Essays on Nietzsche

Nowadays, it is extremely complicated to defend the alternative understanding of morality. For some reasons, an approach that the self-interest is opposite to true morality is supported by the majority of people, whereas Kant has underlined that duty, obedience and non-resistance are far from the real living of the life, and therefore – far from moral happiness. Answering to the common belief that morality and self-interest are on the other sides, I consider it important to point out that in fact, they cannot be separated from each other, since even the noblest of acts is not deprived of the at ...

Humanity and Morality

Friedrich Nietzsche The madman Where is God? he cried. I’ll tell you! You have killed him – you and I! We are all his murderers. But how did we do this? How were we able to drink up the sea? Who gave us the sponge to wipe away the entire horizon? What were we doing when we unchained this earth from its sun? Where is it moving to now? Where are we moving to? Away from all suns? Are we continually falling? And backwards Nietszche The Gay Science 125 The first important observation concerning Nietzsche’s text is that ...

Justice is something which underlies our own society – without it, indeed, some people posit that there can be no such thing as society. While many people state that justice is the same thing as the law, with Plato being the most visible proponent of this theory, others, such as Socrates, hold the two to be very different things. As we shall see below, while Socrates and Plato disagree on whether or not justice and law are the same, they both agree when it comes to addressing the role that justice takes in internal adherence to the values of the ...

Fascism and National Socialism

Political theorists, historians and and scholars have long tried interpreting and defining fascism but the definitions have either been too narrow or too wide as each interpretation of fascism is distinct and based on the ideological and political leanings and thoughts of the scholar or the theorist. According to Roger Griffin, fascism is "a genus of political ideology whose mythic core in its various permutations is a palingenetic form of populist ultra nationalism". He goes on to say that the fascist ideology has three core components- the myth of rebirth, decadence and populist ultranationalism. Paxton in his book, The ...

Introduction

The notion of "nothing" is one of the most important and controversial concepts in the history of humankind. Its etymology is quite interesting for the consideration, as it can discover many different mysteries associated with the most important knowledge. In addition, the perception of this idea may be absolutely controversial, if one talks about it in the framework of religion and philosophy of the Western and the Eastern worlds. Nothing is everything, and at the same time, it is a lack of everything. This notion has a negative connotation; it denies everything to what it is opposed; moreover, it ...

What are your thoughts on Nietzsche’s ideas about exuberance?

Nietzsche has a valid point, while there are moral lines that one should never cross, such as murder and rape. This is because if there were not some kind of line drawn humankind would debase themselves like animals, seeking only their own pleasure and desire to the detriment of others. Even though the idea of a soul existed long before Christianity, there was no concept of a heaven. The closest that any pre-Christian religion came to was the Elysian Field in the Greek and Roman religions. The Elysian Fields were a place that very few people went to as ...

Introduction to Existentialism

Discuss the film in terms of Nietzsche’s eternal return “Inside Llewyn Davis” by Ethan and Joel Coen is centered on a harshly ironic existential joke and a secular riddle. The film starts and ends with somewhat dissenting versions of a similar event. Llewyn Davis, an aspiring folk singer performs onstage at a coffeehouse called Gaslight and mysterious stranger awaits to beat him up as he steps into the back street. People wondered whether the last scene was a flashback and the first scene was a flash-forward. It is framed in a playful harshness towards the audience and main ...

Introduction

Practicing business ethics involves three major steps; first, there must be a set of values that are used as a guideline in decision-making in a business environment, second, an understanding of the parties affected by those values and finally deciding on what actions works best for the values (Harry 45). Business ethics enable us to tell what is right and what is wrong in the course of doing business concerning the law. Good values make the society a better place to live. This essay gives a case study on business ethics in four parts. The first part introduces the ...

Philosophy

The correlation of ethics and philosophy is a problem, it is difficult to say to what extent the morality is socially determined. In fact, we should talk about an individual morality, but even in this case, it should be borne in mind that even very personal, individual norms and moral values ​​in most cases have a social nature. In some cases, their social origin is not so obvious, but upon closer inspection we can find that any individual morality is largely socially determined. This situation is explained by the fact that the process of establishment and the formation of ...

