Essays on James Madison

Foremost, in the views of the Federalists, the only means through which the Constitution could maintain the partition of powers into the executive, legislative, and judiciary departments was through instructions incorporated into the structure of government. Accordingly, as Madison explains in Federalist #51, the Constitution gives each department “a will of its own” by ensuring that factors such as appointments are devoid of the other two’s influence. However, the new government gives more power to the “fountain of authority,” the citizens. By that logic, in the strictest sense, the people reserve the right to select the Head of ...

– Bill of Rights is a kind of an informal document, which has a direct bearing on the Constitution. If one defines it more precisely, it can be said that it is the so-called first ten amendments to the US Constitution itself, which had been proposed by James Madison, which were related to the rights and freedoms of people. – John Adams became the first Vice President. After George Washington was declared the US president, Adams was appointed as Vice President and was re-elected to the same position for the second time in 1792 (Perman 18). He did a very hard ...

When Federalists and Anti-Federalists were debating about the new U.S. Constitution, one of the most controversial issues was the balance of power between the national and state governments. In order give more power to the national government, Federalists had to take into account Anti-Federalists’ views and introduce three branches of power that would be empowered to control each other. James Madison, one of America’s founding fathers, wrote in The Federalist Papers that “power is of an encroaching natureit ought to be effectually restrained from passing the limits assigned to it.” (Cited in The Federalist Papers Project 19). It ...

One cultural effect of the War of 1812 was that the fact that the United States had remained unscathed with its boundaries intact. This led to a focus on nationalism, and on the expansion of the country westward. A new economic agenda for the young nation was then created, which concentrated on creating market economies in industrial locations, thus allowing for economic growth for many citizens. There was the so-called “Era of Good Feelings” that evolved, providing for the ultimate unification of the country and impetus for its expansion and growth (Berkin, et al, 2014).

Republican Motherhood

The term Republican Motherhood ...

The American political system as it was formulated by the Founding Fathers and written down in the Constitution was based on a particularly eighteenth century vision of liberal government based on Enlightenment ideals. The Constitution and the Bill of Rights as a document is a great example of what the priorities and values of the Framers of the Constitution were. The values of the Framers which they fought a war against Great Britain over basically centered around the belief in limited government, the decentralization of power and the separation of powers combined with a system of checks and balances. ...

(Student’s Full Name)

“America was indebted to immigration for her settlement and prosperity. That part of America which had encouraged them most advanced most rapidly in population, agriculture, and the arts.”—James Madison The above quotation made by one of America’s founding fathers, shows the crucial role that immigrants play in developing the United States. Nevertheless, there are those who argue that despite immigrants’ playing a significant part in the development of the nation, illegal immigrants should be deported as soon as they are identified. Others have objected to this practice based on the grounds that if ...

The American Revolution led to the foundation of the United States of America and, thus, was one of the major events in the American history. Its main results were the end of the British power in North America and the signing of Constitution, the main law document of the United States. The American Revolutionary War started for a range of reasons that appeared much earlier the escalation of the conflict. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the origins of the American Revolution and to recount the process that led to the signing of the ...

The book, "Revolutionary Characters: What Made the Founders Different" of 2006, is an essay collection, authored by the award-winning Gordon Wood from Brown University. He gives thoughtful discussions about the Founders and talks about their backgrounds, achievements, and even thoughts. Wood succeeds in supporting his argument that the Founders used their good characters in leadership and tells us why it has been hard for subsequent leaders to imitate which is “the growth of egalitarian democracy” (Wood, 29). “Why don’t we have such leaders today?” he asks (Wood, 4). Wood is bewildered by the fact that an equal society ...

For many years, the policy has been and remains the most important source and mechanism of the joint life of the organization of people. It is a powerful tool for targeted reforms in individual countries, as well as the life of the human community as a whole. However, it is still perhaps the most mysterious and multifaceted phenomenon, many paradoxes and contradictions that man was unable to spell over many thousands of years of history. Briefly summarize the arguments used by the revolutionary generation to justify succession from the British Empire.  How did those same arguments undermine the legitimacy ...

It May Not Work in Politics

It May Not Work in Politics

Introduction

According to Frederick Kaiser (2003), James Madison envisioned Congress as a body of chosen individuals that the public could submit their ideas to for debate, refinement, and, ultimately, implementation for the public good. But the question still remains unanswered whether or not the Congress truly represents the people, and if courts ensure that justice prevails.

