Essays on Nonverbal Communication

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Summary

Distance education in higher learning institutions requires analysis from an equity perspective since the low-context online learning can lead to difficulties for high-context learners. The first section of the article reveals a framework for high- and low-context cultures which relies on cross-cultural communication. A lack of nonverbal communication characteristic of the low-context system can translate into cultural clashes in the educational environment. In the next section, the explorer states dimensions typical of high-context cultures and centers on regulating the group’s harmony via nonverbal means in collectivistic communication. A demand for openness ...

Self-awareness and Empathy. Awareness of another person is accompanied by an emotional assessment of the person, an attempt to understand things, predict changes in behavior and model their own behavior. Since this process involves at least two people, and each is an active subject, each should consider not only another person's needs and motives but also the way that person understands the needs and motives of the partner in the construction of strategies of interaction. Thus, self-awareness and empathy are the key conditions for teamwork and interpersonal communication. In this case, one needs to understand the very essence emotional ...

Question 1

Types of Nonverbal Communication There are different ways through which individuals can communicate nonverbally. Gestures, physical distance/personal space, facial expressions, and posture are examples of non-verbal communication techniques (Burgoon & Guerrero, 2013). Gestures can be touching behaviors, agreed-on signs, or signs that accompany verbal communication (Burgoon & Guerrero, 2013). Also known as proxemics, maintaining personal space and physical distance when communicating plays a critical role in passing a message. Proxemics also determines the settings and environment under which people communicate, for example, public, social, personal, or intimate spaces (Burgoon & Guerrero, 2013). Facial expressions can be used to communicate happiness, sadness, disappointment, ...

Communication between people takes place every time and everywhere. Language is extremely powerful tool which helps people to understand each other's needs, wishes, expectations, convey meaningful messages and just reach a desired consensus. However, it often occurs that the way people speak, how they behave during a conversation, is much more important than what they actually say. The function of our facial expressions is “to convey delicate shades of emotion and intention” (Burling, 2015), as it is much easier than to do with a language. Likewise, observing people speaking or reacting to the co-speaker, not even hearing the words, ...

The interaction between people requires multiple forms of non-verbal communication that is the exchange of information through facial expressions, gestures and body movements. Non-verbal communication is sometimes also called "body language", but the term is not entirely correct since people tend to use such non-verbal signs only to refute or to confirm what was said. All cultures have different attitudes towards personal space. Their facial gestures and body positions show that they don’t like it. Rules about personal space are unwritten and never taught but they are obligatory for all members of a certain culture. For example, most ...

Culture and customs influence the structure and functioning of organizations (Martin & Chaney, 2009). Brazil is one of the leading economic partners of the United States. Managing an organization in Brazil requires strategies attuned to the local culture and customs.

Background of Brazil

Brazil has a democratic political system. Executive and legislative leaders of the federal republic hold office via election. Brazil’s economy is the eight largest in the world. In 2012, the country’s gross domestic product was $2.25 million. (PwC, 2013) Main exports are agricultural products and natural resources. Industrial production has also grown. Primary imports are oil and natural ...

Responses to Section 1

Intercultural communication is crucial for global business. Ideally, the proliferation og globalization had led to the emergence of diverse ethnic and cultural workforces. Verbal and nonverbal communication plays an integral role because language influences perception and communication styles. Cultural differences influence international communication, especially the way countries perceive culture as of high or low context; therefore, the recognition of these differences spurs business competitiveness. Verbal and nonverbal communication has profound effects on cultural identity. Conversational styles and nonverbal cues such as gestures, space, time and gazes are very significant in people’s lives and they help in keeping the ...

Globally, people make assumptions, judgments, and decisions about one another or things around them based on responses they receive from others. These assumptions are according to nonverbal communications that people use within their own cultures and how they deal with others. Often, these nonverbal reactions affect the way people communicate with and among each other, which makes understanding these nonverbal cues crucial when developing and maintaining relationships with other people. Do people expect other cultures to adapt to their own culture or are they willing to adopt another person’s culture? Are people expected to compromise or are they ...

