Essays on Language Skills

Cognitive processes are complex and entangled, involving a multiplicity of elements and factors, which still makes it a remaining mystery for many researchers and scholars. The greatest questions concern how the system of cognitive processes function and how it is developed. The latter one will be further analyzed in the essay, with a special attention paid to the differences in the children's and adults' cognitive processes, and the aim to trace certain stages or tendencies in their development, as well as trying to define the ways of their performance improvement. The essay will primarily focus on the cognitive process ...

Psychology: Nature vs. Nurture Essay

Language constitutes an essential characteristic of human beings and is regarded as a primary form of communication between individuals. The role of nature and nurture in language acquisition among young children has been a continuous debate in developmental sciences, education, and social sciences like sociology and psychology. This issue is not only conflicting but also complementary. It has laid a foundation for better understanding of how biological and environmental factors interact to influence language development in children (Yusa et al. 2011). Available research shows that there is no clear pattern of the causes and effects associated with human cognition ...

Abstract

The growing demand for the competitive specialists justifies the particular attention and concern to the Malaysian students’ reading comprehension skills from the Malaysian authorities. The introduction of teaching the Malaysian core school subjects in the English language (Yassin et al., 2009) provided the continual attempts and experiments to define the most efficient way to decrease achievement gaps in the reading of Malaysian pupils. Starting from the 5th grade, students extend their vocabulary through reading (Zubairi & Sarudin, 2009). The following research proposes the method of using “Reading Cues’ as scaffolding answering the closed or WH-questions to improve the performance of ...

Studying abroad, in a foreign country is always an exciting and scintillating experience. Yet there are a few ‘hurdles’ standing in the way of international students when it comes to gaining admission into a good university abroad. These are the placement tests required to prove one’s aptitude and capability in order to get admission into any program in the chosen university. Many countries all around the globe require applicants to appear for placement tests before they can get admission into them. The United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, Canada and many other countries with some of the top ...

U.S. schools’ populations have been changing fast due to the arrival of foreign students, therefore classes have become more linguistically diverse (Spillett). The number of the learners, whose first language is not English, has increased significantly over the past years and continues to grow (Colombo). A large number of such students are confronted with the challenge of meeting the expectations of the country in which they are studying. According to the federal rules, children have to take state tests during their first week in school. These requirements have to be passed in order to keep up with their English-speaking ...

Reading is one of the four language skills. It is taught mostly during the first years of studying at school and is considered to be one of the basic skills each person should possess. It seems impossible to imagine a modern well-educated person who is not able to read or displays poor reading proficiency. However, some children face various reading disabilities. The resolution of this problem is special reading programs intended to increase reading proficiency which turned out to be quite effective. The results of the study show that the elementary school students who use reading proficiency in class ...

Introduction

The advancements made in the field of technology have irreversibly changed the way people live, communicate and perform the everyday activities. Some of the routine duties have disappeared, yet humans experience the extreme shortage of time and energy to perform all the activities they are wiling to do. The digitalized tools have replaced the everyday practices. The reading and writing have also been affected by these changes. Some technologies brought negative consequences to people’s lives, while others were positive. One of such technologies, which had positive influence on the literacy practices, is the iPhone 6s Plus. Its design, ...

In a globalized world, it seems as though culture shock is inevitable. Essentially, people “encounter culture shock whenever they uproot themselves from a familiar setting and move to an unfamiliar one,” (Ting-Toomey & Chung, 2011, p. 93). With millions of people traveling as tourists, finding work in other countries, and students studying outside of their homeland, culture shock is an experience that will ultimately affect so many. For some scholars, what it really boils down to is how a person handles their culture shock, and how their reaction to culture shock will affect their ability to adapt to a new ...

Abstract

Given that the relationship between music education and mathematics education has been speculated for a long time, the study seeks to investigate whether music education has effect on mathematics education or not. It is perceived that children who learn mathematics through music and dance tend to be more active, and would retain the same information well even by verbal instructions. Using a controlled randomized experiment, the study will involve 6th grade school going children from one city. Before the tests are administered in the factors, as music and mathematics, letters seeking permissions from parents will be sent. The letters ...

