Essays on Liberalization

Business Plan

Introduction In the modern business environment any business whether a start-up or an existing business develops a plan to enhance the achievement of a competitive advantage and success in the market. As such, there are several factors that determine the success of a new or existing business, which can easily be referred to as the determinants of business success. It is essential to note that such determinants originate from within an organization and from external environment, which work together in determining the level of business success and competitiveness in an industry. The factors that are are not within the ...

The global Cold War was a significant time for the entire world, as the citizens of every country watched on the edge of their seats to see who would make the next move. Nuclear power sent the world into a frenzy and the aftermath of World War II provided the perfect backdrop for a new global-scale conflict. People were scrambling to diffuse the situation while others waited in fear for the worst-case scenario. The Cold War is known as a time of high tensions, nuclear threats, and depending on where one lived at the time, Communist agendas. The primary ...

Month date, year

Abstract This study takes a critical look at inequality of wealth in the United States of America. It takes an empirical and objective look at the concept with regards to variables surrounding its occurrence in the American society. The topics and subheadings that are developed in this study are causes of wealth inequality, how to combat wealth inequality and also the consequences that the US environment is likely to suffer from due to its occurrence. The major aim of the subheadings is for the researcher to have the audience convinced beyond every reasonable doubt about all the variables concerning ...

Marriage is a tradition that is practiced and honored all over the world. It signifies the birth of a relationship that grants couples the privilege to build families and an enduring kinship ties. Studies show that people who are happily married have more desirable benefits and experiences than those who are unmarried, cohabiting, widowed, or separated (Shariff 557). Specifically, married individuals have better parenting styles, stronger support systems, greater economic security, greater financial resources, healthier psychological status, more desirable emotional wellbeing, greater physical health, and longer life. Marriage practices in Western countries are different from those of other societies. ...

Introduction

Casino Capitalism is a vivid description of the international financial markets, their behavior, and the economic strength they yield to various entities. The book goes on to describe the advantages of international financial markets and some of the evils associated with the same. The author, Susan Strange was a former student of the British international relations studies; she is mostly renowned for her contributions to the creation of the international political economy. Apart from her major publication of the Casino Capitalism in 1986, she also published other books, namely: States and Markets (1988), The Retreat of the State (1996) ...

Context of Globalization

Context of Globalization

Introduction

This paper examines how the concept of globalization is useful in comprehending changes in our society, and also explores how neoliberalism has driven the direction of these transformations. It discusses the notion of globalization, historical concepts that led to social changes and philosophical tenets that form neoliberalism.

Globalization is a term which explains transformations in the economy, politics, culture and social aspects around the world. The concept of globalization eliminates geopolitical boundaries between countries and promotes the global movement of products, services, and labor. Although many sociologists have explored the idea of globalization, they have not ...

Introduction – History & Background3

Operations in the Emerging Markets4 International Strategy7 Acquisition of Household International7 Expansion of Financial Services in Rural China8 Challenges Affecting HSBCs operations in China11 Conclusion13 References14 Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies and governments of different nations. It is a process that is driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, culture, prosperity, human well-being and economic development all across the world. The global strategy covers three important areas of global, international and multinational strategies that are specifically designed to enable a particular ...

Executive Summary

Globalization of economy and continuous innovations have necessitated business organizations to think beyond familiar premises. Business organizations are exploring opportunities in new territories for diversifying into new products to confront the challenges that have emerged from increasing competition and market saturation. Countries like India and China have emerged as preferable destinations for product expansion because of liberalization of business policies, a promising growth rate and availability of skills and other resources at a cheaper rate compared to United States and Europe (Johnson & Tellis 2008). However establishing business operations in a new country can only be successful if it is ...

Introduction

It seems difficult to analyze democratic transition from the standpoint of international dimension both theoretically and practically because not so much literatures that discuss about what the external environment actually is and how it might contribute to domestic change (Cavatorta 2005). However, it does not mean that international context will be ignored in the analysis process because international factors might have impacts on the transition process through their connections with domestic actors particularly in terms of distribution of power and resources, which in turn have effect on how they will act (Cavatorta 2005). One thing to remember is a ...