Question 1

I would recommend to my friend to not start coaching from the beginning. Coaching helps people achieve a goal in the workplace by finding and implementing their own solutions. When the coach works with the coached, the intercultural perspective while communicating has to be considered. This involves not only the environment and background of the coached but also the industry and corporate culture. The way a managing team is addresses in the UK may be different from the way it is done in the U.S. or when compared to the fashion industry and international bank. For a foreign national, ...

Coordinated management of meaning (CCM) in social sciences provides an understanding of how individuals coordinate, create and manage meanings in the communication process. In general terms, it refers to how people come with rules that are used to create and interpret meanings in the communication field. These rules and policies are enmeshed in people’s conversation where meaning is coordinated on a constant basis. In the contemporary world, people constantly communicate with others, and they normally design meaning of the messages which they used in their conversations. The meanings of the messages are based on the conversational experience of ...

ESSAY PLAN & ESSAY

Part A. ESSAY PLAN Thesis Statement: No two people can see the world in exactly the same way because of differences in their status, gender, culture, traditions and environment where they were raised as shown through non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication can create barriers between people and may elicit different interpretations and responses based on the people’s personal beliefs, status and expectations.

People have different outlooks in life where some have positive views in life, where some of them have pessimistic outlooks. Supporting point 2 Some people tend to stereotype based on race, color, religion and social standing. Non-verbal ...

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Summary

The client has issues with one of his housemates. Currently, he shares a house with four other people. However, one of them isn’t doing his share in terms of making sure that the place is clean. For the purpose of this paper, the housemate that causes the issue will be called Housemate 1. In particular, Housemate 1 always leaves the sink and the kitchen dirty despite knowing and seeing that the others are extending effort to clean it. This makes the client really upset. He shares this sentiment with his other housemates who also observe the ...

In apublic setting, men and women adopt various ways for ensuringnonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication comprises of all communication elements such as body language, hand gestures, etc except words. The patterns are different because of difference in way of communication. In a public setting, nonverbal communication is associated with culture and gender, and culture exerts its influence on non verbal communication of males and females (Wood, 2015). People communicate in non verbal manner according to their cultural beliefs and norms. With the help of nonverbal communication men and women can communicate in social gatherings with friends, family, and other people. ...

In a public setting, men and women adopt various ways for ensuring nonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication comprises of all communication elements such as body language, hand gestures, etc except words. The patterns are different because of difference in way of communication. In a public setting, nonverbal communication is associated with culture and gender, and culture exerts its influence on non verbal communication of males and females (Wood, 2015). In the same manner, verbal communication is influenced by culture, which can be analyzed from the fact that masculine speaking style is preferred in public speaking. People communicate in non verbal ...

Final Summary Paper

Communication is a complex process that involves words, voice volume, and a tone, body language, the topic of discussion and the communication history between interlocutors. Communication can be called effective, when the recipient understands the message and expresses its meaning back to the sender. Interpersonal communication takes place when two, or more people, exchange their messages and have the roles of a speaker and a listener. Nevertheless, a lecture cannot be called interpersonal because only the lecturer speaks, while the audience listens. One-way communication is also a communication, which is called broadcasting. Interpersonal skills show, how effectively people get ...

Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)

Abstract 3 Introduction .. 4

Purpose . 6

Literature Review . 7 Synthesis .. 15 Method .. 15 Overview of Design .. 15

Results and Discussion 16

Conclusion 27 References .. 31

Tables 35

Abstract This project set out to examine the efficacy of a communication system known as the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), which is mainly used by individuals with autism. It is estimated that 30 to 40% of children with autism may not develop functional speech (Gerenser, 2009). With that being noted, this project broke down the PECS system in order to understand how each stage worked and why this method seemed to be the most ...

Observed Affects of Age, Gender, and Culture

Observed Affects of Age, Gender, and Culture

Introduction

The objective of this observational research is to test two hypotheses. First, that in contemporary society traditional male courtesies toward unknown females, such as allowing females to disembark first from an elevator, are rarely practiced by younger men, for example those under 40 years old. This is probably not because younger men are ill-mannered, but because females are perceived as more independent today than they were in the past and so do not require special treatment. Since this male deference is no longer offered consistently, a female elevator passenger is now in ...