“This is the hallmark of the high and absolute destiny of human

Beings, that they know what good and evil are, and know that the will itself is either good or evil – in a word, they can have responsibility [er Schuld haben kann], responsibility not only for evil but also for good; responsibility not simply for this or that or for everything that is around them or in them,”

Hegel PH, 97–98; TWA 12:50–51 (translation modified)

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770 – 1831), a German philosopher, declared the responsibility as a characteristic that defines humanity but also acknowledges that some little confusions were existing. Mark Alznauer, in his book Hegel’s Theory of Responsibility (2015), made efforts to clarify ...

In his book “Thus Spoke Zarathustra”, Nietzsche does introduce the three remarkable metamorphoses in a philosophical manner. These metamorphoses basically describe the process that we undergo during spiritual transformation, which characterize Nietzsche’s vision of a flourishing life. Perhaps we hardly think or regard Nietzsche as a great “spiritual” philosopher. Nonetheless, has put by Nietzsche, the story of the three metamorphoses is purely as spiritual transformation saga. He symbolically represents the phases of spiritual metamorphosis with the camel, the lion, and the child. A camel, in this case is used to describe and depict the scene that allows for ...

In his work “Gay Science”, Nietzsche examines the nihilism which was characterizing the contemporary Europe. Nietzsche believes that with the scientific inventions, people have lost their human and the virtues that describe Christians. This is why he says that “God is dead”; that we have killed God with our actions. His work was an explanation of fear due to the abandonment of religion. He believes that human beings have ceased to acknowledge the divinity of God, and as a result, God has abandoned us. For thousands of years, the western world has been guided by the rule of God. ...

The principal value, which the principles of morality are based on, has always been discussed. The most widely accepted answers are happiness and safety. Nietzsche in his theory of morality also approaches this concept but from a different direction. He claims that the aim of any society, as well as the supreme value in the ethics, are the happiness of the minority – aristocracy. He explains that, essentially, all life is built upon exploitation, appropriation, violence and struggle for dominance. He argues that they are unavoidable because they represent what life really is – the will to power. Accordingly, power is ...

Arendt and Nietzsche, both of who were political thinkers, in expression of their thoughts have capitalized on the issues of remembrance in their various articles, essays and writings. Though both thinkers have had divergent thoughts on various issues, their expression on the issue of morality in human beings in based on the remembrance of past experiences rather than the study of established laws; Arendt’s praising the significance of memory in politics while Nietzsche considers forgetfulness as a virtue. The experience of totalitarianism in her life is one the major reasons that pushes Arendt to lay her emphasis strongly ...

Modernism in literature is said to have its roots in the late 19th century after World War I that took place from 1914 to 1919. Modernism in literary work is a shift from values, religion and tradition to isolation, identity crisis, fragmentation and relative truth. Modernism was catalyzed by World War I, as it led to mistrust in the ability of existing institutions to solve societal problems and maintain order in society. It also changed people’s perception of the world and society. World War I therefore influenced how writers wrote not just in terms of content of their ...

The Existence of God: God is dead by Nietzsche

In a parable contained in his book titled “The Gay Science” Nietzsche made a controversial statement where he claimed that God is dead. Indeed, this statement elicited many opposing opinions not only because it appears inflammatory on the face of it, but also because of the philosophical weight it carried. Contained in the parable of “The Madman”, the text indicated, “God is dead. God remains dead. And we have killed him. How shall we comfort ourselves, the murderers of all murderers? What was holiest and mightiest of all that the world has yet owned has bled to death under ...

Faith is a serious matter. So serious that it has been studied, researched and investigated along the History of mankind by religious and science experts. Sociology is a branch of science that studies not only the origin, development and structure of human societies, in general, but also the behavior of individuals and groups. It is, therefore, quite natural that Sociology pays close attention to religion as a rich field of investigation, as it is connected to what is the most precious in human terms: your mind, or if your prefer, your soul. Religion commands people’s feelings, beliefs, conduct ...

Encounters between the self and other have a profound impact on both the identity of the individual and how they perceive the world around them. Fear, and the psychological conditions associated with it, can have create lasting repercussions that create problems for both the individual and society. What happens to us when we label things or people we fear as “monster” can only be understood in relation to the associations that can be assessed when making inferences concern others people or things. These inferences are often inherently disconnected from reality and can be seen to establish social and cultural ...