Introduction

Studies on psychology and cognition have shown that a child’s language has a great impact on his/her ability to regulate his emotions and behavior. In order for two people to understand and share meaning with one another, a clear ground should first be laid out to avoid misunderstandings. A study involving 120 children aged 18 months to 4 years old showed that participants who had superior language skills expressed less anger upon reaching 4 years old (Roben, Cole, & Armstrong, 2012). Most children in their early stages learn to use language as a means of self-expression and self-regulation, because ...

Abstract

My motor skills developed on time, although my motor coordination is still not very good. My physical development is in line with normal course of development of a person. I have sustained healthy weight throughout my childhood and adolescence, and my height and weight started growing rapidly during puberty that started at the age of 11. My height and weight during puberty were different from my peers, which made me feel self-conscious and lowered my self-esteem. Puberty was also marked with emotional and behavioral changes that affect many adolescents. I have completed Piaget’s stages of development on time ...

Literature Review

Huang et al. uses an interview process in order to find out the specific language skills are the most problematic for ESL students (Huang, Cunningham, & Finn, 2010). By interviewing three different classroom teachers, it is suggested that ESL students have challenges in English speaking, reading, academic listening, and writing skills. “Specifically, understanding classroom tasks, giving oral presentations in content classes, and being able to communicate a problem” (68) are considered the most challenging aspects for ESL students. This study suggests that teachers can help ESL students improve their academic English skills in the school setting. In order to properly ...

Literature Review

Huang et al. (2010) uses an interview process in order to find out the specific language skills are the most problematic for ESL students. By interviewing three different classroom teachers, it is suggested that ESL students have challenges in English speaking, reading, academic listening, and writing skills. “Specifically, understanding classroom tasks, giving oral presentations in content classes, and being able to communicate a problem” (68) are considered the most challenging aspects for ESL students. This study suggests that teachers can help ESL students improve their academic English skills in the school setting. In order to properly assist ESL students, ...

The process of becoming fluent in writing and speaking a second language is a complex process that relies on a number of influences; individual personality characteristics such as maturity, past experiences, exposure to the new language, learning environment, motivation, and natural inclinations to adapting to new skills are some factors that promote or hinder progress. Research involving experimentation, investigation, and empirical studies has been conducted to describe individual factors that influence the quality and speed of children’s learning a second language and will be examined. Some children are born into multilingual families with different cultural backgrounds and it ...

America is known as the melting pot of the world, a place where people from any part of the world who wishes to get equal opportunities in life go to. In a land where peole are recognized for what they can do, people have flocked and continue to migrate to America to get a taste of freedom to do whatever one wants and be successful in whichever way one wants to be. Truly, these promises of the United States had people dreaming of getting there someday and see what the most progressive country in the world has to offer. ...

In a globalized world, it seems as though culture shock is inevitable. Essentially, people “encounter culture shock whenever they uproot themselves from a familiar setting an move to an unfamiliar one,” (Ting-Toomey & Chung, 2011, p. 93). With millions of people traveling as tourists, finding work in other countries, and students studying outside of their homeland, culture shock is an experience that will ultimately affect so many. For some scholars, what it really boils down to is how a person handles their culture shock, and how their reaction to culture shock will affect their ability to adapt to a new ...

(the author’s name) (the institutional affiliation) (the student’s name), Department of , University.

This research was supported by (acknowledgments, funding sources, special circumstances).

Introduction The diversity of students in the elementary classroom posits concerns about providing instruction to embrace multiculturalism. Teaching standard American English takes precedence, and teachers should promote this way of African American students acquiring the language skills. Nonetheless, teachers should recognize their young students’ language peculiarities of Ebonics despite the negative connotations attached to it. Specifically, many people interpret Ebonics disapprovingly due to a corrupt form of English (Ramirez, Wiley, Klerk, Lee, & Wright, 2005, p. 41). This is the reason why both school teachers and ...

English as a Second Language international Logic Model

Logic model Explanation of the model The ESLi (English as Second Language international program) has a mission of improving the English language competency of international students while preparing the students for learning in universities in North America. Consequentially, the model offers a pathway program to fast track entry into universities. Upon completion of the model’s training student’s grammar, reading, listening, speaking and pronunciations, reading and composition skills are improved and entry into universities is guaranteed.