In this modern world where commercialism dominates, people tend to forget professional ethics just to get up the ladder of success. Even a number of politicians defy their oath in the Code of Conduct as stated in the ...

The Constitutional Convention, also referred to as the Grand or Federalist Convention, that took place in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from May to September 1787 is touted as one of the most memorable, monumental and important events in the United States history after gaining independence from Britain. This is mainly because it revised and updated the initial Articles of Confederation, which formed the precursor to the modern liberal and lofty Constitution of the United States of America. The major aim of the Convention was to revise the Articles of Confederation and to create a new strong form, structure of system of ...

As a show of defiance to the ruling Federalist regime, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison founded the Democratic - Republican Party in 1791. This would also become the United States’ first opposition party. Jefferson and his followers had liberal views on how the country ought to have been run. Jefferson, having served as George Washington’s first secretary of state, had in his opinion experience in the regime that he saw as elitist. Jefferson’s supporters wanted a system of government that looked out for all Americans, regardless of social class. They also felt that power was centralized in ...

The basic Hobbesian idea in favour of the establishment of monocratic states is that the basic nature of human beings is to be self-serving and hence, a much more powerful external force (that is, more powerful than itself) would be needed to force individuals to form societies. However even at the surface level, this argument does not seem complete. The idea that humans are essentially self-centred does hold some water in that many modern sociological and psychological studies have shown as much. But this is not all – there is more at work here because if the formation of human ...

Exam Two

The War of 1812 was a conflict between the Britain and the US. Following the conflict, the US declared war on June 18th, 1812. This war resulted in the Napoleonic Wars that caused the Great Britain to partake on measures that aggravated the United States Ward (Hickey 13). Some reasons for the war include blocking the US from international trade, impressment by the Royal Navy, British violation of maritime rights and the British support of Native American hostility (Hickey 13). Britain lost the war to America. The war of 1812 fostered a great sense of patriotism among the Americans.

Thomas Jefferson

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Available Resources for the Homeless and Career Goals

In America many are not aware that there is still a problem with the homeless who are disoriented and disconnected from family and loved ones. Some of them have nowhere to turn to and no one to assist them. There needs to be a support structure in place to bridge the gap and provide them help. In order to achieve this, I devised a method incorporating available and valuable resources to aid the homeless. The following will discuss the latter as well as my career goals which are tied into strategy to assist them further. I’ve always wanted ...

Initially the leaders of the American Revolution did not consider the thought of political parties and battles between them. After the retirement from civil life, George Washington advised the Americans against the political parties in the year 1796. On the other hand, James Madison desired the idea of having political parties as a necessity; however, he did not approve them. Alexander Hamilton who liked the political and financial system of the British felt that faction was a frailty. Being an aristocrat, he favored the rich and the educated only, and considered the rest of the population as a great beast. On the ...

In order to compare and contrast both documents, it is important to discuss how the nullification crisis demonstrates a growing sectionalism between the North and the South. The disparities between the viewpoints of these opposing groups can be understood through the way in which these documents are drafted and the language that has been incorporated into them. These two documents demonstrate the fundamentally differing ideologies that the two parts of the nation had in regards to nullification. The position that each side had, and their essentially opposing viewpoints is represented within these documents. The South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification ...

The present world has been developed as a result of a large number of past events and occurrences. All through the past two hundred years, the world has seen a number of wars, disturbances, moments that have created the so called present world. The initial phase for the upbringings saw both a constructive and destructive phase. Thousands of people were killed in all parts of the world while many countries were conquered by the powerful nations. In the same period, some of the countries emerged as the major powers of the world. The most powerful nation that emerged out during that phase that ...

- Historical Documents In general, terms, the U.S Constitution is the country’s supreme law. It was adopted on 17 September 1787. However, it was not until 1789 that this constitution was ratified. During this time, it was ratified by only 11 states. Though authored by several personalities, Governor Morris who hailed from Pennsylvania has been credited as the man who chaired the committee that drafted the constitution. Other members of the committee included John Dickinson, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison among others (Ritchie et al. 56). The Constitution was created for a number of purposes. Of major importance, ...

Betty Rollin, in his article has condemned motherhood terming it as less important especially in the modern society. He concludes her article claiming that if God was to speak to people in an audible voice, he would say ‘multiply and be fruitful’ (Rollin 377). This is contrary to the biblical scripture that encourages people to increase in numbers through giving birth. Rollin has looked at motherhood in a negative perspective that is not fitting especially to a woman. She has neglected many other positive attributes of motherhood and mainly concentrated on the negatives. The fact is that, despite the challenges that ...