"On Truth and Lying in a Non-Moral Sense”.

Friedrich Nietzsche tries to persuade his audience to view intellect as merely human, and in essence it fabricates the illusion of the truth which is in itself a reflection. He explains his point using analogical reasoning instead of using the empirical evidence, he demonstrates his ideas using the very ideas the text proffers. Truth is something considered creative, not a statement of fact, logic or otherwise. It is a moment of discovery. Nietzsche is able to use dialogic inquiry, the art of illustration and figurative language to actively persuade his readers to agree that the truth is a human ...

The Greeks believed that a tragic hero was chosen to suffer a downfall typically following great success. Many philosophers have defined the characters of such a hero, including Aristotle, Hegel and Nietzsche. Many modern day individuals, including actors, politicians and rock starts can be and have been tragic heroes. Marilyn Monroe, Bill Clinton and Axl Rose each have tragic hero characteristics. Aristotle’s tragic hero is a person we tend to pity and fear. The hero is one who Marilyn Monroe reflects Aristotle’s elements of tragedy. Marilyn Monroe was “an iconic figure of Hollywood glamour and fashion”. Yet, ...

In looking at how disciplinary power is used in order to discipline individuals into obeying the State it is evident that there were various values that arose in modern society that presented the need to replace these methods. Analysis of the forms and practices of punishment and surveillance according to the theories of Foucault and Nietzsche demonstrate that these methods were often implemented through the power and authority of the state itself and the punishments that were adopted were done so in relation to the values and principles of the ruling class. In developing these distinctions, an understanding of ...

A man has created the state, and the state has created a citizen. As we all know, the state authority has to control its citizens. Of course, managing people is not an easy task. It does not matter whether it is one person or a large mass of people, their management is always based on the political violence, to a lesser extent, on the respect, which was generated by admiration. Authority, in fact, is the violence, but not obvious. Humans can admire the power and respect it, but without force and violence there is no any authority. One political ...

Rationalism asserts that knowledge can be acquired through logical reasoning rather than sensory perception . This is the philosophical worldview which opines that actions and processes should be based on reason and knowledge rather than emotions or religious doctrine. There are different rationalists who had various worldviews and this includes Descartes, Spinoza and Leibniz. The purpose of this essay is to present the dominant views of these key rationalists in relation to the concept of free will. These views are going to be compared and contrasted and evaluated on the basis of their strengths and weaknesses. At the end, the ...

According to Nietzsche, pain is an essential element of the emotional growth of people. Without pain, a person would be incapable of feeling happiness because it is pain is an integral part of living. People grow through pain and they appreciate happiness more after they have been through difficulties in life. In the book Ingenious Pain , the protagonist, James Dyer, is incapable of feeling pleasure or pain and he chooses to become a surgeon and the lack of emotions makes his profession easier for him. The story is set in 1771 in England where James Dyer is working as ...

Alain de Botton in his book, ‘The Consolations of Philosophy’ attempts to help his readers understand and deal with everyday problems by quoting six philosophers- Nietzsche, Seneca, Socrates, Montaigne, Epicurus and Schopenhauer- and interjecting their teachings with anecdotes and his ideas. Botton deals with the topics of unpopularity (Socrates), not being rich (Epicurus), Frustration (Seneca), Inadequacy (Montaigne), Heartbreak (Schopenhauer) and Difficulties (Nietzsche). The book is a veritable mix of the philosophies exposed by these philosophers as well as anecdotes and quips from the author. In the chapter about Seneca, Botton not only explains Seneca’s views on frustration and ...

Julian Young is one of the most prominent philosophers of the United States and a prominent researcher of the German philosophy of the 19th and 20th centuries. He is the author of more than 10 philosophical books and numerous articles awarded the highest honors in the field of philosophy. In his book The Death of God and the Meaning of Life, Young explores the most relevant question in the postmodern era. The question of the meaning of life has been studied by many philosophers, but each of them has their own ideas about what makes sense and what God ...