Introduction

Globalization has become an increasingly encompassing phenomenon in people’s lives today. Most significantly, globalization has bridged geographical spaces, so that in any context, there seem to be people from different backgrounds; people with different skills and experiences (Chuang, 2013). This is diversity. But it is not just about a situation that has come to be so that we have no choice but to deal with it. Rather, studies have showed that diversity has various benefits for individuals and ultimately the organization (discussed below).

Personal Growth

Taking this class, I was aware of these facts and I felt it important to ...

Negotiating is a communication process in which parties discuss issues, offers, or problems and attempt to reach a solution, resolution or another certain outcome. Negotiations occur every day, in life and in business, formally and informally. Negotiations occurring in everyday life take varying courses due to several factors such as the style of negotiation being employed, the stakes involved in the conflict issue, the strategies adopted by the negotiators and the mediators among others. There are different negotiation strategies and styles, such as positional bargaining, positional bargaining, principled negotiations (integrative negotiations), competing, collaborating, compromising, avoiding and accommodating and so ...

Introduction

Buying a car is a huge purchase. It is a purchase that will affect any individual for the next four to five years. This makes proper negotiation skills a must when purchasing a vehicle. It is important to be well educated on the product before negotiating. This will make a person more educated when making an offer. When it comes to car negotiations, the goal is to come to an agreement that is beneficial for both parties involved (Gerstner 65). The consumer needs to know and understand this before going into a dealership and attempt a negotiation. The consumer ...

In exploring the function of touch in the field of improving child/infant has been neglected. This is because of the theory developed by John Bowlby, which has gone on to focus on the actual need for an infant to attain a tight and unbreakable attachment to its caregiver. In honesty, this has been an extremely valuable contribution in trying to connect and aiding a child's growth in its infant period and future development. The theory is restricted in its reference of the importance of the sense of touch and its importance in its contribution to the making of the said theory. ...

Communication has been an essential aspect in life of a human being. Since I began attending the communication classes in school, I have come to learn that communication is reaching to understanding others and been understood. Poor communication skills can destroy personal relationships. Both the verbal and nonverbal communication is part of my life even though some skills I have learnt them in school. The new skills in communication I learn in school have helped me reflect in my previous state of interaction and how insensitive I was towards others.

It has been two years now when my father ...

Presentation Outline

With dark red lipstick, a tight lipped lady storms into the office and takes her seat, pushing her bag to the corner she glares at her computer. Her co-workers stand up to inquire, but receive a blunt “I am fine” reply. This contradiction between her nonverbal and verbal language leaves a confusing message for all. Such confusion definitely gives more value to the nonverbal message being communicated to others. Similarly, while giving a presentation in a conference room having the top management of an organization, talking on the subject of downsizing, let suppose a female presenter formally dressed stands up to speak. With normal sized ...

Introduction

This paper seeks to present a detailed outline on the topic Intercultural Communication in Contexts. The main objectives of the paper include the following: discuss the components of language; explain the different position concerning language and perception; describe the function of metaphor in gaining awareness about intercultural communication; recognize cultural variations in the different style of communication; understand the different challenges related to multilingualism; explain the distinction between interpretation and translation; and understand the occurrence of interlanguage and code switching.

Point 1: Social science perspective is focused on the use of language including the components, perception and ...

As a result of globalization, the multi-culture and cultural relation has resulted to increasing demand of learning various cultures. In addition, there are many global issues, such as pollution and climate change that requires coordination and collaboration of the different culture to mitigate. Therefore, the modern societies must learn to coordinate so that they can prevent the problem of mutual self-destruction. For instance, the United States is facing the problem of cultural distortion as a result of immigration into the country. The appropriate way to mitigate such problems is through the intercultural understanding. People should acquire intercultural communication as a tool to ...

Part 5

This part involves the delivery of speech. This part has categorized this topic into several chapters. They include the methods of delivery, nonverbal communication, delivering the actual speech, verbal communication and designing and using the presentation aids. A speaker always has the option of selecting the methods with which he or she can deliver a speech. There are indeed four methods used in the delivery of speech. They include manuscript speaking, impromptu speaking and memorized speaking as well as extemporaneous speaking. It is the duty of the speaker to select which method of delivery is more comfortable to him. He ...