Resources

The resources that will be needed for the English as Second Language international program comprises of finances, teaching resources such as learning ...

English as a Second Language international Logic Model

Logic model Explanation of the model The ESLi (English as Second Language international program) has a mission of improving the English language competency of international students while preparing the students for learning in universities in North America. Consequentially, the model offers a pathway program to fast track entry into universities. Upon completion of the model’s training student’s grammar, reading, listening, speaking and pronunciations, reading and composition skills are improved and entry into universities is guaranteed.

Resources

The resources that will be needed for the English as Second Language international program comprises of finances, teaching resources such as learning ...

Abstract

This paper presents a literature review on the effects of autism in early childhood development. Autism is a brain development disorder that has extremely debilitating effects on communicative and social development. Children suffering from autism exhibit different development patterns from their peers and develop at a much lower pace. They face considerable difficulties in understanding the feelings of others, as well as in interacting. These challenges can have adverse impacts on how they learn and develop. The symptoms of autism are varied and heterogeneous but involve repetitive behaviors, deficits in social relatedness and the presence of limited interests. The ...

Literacy means an individual's capacity to use language and pictures to communicate ideas and thoughts to other people. It involves the ability to speak and understand a language in its spoken form, including reading and writing using that specific language. Especially when an individual is living in a foreign country that speaks a language other than the individual's mother tongue, then it is expected that at the very least, the individual could communicate using the English language. This is the reason children of foreigners living in America attend English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL), which is very much similar with English ...

Letters to My Son are letters written by Lord Chesterfield to his son whereby he praises and criticizes him. Chesterfield uses a number of literary devices in his letter such as metaphors, imageries, anastrophe, tonal shift and many others. In addition, Chesterfield uses rhetorical devices such as logos and name calling so that his son can heed to his advice. Chesterfield uses different tones, and language devices to make pass his intended information to his son. He changes his tone, and uses different language styles to be able to convince his son to follow the values, and advice in the ...

Globalization brings about the needs of global companies to operate more efficiently with the aim to gain competitive advantages and to face the contemporary issues and challenges in the contemporary world. A critical factor in optimizing organizational efficient operations of these companies is the IHRM (Guest et al., 2000a; Guest et al., 2000b). The HRM operations helps in developing and motivating the workforce of the companies to improve skills, knowledge, and the modernization required for the companies to vie with ...

Strategies for Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) show differential developments over years. Traditional classroom settings of language learning are becoming less and less viable for effective language learning and acquisition. This paper aims to provide a schematic presentation of five major approaches to TESOL namely, vocabulary, communicative, whole language, total physical response and musical approaches.

The vocabulary approach is a long adopted method for TESOL. Research on Chineses students (Gu and Johnson, 2006), for example, shows vocabulay-based strategies enhance vocabulary repertoire as opposed to language proficiency.

The communicative approach, meanwhile, introduces a different perspective on language learning ...

Expatriates face a myriad of cultural issues as they conduct their business internationally and employ certain adjustment mechanisms. In general, expatriates face cultural and identity issues of temporariness, uncertainty, gender inequality, differing language skills, alienation from the corporate culture, “nomadic” family issues. This view has been supported in the works of McNulty and Inkson (2013), Hocking, Brown, and Harzing (2007), and Benson and Pattie (2009). Cross-cultural adjustment necessitates traits, skills, and capacities such as open-mindedness, cross-cultural awareness and sensitivity, flexibility, patience, and a sincere interest in other cultures. Those who may not readily adjust to new cultural surroundings may need ...

Studying abroad helps one to gain new knowledge and expertise in their field. At the postgraduate level, particularly, it expands the field of view of an individual and helps them to understand problems and analyze them from a global perspective. When studying abroad, the chances of acquiring new knowledge are high. This normally occurs when students from different countries share their experiences, and then together come up with different solutions to these problems. Foreign students also get the opportunity to learn and improve on their language skills. This has both short term and long term benefits. In the short term, ...