Western philosophy of the XX century significantly differs from the philosophy of the previous centuries. The main and most common difference is due to the fact that at the turn of XIX and XX centuries, there was a transition from traditional classical to non-classical philosophy. This transition was largely due to the fact that in this period, the whole of Western culture underwent profound changes, in particular in science. A new, non-classical science, which significantly differs from the classical one, started in the late nineteenth century as the result the second scientific revolution. It still has no claims to ...

Philosophy

John Rawls proposed a just and fair society. He measured justice by equal distribution of wealth as well as opportunities for all members of a society. The concept of social justice as proposed by Rawls puts emphasis on the need to break barriers in order to develop safety nets (Nagel 82). These views were supported by Sandel when he opined that the distribution of a society’s income, wealth, rights, power and honors determine how just it is (Sandel 15). In this regard, Rawls observed that societal norms influence ethics. A society can within its norms, determine what is ...

Nietzsche’s doctrine dedicated to the topic of eternal recurrence is considered to be one of the least clarified concepts in his works. The philosopher claimed that the initial idea of eternal recurrence emerged in 1881 during his journey in Switzerland (Nietzsche & Hoover 14). Nietzsche claimed that eternal recurrence is a valid scientific hypothesis, which states that every process in this world recurs constantly in the certain period of time. According to this notion, time is infinite and change is eternal (Nietzsche & Hoover 28). Also, eternal recurrence suggests that energy is always constant and finite, so as its numerous ...

Philosophy Questions

Philosophy Questions

Compare and contrast the views of John Searle and Rene Descartes on dualism.

For Rene Descartes’ dualism is Spiritual; for John Searle, it’s Physical. Descartes believes the mind has consciousness and with that power we can say that the ‘seat-of-intelligence’ belongs to the brain. He also believes that through this we acquire self awareness, but for Searle, consciousness is not only because of the brain. Though brains cause consciousness, he points out that the brain is not the only thing that can produce consciousness. He even states that if ever we built an artificial machine that has consciousness. it further proves the point. He also says that the relationship ...

Blade Runner is an iconic film that was directed by Ridley Scott in 1981 and based on the novel of Philip Dick "Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?". The film in its two-version interpretations became one of the style-forming movies of the 1980-90s, and also gave rise to the Hollywood tendency to screen anti-utopian stories of Philip Dick. The deep problematic canvas of the film that is based on the idea that a person's conceptions regarding the world and his place in it can appear to be intentionally falsified by third parties, entities or intelligent, received subsequent development in ...

The qualities that humans possess make them special from other living forms or objects. Yet, the studied stories suggest that there is a man – made form of existence that resembles humans in terms of reasoning, cognizing or even feeling human emotions, embodied into robots that possess artificial intelligence. The studied stories, “Tomorrow is Waiting” (Holli Mintzer), “EPICAC” (Kurt Vonnegut), “Robbie” (Isaac Asimov) or “Birth of A Robot” (Abigail Tucker) address the difference between humans and robots only to suggest that the difference is only a human – built concept. The robots presented in these stories show human features, such as ...

Introduction

The assumed Socratic problems were solved long time ago. The standpoint of this paper will be opposing beliefs that are prevailing and hence the primary emphasis will be put on the pedantry and lack of creativity of Socrates. Through the reviewing of records and their theme, this paper will be able to bring out the ambiguous character and the teachings of this great thinker.

Over time, there have been many attempts that try to link up the character of this great philosopher Socrates to the decisive turning point of the Greeks spiritual history. To very great extent this ...

Part I: Machiavelli, Rousseau and Nietzsche – A Critical Review

The three philosophical treatises, The Prince (Machiavelli), Lawgiver (Rousseau) and Sovereign Individual (Nietzsche) seem to define the role and position of the topmost leader of the society and how various classes of authority devolves from such a leader. The different philosophers seem to define their view of how these leaders must acquire their power, use it and maintain law and order through the delegation of power and authority and controlling these subordinates through systems of responsibility and accountability. However, Machiavelli’s Prince seems to be somewhat different and distinct from Rosseau’s Lawgiver and Nietzsche’s Sovereign Individual. This ...

