Essays on Normalization

Normalization is a technique mostly applied when the organization of tables in the database is necessary. One of its main objectives is to eliminate redundancy in the tables and ensure correctness of the anomalies in the insertion, updating and deleting of data from the tables. The process also ensures that the data dependency shared throughout a database makes sense and is logical. Once the process of normalization occurs, then it becomes very easy to update and delete records without necessarily worrying that any data might be lost (Kanade, Gopal, & Kanade, 2014). The process improves the design of the database ...

An entity relationship model/diagram commonly referred to as ERD is a data model method that represents system entities and relationships between the entities. When ERD created is by analysts, it enables understanding of business model deeper and links business models to database. The ERD theoretically represents model of records used in representing entity frameworks. The major and important elements in an ERD are entities, attributes plus relationships. An entity refers to a thing or a concept that has distinct and independent features or characteristics, for example a car. An attribute refers to the characteristics that an entity thing contains. ...

Abstract

This report discusses the strategies that can be employed by companies in improving data quality methods. It is important to work on data quality management because businesses cannot thrive without correct data. Today, it is data related to all businesses that stores all the information which is essential for the business. Without proper and correct data, it is probable that the business might suffer from quality issues and the customers and clients would have a hard time working with the business. It can build a bad reputation because incorrect data will lead to mistakes in the system which can ...

Article one

The war between Israel and Palestine presents an important moral paradox and tragedy of this age. This is because on one hand, several innocent lives are being lost and, on the other hand, it is a war that must be fought by all means and has proven that it cannot be fought morally. In this regard, therefore, it may be said that the war is collateral for a better future. That stems from the justification and necessity that Israel had in waging war against the Hamas. Israel acted on self-defense since Hamas continued bombing Israel’s territories and its ...

Introduction

Documents, though they contain useful information, have not been used as a data sources traditionally before the advent of XML. By enabling labeling of each part of the document with the type of data it contained so that more document-centric applications could be developed. XML can be seen as an object serialization format for distributed object applications or as a data exchange format. Due to the importance of XML and Database Systems (DBS), they need to be integrated for storage, retrieval, and update. By enabling this interaction, the business data and legacy application data that exists in the DBS ...

Conversation to First Normal Form (1NF)

Step two: Identification of the Primary Key For maintenance of primary key, it is important to identify uniquely attributed value Step Three: Identifying all Dependencies Dependency diagrams can be significant obtaining a ‘bird's-eyesight’ of all the relations involved in the tables attribute, and their implication makes it less likely for an overlook of important decencies

Converting to Second Normal Form (2NF)

The relational database when designed has the possibility of being easily improved through conversion of the database to a format identified as the 2NF (Chapple, 2011). To ensure the effectiveness of the 2NF format, it is important first to ensure elimination of all partial ...

Ethernet

When a company has computers, it would be prudent for them to invest on the computers' interconnections. Building a proper computer infrastructure is not limited to big firm enterprises but also small companies. When upgrading to 1000MB switches, the use of category 6 cable is recommended. Category 6 is an improvement on the category 5 cable. Category 5 cables can manage a 1000MB network, but it is not reliable. With category 6, it is possible to have a 10 000MB network in a reliable way. The cable can also manage the back and forth data, one of the many ...

The theme of alienation and resistance permeates throughout Margaret Atwood's dystopian novel The Handmaid’s Tale. Alienation, disillusionment and fear are dominant elements in dystopian societies. In this paper, I seek to make the argument that alienation makes resistance to oppression difficult since individuals are separated from each other and the products that individuals produce. I argue that The Handmaid’s Tale shows how difficult it is for women to wage a successful resistance movement against a male dominated society. Even though Marx did reduce all human relations to means and modes of production, it is important to note ...

Summaries

Even though the two authors wrote the articles in two different centuries on millennia, there is a stark similarity in the concepts and themes expressed. The two authors address concepts of globalization, even though it is from different perspectives. Held (2009, p.535) argues that “the present trajectory is one where countries are entwined tightly through the globalization” (Held, 2009, p.535) Hell also finds that “even in the context of a new world political order, the needs of individual states cannot and should not be undermined by multilateral orders and globalization” (Hell, 2009, p.535). Hell holds that “in the delivery ...

