Essays on Inoculation

Chapter 9

1 Gain-framed messages are more effective compared to the loss-framed messages. Gain-framed messages are more persuasive especially when the behavior is associated with preventive actions. Gain-framed messages change beliefs and attitudes towards certain behaviors such as smoking which leads to avoidance. Gain-framed messages involve gaining the desired outcome or preventing an undesired outcome. 2 The climax order of arguments puts one's best material for argument first while the anticlimax order saves the best material for last. The pyramidal order sandwiches the best points in the middle of the argument. Both the anticlimax and climax order have been proved effective ...

Flu is a viral disease that influences for the most part the nose, throat, bronchi and, once in a while, lungs. Disease typically goes on for around a week, and is portrayed by sudden onset of high fever, hurting muscles, cerebral pain and extreme disquietude, non-beneficial hack, sore throat and rhinitis (WHO, 2016). The name "flu" started in fifteenth century Italy, from a plague ascribed to "impact of the stars." The principal pandemic, or overall pestilence, that unmistakably fits the portrayal of flu was in 1580. No less than four pandemics of flu happened in the nineteenth century, and ...

INTRODUCTION

Klebsiella pneumoniae belongs to Klebsiella species of Enterobacteriaceae and constitutes the normal flora of the human mouth and intestine. K. pneumonia is the most predominant and clinically critical organism. Infections with K. pneumoniae are mostly contracted from the hospitals and principally occur in patients with damaged host defenses. The objective of this study is to perform techniques to identify the bacterium in the given sample and confirm its presence by staining and microscopic analysis.

Streaking may be performed on the clinical sample using Mac Conkey agar or blood agar with the goal of isolating colonies of the organism from ...

Immunizations in Children

According to World Health Organization (WHO), “Immunization is the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine” (World Health Organization). This definition of WHO can be further elaborated by saying that the concept of immunization works by stimulation of the immune system. The immune system performs the function of protecting the body against disease causing agents. In its healthy condition, the body’s immune system has the ability to recognize any invading microbe. The leucocytes identify the microbes and produce antibodies against them. These antibodies are capable ...

Abstract

Vaccination is an issue that every parent has to face. Whether to subject their child to vaccination or let them lead a natural life is a hard decision for every parent. The following article is a discussion as to why parents are reluctant to get their children inoculated. The article discusses the downsides of vaccination

Introduction

Vaccination is quoted as one of the best development of medical sciences. Inoculation of infants and individuals at a young age with vaccines has yielded great results through the ages. Occurrence rates of many diseases have fallen and many infants now survive to live long and healthy lives. ...

There exists about 300,000 plant species on earth, and every individual plant hosts one or more endophytes. However, it is just a few of these plants that have been researched relative to their endophytic biology. Hence, the chance for isolation of new, as well as, interesting endophytic bacteria in plants are important. Endophytic bacteria can be referred to as bacteria that can be isolated from tissues of a surface-disinfected plant or bacteria extracted from inside of a plant, which cause no visible negative effects to the plant. Almost every plant is populated by varied bacteria referred to as endophytes. Majority of ...

VaccinationsName

Vaccinations: A public health controversy What is vaccination? Immunization is the point at which an infection, or microorganisms, is deliberately managed to you (for the most part by infusion) so that your resistant framework can plan to battle a future contamination. The ideal approach to do this is to open your body to murdered or debilitated infections or microbes (or parts of them), that can't result in disease. How can it function? • Most antibodies hold a smidgen of an ailment germ that is powerless or dead. Antibodies do not hold the kind of germ that makes many debilitated. A few antibodies ...

Despite the healthy benefits of inoculating children, parents still ask, “Is this right for my baby?” Since the heightened rate of autism among children, many parents have wondered if vaccines are to blame. Out of fear or the thought of saving their children, parents skip vaccines that protect children from harmful diseases such as tuberculosis, measles, mumps, and several others. Other parents simply believe that vaccines are unnatural and that if the child eats clean and lives healthy their body will naturally resist these diseases. This is all, of course, preposterous. Scientifically speaking, no amount of clean eating can ...