Communication is a fragile, delicate process we often take for granted. In many cases, we do not even realize we are communicating. Most of us believe to communicate we must speak, but this is untrue. We are technically communicating all the time. Verbally, nonverbally, through our movements, and even when we are still, everything that we do communicates something to those around us. The communication process is so complex is can often begin to cause problems for us and those we communicate with. One of the most common places communication problems occur is in the workplace. Superiors and subordinates sometimes ...

The Film a thousand words is a comedy-drama that stars Eddie Murphy and was directed by Brian Robbins. Eddie Murphy as Jack McCall in the movie is a literary agent who is not afraid to stretch the truth to get various book deals. He tries to deceive a guru, Dr. Sinja, who sees through his deceit, but agrees to the deal. However, a tree magically appears in Jack McCall’s backyard which falls a leaf for every word he says. When the tree shades all the leaves, Jack will breathe his last and the tree too will die. Jack tries to cut it but instead a ...

A nation’s culture resides in the hearts and souls of its people,” said Mahatma Gandhi. It is the culture of a people that gives them a sense of belonging, identity and pride of who they are. Culture is an integral part of a people and cannot be separated from them. Being passed from one generation to another, culture is indelible in the hearts and souls of its perpetrators. The centrality of culture has a number of effects in shaping the opinion, style and character of a people. It is to this effect that various groups of people have their own way of ...

Nonverbal communication forms an integral part of the way we communicate everyday. Nonverbal communication is of four types. They are kinesics, paralanguage, proxemics, and chronemics. Nonverbal communication including our gestures, facial expressions, and the eye contact we make with the person we are communicating with conveys important messages. Leaders can derive a number of important meanings from organizational members engaging in nonverbal signals.

- Kinesics

The study of body movements is called kinesics. The body movements considered here include facial expression, touching, gestures, eye contact, and other movements of the body or limbs. Height, weight, hair and skin color and physique, body ...

- Discuss Cognition and Emotion. Can We Experience Emotion Apart from Thinking? Can you remember feeling emotion without knowing why?

There is a strong and direct relationship between cognition and emotion, although they are two different things and cannot be interchangeable. Cognition mainly refers to mental processes such as language, attention, problem solving, planning, memory, etc. Emotion on the other hand refers to any kind of subjective and conscious experience. Cases wherein cognition and emotion occurs at the same time are not uncommon. In the same manner, there can also be cases wherein an individual experiences emotion without cognition. I have ...

Question 1: Discuss the relative use of nonverbal behaviours, such as salient periods, interruptions, facial gazing, and touching, by people from various cultural backgrounds. How does this behaviour affect the negotiation process in a cross-cultural context?

Nonverbal communication is an integral part of our communication. However, it is often ignored in the formal framework of business interactions especially by people from Western cultures. In a cross-cultural context this approach may be highly misleading, because people from different cultures give different weights to verbal vs. nonverbal communication. Thus, if Italians tend to express their emotions through gestures, Germans or Dutch emphasize more ...

People perceive others using their individual frame of reference to interpret verbal and nonverbal communication, and culture has a large influence on this frame of reference and the ability of two people to mutually communicate. Different cultures have different customs for acceptable topics of expression, and adherence to or violation of cultural norms can affect how a person’s behavior is perceived (Costigan, Bardina, Cauce, Kim, & Latendresse, 2006). Although a person attempts to communicate with specific words and actions, successful communication relies on the interpretation and comprehension of the person receiving the communication. Cultural rules and conventions influence how communication is interpreted; ...

There are five principles of verbal communication and a further five for nonverbal communication. These principles are important for the sender and receiver to achieve effective communication and establish a shared understanding (Cheesebro, O’Connor & Rios, 2010).

The first principle of verbal communication is to recognize that all languages have value. There is no language that is better than the other in terms of logic, ability to convey thought or complexity.

The second principle is to understand that everyone speaks a dialect. A dialect is a regional variation of language. It includes unique pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. Despite the differences in dialects, ...