Summary

In this work, Nietzsche constantly criticized ancient thinkers who argued for dualism. According to him, the ancient Greeks were not rationalists. He goes forward t give an example of the rejection of the senses because of change and multiplicity which prompted Heraclitus to reject their testimony. According to him, dualism presented things in a way that presumed they were permanent and uniform. In practice, there is a contrast in the manner that people conceive the problem of appearance and error. Whereas in the past change and alteration were considered as a proof of appearance, this is not the case today. ...

The video, “Nietzsche on Hardship - Philosophy: A Guide to Happiness” introduces the viewers to the philosophical theory espoused by Friedrich Nietzsche. Nietzsche advocates the belief that individuals benefit from hardship and failure. What matters is how the failure is met and how it is used to one’s advantage. One believes that the Nietzsche’s theory can be learned and practiced in one’s life. Like Nietzsche, one should look positively on sufferings because it makes a person stronger. Often, a person’s capacities and skills are put to the test when faced with challenges. After going through these ...

1. Nietzsche in his work distinctly differentiated slave and master morality. During his time, and for conservative thinkers of today, there are traits that are considered noble and positive. These traits including meekness, humility, pity and other characteristics that might be universally defined as kind are to him, weak. This kind of thinking is what he refers to as slave morality because it is not assertive and people who think that way are not strong enough to become masters of their own world. He condemns the philosophy which embraces these characteristics. To him, a master morality is one that is opposite ...

“On The Genealogy of Morals” is a text by a German philosopher by the name Friedrich Nietzsche. In the book, Nietzsche uses a genealogical method to trace the origins of people’s different conceptions of morality. The text has three main essays; the first entitled “Good and Evil,” the second one entitled “Guilt, ‘Bad Conscience,’ and the like” and the last one entitled “What is the meaning of ascetic ideals?” This essay provides a critical response to Nietzsche’s work, specifically his book “On The Genealogy of Morals.”

One of the claims made by Nietzsche ...

When a new technology is created, there are always people who believe it is a good thing and there are people who believe it is a bad thing. It is not surprising that people today have the same feelings about the Internet. Some people who use the Internet daily wonder if it is having a bad effect on our minds. For example, Nicholas Carr writes about the Internet’s bad effects in his July 2008 article in The Atlantic, “Is Google Making Us Stupid?.” The Internet can be bad for people, but it is a choice people make if it will be bad ...

Thus Spoke Zarathustra is one of the most important philosophical texts of all time. It presents the speeches the eponymous main character gives; these are characterized by being complex musings on life and thought. One of the most important of these is “On Self-Overcoming”, presented in the second part of this book. In it, Zarathustra addresses the wisest, a group probably conformed of philosophers and religious hierarchs. In it, he inquires about the nature of truth, power and being. He muses about what truth is, how it is created and the effects it can have on the population. This leads ...

The meaning of life has been one of the most significant questions that humankind has asked itself. Throughout history, different cultures have given various answers, from myths, to religion and science. After Nietzsche’s proclamation of the death of God, philosophers started asking themselves what they were on this planet for, giving rise to the Existentialist movement. Attempting to answer this question some saw that it did not have a verifiable response, concluding that human life was actually absurd. However, not everyone interpreted this word in the same way. Albert Camus was one of its most famous proponents, believing that ...

In his third essay of the genealogy of morality, Nietzsche combined slave revolt, the feeling of ressentiment and the resurgence of modern reality to develop ascetic ideals. He states that “if one disregards the ascetic ideal” then human lives have no meaning. Nietzsche claims that, the ressentiment man is reluctant to permit things to build within him. The slight injuries that arise transform into a resentful hatred and he build happiness in a very long process. This man focuses on the future, thus, he is full of hope and cleverness unlike the noble man. In line with Nietzsche argument, this ...

The Tempest illustrates Shakespeare’s idea of power and how it is exercised. In the island where all the characters were brought together by the tempest, their individual desire for power and how they plan to achieve it shows how man constantly struggles to possess power and rule over others. This characteristic of man is explained in Friedrich Nietzsche’s view of power, which states that it is the Will to Power that drives man to desire control and achieve it. He explains that life is a plurality of forces striving after an increase in the feeling of power, until ...