Introduction

In the contemporary world, divorce is among the growing social problems, especially in the western countries. The divorce rate in the countries such as Czech Republic, Spain, Portugal, United Kingdom, United States, Denmark, Sweden, and Canada among other developed countries is alarming. For instance, the 1,083 divorces were recorded in Luxembourg in 2009, which was an increase from 1,052 from 2009 (Eurostat 2010, p.35). Sociologists consider the deteriorating rate of divorce as a social problem that can be solved by preventing unwise marriage rather than keeping people together in the happy marriages. While some sociologist suggests that ...

The text authored by Sommerville expounds on the historical and current use of the term queer in society. The term itself is relatively new, and it is stated that it only first appeared in the English language in the late 16th century and possibly borrowed from other German words.(188). The word, in my mind, as I have heard used is usually in two contexts. The first defines anything that deviates away from the norm and typically has no negative connotation. The second definition and relevant in this text study are its use in a derogatory manner to refer ...

Workshop Management Database3

Normalization CTelNo as the key attribute..3

Normalization of Job number as the key attribute based on the Bill

of Material file 5 Normalization of Inventory Book, Part No. as key attribute..7 Entity Relationship Diagram for 3NF..9 Protoype design Microsoft Access..11

Introduction to United Kingdom’s Bicycle Industry14

Peleton Ltd ..14

Income Statement/ Financial and Non-Financial Performance15

Financial and Non-financial Performance16 Additional Financial and Non-financial Performance.16 Other Areas of Concern18 Recommendation.19

Introduction

In today’s business world, an up-to-date, complete, and reliable financial database system is a must for organizations that aim for efficient, secure, and orderly operation. The succeeding sections will discuss the logical design for a prototype relational database of Peleton, a distributor of bicycle, accessories, and related services for its workshop management. Peleton ...

Introduction

I take this chance to present to you this new improvement that I have introduced in my company. A normalized steel muffler. The muffler is one of the important parts in the car's exhaust systems. It is located on the rare part of the system. In present days, many materials are used to manufacture it. They include steel, iron and fiber carbon. Depending on the aim of the designer, the choice of these materials offers different levels of performance. Jeep Grand Cherokee is a family car that accommodates five passengers. It came into the market in 1992. Exactly five ...

Nazism just as it is fascism is a political ideology based on “political behavior that is obsessed with the idea of community decline, humiliation, or victimhood by compensatory cults of unity, energy and purity.” In this ideology, there is a mass based party of committed nationalists, militants that work with traditional elites to abandon democratic ideals and employ the use of violence to cleanse the society

According to Herf, Nazism is a political ideology that took root in Europe in the early twentieth century to mid twentieth century in Europe. In general terms, Nazism is often classified as a right wing political ...

The Closing the Gap policy is a 2008 arrangement by the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) that aims to develop the living conditions of indigenous people within Australia. It is a policy aiming to reform standards of housing, health, and education among indigenous communities (Australian Government, 2012). As the name itself implies, it aims to “close the gap between indigenous and non-indigenous Australians in life expectancy, educational achievement and employment opportunities” (Altman, 2009, p. 2). It bears the main objective of removing the problem of indigenous disadvantage by imposing efficient systems of service delivery to indigenous people with adequate funding. ...

Cover Letter

We appreciate your request to our consulting team for developing the marketing plan of one of your popular products. We respect Bodybuilding.com activity and its operation. It was very interesting and fruitful cooperation. Please, be kindly informed that upon your request on creating the marketing plan for one of your popular products, you are provided with the comprehensive plan below. The marketing plan consists of the description of current situation on the fitness market, competition level, formation of SWOT-analysis, recommended strategy for Bodybuilding.com, map of competitors and marketing mix details.

Thank you very much for your support.

In case any questions arise, please, contact us ...

Cover Letter

We appreciate your request to our consulting team for developing the marketing plan of one of your popular products. We respect Bodybuilding.com activity and its operation. It was very interesting and fruitful cooperation. Please, be kindly informed that upon your request on creating the marketing plan for one of your popular products, you are provided with the comprehensive plan below. The marketing plan consists of the description of current situation on the fitness market, competition level, formation of SWOT-analysis, recommended strategy for Bodybuilding.com, map of competitors and marketing mix details.

Thank you very much for your support.