Communication and Problem Solving Skills

Communication and Problem Solving Skills

Communication and Problem Skills of Police Officers

Community policing and law enforcement are important aspects of the process of law enforcement. The qualities of law enforcement personnel include integrity, strength, and honesty, among others. However, the qualities of a professional law enforcement officer are beyond the qualities mentioned above. It goes on to include factors such as good communication skills, commitment to the course at hand, and psychological competence. All the above characters are essential in the quest to maintaining efficient law enforcement services. Normally, many law enforcement offices resolve to using force and physical confrontation to resolve conflicts, however, the best ...

Introduction

Communication is a two-way process that requires the understanding of both parties in order to be successful. It is the “process of exchanging verbal and nonverbal messages” (Zmorenski). Effective communication is necessary in security workplaces. Most companies spend thousands of dollars in order for their employees to be properly trained on effective communication. Communication is essential for all aspects in the business world. Lack of communication or misinterpreted communication can lead to failed job performance and could even lead to lawsuits. It is important for employees in all industries to be able to properly communicate in order to adequately do ...

1. How do the results compare to what you might have expected? What do you think the most difficult part of being an active listener is for you? When you are speaking, what do you look for to try to assess if the person you are speaking to is listening and understanding? I need to stop myself from jumping into a conversation to present my views. Rather it would be better to let the speaker finish what they are saying first. I could also benefit from restating what the person is saying so that the person knows I am ...

Character identity

The movie ‘despicable me’ utilizes Gru as the main character to drive its story line. Gru’s self-concept changes from the super villain outlook on himself to an increasingly soft and children liking super dad. The transformation in his self concept helps build the story of the movie, however, his identity remains the same which helps the audience identify with him and recognize him as Gru, whether in villainy or in good causes. The physical identity of Gru is defined by many aspects. The size of the character is representative of him. Big and imposing, the size complements all ...

Non-verbal communication is usually used in order to express power as well as status. It is also used in order to convey a wide variety of emotions and feelings such as love, anger, and compassion. It is an on-going process in the human person and is part of every human endeavor. True enough, nonverbal communication enhances verbal communication in any case of human interaction. Through gestures of the hands and the head, a single statement become the most striking in any speech or confrontation. One of the best examples of how nonverbal communication is best demonstrated is in the speeches of ...

Being a good listener can seem like an easy thing to do. Many people believe that the mere act of having ears means that they are doing their job to show that they are listening. They think to themselves, “I am a person who can hear. How could anybody think I am not listening to them?!” But just having ears is not all there is to being a good listener; it takes much more. There are things such as eye contact, nonverbal communication, and gestures that can let a person know that you are listening. In settings such as a hospital or a veterinary clinic ...

Question 1

I observed nonverbal communication skills when I was at the mall sited at the corner of a coffee shop. I observed a young couple in their twenties having a latte, the young man was sitting close to the lady with his face very close to hers, he had an angry expression on his face and he was gesticulating wildly with his hands. He was looking into the lady’s eyes the whole time and his tone was very loud. The lady’s eyes were down cast, her shoulders were slumped and her arms on the table. Her expression defiant but she spoke ...

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Non-Verbal Messages being sent in the Picture

The picture shows a group of young and middle-aged men seated together in a room which appears to be a room only for smokers. Every person in the room holds a lit cigarette in their hand. The messages mainly conveyed in this photo are the act of smoking itself that helps to indicate that all of them are smokers, and they are in a room where they can share a common habit. By laughing and talking to one another, they are trying to show that they hold similar interests, and they ...

Albert Mehrabian’s Communication Model

Albert Mehrabian’s Communication Model 1 Albert Mehrabian’s Communication Model The model of communication that is theorized by Albert Mehrabian is that communication has three components: words; tone of voice and body language. He concluded that 7% of any communicated message is conveyed through words, 38% is conveyed through tone of voice and the remaining 55% is body language (Lee 2006). There has been much controversy surrounding his theory. This formula is based on the findings he and a partner conducted in two separate experiments in 1967. Mehrabian’s theory is often referred to and quoted ...

Introduction

My leadership style is working with group of people to achieve specific goal. I believe the goal must be clear defined to everyone can reach that goal. It must inspire workers to work well enough short term and long term to accomplish these goals. Furthermore, I have clear and direct communication for each step to complete the goal (Milstead, 2004). In order to encourage workers to work hard, I believe the great way is reward the workers. However, the workers will be subject to negative consequence if he or she fails to produce require or expected out put, disobeys ...

