Essays on Outbreak

The role of community health nurses in ensuring population’s health cannot be understated. These healthcare professionals are usually tasked with seeing to it that all the safety and quality of the health care and the needs of a particular population have been thoroughly addressed. For them to achieve this objective, they ought to have a proper understanding of disease histories, symptoms and the presenting characteristics which may indicate that an outbreak has occurred. Therefore, this realization requires health practitioners to take the center stage in seeing to it that the patterns of such a disease are kept on ...

Claim

The premature deaths of middle-aged Americans arise from many cases of suicide, an outbreak of liver diseases, regular use of painkillers as well as the overdose of drugs.

Part B

Based on the following sources the claim is true because the researchers of the articles consulted have given adequate attention to analyzing the causes of the premature deaths of the middle-aged white Americans. According to the article, "Mortality trends among working-age whites: the untold story," it is evident that most of the middle-aged Americans tend to die prematurely because of the overdose of drugs and the outbreak of liver diseases. “causes ...

Similar to other types of emergencies, disaster planning must also take into consideration the likelihood of a flu outbreak, which may, or may not be mitigated through the use of flu shots, which have been known to be unreliable in the past. The goals and objectives of Baltimore’s Office of Sustainability involve protecting the safety, health, and welfare of the residents and visitors of the City of Baltimore (Baltimore Office of Sustainability , 2017). This paper will analyze the case study considering the options and organizations required to deal with a flu outbreak in the community, and a high ...

Risks to the Mine

The major hazards to the mines include the possibility of floods taking place in the sites, and they will lead to a stop of the mining process. Secondly, the mines are prone to gas explosions. The explosions will increase the hole, and might even lead to the prevention of further mining (Khan, et al. 2004). Thirdly, the mines might face chemical leakage, an act that may cause decomposition of rocks and depletion of the important resources in mines. Moreover, mines are prone to dust, that will lead to blocking of the extraction process, by occupying the region, or causing ...

Introduction

The Ebola virus has existed for centuries. Like all life forms and viruses, it has been changing and adapting since the beginning of time to survive. Despite this the disease did not make itself known until the twentieth century. However, once the virus revealed itself only three major outbreaks have occurred. There were two in 1976 and one which took started in 2014 (CDC, 2015). The latest outbreak has been the longest and worst, effecting numerous countries such as, Mali, Nigeria, Liberia and Senegal in West Africa (CDC, 2015). This paper will look at the scientific aspects of the ...

The Greek islands have many opportunities for travelers, and it has become one of the most sought-after vacation spots in the world. These islands are historic for their beauty, with many worldwide travelers coming here for centuries for what th”ey believe to be healing properties. Recent visitors may or may not believe in healing waters or sun powers, but they are interested in a chance to be spoiled, get away, and enjoy the island’s vast natural offerings, as well as the luxuries of the sister islands and the ocean. Mykonos, part of the Cyclades island chain, is ...

In this case, there is a report of a mysterious outbreak which has affected a dozen people with one in critical condition and one fatality. All involved are said to have attended the same event, and they developed symptoms almost 24 hours later. Symptoms of the affected have been presented. Nobody appears to know the cause of the outbreak. To find answers and solutions to these problems, some questions need to be asked and answered. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends some of the questions asked should include demographic details including occupation, clinical details (onset, symptoms, severity, and duration), ...

Questions and Answers

Questions and Answers

Question 1

Answer The two nations selected in the study include the United States and China. In the two countries, the government provides funds for health services. Therefore, in the budget for each of the nations selected, there is an allocation of funds onto the health financing initiative. In the United States, the execution of such funding comes through the programs like Medicare or Medicaid (Reeves, 2015). In addition, the insurance plans exist. In China, there is governmental funding and insurance policies alone. In both nations, the financing health insurance has various impacts on the economy. For example, ...

The influenza outbreak of 1919 had an adverse impact to the New York state as the pandemic killed thousands of its population. It was estimated that in New York City alone, the death rate reached 4.7 for every 1,000 individuals. Nationally, the US had an approximate number of 675, 000 deaths, which is ten times the number of death due to military encounters during WWI. The world suffered from 20 to 40 million deaths because of the outbreak making it the world’s most devastating pandemic in history. Nevertheless, despite the presence of such technologies, the possibility of ...

Pandemics and epidemics are terms related to the outbreak of any disease on a large

scale, anywhere in the world. Any society, community or locality can be affected by the outbreak of a disease at a particular time, which may cause death or result in a large population of people becoming critically ill. Any outbreak of a disease can last from days and even remain for years. This will depend on the intensity, kind of disease and extent of the outbreak. A disease of such nature, which affects a lot of people simultaneously, can be considered contagious. It might also be a new kind of disease, which might be previously unknown to the population ...

Introduction

The situation is getting out of control at Good Health Hospital (Tampa Bay) since the outbreak of Escherichia coli, a specie of bacteria that can be found in many daily items. The incident involved Ward 10, which is located in the second floor. A recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) stated that the investigation of the bacterial source must begin with the hospital kitchen as the bacterium can be transmitted through contaminated vegetables and delicatessen meats (e.g. salami and other cold cuts). The Epidemiological Summary provides a brief description of the data obtained. Environmental review ...