2 Different Advertisements for Cars Today, cars have come to represent status and culture, and thanks to advertisements, one gets to see what differentiates people based on their taste. Apollo and Dionysius are prominent Gods g Greek mythology. They are both honored with distinct characteristics; creativity and personality. Apollo is known to be the noblest of all, whereas, Dionysius is a rebel and represents wild unbridled emotion. They are like the two poles; similar in structure, but miles apart in characteristics. While spontaneity is associated with Dionysian, methodology and planning is what the Apollonian man adopts. It is in ...

The historical, cultural and scientific events of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries shaped human thoughts and philosophy. The purpose of science and philosophy is to explain the universe, meaning of life and where man fits in. Man has made progress based on the growth and development of science and philosophy. The conventional opinions that were barriers to a richer human experience were attacked by Nietzsche, who disliked liberalism, communism, and socialism. He disagreed to the two-hundred-year-old western intellectual tradition of progress and condemned the morality of Christians. He advocated that the man was living alone in an ...

Introduction

This study will define some of the terms such as Rationalism Empiricism and principle of utility states. It will further discuss some of the hypotheses by the philosophers such as Nietzsche and Sartre. Rationalism is being defined in philosophy as, the analysis that regards reasons as the primary source and the knowledge analysis. Empiricism is a theory that all the knowledge of matters of facts comes from sensory experience (Locke, 1998).The principle of utility states that, both actions and behavior are correct as long as they uphold happiness and pleasure. On the other hand, actions and behaviors are ...

1. According to Nietzsche, Christianity’s “slave morality” enabled it to achieve supremacy over ancient paganism. What were the fundamental values of paganism and how was Christianity able to defeat it? In his premier essay “On the Geology of Morals “, Nietzsche lays significant accusations on the nature of Christianity as a bullying religion designed only for the weak, the slaves, and the poor. Critics of this early work affirm that the circumstances under which the essay is constructed lays firm breeding grounds for violence and victimization of other forms of religion or doctrines (Fraser par. 2). Paganism was such ...

Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) is the great German thinker, a classical scholar, composer, poet, a creator of the original philosophical doctrine, which has emphasized non-academic nature and therefore is widespread far beyond the scientific and philosophical communities. The fundamental concept of Nietzsche includes specific criteria for assessing the validity, questioned the basic principles of the existing forms of morality, religion, culture and socio-political relations and subsequently reflected in the philosophy of life. As stated in the aphoristic style, most of the works of Nietzsche can not be unambiguously interpreted and cause a lot of controversies. Friedrich Nietzsche was the first person to ...

Philosophy

In his philosophy, Nietzsche appraises the origin of morality, in an attempt to recount the backgrounds of both sin as well as morals (3). Owing to the fact that basic words of ethical deeds entails several connections with nobility alongside the slavery theories; he capitalizes on the coincidence to genially sum up the difference between nobility and the slave moralities. He tailors the nobility morality on magnificence alongside the aspiration to enhance quality as opposed to inferiority, whereas the slave morality tends to proclaim ‘good’ as the absolute opposite of nobility “beauty or good.” For instance, the slave nobility ...

In the article “Definition of Man”, Burke (17) asserts that lovers tend to go through the same phases till the end. More than often people fall in love and at times ending up with bitter breakups that are heart breaking. Due to this, my views on love have changed. Some people fight to keep love, others do not realize it while others hide from it. I tend to belief that love is split in three dimensions; lust, attachment, and romance. Burke asserts that two people can fall in love before sleeping together, or even get attached before loving each ...

In chapter 2 Nietzsche makes a distinction regarding how people respond to drama and response to events in real life. The arguments present the distinction between Apollonian and Dionysian personalities. The distinction of these two personalities is crucial in gaining an insight as to how people behave in this world. The ultimate goal is to promote full awareness of oneself and the behavior of humanities. It is also vital in discovering how humanities can work for different people. In studying humanities, referring to these personalities is vital in understanding the distinction of personalities portrayed by a person According to Nietzsche’ ...

Chapter 9: Descartes

1. "I find here that thought is an attribute that belongs to me; it cannot be separated from me. I am, I exist, that is certain" (Descartes qtd. in Soccio 260). What does Descartes mean by this statement and why is it so important? Descartes claims that there is no ego without a thought (mind) and this ego does not exist in a thoughtless state. That is one of his most important ideas, which led to a well-known statement - “I think therefore I am”. 2. What is meant to be proven by the wax example? How does Descartes go ...