Effectiveness of written, verbal, nonverbal and electronic communication

Communication is the exchanging of ideas, conclusions and data among individuals by discourse, written work or signs. Different individuals communicate in different ways. Viable communication is integral to all restorative association and is progressively recognized in norms of wellbeing and social forethought. The right of a single person to utilize their dialect of decision is additionally perceived. The nature of communication that an individual exercises is important, and especially in nursing since it affects the interaction with clients. Verbal or oral communication uses spoken words to impart a message. Simply put, verbal communication is talking and listening. Verbal communication is ...

English

Martin Luther King’s “I have a dream” and JFK’s inaugural speech both are a masterpiece of verbal and nonverbal communication. Devoid from the rhetorical devices the speeches of these presenters might not have been as memorable as they have become. Both speeches were for a completely different audience and were made on a strikingly different occasions and contain divergent messages. Yet, both presenters were masterfully able to employ the devices of verbal and nonverbal communication rightly suited to their respective occasion and for their respective audience. King strengthened his speech by using a very interesting analogy. He described the reason to ...

All communication devices are divided into two large groups: verbal and nonverbal. It may seem that nonverbal means are not as important as verbal. In fact, it is not true. Although verbal communication is of central importance for the majority, it is incomplete without nonverbal devices. Even after developing language, people consciously or unconsciously use body movements. Eye contact, facial expressions, head movements, positioning of feet and legs, torso shifts, postures, tone of voice and even space between people during conversation are elements of body language. Professionals in the field of communication studies define these body movements as the ...

English

Martin Luther King’s “I have a dream” and JFK’s inaugural speech both are a masterpiece of verbal and nonverbal communication. Devoid from the rhetorical devices the speeches of these presenters might not have been as memorable as they have become. Both speeches were for a completely different audience and were made on a strikingly different occasions and contain divergent messages. Yet, both presenters were masterfully able to employ the devices of verbal and nonverbal communication rightly suited to their respective occasion and for their respective audience. King strengthened his speech by using a very interesting analogy. He described the reason to ...

Question 1

Nonverbal communication refers to communication that includes the use of facial expressions, change in the pitch and tone of the voice, the use of different gestures that are displayed through the body language and the difference in the distance between the conversing parties. The mentioned nonverbal cues give the individuals communicating the additional information and cues that cannot be provided in the verbal communication. Additionally, nonverbal communication enables the individuals communicating to modify or reinforce their message especially in what they have sad in words, convey the information about their emotional state, provide feedback and regulate the flow of ...

Communication Style Evaluation

Communication Style Evaluation

Introduction

Communication as a tool enables people to solve problems through the sharing of ideas. The need to evaluate an effective communication style arises in situations where people understand the role of communication in identifying solutions to social situations or dilemmas. A communication style refers to the manner through which individuals plan the communication process. In additions, it refers to the manner, which people interact as they communicate. Communication styles dictate the effectiveness of communication and dialogue as a tool in problem solving.

In social situations, I prefer to listen to others than talk. As I speak, I ...

Meeting Context Summary

A regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Port St. Lucie on May 12, 2014; the meeting started at 7:00 PM at Port St. Lucie City Hall, 121 SW Port St. Lucie Boulevard, Port St. Lucie, Florida, United States of America. Present during the meeting were Vice Mayor Linda Bartz of District 1, Council Member Michelle Lee Berger of District 2, Council Member Shannon M. Martin of District 3, Councilman Ron Bowen of District 4, Jeff Bremer the City Manager, the City Clerk, committees, and the public. The agendas of the regular meeting are the ...

There are different types of nonverbal communication techniques and processes used in daily communication. These include and not limited to the following; first, there is the facial expressions that form the highest proportion of nonverbal communication. Secondly is the use of gestures; involving the use of signs without words. Thirdly are the posture and the movement of the body. Fourth include the appearance, such as the color of clothes, hairstyles, etc. and lastly the use of haptic i.e. touching.

Cultural differences in nonverbal communication

Nonverbal communication differs significantly from one culture to another. These differences are entrenched in the basic usages and interpretation of ...