Fostering Successful Emergency Planning

Fostering a successful emergency plan ensures that the plan focuses on intensive training and exercises. In doing so, the plan reinforces emergency preparedness for a number of potential emergencies. The exercises that emergency planners can create to test their plans include trial or testing through prototypes and operations, rehearsing the plan and explaining the plan to others and memorizing it (‎Perry, 2016). The best way to access emergencies is through trials. I believe this is true because when accessing emergency systems using trial, one bases the trial on socialist systems. The use of socialist systems in responding to emergencies ...

Excavations have timely revealed the traces of many diseases such as Tuberculosis in Egyptian Mummies indicating that they originated in ancient Egypt. Similarly, smallpox rushes were found on three mummies suggesting that smallpox might also have originated in ancient Egypt. However, the earliest written record of a disease that appears to be smallpox appeared in China, India, and Asia in the 4th Century CE, 7th century, and 10th century respectively. However, smallpox is also associated with major plagues that happen many years ago without clear identification such as the plague of Athens and the Antonine plague. The spread of ...

The Map of Haiti and others countries in the Caribbean

Haiti Acknowledgement This Cholera Proposal would not be having been possible without the support of “the Hinckley Institute at the University of Utah who gives me opportunity to serve the world and to see the good in the world. I am grateful to those who provided guidance and support during my internship at Medical Care Development International from ministry of health in Haiti (MSPP) I’m thankful my best Dr. Benavente Louis for his valuable contributions to this proposal. I’m thankful to Dr. Pablo Paolo and for Dr Jeff Wendell their leadership support of my research for this ...

In order to prevent the transmission of cryptosporidium to the public via public drinking water systems, various surveillance systems and regulations have been implemented hitherto, in order to increase the treatment of surface water supplies. Among these techniques is the molecular surveillance for the presences of cryptosporidium in water using PCR which resulted following the cryptosporidium outbreak in Milwaukee Wisconsin in 1993 (Johnson, et al., 1995). The outbreak resulted in effective systems being implemented to improve the quality of water treatment globally as Mac Kenzie, et al., (1994) observes. Guerrant, (1997) documents the onset of validation studies in Milwaukee ...

What factors inhibited the early war against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

There was the lack of information to the public; in essence, the CDC did not communicate the correct information to the public. Many people assumed that the disease was for gay people yet the disease affected everyone. For instance, owners of the public bathrooms did not see the importance of closing the baths down yet they were a threat to the health of the public, (And The Band Played On 1993, 1993). The disease is also a rare one, and it did not have a name in the first place. It was quite difficult to establish the causative agent ...

Introduction

Zika virus also termed as ZIKV is a known to have gained worldwide attention, especially in the USA, South East Asia, and Australia. The Zika belongs to the Flaviviridae family which comes under the genus Flavivirus (Wikan & Smith. 2016). The Zika virus is spread though day time mosquitoes belonging to the Aedes family. Some of the most common mosquitoes to contain and spread Zika include A. aegypti and A. albopictus. The name of Zika originated in 1947 where it was first isolated from the Zika forest in Uganda. Based on evidence, the Zika virus was associated with varying viral ...

Food-borne Illness

Food is the basic necessity of every human being. It has evolved into many forms, making it easier for people and animals to consume them. However, there are still circumstances wherein food can cause not only harm to people, but also deaths. One way by which this can occur, is through food-borne illnesses and diseases. Food-borne illness, or more commonly known as food poisoning, is an illness that is caused by consuming food that are contaminated with bacteria and chemicals (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015).

Food-borne Disease Outbreaks

Food-borne illnesses are conditions that people should not take lightly because though ...

Ebola virus disease, formerly described as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, refers to a severe illness that is usually deadly in humans. Wild animals transmit the virus to human populations where it spreads through direct contact with infected bodily fluids. Typically, the disease has a fatality rate of nearly 50% with past outbreak cases recording fatality rates ranging between 25% and 90% (World Health Organization (WHO), 2016). For example, an Ebola epidemic in West Africa reported in 2014 caused global panic because it was “the largest and most complex Ebola outbreak since the Ebola virus was first discovered” (WHO, 2016). In ...

Measles is a highly contagious infection that is caused by the rubeola virus. Although elimination of the illness in the United States was declared in 2000, the country has reported several measles outbreak in recent years. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), most outbreaks result from importation of measles cases from countries where the infection is endemic (CDC, 2014a). Indeed, CDC notes that most outbreaks in the US are caused by unvaccinated Americans who travel to countries with high incidences of measles. In view of this, the current paper analyzes the 2014/2015 measles outbreak in ...

