are to help the user quit traditional cigarette smoking and to allow the user to use nicotine within non-smoking areas (Kalkhoran & Glantz 1). However, the popularity ...

2. How does exercise affect diabetes mellitus? During exercise, the whole-body oxygen consumption usually increases 20-fold. However, greater increases have been reported in the working muscles (American Diabetes Association). Under such circumstances, the skeletal muscles increase the utilization of stored triglycerides and glycogen, as well as the free fatty acids. Consequently, exercise maintains appropriate glucose levels in order to preserve the function of the central nervous system. In patients with diabetes mellitus, therefore, exercise ameliorates insulin sensitivity and helps to lower the elevated levels of blood glucose to the normal range (American Diabetes Association). 3. How does ...

Summary of the concept map

There are two major types of immunity. Innate immunity and the acquired immunity. The type of immunity people gets when they are previously affected by a plaque is usually termed the acquired immunity. This kind of immunity is what stimulate some of the T and B cells to become a memory cell. These groups of memory cells will store the information on how to terminate the plaque when the next time it occurs. The concept map described the components of innate and adaptive immunity. Both have the humoral and cell mediated immunity. The cell mediated immunity described the cellular component of ...

Background

Based from the interview and observation, the two most common diseases occurring in both sides of the family are: (1) diabetes, specifically NIDDM, and (2) heart disease, specifically atherosclerosis. These diseases are commonly known as lifestyle diseases mainly because of their non-curable characteristic. It was found out that diabetes, in the family, might skip a generation because one of our grandparents had it, but none of their children or our parents was able to acquire diabetes. However, this is still only a theory and is not yet conclusive as we are yet to establish the prevalence among our (second) generation. ...

Introduction

Since the early years human development has always been shaped by diseases and ways of containing them. Diseases such as small pox, Tuberculosis and now AIDS from the HIV virus have influenced the way people live in the society and their agenda in preventing and treating diseases. This research is about influence of HIV virus on human development and what the society is doing in preventing the spread of the virus. Three articles on the virus will be reviewed with a discussion that is personal based on the human development topic.

Article Summaries

Article 1: Special Anniversary Review: Twenty-five years of human ...