Abstract

The Language Arts lesson intended for Kindergarten and 1st grade was drafted based on the major theories of language acquisition. There are several theories in language development introduced to rationalize the process involved in language learning. This paper will provide a rationale to the lesson presented herewith based on the tenets of major language acquisition theories. In order to clearly stipulate the concept of language development from which the lesson based from, the theories to be discussed will be compared and determine apparent contradictions between their concepts. Nativists and Behaviorists are two different ideas and theoretical foundation that define ...

Introduction

Kindergarten age is the budding stage for any child as it encompasses the values and skills ingrained in the deep layers of young minds. And it is truly the value addition that is done at this age for staying forever in the form of attitude, temperament, and character building. This makes it all the more important to mentor the kids in the right direction with right method of teaching and learning. But, making learning a fun process is an art, and especially for this age, the dynamics are to be taken care so that learning process is fun-filled. The impact ...

Introduction

Cross-cultural decision making skills have been recognized to be increasingly vital to military and defense operations (Johnson & Friedland, 2009). The day-to-day operations of international military forces, in their interaction with different cultures as they work overseas, require intercultural competence to make decisions that are both appropriate and culturally sensitive (Johnson & Friedland, 2009). Cross cultural competency (3C) is accomplished through three unique steps: Cultural self-awareness, suspension of judgments and biases, and the development of skills that fit within domains of a new culture (Selmeski, 2009). Already, educational measures are being implemented by military colleges to promote 3C in military ...

Article Review on

"Help your child or teen get back on track: What parents and professionals can do for childhood emotional and behavioral problems." by Kenneth H. Talan

I have chosen to analyse the article from social-emotional development theory, which involves the social and emotional development of children and teenagers which continues to adulthood. The issues on social and emotional development are based on the eight stages of development developed by a psychiatrist, Erik Erikson in 1956. Emotional intelligence describes a person’s ability to express or show his emotions accordingly, interpret other people’s emotions, and understand emotions; what triggers it and ...

Introduction

Canada has over time been attracting a high number of immigrants each year. This number has also been increasing each year (Reitz, 2005). About 20% of the country’s population is made up of foreigners. Based on the data from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, the annual immigration flow of the country is now one of the highest among the OECD members. For example, in the year 2011, the country received some 249,000 new immigrants, which was more than the number it received in 2010 (281,000). The two main cited reasons for this immigration are job ...

The impact of ‘Job search strategies for international student’ workshop on me

I attended a workshop that was focused on international students and their strategies to get a job. The workshop was held on 4.3.2014 between 4 to 5 p.m. in Davidson auditorium. There were about 20 students like me who attended the workshop. The biggest reason why I chose to attend this workshop was that I am an international student, and this workshop might be helpful for my future career aspirations. The workshop has a very powerful impact on me, as it was very descriptive and gave a detailed process description of how to find employment in the U.S. market. Following were my ...

Overview

Balanced literacy involves language arts acquisition using a program consisting of word study, small strategy groups, and interactive read aloud, along with shared, independent, and guided reading. These essential components help a learner to understand written and spoken communication by emphasizing on reading, writing, listening, speaking, and viewing. Literacy is an important aspect everyday activities and modern social networks emphasize this, people cannot “Tweet” and comment if they do not write. Yet even with increasing trends in globalization some children are more advanced, and some need to learn solutions to their education challenges. Balanced literacy instruction supports students’ need by ...

Abstract

English is a global language that started in Europe but has been adapted by other countries as a lingua franca. It is a language that is mainly used for communication between and among people. Just like any other language, English contains the four language skills that need to be mastered in order for an individual to manipulate the language for fluent communication. The four language skills include reading, listening, speaking and writing, the learners find them difficult, and this affects their education and communication. The focus is to explore strategies that help in the development of the four language skills taught in ...

It has long been my ambition to study abroad, and to undertake my studies in an English-speaking country, as my primary objective has always been to improve my English language capabilities so that my fluency in that important global language would be increased. That would also fulfil my second objective – to obtain a Western education, which is highly valued in the world of business. So you might imagine my delight at obtaining a scholarship in my first choice of overseas country for my studies – the United States of America. A major obstacle to my dreams and those of others like me ...

