Introduction
The disaster events that have occurred in the recent past have illustrated the challenges that face metropolitan areas and states in preparing and later responding to natural disasters (Deyle & Wiedenman, 2014). Considering the suddenness of the different natural disasters, terrorist incidents, as well as their unexpected nature, it is not surprising that there is evidence of the lack of coordination and confusion in the management of transportation system in the aftermath. Although the immediate response to disasters and security incidents is the responsibility of public security agencies, the metropolitan planning organizations play very important role in promoting and coordinating ...