For nearly ten years the Articles of the Confederation had been in effect as the first agreement among the thirteen States since their independence from Britain. After that, it became evident that a new document for dictating how the new country should be organized had to be made. It was James Madison who presented a draft for a new government structure, aimed to give more power to a federal authority. The coalition that backed this draft was formed mostly by people from the State of Virginia, so it came to be known as the Virginia Plan. The most important feature of this ...

It was just before 1500 that the Europeans discovered the New World or the American continent conquering and dwelling in new lands. It is these settlements that led to the transformation of the physical and cultural landscape of America (Vile 78). The main entrants into America were the Spanish, Portuguese, French, English and Danish. These European powers divided America amongst themselves, displacing the native red Indians as they settled in various areas. The colonization led rise to new civilizations, cultures and later on states that translated to the merging of the European traditions and Native American institutions and people. ...

The US revolution and absolute independence did not come cheap. It came as a result of the immense sacrifices, determination and war waged by Americans with the colonial masters. Of course, there were oppositions, several factors set the pace for the revolution and the creation of the United States of America. A number of documents and early thinkers had influential effects in the drafting of the American Declaration of Independence. The writings of Thomas Hobbes can be classified among these early literatures that helped shaped the revolution, although with some exceptions. In the book, Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes argued that people ...

Judgment in the case of Marbury v. Madison, often referred to as the most important in the history of the United States Supreme Court, has put into practice the principle of judicial review and the authority of the Supreme Court to recognize the constitutionality of both legislative and executive acts. This case arose as a result of the political dispute that broke out after the presidential elections in 1800, when Democratic Republican Thomas Jefferson defeated the president of that time Federalist John Adams. In the final days of his being in office of the administration of Adams, Congress, in ...

Section 1: US Government

When the US constitution was set up, the founders divided the new government into three co-equal branches of government: The Legislative, the Executive and the Judicial. Each was given separate areas of responsibilities, that were designed to make the branches work together to govern the county. The idea was that no one branch would grow to dominate the other two. To make sure that didn’t happen, the founders built a system of checks and balances into the constitution. This system consists of a series of powers that each branch has over the other two, to prevent any one branch from ...

Constitutional Convention

Constitutional Convention of 1787 was a significant day in the history of the United States. Constitutional Convention set the future course of action for the national and state governments in the United States of America. Diverse factions and delegates from federal and state governments participated to formulate a constitution for the United States. Different factions represented at the Constitutional Convention with wide difference over numbers of issues, however, they all overcame the difference and finalized the American Constitution at the Constitutional Convention. American Constitution has been the foundation of the United States government for over two centuries. It defines the ...

[University]

Introduction

Perhaps no clause in the U.S. constitution has been so misconstrued and debated as the Second Amendment. In fact, even the Supreme Court could not make up their mind as to the true meaning of “A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed”. A decisive interpretation to this clause has been quite elusive. Since its ratification, only a few cases have found its way to the Supreme Court while the court’s decision has not helped clarify the matter more than being ...

Although the founding fathers were religious men, their character made them insist in constructing a nation that would defend the freedom of belief through a clear separation of church and state. They were afraid of a fusion of faith and government for many reasons. The most important is that they fought for their independency against a country where the king was the head of the church, and it was the history of European religious warfare what led to the settlement of America. Other events may have warned the founding fathers against letting any one sect have privileges over the others. As an example, ...

History

The Articles of Confederation were ratified in 1781 although the first draft had been written by Benjamin Franklin during the Revolutionary War. The Articles organized the colonies into a weak confederation of more-or-less independent states (Sturgis, 2002). The United States of America became a new nation but unfortunately in the mid-1780s an economic depression forced a serious challenge for the national government to find solutions to the economic problems. The Articles of Confederation did not include taxation power or any other power that would provide income for the national government. The meaning of an American democracy became a debating point particularly on the ...

Trudea Water Technology, Inc.

6788 East 67th Street

New York, NY 78932

Strategic Sourcing Analyst New York Department of Administration Procurement Division 400 Washington Street, Room E782

New York, NY 89071

Re: Letter of Transmittal/RFP 13-67 Dear Mr. Shaw Trudea Water Technology, Inc. is pleased to submit a business proposal in response to the request for proposal on the growing water sanitation problem in the Washington area of New York City. We fully understand the scope of the problem because we conducted a feasibility study and we are committed to ensure that the residents of Washington area do not experience water shortages in the near future. The ...

