Essays on Orthodoxy

Arianism

Throughout its entire history, the Christian church has been facing lots of challenges that threaten the unity of the Church and its main injunctions. The leaders of Christians tried to end any manifestation of the ideas that were in contrast to the original form of religion, as they believed such thoughts were coming from the devil. Such false doctrines were called heresies, and some of them represented such a threat to the Church that they were becoming a matter of discussions on the high level councils of the leaders of the Christian church. The heretic ideas of Arius began ...

Proposal

The world had always been full of different religious beliefs, because there is probably no universal explanation of the origins of human creation. Since the ancient times, we all needed a symbol of faith and of the existence of the judge, who sees everything, thus, is always eager to price, or to punish. Depending to the extent to which we’ve followed his commandments. The two religions: Islam and Christianity are highly different, and their followers are people, whose worldview differs from the other. It makes the two different religions mystically connected, and creates a view of the existence ...

Article in business

Abstract The economic depression that was experienced globally affected many financial markets and institutions. In attempting to mitigate the effects of the economic depression, different players used different approaches citing different reasons. This paper will look at a particular theorist in economics and his contributions to some of the approaches used by different countries to deals with the issue of economic depression. In doing so, the paper will analyze the contribution of Keynes while striking relevance to the global economic recession. The dispute between Keynes and what he called orthodoxy was based on the reservations he expressed on the ...

John Maynard Keynes is considered one of the greatest economists of the 20th century. He wrote the General Theory of Employment Interest and Money. Sheehan considers it the most important contribution to economists in recent history. He proposed policy prescriptions for saving the capitalist system from both the scourge of communism and saved it from itself. His contribution aided in driving policy after the Great Depression and the economic downturn of the 1930s. He furthered the idea that the free-market had no solutions to the sustained economic downturn. The old ways of reducing interest rates and old policy prescriptions ...

Management

Introduction Evans (2011) has described the torturous and frustrating series of negotiations that occurred between the USA and Iran over the issue of capping of Iran’s nuclear program in exchange of lifting of sanctions. The negotiation process reflects the tenets and concepts necessary for negotiating across cultures as highlighted by Lewicki, Barry & Saunders (2015).

Summary

Evans (2011) traces the difficulties in the current negotiations on the nuclear issue between the USA and Iran to a number of factors. He attributes the 1953 Coup of Iran and the 1979 hostage crisis that manifested in the 1979 Islamic Revolution as landmark ...

Final Essay:

Explain East Asian moral theory and practice. East Asian moral theory and practice derives heavily from Confucianism, which is a way of thinking that focuses much on several moral aspects. Confucianism in itself possesses key tenets on maintaining a moral life, ensuring propriety at all times, determining behavioral patterns and providing directions in everyday life and in society through a sensible set of guidelines. Thus, it is important to study Confucian moral theory and practice in further understanding societal virtues in East Asia, particularly as it provides communities and society with a set of basic structures, grants adequate orientation to people as ...

Jewish Reform and Conservative Movements

Aside from Christianity and Islam, Judaism can be considered one of the oldest religions still practiced and worshiped today. Its history traces back since the early centuries and like Christianity and Islam, Judaism is known for its monotheistic faith. Much like its counterparts, Judaism has grown significantly throughout the years, establishing societies and communities adhering to the laws subscribed by its sacred text. However, as years progress, there are instances where some of the religion’s traditions and customs are clashing with the modern times. Some Jews recognized this problem and proposed for changes in the faith, but others ...

Introduction

The trinity has always been a matter of debate among spiritual circles, eliciting violence in some instances in the past. The main issue of controversy fueling this debate is the divinity of Jesus Christ. Arianism was one of the notable heretical teachings of the past that threatened the Christian church. This belief challenged the core tenet of the orthodoxy regarding the divinity of Jesus Christ. This view held that Jesus was a creation of God and as such did not possess the divine substance of the Father. The Arian view was majorly advanced by Arius, a Libyan, born around 256 A.D. He ...

The term Orthodox establishes a special doctrine in religion. The early Christian Church faced criticism, persecution, and perilous times during its foundation in that era. The early Christians remained firm in their faith that God is the only creator of the universe and that Jesus Christ is the only savior of humanity. It was the duty of the believers in this era to evangelize and many people followed this faith. The early Christian Church adhered to the liturgy in the Old Testament of the Bible. The establishment of the Biblical text did not attract rivals and this led to its ...