In case any questions arise, please, contact us ...

A physical impairment refers to a dysfunction that limits an individual’s ability to move. Physical impairments limit the academic capability of individuals. In addition, physical impairments are either acquired or congenital. Impairments are medicinally diagnosed. In contrast, disability depicts an individual’s limitation or loss of an opportunity to get involved in the usual community life on the same level with the rest because of social or physical hindrances. The definition of a physical impairment relates to the perceptions of the society regarding an individual’s potential. The unequal circumstances and classification of people guided by their physical impairment opens ...

A database or a databank is an application where data can be stored and retrieved quickly. It is also important to know how the data is stored and organized in a database. Database mainly refers to a relational database, indeed a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS). Collection of data items that are structured as a group of officially defined tables from which data can be retrieved in various ways without having to restructure the database tables is known as Relational Database. In relational database, the complete data is stored in tables. The structure of these tables is similar to the spreadsheet, and the tables ...

INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE

I. INTRODUCTION In the course of acting as administrator of a victim advocacy agency, there are many instances in which the administrator must interact with individuals of other cultures and other backgrounds. Intimate partner violence occurs across all cultures, regardless of race, age, gender, or cultural status; however, certain societies have normalized intimate partner violence much moreso than American society has. Understanding the normalization of partner violence and the ways that this normalization can hinder women when they seek help for their problems is fundamentally important, particularly when these women are expected to act within the framework of a society ...

Introduction

Data is the building block of any system in the world today. A repository of such related data is called a database. A relational database organizes the data into tables that are related to each other. For example, in a relational database system, there exists one table that contains the data about cars manufactured by a company and the second table contains the information about car parts. These tables are related to each other, because each car is made up of parts, and each car part can be in one or more cars. Haley (1991) defines a table as the principal building ...

International relations

U.S. Foreign Policy during the Reagan & Bush Sr. Years There are 2 periods in foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan's administration, both associated with his presidential terms. In the first half of the 80s, Reagan pursued a rehabilitation program for US military superiority in the world, the revival of the power of military-industrial sector. Not surprisingly, the US foreign policy of the period was determined by power approaches of solving problems of international life. This was especially evident after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, martial law in Poland in 1981, as well as in connection with the ...

- Identification of the entities. - Restaurants – general info about the restaurant - Restaurants hours – working hours of the restaurant, in case restaurant will differentiate working hours some day. - Worker - Customer - Menu item – what the restaurant serves; - Menu item variation – to store data about different pizzas. - Category – what category menu item belongs to - Size – size of the menu item - Type – type of menu item - Topping – pizzas toppings - Order – order of the customer. - Definition of tables. - ...

Swearing holds a unique place in society that is rife with contradictions. It can elevate one’s image as bold and assertive, and simultaneously diminish another’s image as uncouth and aggressive. It is perceived as unacceptable language in the classroom, yet essential on the sea deck. There is an innate hierarchy in swear words or phrases, which is constantly shifting. Societal change largely dictates acceptance or rejection of obscenities. Some words or phrases become acceptable within common vernacular and others mutate into objectionable vitriol. Words that were heard only in watering holes are now common on primetime television. In ...

Solution to tutorial 1

Problem description Three problems that cannot be solved using traditional computing model but can be solved using neural computing include sensor processing, pattern recognition and speech and even text processing. It is because neural networks provide a different approach for data analysis and pattern recognition within the same data as compared to traditional computing approach. Text recognition, sensor processing, pattern recognition and speech recognition are all problems that cannot be well characterized. Therefore, traditional computing can only work well for problem that can be well described in terms of characteristics. These features include balancing checkbooks, keeping tabs of inventory, ...

Physical Design Considerations

In the setup of information given in the system, it is clear that the numbers of different relations mostly the one-to-many relationships are eight in number while some of them like the case of 2 are taken as the reference entities in this case and these are the cases of PB_vet and the PB_visit. This concept clearly shows that one-to-many relationship can be implemented in this database design to come up with an appropriate solution to solve the company’s problem. The different types of processes involved in the database development with respect to the company is like ...

