Essays on Monopolization

The Canadian healthcare and social assistance sector falls under the NAICS classification. The sector entails a publicly funded healthcare system. The sector is guided by the provisions of the Canada Health Act of 1984 (Belchetz). The sector, relative to its peers in most other countries including the U.S and Mexico, is unique. Its uniqueness arises from the fact that despite being predominantly publicly funded, most of the healthcare services at the point of sale are provided for by private practitioners. The Canadian healthcare and social assistance sector has been billed in many quarters as a model to be followed ...

Industrialization after the Civil War

Introduction .3 Economic Development ..3

Political Development .5 Social Development 7 Conclusion ..8 Reference ..10 Introduction The American Civil War of 1861-1865 was a historical momentum of great significance. The capitalists of the North beat the South and thus determined the development of the whole State for the years to come. Due to the immense amount of natural resources, which facilitated the industrialization of the United States, the latter was also able to adopt the capitalist theories and implement them. The Civil War was a milestone in history which boosted the general development of the State and its industrialization, ...

INTRODUCTION

Critical infrastructure can have a simple explanation of the wheel or more importantly, the backbone of the most technological economies in the world. It guides everything. It controls everything. It dictates the share which each person or a select community gets. It is simply the lives of most of the citizens in such nations. As such, the security of such systems is vital. Such systems will be prone to attacks and manipulations by people who are not contented or want a larger share than that they are already allocated. Some people will also like to cartel the follow of ...

Fascism and National Socialism

Political theorists, historians and and scholars have long tried interpreting and defining fascism but the definitions have either been too narrow or too wide as each interpretation of fascism is distinct and based on the ideological and political leanings and thoughts of the scholar or the theorist. According to Roger Griffin, fascism is "a genus of political ideology whose mythic core in its various permutations is a palingenetic form of populist ultra nationalism". He goes on to say that the fascist ideology has three core components- the myth of rebirth, decadence and populist ultranationalism. Paxton in his book, The ...

Economics 15: Research paper

Markets – late 19th Century/early 20th Century Monopoly, Oligopoly and Trusts The late 19th - early 20th century was the time of rapid development of American industry. In 1895, the majority of industries were competitive with no dominating companies. As a result of intense competition, many weak and small companies “disappeared”. Large and successful capitalistic associations based primarily on a system of participation got the name of trusts and corporations. One after another, the industries occurred in the hands of small groups of entrepreneurs, who used any methods to achieve complete control over these sectors of the economy. By 1904, ...

The United States district court for the District of Columbia is a case that was brought against Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV (ABI) to oppose the acquisition of Modelo group by ABI. It was brought up since the government felt that the proposed merger was violating the law through illegal ownership or acquisition of another firm. In addition, the government felt that the acquisition was threatening fair competition in a free market, and the consumers would suffer most as a result of the merger.

Facts to the Case

- The case involved two beer companies in the United States, which were ABI and Modelo Company. The two were ...

Business Cycles

Economic or business cycles are fluctuations in economic activity (economic conditions), consist of repeated compression (economic recession, recession, depression), and expansion of the economy (economic recovery). Cycles are periodic, but usually irregular. Usually (in the framework of the neoclassical synthesis) are interpreted as fluctuations around the long-term trend of economic development. Cyclicity in the development of a market economy is explained, first of all, by the influence of internal factors inherent in the system itself. The mechanism of the "invisible hand" of the market on the basis of economic laws (laws of supply and demand, competition, capital accumulation) is ...

Did the Rich World Become Rich Using Colonization and Exploitation of the Poor: A Critical Assessment of Theory and Empirical Evidence

Introduction

The rich world tries to forget that the causes of underdevelopment and poverty were slavery, colonization, brutal exploitation and plunder, which for centuries were subjected to different countries. The poverty from which people suffer is associated with the imaginary inability of Africans, Asians, Latin Americans and Caribbean, i.e., blacks, Indians, yellows and mestizos, develop, and even manage their own countries The current economic order, imposed by rich countries, is not only cruel unjust, inhuman, contrary to the inevitable ...

The concept of net neutrality states that governments and internet service providers should treat data on the internet with no discrimination. Data should be treated equally despite the user, content, site, application, attached equipment and mode of communication. Critics argue that data discrimination of some type is not problematic but rather highly desirable. Opponents of net neutrality are of the opinion that the best solution to discrimination done by broadband providers is encouraging a larger competition among providers that is limited in many areas. The Federal Communications Commission is making new rules that will permit internet service providers to give ...

The welfare and income distribution in a market economy is largely influenced by the market structures prevailing in the economy. The degree of competition existing in the market can determine the distribution of wealth between the consumers, producers, workers, and others related to the system. It is a general notion among economists and policy makers that monopolization of the market works contrary to the principle of general economic welfare. The contention is based a number of arguments that favor a competitive market structure over a monopolistic one. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the arguments both in favor of and against monopoly ...

A monopoly is a market situation where there is only one seller but a number of buyers. The seller is the price maker. The monopolist enjoys absolute market power by virtue of which she can earn supernormal profit. The monopoly power depends, to a large extent, on the possible threats to competition. If the monopolist finds potential threat in terms of entry of competitive firms, the monopolist tries to take effective strategies to keep competitors at bay. The market power of the monopolist depends on how effective the entry barriers are. It is because of the entry barriers that he monopolist remains a ...