Introduction

The courts judicial review and constitutional interpretation has been a central rational objection for democracy. The regular judicial invalidation of policies passed by elected officials as a minimum brought up problems of democratic legitimacy. The rational objection, which has been brought up against a background over many years of the United States populist political argument, prompted the active use of the judicial power in constitutional interpretation give way to the decision of legislative and majorities. The courts power in striking down laws considered unconstitutional has been politically controversial throughout American history (Prakash, 2003). The judicial review power has become politically salient and ...

‘Instructor’s Name’

The influence and role of Virginia leading up to and in the American Revolution The American Revolution was the singularly important event of the modern history, as it marked the birth of a government which was responsible to the will of the people. The revolutionary war which lasted between the years 1765 and 1783, ended with the colonies separating from the British Empire and the new nation of Unites States of America being born. Virginia had a huge role to play in this revolutionary war, by producing some of the great revolutionary leaders and orators like George Washington, Thomas Jefferson ...

Considered as the father of the constitution, James Madison made significant contributions to the constitution. Together with other like-minded individuals, they crafted the American constitution with most of their contributions still relied on in the current constitutional dispensation (O’Toole, 2006). Some have either been replaced with better ones while others significantly improved. This paper compares the current constitutional process in relation to the situation as envisioned by James Madison in the 17000s. Further, the paper highlights two major areas that have greatly improved and another two that the current system negates. The major area that has seen a ...

The United States is a nation that has undergone a great transition since time in memorial. Since the second war of independence in 1812 to slavery trade in the 1810s and finally to an industrialized nation in the 1850s. These changes even led to aspirations for state sovereignty in a nation under foreign dominance. It is during this period that James Madison was succeeded by James Monroe as the President of theUnited States after serving for two terms. This essay will unfound the major events that occurred in the 1810s and 1820s, incorporating both the political and economic issues during and after ...

The Articles of Confederation were indeed important instruments since they created a basis to form a government which included checks and balances, something which was very advanced for the time and notably absent in other countries. The innovative approach included a three tier government which gave certain independence to the states but at the same time, the system of President, House of Representatives and Senate was radically innovative since it allowed neither branch of the Executive or Legislative gain control. In a sense this all started with the Constitutional Convention which took place in Philadelphia and which laid the groundwork for a written ...

Bill of Rights was first drafted as a compromise from the constitutional convection in 1791 (Donnelly 72). While the idea of Bill of Rights had been raised towards the end of Constitution Convention the delegates at time thought the suggestion pointless (Donnelly 72). As such, omission of Bill of Right raised argument of anti-federalist against the constitution. At thi point no state had conditioned for constitution ratification on Bill of Right, although there were a few that came close, a subject that almost prevented the entire constitution from being ratified (Donnelly 73). Anti-federalist fight to the issue continued even after the constitution ...

The Articles of the Confederation, as the first agreement among the thirteen States since their independence from Britain, had been in effect for nearly ten years, when it became evident that a new document for dictating how the new country should be organized was necessary. James Madison had been working on a draft for a new government structure, aimed to give more power to a federal authority. This draft came to be known as the Virginia Plan because the main representatives of the coalition behind it were from Virginia. One of its main features was the proportional representation of each State of the ...

Question one

The theory of checks and balances is a theory seeking to limit the power of the branches of government by way of accountability as against each other. This theory is premised on the footing that if power vested in an individual or a branch of government is left unchecked, it is bound to be abused. Checks and balances are described as the sharing of power. In essence, it is not entirely true. Rather, checks and balances refers to a system of accountability whereby each arm of government that is the executive, the judiciary, and the Legislature serve as watchmen or better still, ...

The Philadelphia Convention 1787

Customer Inserts Tutor’s Name (29, 09, 2013) The United States came into existence when thirteen countries on the Atlantic coast jointly rebelled against the colonialism policy of an empire where sun used not to set. The British had to face strong aggression from North American colonies against the promulgation of various acts and political and economic expansion on the American hemisphere. The independence was declared on July 4, 1776 and prominent personalities among the founding fathers George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison took charge of the new born confederation of United States of America. ...

Introduction

Federalist #51 proves to one of the most significant papers amongst all the Federalist papers. This paper talks of the principle of republicanism which in-depth covers the principle of divided powers and their establishment and maintenance in the American constitution. This paper gives a description of how the constitutional systems do prevent the division of governmental powers into separate institutions. It also explains why it is difficult to gradually bring these governmental powers into the hands of an institution or an individual.From the federalist#51, there exist two features of the Constitution's plan which guarantee separation of powers and the maintenance ...