International Politics

Q1. Constructing International Politics by Wendt According to Wendt, social structures are built on three elements; a shared knowledge, the material resources, and practices (Wendt, 1995). Concerning the aspect of shared knowledge, Wendt points out that partial definition of social structures involves common understanding, knowledge or expectations. These aspects constitute actions in a given situation which in turn influence how they relate, whether conflictive or corporative. To draw his point, Wendt further uses the case of the security dilemma, which is a social structure based on intersubjective understandings whereby states become so distrustful to the extent that they assume ...

Introduction

Gay marriages have been a controversial issue in the recent past. Quite interestingly, it has received mixed reactions from different people of different nations, religions, and cultures. It is essentially a marriage between individuals of the same sex (ProCon.org, 2016). This is a contradiction of many religious and cultural beliefs since traditionally, marriage is meant to be between people of different genders. On the contrary, times have changed, and people have been brought up under different circumstances. Some people have an attraction towards people of the same sex, and this has led to same-sex marriages. The differences in opinions ...

Introduction

Planning is a time-consuming and tedious process that is still important in the business world. Almost all of the successful businesses in the world have managed to stay on top of their game by engaging in structured and careful planning processes. Drafting a well though-out plan reduces the likelihood of making mistakes that are potentially costly. The aviation industry, just like any other business entity, thrives through informed decision making that is executed in the form of plans. Planning for the future provides a platform for the people involved to educate themselves on the strengths and weaknesses of each ...

Could Free Trade Agreements be a effective instrument to regulate climate change mitigation measure in the context of missing a comprehensive multilateral instrument?

The recent century is featured with the expansion of the international trade in the global scale. The development of the trade legislation and increase of the volumes of import and export relations between the countries gives rise to the question as to whether globalization of international trade affects the spread of the climate changes. In this regard, the majority of the experts in trade sphere consider the role of the World Trade Organization in the mitigation ...

Many economists and international financial consultants suggest that capital account liberalization is an important strategy for developing countries in order to spur economic growth. Specifically, the International Monetary Fund once called for the emerging markets and other developing countries to tap into the possibilities of capital account liberalization (Gallagher & Antonion, 2013). The positive impact to developing countries of heightened access of capital flows resulted in the less attention on the risk associated with it (Takagi, 2005). However, recent pronouncements from leading financial organizations suggests that while there are benefits derived from capital account liberalization, there are disadvantages associated from ...

China and Russia are two significant members of the group known as the BRICs. The other members are India, Brazil and South Africa. While China seeks to use its economic influence in buying world power, Russia seeks to regain its lost political influence by challenging the United States and Western Europe. This paper seeks to examine and explore China’s use of economic incentives in the form of cheap loans to gain influence in Sub-Saharan Africa. It also examines Russia’s constant antagonism with the United States and its allies in Eastern Europe and the Middle East. The argument ...

Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) are those economic programs which are implemented by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank with an aim of improving the economic status of developing countries. This programs were started in the 1980s and loans which were based on the conditions that the borrowers have to abide to. These loans which are offered by the World Bank to the developing countries are referred to as Structural Adjustment Loans. They are called Structural Adjustment Loans because they are meant to adjust the structural development of these developing countries. The loans are meant to remove the ...

Transport geography refers to the investigation of the movement of people, goods, and information, and the connection between these factors Rodrigue, Comtois & Slack (2013). As a special branch or specialty in geography, transport geography deals with specification of space on the surface of the earth, particularly the location, substance, form, and effects that transportation ha on processes, land cover, and land use. The aim of transport geography is to detect and describe the transportation of people, goods, and information across the earth (Rodrigue, Comtois & Slack, 2013). Transport geography also seeks to identify and explain the effects of transportation on ...