Introduction

Neoliberalism is a form of economic liberalism that offers support on free trade, deregulation, privatisation and reduction in government spending with the aim of enhancing the role of private sector in the economy. Privatization focuses on transferring the control of a given economy from public sector to the private sector. The policy does this with the aim of enhancing efficiency of the government, economic growth and development of the nation (Harvey, 2005). It is also an economic policy that focuses on monitoring the flow of the market economy thus playing a role in intensifying and expanding the market. It does this ...

THE IMPROVEMENT OF CHINA'S ANTI-MONOPOLY LAW ——ESTABLISH PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION Since the adoption of the Anti-Monopoly Law of China on August 1, 2008, only a subtle positive shift in demonopolization has been seen in the Chinese business sphere, given that a very small number of cases were ruled in favor of a plaintiff, while most of the cases ended up in reconciliation (Xiaoming, n.d.). The Anti-Monopoly Law ultimate purpose is a development through legal means of a fair competition on the markets that will boost the establishment of a market economy (Ming, “Fanlongduan Fa de Zuoyong”, n.d.). The Law provides legal imperative mechanism to prevent and solve existing competition problems, ensures competition ...

Federal Trade Commission V. Morton Salt Co. 334 U.S. 37 (1948)

Question One: Abstract

The Federal Trade Commission v. Morton Salt Cocase is a US antitrust landmark case. The respondent, a salt manufacturer, sold one of its brands on a standard discount system under which only few large-scale firms qualified. The Commission then issued a cease and desist order against the respondents herein having found them liable in price discrimination contrary to section 2 of the Clayton Act as amended by the Robinson-Patman Act. The respondent petitioned to the Circuit court of Appeal which quashed the Commission’s decision. Thereafter, the Commission appealed to the Supreme ...

- Abstract of the case

Dates: Reargued January 9,10,11,12, 1911; Decided: May 29, 1911.

The objective of the case was to ascertain whether the actions of the defendants amounted to a restraint on the ‘interstate commerce in tobacco’. Drawing precedence to a previous ruling against Standard Oil Co., the court was of the opinion that the company has violated the provisions of the Antitrust Act, 1890 on two grounds, by restraining interstate trade of tobacco and by monopolization of the tobacco business. The court reaffirmed that the actions of the American Tobacco Company was against the public interest as it involved ‘combinations’ that attempted to restrict competition. The court was ...

Anti-trust law aims at ensuring fair competition in business. The law proceeds from the position that the presence of free trade enables businesses to thrive, and benefits the consumers and the economy. In its quest, the anti-trust law has had far reaching effects on business practices and their organization especially in the United States. To this end, the law has evolved measures to proscribe monopolization and restraints of trade by businesses among other practices.

Reason for creating the law

The Sherman Anti-trust Act was the first piece of legislation to be enacted by the United States Congress to proscribe trusts and other non-competitive practices. ...

Hanover Shoe, Inc. v. United Shoe Machinery Corp. - Abstract In this 1968 case, Hanover Shoe was a customer of United Shoe Machinery, leasing their shoe-making machinery. Previously, United Shoe lost a suit brought by the United States based on the anti-trust effects of their leasing scheme. Hanover used this finding as a basis for suing United Shoe themselves, requesting treble damages. The Court found that the prior case did stand for the proposition that the leasing scheme was illegal monopolization and found for Hanover. United Shoe argued a “passing on” defense and that Hanover’s additional taxes should be excluded ...

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Part I

Market failure has several types, two of which being monopolization and imperfect information. Monopolization refers to the emergence of only one player in a given market. If a market involves only one supplier, then that supplier has the power to command higher prices on the products it supplies. In that case, there is no competition to compel the supplier to lower its prices on products. Without any competition, the people benefiting from the products supplied by the supplier will have no choice but to pay for the price the supplier sets. In that ...

Introduction

Predatory Pricing refers to the practice of some dominant firms in selling goods and service at a rate so low that the competitors are likely to phase out of the market if they are unable to compete the lower price. This predation in price also acts as deterrent for potential new competitors to make an entry into the market. Though consumers are benefitted when the price war wages between the predators and their competitors, but when the competitors eventually go out of business, the predators create a monopoly in the market which is not at all beneficial for the consumers in ...

Landmark Antitrust Case Study Assignment:

1. Write a 100- word abstract of the case, including the date of the case.

In the case of 268 U.S. 563, Maple Flooring Manufacturers Assn. et al. v. U.S. (1925), the association that is an unincorporated 'trade association' are the defendants. It involved 22 members of the association, corporate defendants, engaged in a business agreement of shipping and selling birch, beech, and maple flooring in interstate commerce. However, all but two of them had their principal business places in Wisconsin, Minnesota, or Michigan (where one defendant was located in New York and one in Illinois). The individual representatives of each ...

Landmark Antitrust Case Study Assignment

Dr. Mozayeni

Assigned #:__________________________ Monopoly 221 U.S. 1, Standard Oil of New Jersey v. U.S. (1911) 1. Write a 100- word abstract of the case, including the date of the case. The Standard Oil of New Jersey v. U.S. was a case that took place in 1911 and gave the Supreme Court gave its verdict on May 15, 1911. In this case, the Supreme Court of the United States found Standard Oil of New Jersey as being guilty of engaging in monopolistic and anticompetitive actions. These actions of the Standard Oil were as an attempt to monopolize the ...