What factors led the US to follow Hamilton's vision of a market based economy over Jefferson's vision of an agrarian based society? Thomas Jefferson who was born in 1743 always favoured a strong agrarian approach in his politics. The third President of the United States is also remembered as the mastermind who negotiated the Louisiana Purchase and was also the chief author of the Declaration of Independence. While Thomas Jefferson sought about sending Lewis and Clarke on their expedition to explore the new west, Alexander Hamilton foresaw the problems with the new Confederation and saw the necessity for centralization. In ...

James Madison, who was born on 16th March 1751 at Belle Grove Plantation in Virginia, was the fourth United States’ president between the year 1809 and 1817. He was among the United States of America’s Founding Fathers. He was a political theorist as well as a statesman of America. At the 1787 Convention on Constitution, he impacted the setting up and consent of the United States’ Constitution and cooperated with John Jay and Alexander Hamilton in the Federalist papers publication. As a new House of Representatives member, he patronized the initial 10 Constitutional amendments, normally referred to as the Bill of ...

The facts relating to Marbury were rather complex. During the elections of the year 1800, the organized Democratic-Republican Party led by Thomas Jefferson consequently defeated John Adams’ Federalist Party as it created a conclusive atmosphere of general political panic due to the overall aspects of lame duck Federalists. Within his final days of presidency, Adams made a number of appointments with a large number of justices for peace within the District of Columbia. Their commissions were eventually approved by the Senate as they were signed by the sitting president and later affixed with the government’s official seal. However, the commissions were ...

The Bill of Rights is an essential part of American government. Not only did the Bill of Rights play an important role in the ratification of the Constitution of the United States, it laid the foundation for the modern legal system. Some of the most important Amendments in the Bill of Rights are the 1st, 6th, 7th, 8th, and 10th. The 1st Amendment is one of the main reasons that people from around the world idolize life in the United States. The 6th, 7th, and 8th Amendments are some of the basic principles that guide the legal system today. ...

In Carol Berkin's book A Brilliant Solution: Inventing the American Constitution, the personalities and attitudes of the men who penned the Constitution are examined in detail, looking at the events in chronological order and checking into the various interpersonal dramas that took place around this time period. Berkin does a tremendous amount of research and homework in order to bring to life the emotions and feelings that were experienced by the Founding Fathers at the time of the ratification. This leads to a book that is heavy-hitting, thorough and dramatic in its telling of the beginning of America as a country today.

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History of America

America was discovered in 1492 by the Spanish. Since then Americans have faced many difficulties. America arose to a position, at which it is today, by a lot of hard work and determination of most of its leaders. American history is enriched with a series of events taking place at different times. In the late 1700s to the mid 1800s its leaders such as Jefferson, Madison, Adams, and so on worked towards developing America and making it a better state. Following are some of the events which took place during this time period.

Federalists were against Jefferson. As quoted by Jefferson, “I own ...

Classroom:

Federalist 57 James Madison

Federalist 57 is an article that was authored by James Madison. In this magazine, James came up with various arguments regarding the constitution. From the list of the federal papers, this article was ranked 57th. The federal papers are articles that consist of arguments of people who wanted citizens to be involved in the adoption of the constitution1. The movement by people who supported federalism took active part mostly in the late 1780s. The people who took active part in this were the state men and other public figures in the United States of America. ...

Many of us puts a different meaning in the concept of democracy. For some, it is a set of political institutions, for others it means a particular political regime. In fact, the nature of society, which claims to be democratic, is determined by how clear the idea of ​​democracy is and the nature of institutions that are designed to ensure the implementation of this idea to life. The very essence of democratic government is the absolute will of the majority – in such a way it was defined in 19th century by Alexis de Tocqueville. However, according to one of the founders of the ...

A Troublesome Process: The Articles of Confederation, the Constitution and

the Creation of America’s Republican Ethic

When the Second Continental Congress adjourned in 1781, it was not to the universal acclaim of the men who thought they had worked out a practical and effective means of balancing centralized power with the autonomy of the young republic’s 13 members. The new nation’s revolutionary epoch had left its leaders profoundly mistrustful of any government endowed with undue power. One cannot help but wonder how many members of the second Congress left the proceedings suspecting they had only partially done the work of social engineering needed to knit together the ...