Developmental psychology primarily focuses on childhood development since it is the period within which a lot of changes take place. This field focuses on the interplay of nature and nurture and their influence on individual development; with nature concerning matters of genetic inheritance and maturation whereas nurture focuses on the impact of our environment and experience. As mentioned earlier developmental psychology focuses on a number of areas including language development. Language refers to the expression of human communication through which knowledge, belief and behavior can be expressed using a system of symbols and rules. Language development begins quite early in life ...

The research problem

Introduction Balanced literacy approach to reading is a program involving language art acquisition. The program has every component that a learner needs to understand written and spoken communication. The program puts more emphasize on reading, writing, listening, speaking, and viewing. Literacy is a very vital aspect in the modern society because almost every activity is guided by education. However, even with the high rate of globalization and as more people become more advanced, some people are yet to get solutions to education challenges they face. Literacy courses are integrate in the school curriculum because if two main reasons. Firstly, they are ...

Introduction

English is one of the most spoken languages in the world. It has spread from the European countries to other countries and thus it transitioned into a global language. The teaching of English varies within the different levels of education. Today, in most European countries, English is taught as a foreign language for better understanding and fluent communication between and among people. English, just as any other language, has four language skills that one must follow in order to have enough knowledge on it. The four language skills include; listening, reading, speaking and writing. This essay explores strategies that help in ...

Is ‘Play’ on Its Way Out?

Is ‘Play’ on Its Way Out?

Introduction

The paper addresses two questions in service of the overall query, “Is ‘play’ on its way out?” The two questions are: - Do children play less than they used to? - Why should we be concerned?

Do Children Play Less Than They Used To? Two research efforts have concluded that children do indeed play less than they used to. Hofferth and Sandberg (cited by Gray, 2011) compared 6 to 8 year old children in 1997 with children of the same age in 1981 and found a substantial decrease in time spent ...

Introduction

Globalization is a process that relies upon strategies internationally with the aim of expanding business operations on the face of the world. This is with the help of global communications, which have been made possible due to advancements in technology, developments in the political front, socioeconomic, and the environment. Another definition to globalization is cross-border interactions being intensified and countries depending on one another. This definition shades light on how the international system has changed. Relationships have changed in individual states due to depending on one another and whatever events are ongoing outside their boundaries are more likely to have ...

An American immigrant leaves his or her mother country in search of business opportunities as well as expectations of a superior lifestyle associated with America. These particular expectations are often hinged on the fact they could achieve better lifestyles via better work and schooling opportunities in the United States. Nevertheless, this isn't always the situation. These particular immigrants experience a lot of issues from their new surroundings such as language climate and lifestyle which, to a large extend, influence their successes or failures in the United States. They influence their economic as well as social standing within their new environment and, therefore, ...

Philosophy

The argument is based on the discrimination between people, and this argument has been extended to non-human animals which are as much terrestrial beings as humans are. The liberation movements have yielded golden results in different parts of the globe, be it the Apartheid or the ones that fought against foreign imperialism. Women got their right, but they had to wage a long standing battle to be finally considered at par with men. The darkly skinned people had to snatch their rights, and so was the case with those countries that were ruled by foreign power. The subject in question ...

Abstract

There are a number of factors that lead to efficient learning and teaching, especially for children. This discussion will center around two different episodes that have occurred in the English as a Second Language (ESL) classroom-- these two episodes will be analyzed in the context of a number of different motivation and learning theories, including Maslow’s theory of motivation and the theories of multiple intelligences. The goal for ESL classrooms is always to encourage the best possible functional use for the English language; understanding students and encouraging them to participate in the learning process is the first step in encouraging good, ...

PSYCHOLOGY

Psychology 3a. This is a very wide research problem. An infant named MB was reviewed. The infant was two months of age and was in the stages of infancy. MB spent the majority of her time resting. In the time that MB was awake, there were several experiments that has d been conducted in order to examine her reflexes. MB demonstrated consistent signs of reflex activity with the exceptions of the tonic neck and stepping reflex. MB did not have the capacity of holding her head upright and did not demonstrate any signs of motor development initiations. MB’ ...