Introduction

The primary purpose of this paper is threefold: First, is to provide a clear picture of Foreign Investment in Japan. Second, based on the investigation of available literature present an analysis of the performance of foreign firms in the country with a particular emphasis on the possible measures to protect foreign investment, challenges, and investment opportunities. Thirdly, is to assess the future of foreign firms currently operational in the country and the likelihood of other businesses entering Japan in the future. To answer these questions, the discussion presented herein examines the economic situation in the country and the place ...

Introduction

It is a cliché to say that the relationship between China and the world has become complex, multidimensional and interdependent. But that does not mean that we fully understand the complexity of the Chinese attitude towards globalization nor its interdependence with the world in general and the Western industrial democracies in particular, with the implications thereof. The thesis that we develop in this article argues that economic interdependence greatly strengthens Chinese authoritarianism in its ability to politically influence the attitude of States and civil liberties in Western democracies, rather than the reverse. It contradicts the usual thesis that Western ...

The focus of the Gorbachev's reforms was liberal, pro-Western. The aim of Gorbachev was to create a liberal, as he hoped, social-democratic opposition to weaken the position of the conservative apparatchiks and, thus, to avoid the fate of Khrushchev, as well as to avoid the forced resignation. Moreover, Gorbachev from the beginning considered the first free elections in the Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR in March 1989 as a tactical move, aimed at the weakening of the position of the conservative party apparatus (Jha). Perestroika is the general name of the reforms and the new ideology of ...

Part. 1 Concept introduction and analysis

Introduction This report presents a proposal for a restaurant establishment in Clarke Quay in Singapore. The report provides an overview of the proposed location and the market trends identifying the suitability of the proposed concept. To achieve that, the proposal involves analysis of the target market and the financial prospects of the business deciding on whether the model is viable.

Restaurant concept

Generic strategy The restaurant will have a premium pricing given the target customers it will be serving in Clarke Quay. The customers are mainly professionals and visitors with substantial income to afford the premium price for the food items ...

BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT

Business Organizations in a Global Context Increasing Competition in business has induced industries to expand their operations globally. Liberalization of laws related to foreign direct investments in developing countries has further facilitated transferring of business operations across boundaries. However, shifting of business operations to other countries needs an in depth knowledge about their cultural, social, economic, political and legal dimensions for conducting business functions smoothly. Firms contemplating globalization of their activities often hire business consultants to advice them about the business environment of other countries for easy transitions. The case discussed in this paper concerns the operations of a ...

Establishment of BRICS was one of the most significant political events of the beginning of the XXI century. BRICS is a group of five fast-developing countries: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The organization was founded in June 2006 during the St. Petersburg`s Economic Forum with the participation of the Ministers of Economy of Brazil, Russia, India and China. Before the inclusion of South Africa in 2010, the organization was known as BRIC. For the first time the acronym BRIC was proposed by Jim O'Neill Goldman Sachs`s Bank analyst in November 2001. The sequence of letters ...

A free market economy is said to be free because market forces of demand and supply control it. There is little or no government intervention at all levels of the economy. Therefore, the equilibrium price of goods and service market is a mutually agreed price between the sellers and the buyers. The state doesn’t intervene by offering subsidies, imposing taxes or through any form of regulation. The free market is an ideal one that cannot exist in the real world. However, governments can deliberately reduce their influence in the market to shift from a command economy towards the ...

International Financial Management Assessment

International Financial Management Assessment

International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international financial organization that works closely with member countries to foster global monetary cooperation, facilitate international trade, secure financial stability, reduce poverty and promote high employment and stable economic growths. Together with the World Bank, IMF was formed in 1944 during the Bretton Woods Conference, though it formally came into existence in 1945. The organization is headquartered in Washington DC. Member countries contribute funds to the IMF’s financial pool, and any country that experiences difficulties in its balance of payment can borrow the money (Conway 2006). Macroeconomic stabilization ...