- Describe the steps that you would use in order to convert database tables to the First Normal Form, the Second Normal Form, and the Third Normal Form Normalization is an approach of decomposing tables with an aim of eliminating redundant data and ensuring that data dependencies make sense through logical arrangement and storage. Normalization of a database allows handling and update of the database. Data storage should happen once to avoid storage of data that can undergo calculation from existing data in the databases. It prevents data loss. During the normalization process, removal of redundancies is important. Following ...

First defined in the year 1970 by Edgar Codd of IBM’s San Jose Research Laboratory, rational database is a database that has a collection of tables of data items. Initially, they were designated and systematized according to the relational model. In other words, relational database represents the database management system (DBMS). It was initially introduced by E. Codd, and it has turned to be a predominant choice for the storage of information for instance in the financial records, manufacturing, personal data, and logistical information (Whitehorn & Marklyn, 2007). It is on record to have substituted the legendary hierarchical databases and the network ...

The illustration of bellow uses particular, and course tables to explain why conversion of the database to first, second and third normal form is appropriate in a college environment.

Particular (Name, course_Code->course_Number, department)

In terms of first normal form, the two relations above must meet the definition of a relation as explained above in order for them to be safely stored in the database. In the second normal form, the two relations must meet the definition of a relation where each relation has well defined unique keys with no partial key dependencies. As an example, course_Number has partial dependency on Course_Code which in turn has a partial ...

Mabel Berezin’ article The Normalization of the Right in Post-Security Europe argues that the global financial crisis in Europe from the year 2008 has regenerated an increasing interest amongst Europeans for right wing parties. The growing interest in right wing parties according to Bezerin, is a function of “economic fissures and cultural fault lines in the European project” (p. 6). Instead of a multicultural and post-nationalistic Europe, the continent is slowly degenerating to a “post security polity” that is controlled with nationalistic sentiments and the growing romantic association with the right wing politics. The victory of right wing parties in Germany, United ...

Introduction

An organization needs the right amount of workforce as well as the right amount of personnel to bring in the best amount performance that they are expected to deliver. The performance that is to be delivered by the organization is based on the number of goals the organization seeks to satisfy. These goals are however set by the organization depending on their nature of work as well as their needs in the organization. Many of the organizations would choose the people that are to become future employees by looking at how they are able to conform to the different ...

ABSTRACT

This research proposal presents face reconstruction and recognition technology in the three dimensional format with the help of artificial neural networks. This technology combines geometric interpretation, detailed survey and analysis of streams of data in order to process static and dynamic images to produce neural images using advanced computing system. 3D face reconstruction done with the help of interconnected circuit of artificial neurons is followed by the step of matching and verification against familiar faces. 3D face reconstruction and recognition technology finds extensive applications in a number of fields including forensics and ensuring secure transactions. The process is complex, systematic ...

ABSTRACT

This research proposal presents face reconstruction and recognition technology in the three dimensional format with the help of artificial neural networks. This technology combines geometric interpretation, detailed survey and analysis of streams of data in order to process static and dynamic images to produce neural images using advanced computing system. 3D face reconstruction done with the help of interconnected circuit of artificial neurons is followed by the step of matching and verification against familiar faces. 3D face reconstruction and recognition technology finds extensive applications in a number of fields including forensics and ensuring secure transactions. The process is complex, systematic ...

Database normalization is a process in which data attributes are organized within a data model to increase cohesion. Essentially, database normalization is done to reduce data redundancy. It becomes difficult to store objects in a relational database that exhibits the same information in more than one place. Data normalization is performed in three forms namely; first normal form (1NF), second normal form (2NF) and third normal form (3NF). The forms describe how entity types are characterized in increasing level of normalization. Data normalization as previously stated aims to eliminate data redundancy and achieving sensible data dependencies. For instance data in a normalized table ...

Rabbit Proof Fence, a film that moves the souls of human beings is a real life heartbreaking story of three little girls set in the 1930’s that shows how the aborigine children were taken against their will from Jigalong and made to work for white families as servants or maids. Rabbit-Proof Fence provides a fundamental illustration of Australian aboriginal children and women as victims, and the government viewing them as passive with no individuality or culture. The concept of empowerment in culture is well defined by Banet-Weiser (Reading Popular Culture through Feminism, May 28 2013) where they argue that the emphasis ...