Reflection on Difficulty in Communication

The following is a reflective account of an experience during my placement in critical care in which it was difficult to communicate with the patient. During my placement in a critical care unit, I came across Rachel. Names and identifying information have been changed in order to abide by confidentiality guidelines set by the Nursing and Midwives Council (NMC, 2008). Rachel was brought in to the emergency room after being hit by a car while crossing the street. Suffering from a possible head injury, Rachel’s face was swollen and she could not speak. From the identification documents found on her, I ...

Effective Workplace Communication

Workplace communication is the social collectiveness in which workers develop ritualized patterns of sharing information through interaction in an attempt to coordinate the activities of the organization, or achieve personal and group goals. During the course of interaction, effective communication demands that the information that is conveyed must be understood by the parties involved. Good communication is often defined with clarity of understanding instead a simple agreement. The communication may lead to agreement or disagreement, and as such, a conflict within employees that has been going on for a long a long time does not necessarily imply lack of effective communication (Ludden & Ludden, ...

Reiman (2007) defines communication as the process of information transfer from one character to another. Hence, nonverbal communication is a type in which wordless cues are sent and received between persons (Reiman, 2007). In most instances, visual cues are used in nonverbal communication. Thus, nonverbal communication is seen as a nonlinguistic transfer of information that is achieved through auditory, visual, kinesthetic and tactile channels. On verbal communication stretches beyond kinesthetic or body language. It also includes physical appearance, proxemics, hepatics, paralanguages and gazes. This paper reports some of my experiences of nonverbal communications I witnessed during a previous marriage/wedding ceremony. Marriage ...

Deception by the Investigating Officer in the Investigative, Interrogative, and Testimonial Processes

Deception is a deliberate act to mislead people involved in criminality. Deception acts as a balance between disclosing enough information that satisfies the interrogator while hiding any information that can lead to detection. Interrogators control the information and impression management to maximize the detection of deception. The strategy of deception prepares and recounts fictitious accounts of a target event. Investigators rely on deception as a chief tool to lure culprits to give them facts related to crimes. Police interrogators often rely on psychological procedures that use deception as a key component. The interrogation procedures encourage rational people to make rational decisions in the context ...

Introduction

Misinterpretation is a major barrier when it comes to communication. While misinterpretation is a massive barrier, it is one of those barriers that can be easily eliminated by being cautious and disciplined in communication. It is common in non-verbal communications while it is still evident in face-to-face conversations. During interactions among human beings, some individuals have a tendency of jumping into conclusions or misinterpret something that has either been uttered or communicated by any other means. The consequences of misinterpretation are so severe that they may lead to social conflicts and influence responses and beliefs as it will be indicated in the ...

Business organizations need effective communication to efficiently operate in cultural diversities and attain their objectives. This is possible through effective use of intercultural communication, which is the communication process where individuals from different cultural backgrounds attempt to communicate and understand the meaning of the message conveyed by others from another culture (Dong and Ying 2010). Intercultural communication has two key components which include the verbal and nonverbal communication. Consequently, to ensure efficient cross cultural communication, businesses should address problems and issues with regard to nonverbal and verbal communication. Failure of organizations to address these issues and problems will result ...

Introduction

Roundtable discussions, panelists’ debates have been globally adopted as the best tool to solve any contentious issue .It involves engagement with the immediate affected parties. All involved parties are allowed to express themselves and a mutual and an optimal solution is realized. However due to diversities across the culture among the panelists, the negotiation traits tend to differ .this creates misunderstanding among them that may lead to acrimonious environment during discussion. Individuals with strong debating skills tend to have a dominating influence on others .this may deny others an opportunity for them to express their sentiments. In addition, they may feel inferior ...

Non-verbal Communication is an extremely common form of language. It is a form of communication where words are determined by interpretation of certain situations or images that individuals’ interactions may relay. Since most people do not understand non-verbal communication it would be wise to investigate how people perceive this habit. An experiment is conducted in an elevator to affirm some of the non-verbal communication elements. Upon entry to the elevator I will start the conversation facing the back of the elevator while I do not establish eye contact with the individual. The day being extremely hot I will wear a woolen ...