Essays on Oncogenes

Cancer is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Every year, various types of cancer kill millions of people. The problem of cancer disease is unique because of its complexity and importance to humankind. Cancers affect all segments of the population, causing enormous damage to society. Although malignant tumors are extremely diverse and complex for the perception, the risk factors and mechanisms of development of cancer are well known enough so that it becomes possible not only to heal, but also to engage in cancer prevention. Cancer is the most difficult and dangerous disease, since it can ...

Q1. Explain the regulation of the cell cycle

Every cell is regulated by particular checkpoints to ensure that the daughter cells are exact duplications. This is to help guarantee that cell mutations are not passed on to the next generation of cells. In eukaryotic cells, there are three main checkpoints. These are points at which cell replication can be halted until certain conditions are met (Boundless, 2016). The first checkpoint is near the end of the G1 phase. It is here that DNA gets evaluated and checked for damage. If damage has occurred, it either gets corrected or gets prevented from moving on to the next phase ( ...

Introduction

Research in lung cancer treatment can save lives and improve a patient’s quality of life. There are three main types of lung cancer: Non-small cell, small cell, and lung carcinoid cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer, such as Squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma make up about 85% of all lung cancers (Molina, Yang, Cassivi, Schild, & Adjei, 2008). Both environmental and genetic factors are significant in the cause of lung cancer. Chronic exposure to carcinogens, ionizing radiation, and viral infections can lead to alterations of the DNA in tissue lining the bronchial epithelium of the lungs. Furthermore, ...