Essays on National Academy Of Sciences

The American healthcare industry is possibly one of its kind in the world as it comprises of a whopping 3 million members as part of its nursing profession, and this makes it the largest workforce segment of the nation. The nursing professionals are in forefront as they interact directly with the patients and thus play a very pivotal role in the successful realization of the objectives of the Affordable Care Act 2010. This legislation is phenomenal in the American healthcare as it possibly represents the most comprehensive health care renovation since the introduction of the Medicare and Medicaid programs ...

3-nitrooxypropanol Report

Introduction Sheep, cattle, goats, and some wild animals such as antelopes and their families that are predominantly known as ruminants ferment plant material in their rumen. The result of this fermentation process is the formation of propionate, CO2, acetate, butyrate, and methane (Alexander et al., 2015). The carbon dioxide and methane formed escape from the bodies of these animals into the atmosphere.3-nitrooxypropanol is believed to inhibit methanogenesis in ruminant, an action that has various applications and benefits to the environment and animals. This report will consider the need for and application of the 3-nitrooxypropanol and how it would work ...

In global societies, discussions concerning the use of animals in medical tests for research are uncomfortable and controversial. Modern technology often broadcasts horrific photos of procedures being conducted on helpless creatures accompanied by claims of untrustworthy results and skewed statistics. In the long run, animals will continue to be used for testing in laboratories until the value of the practice is diminished. “The benefits of animal research have been enormous and it would have severe consequences for public health and medical research if it were abandoned “ (Festing and Wilkinson, n.p.). This paper will present information regarding whether animal testing ...

Abstract

The current discussion is aimed at the dissection of ethics, corporate social responsibility and sustainability of British Petroleum (BP) by taking the case of Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill in to consideration. By commencing the discussion with an overview of the externalities present in the oil industry, the pressures on oil companies are examined which is further evaluated through the application of stakeholder theory and the theory of utilitarianism. In the case of BP, it is revealed that the resort to CSR was primarily a reactive measure to correct its tainted brand image and save it from reputational risks. ...

The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill occurred in the location of Gulf of Mexico on April 20th of 2010 due to an explosion which took place on the Deep Water Horizon oil rig. Transocean, the operator and owner of the oil rig, is an offshore-oil-drilling company. However, it had been leased by BP Oil Company. A natural gas caused the blasting which caused a wellhead blowout. The blowout resulted in the worst marine oil spill in the history. Despite attempts to put a temporary seal to prevent the further oil spill, the equipment malfunctioned. The oil the contamination extended spill ...

Capital punishment or the death penalty is one of the most contentious types of punishments in the United States of America. It is the type of punishment that puts to death an individual who is found guilty of a crime as a result of a legal trial. The implementation of the death penalty dates back to the 1600s but has undergone many reforms thereafter. The discharge of the death penalty is very uncommon because it is usually applied for crimes of aggravated murder. Because the public views the death penalty as too harsh, immoral, and inhumane, it has been ...

The issue of gender disparity is commonly discussed with people raising a concern about how women and men do not have similar opportunities. The world continues to evolve and women today have broken barriers in a number of male-dominated fields. However, there are still issues of disparity in fields of science and engineering. Most women who have pursued a career in STEM-related fields have not joined the science and engineering fields. The following is a look at the statistics showing the existence of the problem, followed by recommendations on how the issues can be addressed. Studies show that there ...

In the 21st century, climate change has emerged as one of the main threats to the environmental wellbeing of earth as a planet and the ecosystems. The National Academy of Sciences, in its 2009 Ecological Impacts of Climate Change stated that “Climate change is one of the defining issues of the 21st century. Therefore, humans are under a challenge to formulate guidelines, practices and behavioural standards that ensure that economic opportunities and improve quality of life are available to the human population in the long run and also climate and eco-systems are sustainably maintained. Notably, climate change and in ...

Introduction

Many nurses take pride in the practice of their nursing career. They are committed to advocate for the safety and quality patient care and they are supporting any reform of health delivery system that can go an extra mile to promote the nursing practice. The Nurses Day celebrations are received by a large population in a well orchestrated, thus, showing that nurses are the largest trusted workforce in the United States of America. The report released by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in the year 2010 in their article entitle ‘The Future of Nursing: the Leading Change, Advancing Health’, ...

The automotive industry in the USA began in the 1890s and grew to become one of the largest in the world, behind Japan and China. However, the industry had its lowest manufacture of about 5.7million automobiles in 2009 because of the 2008-2010 crisis. This crisis was due to high oil prices and increased competition from foreign manufacturers. Also the increased knowledge on climate change and the difficulty in accessing the credit market by consumers led to reduced purchases. The downturn that occurred negatively affected the automobile industry; consumer spending decreased because of lack of confidence in the economy and ...

Mirna Salim

Introduction Cats have been living with us for thousands of years. As opposed to other domestic animals like cows and sheep that provide as with food and other raw materials, it has never been clear the main reason why human domesticated cats. Some schools of thought believe that cat was domesticated to help human eradicate rodents which were destroying crops. However, others believe that cats were domesticated just to be pets, to keep human company. This research will not major in the reason as to why cat was domesticated, but rather will focus on the origin of the domesticated ...

Introduction

Research in lung cancer treatment can save lives and improve a patient’s quality of life. There are three main types of lung cancer: Non-small cell, small cell, and lung carcinoid cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer, such as Squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma make up about 85% of all lung cancers (Molina, Yang, Cassivi, Schild, & Adjei, 2008). Both environmental and genetic factors are significant in the cause of lung cancer. Chronic exposure to carcinogens, ionizing radiation, and viral infections can lead to alterations of the DNA in tissue lining the bronchial epithelium of the lungs. Furthermore, ...

Wallace Carothers

life and Education of Wallace Carothers Wallace Hume Carothers was born on April 27, 1896. He was born in Burlington, Iowa. He was the son of Ira and Mary Carothers, and was the oldest children in the family. When he was five years old, his family moved to Des Moines, Iowa. There he studied in high school. He started showing interest in science during high school years and started reading the scientific literature. During his studies, he liked to play with different tools, instruments, and other mechanical items, and liked to spend time in experimenting. He used to have ...

Adult education embraces many countries to produce people who have better-working capabilities, have good family relations, as well as forming the foundation for better citizenship. “Adult and Continuing Education Programs play a very crucial role in the development aspect of any society. “(Rogers). Adult education enhances the education levels for various individuals who are not able to receive the core and the standard education. “A persons; lifestyle” is a part of their level of education (Barton) Adult education serves all individuals who are sixteen years and older without an education. It also includes people with no education at all ...

Adult education is a system that has been embraced by various countries to produce people who have better-working capabilities, have good family relations as well as forming the foundation for better citizenship (Rogers, 1). Adult education is a system that has been able to enhance the education levels for various individuals could not be able to get the core and the standard education. “A persons’ practice can be located in their history of literacy (Barton & Hamilton, 6) This form of education is a system that incorporates all the individuals who have the age of sixteen years and above and ...