Winfry Paul

ACME Consulting Company. Normalization is the practice of sorting out data in a database by building tables and establishing relationships between them in order to safeguard existing data from unintentional modification and attain flexibility. Redundant data wastes disk space and create maintenance problems while inconsistent dependencies make data access difficulties due to missing or broken parts. Normalized database will performs more efficiently in applications with more writer-intensive operations than the read load. Because of the smaller tables associated with normalized tables, the footprint is small and data are vertically divided. This enhances performance since they can easily fit ...

Introduction

Developing an effective design for a healthcare database is a critical element that enables a healthcare institution to improve its workflow, social interaction, and technology in its operation. However, developing relational database is always associated with pitfalls during developers. There are those common aspects of database design that are being overlooked. Consequently, these pitfalls may harm the entire system (Peden, 2011). Therefore, the database developers should design a database with minimum errors possible. An effective healthcare database will enable the users to effectively examine the patients’ tests, results, history among other variables. Some of common aspects of database design that are overlooked include, ...

Conflict resolution strategies, when applied to post-war reconstruction, reconciliation and peacebuilding, can make significant contributions towards positive outcomes. Ramsbotham et al. (2011), in their chapters on the aforementioned subjects, deal with the importance of conflict resolution in instances of wartime, and how these stages of conflict vary in scope and complexity. While post-war reconstruction is an incredibly tense stage, the implications and reach of the conflict (as well as its importance) are increased in the peacebuilding and reconciliation stages. Post-war reconstruction is a particularly fragile stage of conflict; war has just ended, but the peace process itself has not ...

"it might be a mistake to assume that the inconstancy and forgetfulness of the masses signify that they are cured of the totalitarian delusion, which is occasionally identified with the Hitler or Stalin cult; the opposite might well be true." (Chapter 10)

Arendt, in this quote, is referencing the tendency for totalitarian leaders to be forgotten and quickly abandoned after their own deposing, and that much of the time the totalitarian ideals go with them. To that end, it can be assumed (or at least implied) that people tend to follow the leader more so than the position; however, Arendt ...

Database normalization is a scheme in database design that calls for the fields and tables of a database to be organized in a certain way to reduce redundancy and dependency. This is done by reducing the size of the tables by dividing them and then linking them by relationships. The reason behind this is to ensure that modifications can only be made in one table and then linked to others (Garmany et al, 2005).

One key disadvantage of normalization is the design and practice difficulties associated with it. The process requires that so many tables be created which may not be necessary ...

Face Recognition System

Categorization and Features Face recognition system is a biometric system-any automatically measurable, robust and distinctive traits that can be used to identify an individual- that operates in two modes; face verification or authentication, and face identification or recognition (Li & Jain, 2011). Face verification postulates a one to one match that likens a face image in question against an enrollment face image whose identity is being claimed (Li & Jain, 2011). A distinctive application of this mode is person verification for self served immigration clearance using E-passport (Li & Jain, 2011). On the other hand, face identification encompasses one-to-many matching that compares a face in ...

Customer Information Table

This is normalization of customer information and customer check_out tables to their third normal form. Normalization is an important concept in database construction since it helps in reduction of redundancy and anomalies in tables. From the two tables, it is clear that they are in their third normal form. It all starts with taking all the data attribute to unnormalized form as it is from the presented information. It is from the unnormalised form that data gets invest to first normal form. This serves to identify all repeating groups and eliminate them. Also it involves the identification of ...

Introduction

The language of scientific English varies within different stages in education. As one moves from pre- unit through primary, secondary and finally tertiary level, the degree of scientific language use shifts from a simpler manner to a complex level. The change is from the form of genre used, level of technical language employed, the lexical density, abstraction, nominalisation, information organization, interpersonal representation and lastly the use of visual aids. The paper analyzes this dynamic through all the levels of education.

Genres

There is a shift in the types of genre involving language of scientific English used at different learning levels. It changes from ...

While I am aware the health care system and hospitals already face enough problems with budgeting and caring for patients, the inter-hospital politics threaten to disrupt whatever cohesion is still felt by the varying members of the medical community. Nurses, in particular, have an especially hard job, their duties falling somewhere between doctor and assistant, while receiving neither the pay or slack of either. The micro politics inherent in the health care industry can, often, impede the ability of the nurse to maintain a balanced work/life setting, as well as prevent them from caring for the patient in the best ...