Islam in African History

Islam in African History

Introduction: Islam came into Africa through two paths. One from the east and the other from the north. Islam crossed through vast empty spaces when coming from east and north. The Indian Ocean and the deserts of Sahara are often considered barriers. However, they turned out to be the best transmitters of religious influence. If we talk about Islamic influence in Egypt, it got extended in three directions. The Islamic influence spread through the Red Sea to the eastern coastal areas, going through the Nile valley to the Sudan, and across the western ...

Does market Democracy offer an attractive reconciliation between Classical Liberalism and High Liberalism?

A market democracy is also known as democratic capitalism or capitalist democracy. This is defined as a social, political and economic system that is a tripartite kind of arrangement. It is an economy that is market and democratically based. Here, the government gives economic incentives through fiscal policies and free markets. On the other hand, classical liberalism is defined as an ideology and philosophy that belongs to the liberalism school of thought. It emphasizes secure freedom of individuals that has a limited kind of government. In this kind of liberalism, the government does not have much power or control. The power is ...

The Code of Hammurabi – it is one of the oldest monuments in the sphere of ​​legislation. It is a black basalt pillar on which cuneiform inscriptions on the classic Babylonian dialect of Akkadian are located, which include two hundred eighty-two articles from various areas of law. The Code of Hammurabi was created by the king of Babylon Hammurabi, who reigned in round 1793-1750 years BC and made Babylon the biggest cultural, economic and political center of Asia Minor of those times. The Code of Hammurabi – is one of the most important sources of the ancient Babylonian law and of the ...

An overview

Introduction In simplest of words, theology is the study of religions and religious beliefs. Some scholars choose to call it the science of deities and divinity. But atheistic scholars do not very much approve of theology as a viable branch of study or ‘science’. Nevertheless, theology has been helping religious people understand, follow and even reform their religions with time. The great theologians in history have acted like a guiding star to bring changes in religious beliefs and rituals. And in the course of past several centuries, the major religions in the world have been modified mainly because of these ...

Introduction

Reformation was a powerful religious movement aimed at reforming the teaching and the organization of the Christian Church, which originated in Germany in the beginning of the XVI century. It spread rapidly across Europe and led to the separation of Roman Catholic Church and the formation of a new form of Christianity - Protestantism. Reformation movement was of great importance for the history of Europe, and for the history of the world as a whole. In the Middle Ages, the whole society was strictly subordinated to the Church, which had a strong influence on the social structure of European countries. The social structure of ...

Abstract

In today’s economic climate, everyone has an opinion about policy reactions to the current world recession and aftermath of the financial crash. I do not see where government austerity has the potential to bring about the immediate changes that stimulus spending would. We are now trapped in a cycle where an unstable economic environment has made liquid assets more valuable than capital investments. This is not going to change until unemployment levels rise and that is not going to happen without capital investments. It is a catch 22. Austerity makes the problem worse, it adds unemployment by cutting programs and ...

- Discuss the impact of science on the rise of conventional medicine. Briefly contrast alternative modern and alternative traditional approaches in CAM. Alternative modern approaches include homeopathy and naturopathy while alternative traditional approaches include ayurveda, traditional healing, and acupuncture. Homeopathy is the treatment using substances from plants, animals, or minerals. Homeopathic remedies can be purchased as over the counter products. Naturopathy operates on the principle that “nature has a healing power” and promotes treatments that are most natural and non-invasive. This include herbal supplements. Both homeopathy and naturopathy originated in Germany in the 18th century. In comparison, the traditional ...

Arguably, western civilization began many years ago and traces its main roots to Mediterran and European classical Antiquity. As a matter of fact, the Western civilization that was witnessed many years ago has tremendous influence in the life of people today. The western civilization has a crucial link with the western roman empire, which emerged from feudalism. There are various historical episodes and events that took place in the Western nations that marked the occurrence of western civilization. This occurrence include the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation, as well as religious wars. It is worth noting that the western civilization has led ...

Introduction

A well performing shopping mall should fundamentally have proper Indoor Environment Quality. The importance of a high proper Indoor Environment Quality cannot be underscored any more. Significant costs go into creating a high proper Indoor Environment Quality in shopping malls. This energy is used for processes like cooling and ventilation in order to get rid of the high internal gains in heat from electrical appliances, equipment and people. In the recent past, architects have explored the potential for natural ventilation in building spaces (Bauer, MöSle, & Schwarz, 2010, pp.71) Following up on their advances, architects have applied natural ventilation in ...