The Name of Class

The Name of the School The City and States where it is located Free market economy is interlinked with the capitalism and the capitalist system. There has been much debate about the ecological crisis and one of them is also inevitable global climate changes. The paper will argue that the free market economy is incompatible with safeguarding from the ecological crisis and global climate changes because it is based on the capitalist system which ideology favors profits over environment protection and public goods. The thesis of the paper is that free market economy cannot solve global ecological crisis and ...

In traditional neoclassical economic thought, state regulation of the economy has often been seen as detrimental to economic growth and development. However, a new wave of literature on Asian economic growth models points to the opposite of these traditional claims by observing that regulation has been instrumental for better economic performance in countries like China and Japan. The rapid economic transformation challenges both economic and political orthodoxy. The ability of China to lift millions of people out of poverty has not translated to changes in the political system especially the drive towards democracy. This research seeks to analyze the ...

Political culture is a component of the general culture, a cumulative indicator of political experience, a level of political knowledge and feelings, examples of behavior and functioning of political subjects, the integrated characteristic of a political way of life of the country, a class, the nation, social group of individuals. A feature of political culture is that it makes not policy or political process, but their understanding, an explanation. In the political sphere often the importance is gained not only by real actions and measures of the state but also, by the way they are estimated and perceived in ...

Introduction

The concept of globalization, the amalgamation of the different economies in the world, is a frequently debated issue in contemporary academic and political forums.The “importance of globalization” refers to the value gained by different nations due to their input in the process of globalization while the “need for globalization” expresses why it is necessary to implement the concept of globalization. Globalization rate indicator has become an essential measure of development due to the interrelationship between economic development and globalization (Irani and Noruzi 216). The current wave of globalization is a replica of the first wave experienced in the mid ...

China Stock Market and Currency

Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) is one of the largest stock markets in the world. The market has over a thousand listed companies, over 6700 listed securities, and over 1100 stocks. Chinese stock market has witnessed sporadic growth that is fueled by the fast economic growth that has been witnessed over the last thirty years. The economic growth was driven by the adoption of various economic reforms and opening up of China to the world. China is now integrated into the global economy and plays a major role in the stabilization of the regional and as well the world economy. ...

Over the years the PRC existence, the country's banking system passed a difficult and contradictory path of development, reflecting the peculiarities of the economic policy pursued by the state at a particular stage. In the late 70-ies of the last century in China economic and social reform was launched in order to create a model of “socialism with Chinese specifics” which would combine the primacy of market principles and effective macro control of the administering state agencies. In the process of creation of this model, an important role is given to China's banking system, as it is an institution, ...

The History of Banking System in India.

The banking system in India has taken tremendous revolutions in the past years. Trade and commerce have been part of the Indian social organization since the times of civilization. The trading organizations were initially organized into social systems that mostly based their relationships on the exchange of goods and services. Banking is important for the economy of a country to grow at the global pace. The changes that these institutions have made for the Indian commerce are quite significant. Trading activities were formerly held by various social groups and run by the wealthy merchants of the time. Trade and ...

Is the process of Globalization harmless for the planet and it's population?

Overview With the technological advancement in the contemporary world, the process of globalization has gained moment raising questions regarding its impact on the planet and its population. Globalization is political, economic, and social phenomena that explain on the increased integration of the global society, especially in the economic integration (Gangopadhyay and Chatterji, 2005, 57). Some studies show that although globalization is an essential process in the modern world, the process involved is controversial. According to Dauvergne (2005, 371), some scholars argue that the process is the source of ingenuity, progress, and cooperation of the future world and enhanced the ...

Iran Revolution of 1979

Abstract The Iranian Revolution of 1979 involved the popular uprising in Iran against the regime of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi. This paper examines many of the leading explanations for the uprising, including the rise of militant Islam, structural weaknesses of the Shah regime, the coalition of three important social groups (e.g. woman, youth, and the intelligentsia), the composition of the reform movement, and the effect of the Shah’s policies of accommodation and repression, to name a few. This paper also draws on leading theories in social movement theory, contemporary field work involving discussions with the Mullahs and their ...

