Essays on Nucleation

Question #1: Graphical illustration of energy changes during the formation of the nucleus in homogeneous solidification phenomenon.

The solidification phenomenon of a metal starts with the formation of nuclei in a liquid melt, the nuclei forms a stable nuclei in the same melt, and finally formation of the solidified structure of grained crystals. The structure is illustrated in the following diagrams. Figure 1. Solidification process

Question #2: Comparison between homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation

In the homogenous nucleation, the nuclei are synthesized from metal solidifying atoms. In heterogeneous nucleation, the nucleating agents are the impurity atoms as well as the container surfaces

Question #3: Production of large silicon single crystals

The large silicon single crystals are generated by the use of pure silicon seed crystals in a silicon melt in the Czochralski process.

Question #4: What are a metal alloy and solid solution?

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Abstract

The study of tiny particles and their applications have emerged as an important area of research in recent years. In particular, magnetic nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention due to their unique properties that make the particles useful in numerous applications. Accordingly, the present review investigates the synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles. The introduction section examines recent advances in nanotechnology and explains the significance of magnetic nanoparticles in scientific research. The section on results and discussion presents the findings of various researchers with a focus on the magnetic properties, synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles. ...

Gold Nanoparticles Article Summaries.

Original Article Summary: Turkevich, Stevenson, & Hillier, 1951. In their 1951 article, Turkevich, Stevenson, and Hillier explore the nucleation processes and growth of colloidal gold nanoparticles during synthesis under different methods. The paper explores the standard preparation methods of colloidal gold which all use a nucleating agent which usually comprises reducing agents that later form a mixed polymer with a chloroauric ion before reduction to the nucleus occurs. The authors of this paper explore gold colloids synthesis methods such as Bredig’s electrical arc synthesis, the Faraday method, and reduction methods using acetone, tannin gold solution, oxalic acid, Hydroxylamine hydrochloride, ...

Introduction

There are different perspectives that are being peddled concerning fracture processes, this has led to confusion on what actually this term means. In this review, a deeper understanding is sort by analyzing different aspects of the nomenclature of the fracture process. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the failure processes several aspects are put in consideration key among them will be discussed below and include; the energy of fracture, macroscopic structure path and microscopic fracture mechanisms.

Energy to Break

The toughness of a material is the measure of the absorbed energy during and before fracture. The toughness of the material ...

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An earthquake is any seismic event that causes seismic waves. These can be caused by human activity or natural causes. For example, fracking often causes earthquakes which are human caused. Earthquakes often shake or displace the ground or surface of the earth near the epicenter and if the displaced earth is under the ocean, it will usually cause a tsunami. Most earthquakes are caused by geological faults but they can also be caused by landslides, mine blasting, and volcanic activity. Earthquakes are measured by overserving seismometers that are set up across the globe in strategic places for ...