Question 1

Benjamin Wadsworth in his treatise, A Well Ordered Family, describes what the Puritan society deems to be the most ideal composition of the family. He begins by explaining the need for unity between a husband and his wife, which must be founded on love for one another. Up to this point, he captures the very essence of all types of families throughout history, whereby both men and women endeavored to be each other’s companions and, by extension, helpers. One of the most luminous figures of American history that epitomizes this concept is Eleanor Roosevelt. She was the wife of ...

Many of what the Greeks were able to bring into existence during the ancient Greek civilization is still with us today. The current forms Democratic governments owe its origin to the Greek civilization. The great architectural designs and structures draw their inspiration and teachings from the ancient Greek architects. Some of the buildings and the empire structures constructed during the period are still in existence presently.

History of the civilization

The Greek civilization began as early as the first centaury with the most notable development in the fourth and fifth centaury BCE. During this period, the Greek civilization experienced great achievements in military ...

SHORT SUMMARY

Jesus of Nazareth was a Palestine Jew who grew up in Galilee, an important center of the militant Zealots and resistance to the rule of the Romans and their local collaborators like the Herodians and the Temple priests in Jerusalem. Contrary to later interpretations, his original message was not intended to undermine the traditional Jewish religion, but to emphasize that the Kingdom of God was at hand and that his disciples should love God and one another. His commandments were for the Jews to love the Lord their God with all their heart, soul, mind and strength and to love ...

Introduction

Scholars and historians have always speculated the significance of the 19th century and all the events that happened within that period to religion, particularly Christianity. According to a review conducted by a group of researchers from the U.S., the 19th century was indeed a significant period for religion (Rosenberg 1973, 3). Pair the events that occurred within the whole 19th century and the events that occurred from the start until the end of the renaissance period, and that could be a very strong formula that could clarify most, if not all, puzzles and mysteries associated with religion and its development.

The objective of this ...

The Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) is considered one of the most influential and greatest dynasties in Chinese history due to its four hundred year old reign and role as the foundation of Chinese culture. The establishment of the Han Dynasty began when peasants started to revolt against the Qin dynasty, which lost most of its power by the death of Qin Emperor Shi Huangdi. With the Rebellion gradually removing the Qin Dynasty officials, two rebel groups emerged for the throne: Xiang Yu and Liu Bang. Liu Bang managed to defeat Xiang Yu and took over the Dynasty by ...

Summary of text

In Eberle and Cuneo's "Religion and Political Theory," the authors seek to explore the role of religion in an increasingly liberal democratic, secular political world. At the same time, religion seems to be increasing in scope and influence in the political spectrum, with religious pluralism instead of strict atheism driving political decisions. The relationship between three distinct groups in the political world is explored - the standard view of politics, the liberal perspective, and the advocates of a philosophy known as New Traditionalism.

In the standard view of politics, religion drives many political decisions. According to political theorists, "religious reasons ...

Abstract

Multilateral organizations, such the International Monetary Fund, play a major role in our society, working in the areas of technical and financial assistance through structural adjustments in developing countries, as well as funding and sector-specific policy guidance. This domain has an inherent dynamism, and must be understood by analyzing the historical trajectory of these organizations and understanding that their actions are guided by the ideology that sustains the society we live in, which is rooted in the capitalist mode of production. This led me to ask the simple question: to what extant has the IMF been a force for good in ...

The 20th century, in contradiction to the Secularization Thesis that was exceedingly popular in the end of the 19th-first half of the 20th century, was not marked by total disappearance of religion as a power significantly influencing human life. All the other way, not only traditional world religions like Christianity and Islam continue to play an important role in human society, but scores of new religions and cults, or new religious movements as they are usually called now, keep on appearing, finding their followers, merging, dividing and borrowing elements one from another and so on. In such an atmosphere it ...

Task:

Trans-boundary policy problem is a crisis resulting from set of rules that defines the clear cut in a boundary between two separate entities. The fight between two countries on the exact boundary line is the best example of this policy problem. Some water resources lie at the border of two countries and it becomes difficult in making the correct boundary line. Learning this helps us enhance our knowledge on how such cases arise and how they are addressed (Blatter 14).

Pro-modern ontology entails the comparison and approximation of objects to its perfect form. The best example of pre-modern onto.ogy is the ...

Women of the Bible

The book Women of the Bible was written by Elizabeth Candy Stanton and a group of other twenty six women and remains an inspirational piece to many people today. It was published back in eighteen ninety five and eighteen ninety eight. Basically, the book is not what it seems and it’s not anything like a new conversion of the Bible with women's viewpoint in mind (Stanton 18). Particularly, it is an anthology of diverse and perceptive early feminist Biblical condemnation. The main aim or objective behind the writing and production of the book was generally to defy the traditional ...