I. Introduction A. Opening Remarks: For centuries, countries have been working on having easy access to foreign markets for a variety of reasons. B. Thesis Statement: Although the NAFTA presented positive changes to the economies of all signatories, the labor market suffered in some areas of the United States and Mexico due to the changing labor demand in the market and the lack of opportunities for the rural folk. II. Background of the NAFTA A. History: Economic integration has long been an issue discussed by North American governments since the 1900s. B. Aims: Under the NAFTA, each signatory will ...

Abstract

The emerging power security issues appear to be severe for the United Kingdom. The public body of the United Kingdom apparently is engaged in leaving the gasoline provisions fulfilled through interferences of the marketplace in terms of the green rule and renewable assistances. The stated situation is solely meeting a trivial proportion of issues. The public authorities of the United Kingdom showed a potential aspiring thinking about the forthcoming periods of protected power. The government of the United Kingdom proposed growth of renewables, power effective infrastructure, and potential policy currents with an anticipation that they will definitely pacify the ...

INVESTMENTS

Economic overview The economy of Jamaica greatly relies on services that accounts for over 70 percent of its GDP. The Nation continues to earn most of the foreign exchange from remittances, tourism and alumina/bauxite. Both tourism and remittances accounts for 30 percent each, whereas alumina/bauxite exports contribute roughly 5 percent of the GDP. The alumina/bauxite sector was the greatly affected by global downturn whereas the remittance flow and tourism industry remained resilient. The economy encounters several challenges to its growth including soaring corruption and crimes, huge-scale underemployment and unemployment as well as a debt-to-the-GDP ratio that is about 130 ...

Trade played a significant role as a factor of economic growth in the establishment and development of the economy. In terms of emerging economy the meaning of foreign nation’s welfare increases. Such economy evolves under the influence of globalization, which implies a special role of foreign trade. This is due to the fact that the traditional comparative advantages, such as the difference in the allocation of countries of production factors, monopoly on natural resources and geographical conditions, and those associated with innovation processes, new technologies, with the choice of the consumer, its level income. At the same time ...

Introduction

The business environment has become so competitive, and companies are attempting to lure the limited customers to their services. Due to this limitation in the market share, it is critical for companies to devise effective marketing strategies that will help build a strong customer base and also retain the customers and the market share

History of Budget Air Travel

The revolution of budget flights began following the deregulation of the European domestic markets thus allowing the rise of several airline companies. Such deregulations allowed airlines to take routes of their convenience thus creating a culture of liberalization in the domestic travel markets across Europe. ...

Summary

Beijing Jeep Corporation was one of the leading industries in the production of the locally consumed automobiles in China. BJC was facing a major challenge in this industry after the liberalization of the market in China leading to the welcoming of the outside investors to indulge in the exploitation of the China Market. BJC was organized in such a manner that there were major players in the management of the industry and the potential buyers before the liberalization of the market were its own population and the upper hand producer in the industry was the BJC members themselves that is before ...

Introduction

Canada is known as a diverse multicultural society with its main reliance on immigration to prop up the population and has become ethnically diverse through the growth of the visible minority population. Every year Canada welcomes 225,000 immigrants. Recent demographic census of Canada suggests that over the next decade visible minorities will represent almost a quarter of the population of Canada and half of the population of Toronto and Vancouver. Andrew Cardozo and Ravi Pandaker argue that issues related to ethnicity should be treated in the policy foreground (Cardozo and Pandaker, 7). This study will argue that not enough attention ...

Introduction

Globalization refers to the integration of economic activities with local and foreign companies competing in the host country. It involves the liberalization of the markets so that trade can be conducted freely. It brings in technological advancement into a country and the customer benefits greatly since the transaction costs have been reduced.

Globalization has led to the increase of multinational corporations in the world market due to the liberalization of trade policies and practices. The spread of globalization is based on the capitalist theory of free trade. With globalization there are winners and losers. The bilateral and multilateral trade agreements ...