[Critical Discourse Analysis of Transcript]

Introduction

Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a branch of etymology that looks to see how and why certain writings influence readers and listeners. Through an examination of the syntax, it means to reveal the 'shrouded philosophies' that can affect a peruser or listener's perspective of the world. Investigators have taken a gander at a wide mixed bag of speech and composed writings – political statements, promoting, standards and regulations – trying to exhibit how message makers use second language (wittingly or not) in a manner that could be ideologically huge. A hefty portion of the apparatuses utilized as a part of CDA ...

Personal Statement: Computer Science

Because business organisations in our world are increasingly inter-dependent, computing skills and expertise are absolutely vital. Successful organisations must be fully conversant with the computing environment. As a specific example, for over 30 years, my family has run a restaurant business similar to “Nando’s”, which now requires serious innovation and modernisation. I will use the knowledge and expertise gained through this Computer Science course, to help them create systems to make their business efficient and competitive. I know that the course is challenging, but that it will ultimately equip me with skills that will be a tremendous asset in the international ...

Source: WSJ, Software for Smaller Doctors’ Offices Getting More Venture Attention, By Timothy Hay, November 13, 2014.

Analysis: The graph shows that the number of venture investments in medical software has markedly decreased from 1997. Accordingly, the total investments have also taken a downward turn. Both the figures remained low till 2010. From 2011, the total investments have started rising considerably, though the number of fundings has taken a moderate pick-up. This indicates that the fundings are now small in number but larger in size.

Graph 2:

Source: WSJ, How the day of Release could Affect Music Sales, by Hannah Carp, October 27, 2014. Analysis: It can be observed from the graph that a Monday release of Music album provides ...

Theories of first and second language acquisition and learning and the associated language teaching approaches

Linguistic experts have developed many theories that analyze the process of first and second language acquisition and learning and the associated learning approaches. First language learners undergo an extensive and vigorous process in acquiring and learning a second language. Some of the most recognized scholars who have developed second language learning and acquisition theories include Krashen, Chomsky, Crystal, Brooks, Harmon, and Frith.

Chomsky’s theory of Universal grammar (UG)

Noam Chomsky introduced the theory of Universal Grammar (UG) in 1980. Chomsky argued that knowledge of grammar depends on two main components, the principles and properties shared among all languages, and the variation between properties of these languages. ...

The effectiveness of the strategies employed by a teacher to teach will be reflected by the proficient of the student in the oral language. The teacher, the strategy and the environment of the class have a significant effect on the compression of the student on the reading material. The language skills and the listening skills are much influence on how the child relate to the teacher. Furthermore, the mastering of vocabulary, listening skills, reading, listening skills and sentence structure skills, don’t come automatically to the child once he or she join school. Thus, these skills are required to be nurtured ...

Teaching strategies for ESL students in the Mainstream High School English Classroom

Introduction The rise of the English language as a basic communication skill needed in the corporate world has become one of the reasons why non-native English speakers find it of utmost importance and therefore, would enroll in English language courses. The TESL First Annual Panel in Ontario (2007) published that at least in Ontario, Canada, teaching ESL or English as a Second Language dated back to post-World War II when a great number of immigrant soldiers were included. Hence, the rise for the need of a language program for newcomers was administered by the Ministry of Education. One and a half decade ...

Language, Literacy and Universal Education

Describe what your literacy and language program would look like in your kindergarten classroom based on your reading assignments (4 pages) Introduction Upon reading the two specific materials, “The Essentials of Early Literacy Instruction” by Kathleen A. Roskos, James F. Christie, and Donald J. Richgels and “Learning to Read and Write: Developmentally Appropriate Practices for Young Children” by The International Reading Association and the National Association for the Education of the Young Children, this paper details significant and specific literacy and language development programs which are deemed most effective in the more globally demanding literacy needs of ...