Frederick Nietzsche is perhaps among the most controversial philosopher and thinker of his time. Mostly remembers for his highly scandalous declaration that God is dead, Nietzsche explored the concept of will to power in his book The Gay Science. The concept that Nietzsche was driving at with this concept is that men by nature has that instinctive drive that urges him to insist his ways and values to other people . Nietzsche was trying to suggest that regardless of the superficial intent in one’s action, whether it is by virtue benefiting or harmful to another person, the motive of ...

Both fragments of Nietzsche's books concern two main ideas of his social theory: compassion and Christian idea of compassion. Nietzsche was quite coherent in his critics of the compassion and the enemy of the Christian church. Nietzsche was the admirer of the power over people by a certain group of people, superior men. He stressed that the will to power makes our lives more full and significant. The man is tempered in life full of adventures and dangers of struggle and tension. This excitement and risk life increases his will, and the person becomes strong and independent, proud and self-sufficient. Such ...

Nietzsche claims that the fundamental reasons for distrusting philosophy, and half-way mocking it is not because of the mistakes made or how childish the philosophical work is, but the lack of honest. The lack of honesty in handling the philosophical project leads to prejudiced work dubbed as truth. A philosopher dubs his own ideologies without strict hones and then proceeds to defend their ideas. In the search for truth, Nietzsche in Aphorism 6 notes that great philosophy is based on the truths of the originator which is the unconscious and involuntary auto-biography (Friedrich Nietzsche, 1886). He claims that ...

in the Debate Between Moral Relativism and Moral Absolutism The issue of moral relativism versus moral absolutism is an important one in the history of moral philosophy. Benedicts argues that normality is “culturally defined” and argues that what we think of as right and wrong, good and evil, and moral and immoral varies from culture to culture” (qtd. in Rosenstand, p. 146). This view of moral relativism is that the standards of moral right and wrong are based on the moral code of each culture. On the other hand, Christina Hoff Sommers observes an opposite view that moral ...

Friedrich Nietzsche noble human beings the best approach on human nature. Nietzsche fundamental idea is the driving force of human action; the will to power. It is the inherent will to power within humans that affirms human life and the will to live, dominate, and grow. Humans operate on the general principle of growing, domination throughout life. However, human do not live, grow and dominate at equal levels. There are inherent differences in the human society. The noble human being, therefore, is the one who advances the will to power. He who is noble honors himself as one who ...

There are unique differences between Buddhism and existentialism. The uniqueness in differences mainly depends on the metaphysical traditions with unique phenomenological methodology. In the section of ethics, existentialism and Buddhism are different on how they influence the society. Proper understanding of the elements would mainly depend on the arguments by Nietzsche and The Buddha. There are controversial arguments by Nietzsche as he tries to argue against Buddhism. The influential arguments for the two are proper definition of Buddhism. Nietzsche is the main pioneer of existentialism in the western world. He takes exclusive positions against Buddhism. He defends various ...

Since time immemorial, philosophers, scientists, theologians, and laypeople have inquired about the nature of "God" and the possibilities of a transcendent realm from both a scientific perspective as well as a religious perspective. Their answers are nebulous, as the lack of evidence of an Omniscient being, or a loving "Creator" can be construed as the absence of the ability to know this realm. Any knowledge of such a realm must be taken on faith alone, as it is not scientifically provable, which either proves that science has its limits, or that the knowledge of God operates beyond the realm of scientific empiricism -- and ...

What is the connection between the notion of SOUL and the individual’s sense of SELF-identity?

In order to find a connection between the notion of soul and the individual’s sense of self-identity, it is very important to know their definitions. Soul has been defined in various ways by religion and philosophers. It is claimed that a soul is the essence or immaterial aspect that human beings have that show their individuality and humanity. It is stated that the mind and self are synonymous with the soul (Chalmers). There are others who believe that a soul is immortal, therefore, cannot die. Individual’s sense of self-identity has been the subject of scrutiny by many philosophers. The sense ...