Essays on Insolvent

Moral hazard in equity contracts

In some instances, the seller of security is driven by incentives to conceal information from the purchaser and may engage in detrimental activities. This constitutes the problem of moral hazard in equity contracts. An example is the problem of Principal-Agent, which concerns the separation of possession and management of firms. The executives in corporations in this case only own a small share of the firm compared to the principals/share-holders. The managers then opt to pursue their interests at the expense of the firm's profitability bringing about a conflict of interest between the shareholders and corporate management (Banerji, and Basu ...

MEMORANDUM

Dear Sir, This memo is written to address the problems faced by the Big Corp. as a result of the bankruptcy of its subsidiary Sub Corp. the memo discuss the different statutory and regulatory matters applicable in this matter. It also recommends the solution on whether the dividends paid by the company should be treated as a return on capital or ordinary dividends. At first, it is important to understand the basic difference between preferred and ordinary stocks. Preferred shareholders have a preferred claim to the earnings and profits of the company. When the company has excessive cash and ...

Importance of Risk Capital to Bank of America

Bank of America maintains a portion of its capital as a buffer to cover for potential losses that are likely to arise from risky investments that are undertaken by the company. The amount of risk capital that the bank maintains is defined by the capital adequacy policies within the bank and the financial sector within the industry. As a corporate organization, Bank of America strives to deliver for its shareholders and improve their overall value in the company (Bank of America Corporation, 2016). They achieve this not only through the reliance on its operating income, but also investment income ...

Introduction

Amazon is an organization that started in 1994, as the earth’s biggest bookstore. The company in 1997, via IPO, raised $50 million. In 1999, the business explored new business models, marketplaces, and auctions. In 2000, after the fall in GP, the business shifted towards traditional retailers. The objective of this paper is to analyze the case “Amazon.Com the Brink of Bankruptcy” presented by Lynda M. Applegate in 2013. For the attainment of the purpose, the paper has been divided into seven segments. Each segment presents worthwhile information.

Financial statement analysis refers to the evaluation of the profitability, stability, ...

Introduction

Mark to market, also called fair value accounting, has been one of the most controversial accounting methodologies in financial reporting. Mark to market refers to an accounting process in which the reporting entities report the value of assets and liabilities as per the current market value as opposed to the book price thus making the methodology highly subjective (Association of American Bankers, 2016: Serakibi, n.d.). Therefore, since the reported value is pegged on the prevailing market value, it follows that the value of the financial statement would change as the market changes. In most cases, the change in value ...

How the Changes in the Insolvency Act of Mauritius in 2009 Have Changed How Mauritius Handles Bankruptcy and Insolvency?

Insolvency is having more debts then assets that are available to pay them. Insolvency is also determined when a bankruptcy court decides that a person or a business cannot earn the needed funds to pay off all of their debts. The court can then choose to discharge some or all of the debts. This leaves the creditors not getting the money that they are owed. In many cases the insolvent is permitted to retain a few assets. The changes brought to the insolvency act of Mauritius in 2009 have modernized the way Mauritius deals with bankruptcy and insolvency. This ...

The Souk Al-Manakh was a classic financial bubble that comprised of investors from around the oil-rich Persian Gulf, and it exploded after confidence in the system was affected. In August 1982, Investors’ checks were reported to bounce and the stock market exchange buckled within a month. The Kuwaiti Ministry of Finance demanded the clearance of all postdated checks by Banks to speed the close down of the stock exchange. The Kuwaiti government conveyed a clearinghouse company that tried to solve disputes and other plights of the investors and brokers (Al-Deera Holding). The arbitration panel was expected to address all ...

The merger between the Bank of America and Merrill Lynch

Astute Diligence provides that there is a criterion followed before any acquisitions. Benchmarking of the performance of the company on sale is critical in that it provides the buyers with a background and stability of the shares they are about to purchase. Horizontal mergers may result in economies of scale as production is concentrated on fewer sites, labor, and capital used more intensively. It happens if companies that seek to merge are in the same line of production denoting that the business that buys will incorporate what it has been doing the acquired one. Other savings may arise from ...