In the Child's Mind: Language Acquisition and Mastery

Besides birth itself, there is no other event in a child's life that is more significant or elicits the excitement of proud parents more so than the utterance of his first words. Whether those words are "mama", "daddy" or "baba" is significant in itself, but the remainder of childhood will be spent adding to, and honing early language skills during the voyage through adulthood. Language acquisition and its mastery entail a vast array of cognitive processes -- ones that continually shape and re-shape the human brain until death. While language acquisition as a part of cognitive development still largely remains a mystery, ...

A. Listening strategy to reinforce listening skills in the lesson plan

One can incorporate the use of summarizing in the lesson to help the listener understand and remember the main ideas captured in a presentation. A summary of the main points will assist the listener to remember and understand ideas in a presentation. Summarizing and paraphrasing a speaker’s speech helps the listener to increase the chance of recalling. Notes taken in the course of the presentation will help the listen to make future reference (Cordella & Musgrave, 2010). To learn a language depends on the listening strategy. Listening provide an aural input that act as a basis to acquire language to enable learner's interact with ...

When Latin was the dominant language, teaching language implied teaching rules of grammar. The introduction of new European languages led to the Grammar-Translation Method. The Reform movement brought the spoken mode into focus. Direct Method was developed as a reaction to Grammar-Translation method. It insisted on the use of Target language. It lacked a proper methodology, so Coleman Report suggested the Reading Method. This method neglected other language skills. Needs for teaching languages changed during the Second World War and gave rise to the Audio-lingual method in U.S. and the Situational Approach in Britain. Gradually, the function of language for the ...

You were a naïve little mongrel when you went and now you are a grown up professional! This is how my aunt puts it. I accept this ‘compliment’ in all humility and just smile back at her. She reminds me of ‘myself’ a few years back and I compare my ‘then’ and ‘now’. As a mature, responsible, learned, flexible and knowledgeable person, I thank the land of America (or put the name of your host land) for being such a wonderful host all these years (or months, please see your case). Today, I am here to put my own feelings into words ...

Abstract/summary

The Texas-based Special Education Spanish Literacy Program is a new organization that is applying for grants in order to develop a location and curriculum whereby teachers could work with students in a Special Education setting to increase their Spanish language fluency. This program would empower English Language Learners in Special Education by teaching them a second language. Learning Spanish would increase the learners’ competency in their primary language.

Inception

The idea for the Texas-based Special Education Spanish Literacy Program began when several certified Special Education teachers in Texas met at a conference. They began discussing different approaches to teaching special needs students that would assist ...

Al-Khairy in his study discusses the problems that Saudi-English Learners experince in their quest to improve their wriring skils. He aserts that the nature of the task offered to the student determines to a great extent their proficiency in writing. Al-Khairy in his discussion notes that writing is more than just possesion of knowlegde on a task as it entails the comunication of ideas. Thus if the task at hand implies a level of complexity, then there is no doubt that the student will be faced with a problem in analysing the task as well as gaining ideas that can help them communicate ...

Currently, one of the most heated topics of debate, capable of eliciting a strong and emotional argument, is how to best address the masses of illegal immigrants currently residing undocumented within the United States. With an estimated eleven to twelve million illegal immigrants currently living in the United States, the question of how to deal with individuals who are living and working in the country illegally is certainly no small one (Bardes 146; Schmidt 81). The basis for various viewpoints range from calm and logical economic analysis to the more primal: an impassioned and territorial, if not aggressive need to defend ...

The Advantages of Learning English in America

English is very useful for everyone and learning it has many advantages in United States of America. Learning English in an English native speaking country is very helpful. When a foreign language speaker studies English in USA, he or she tends to learn English better, faster and in perfect US form. An addition, studying in the United States to learn English has three other advantages like having to practice English for daily activity, native English teachers and general English speaking society. In the process of learning English in the United States, you can practice the language by talking with ...

The workplace of today is very different from what it was a few decades ago. Today, globalization and technological advances mean that a lot of companies have transnational business and have businesses and centers spanning the whole globe. The complex immigration patterns and the increased movement of people across national and international borders for professional reasons mean that there is a lot more diversity at the workplace. Therefore, the typical twenty first century workplace sees a wide range of ethnicities, cultures, races and linguistic capabilities in its workforce. With such diversity, it has become increasingly important for workplaces to have uniformity in their ...