Essays on Magnetization

Abstract

The study of tiny particles and their applications have emerged as an important area of research in recent years. In particular, magnetic nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention due to their unique properties that make the particles useful in numerous applications. Accordingly, the present review investigates the synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles. The introduction section examines recent advances in nanotechnology and explains the significance of magnetic nanoparticles in scientific research. The section on results and discussion presents the findings of various researchers with a focus on the magnetic properties, synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles. ...

Description of how MRI sequences spatially encode nuclei in the read and phase direction

Differences that occur in an induced magnetization in biological tissues in a magnetic field cause image contrast in MRI. A signal measured by the receiver coils is the integral of an induced magnetization over the whole imaged volume. To construct a three-dimensional distribution of magnetization, a spatially varying field pattern is generated in the volume, such that voxels at various parts generate a signal that is tagged with data on the location. Standard techniques for spatial encoding in MRI create high-quality images. In magnetic resonance imaging technique, two main methods (SVD MRI and SMASH MRI) are used to modify ...

Introduction

Physics refers to the branch of science that primarily deals with nature and properties of matter and energy. Its key components are heat, mechanics, light, sound, magnetism, structural orientation of atoms, and electricity. Any technology we use in our daily lives has a relation to physics. Physics is more of the backbone for most daily life activities. Examples include electric light in our homes, cell phones, , computer, CD player plasma TV set, wrist watches, radio, and working of our vehicles. Physics plays a key role in the production of energy. These various energies are then transformed into electricity for eventual ...

Imaging protocols plays an important role in both patient's management and research purposes. Major imaging systems in medical practice include: radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear medicine (Scintigraphy, PET and SPECT), photo acoustic imaging, breast thermography, tomography and ultrasound. Most of those imaging systems play a significant role in providing a form of non-invasive diagnostic and treatment protocols. This article reviews a type of magnetic resonance imaging known as magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). MRI is a radiological investigative technique for visualizing detailed internal structures. It allows for the production of detailed pictures of internal organs and tissues. Exposing the patient to radio waves in a ...