Soap manufacturers develop various products that include conventional soaps and antibacterial soaps to address today’s microbial threats. Antibacterial soaps are developed based on conventional ones with antibacterial agents added to the product. These antibacterial agents must have the ability to kill germs, but should not give adverse effects to human’s skin and general physiology. Scientific approach to investigate the effectiveness of antibacterial soaps begins with the hypothesis that antibacterial soap reduces more bacterial contamination compared to the conventional (non-antibacterial) soap. The two hypotheses are: - There will be decrease in bacterial growth variables (types, numbers of ...

Introduction

Cotton Mather was an influential Puritan minister of New England in USA. He was the son and grandson of two prominent Puritan ministers Increase Mather and Richard Mather. He was a prolific writer who had 468 publications to his credit. Some of the books written by him like 'Magnalia Christi Americana', 'Bonifacius' and 'The Angel of Bethesda' are very important for American history (GSU 2011). He completed his graduation at the age 16 from Harvard University, thereby becoming one of the youngest graduate ever from the institution. Mather like his father Increase Mather was a strong defender of Puritan orthodoxy and played ...

More than half a millennia after the Black Death first ravaged Europe and the Middle East, it is still studied and analyzed with morbid fascination. This disease epidemic is so memorable today because it was such a destructive and fearsome plague, spreading as quickly as it did between individuals, primarily from 1346 to 1350, and demonstrating a worst-case scenario when a disease is not understood well and conditions favor disease spread. The Black Death is primarily a disease of small mammals like rats, and is transmitted by fleas. The organism directly responsible for the disease is a bacterium (Yersinia pestis). Once rats, plentiful in ...

Introduction

Food items are always prone to spoilage which in most of the cases is precipitated by an increase in bad microbes that cause the food to change its property and thus food becomes unsafe for eating. The main purpose of inspection of food is to trace the presence of bad microbes that are available in most of the food products but below certain level they are harmless. Microbes are nothing but cells which are so microscopic that it is not possible to detect them when they are in very small numbers. In order to detect the presence of harmful ...

Industrial microbiology has helped greatly in the discovery and development of substances that we use in our day to day life. It applies scientific and bioengineering techniques to processes and materials. Microorganisms produce valuable products of industrial microbiology.(Law 15) They include; Antibiotics, fermentation beverages, enzymes for amino acids synthesis, dairy products, and recovery of minerals from low grade ores, waste and waste water management, Biodegradation of xenobiotics, synthesis of chemotherapy drugs, just to name but a few. It’s a field that requires people to research on existing problems find or discover new products, get ways of producing and commercializing ...

Powdery Mildew-A Disease in Strawberry

Strawberries are dicotyledonous, herbaceous, non-deciduous, perennial plants (Sarah 2007). They are widely cultivated for their fruit that is valued for its juicy quality, sweetness, bright red color, and distinctive aroma. The plant can fall victim to various diseases in its life cycle. The following paper aims at discussing the causal organism of powdery mildew disease in strawberries, its impact on the host, and environmental conditions that are needed for the disease to develop. Moreover, the paper describes steps I have undertaken in the practice class to prove the causal organism was using Koch’s Postulate.

Powdery Mildew is caused ...

Introduction and Background

In assessing the impact of microbes in the New South Wales (NSW) health system, it was discovered after laboratory testing evaluating Part A and B categories different types of colonies were discovered, for laboratory 1 evaluations. In laboratory 11specimens used in this experiment were blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid; sputum, swabs from and

Mucous membranes.

Bacteria colony morphology:-. E Coli. This bacterium appeared to be creamy, shinny and rose to a level of 2-3 mm. M Luteus. This one was yellow shinny circular and rose to 1-2 mm. Fungal colony morphology; Saccharomytes cerevsaie ( yeast) and Aspergillus nidulans ( Mould ). Precautions must be taken while ...

Fermentation

Inoculation of yeast is the second step in the fermentation process during making of white wine. It requires concentrated sulphates, typically with the concentration of 10 g/hl, to be added into the juice. Such approach allows stimulating the participating fermentors and inhibiting the action of spoilage microflora. In the next step, the starter juice has to go through the process of spontaneous fermentation, before it can be added into the tanks, which have been freshly filled, maintaining the concentration of 2-5%. The fermentation process dynamics in this case is largely dependent on the inherent strain of the yeast.

Moreover, ...