The communicable disease causes the State substantial funds. Hudson County has taken the initiative to put measures to counter any outbreak of communicable disease. Foodborne illness was reported in New Jersey City. This was a result of consumption of contaminated beverage or food. NJDOH (The New Jersey Department of HealthNJDOH) received reports on the outbreak of the disease. CDC have noted that about 76 million of American get sick, 300000 hospitalized and about 5000 succumb to the disease every year. The nationwide trends show the prevalence of the communicable disease within the city as compared with other cities. Research ...

Between 19th October and 1st December 2015, the CDC reported an outbreak of the Escherichia coli O26 (STEC 026) in Delaware, California, Illinois, Oregon, Kentucky, Maryland, Minnesota, Washington, New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio. The CDC linked the outbreak to Chipotle Mexican Grill restaurants.

The intestinal symptoms of E. coli infection show up within the first five days after infection and may include:

Loss of appetite Gas Nausea Vomiting Fatigue Sudden watery diarrhea that may turn to bloody stool Cramping of the abdomen Fever In severe cases, the skin becomes pale, urine in blood, a decrease in urine output, and dehydration (Pietrangelo and Kim). Infected people per state include Another short outbreak of a different strain of STEC O26 ...

Tuberculosis is a serious bacterial infection that is usually spread from one individual to the other by inhalation of very small droplets originating from the sneezes or coughs of an infected person. The bacteria that causes TB is known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Kelly, Wilker, & Ambrose, 2011, p. 14). The main organ affected by the disease is the lungs (also called pulmonary tuberculosis) but it can also affect bones, the nervous system, and the glands. Each droplet of sneeze may contain between 1 to 400 bacilli each. Because the disease is airborne, the bacterium can also be transmitted to a ...

Introduction

First, they suspected the food prepared for the birthday party to be the cause of the outbreak. It turned out that it was a waterborne disease, a norovirus. Waterborne disease can easily affect children who come in contact with the contaminated water. The swim club manager seemed not very much cooperative during the initial outbreak; but the VHD investigators needed the cooperation of the swim club manager in identifying the real cause of the outbreak. Later, the manager told them that other persons not invited to the February 1 birthday party (members of an infant-mother swim class) got sick ...

Answers to the questions

1.Analyze how nationalism and militarism contributed to the outbreak of World War I. Use historical examples to support your answer. Of the various causes of World War I, which do you think was the most important and why? 1. It is a well-known fact that World War I was a result of certain decisions taken by the leading figures of five different countries, namely Austria-Hungary, Russia, Britain, France and Germany. The character, structure and sequence of the principal events depended on these great powers and their powerful regimes. When looking at their primary concerns, motivation and agendas, one should ...

A 10-Step Hypothetical Outbreak Investigation and Response Model

[Author Name] [Author Affiliation] [Author’s notes with more information about affiliations, financial obligations, conflicts of interest and how to contact]

Managing Communicable Disease and Risk

After a suspected outbreak of a new strain of influenza virus among workers at the nation’s largest airport, a series of steps must be completed in order to confirm and manage the situation. Advice from the CDC in 2012 should be taken into consideration during this process; message mapping, priority communication, accuracy, credibility, empathy, providing action steps and, overall, a show of respect is vital to the process (CDC, 2012). Referring to the H1N1 pandemic response in ...

Mass conscription refers the compulsory recruitment of the public to military service. In other words, conscription refers to the ability of established authorities to influence and mobilize the armies and the public of conflicting powers to engage in wars with their rivals. The act dates back to the ancient times and it continues to date in some countries. The authorities involved in the conscription also influence the ability of the military to win the wars by forcing a large number of the army to take part in the fights involuntarily. This type of influence has contributed to the outbreak ...

The First World War was a global war that originated from the European countries and involved approximately seventy million military soldiers. The war lasted for a period of four years as it started on 28th July 1914 and ended on 11th November 1918 leading to the death of over seven million civilians and nine million combatants, making it one of the deadliest wars in history. During this period, more than thirty countries declared war against each other with the main participants being two European central powers. One party consisted of Russia, Serbia, Britain, France, United States and Italy. The ...

Norovirus in Vermont

On the 3rd of February 2004, the Vermont Department of Health (VDH) was advised of a few people who had severe gastroenteritis in the wake of going to a private indoor swimming facility over the previous weekend (Podewils et al. 2007, p. 827). Reported side effects were intense onset retching, looseness of the bowels, and sickness and by and large happened inside 12–36 h of going to the office and kept going up to 2 days (Hall et al. 2011). A far-reaching investigation and assessment of the pools and pool support frameworks were led by the Vermont Department ...

Developing a Surveillance and Monitoring Program

What action can you take when an outbreak is reported close to home? Background SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by the SARS Coronavirus. Coronaviruses are mostly found in poultry with only a few strains hosted by humans. In the past, Coronaviruses only caused mild flu infections. However, in recent years, the coronaviruses SARS and MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) have been associated with causal problems for acute respiratory conditions. Further scientific reports have shown that SARS Coronavirus is a new mutant strain origination from animal hosts (Chan & Chan, 2013).

Symptoms

SARS symptoms include ...

The Frontline program, “The Trouble with Antibiotics” describes the agricultural use of antibiotics and how bacteria such as KPC, NDM1 and MRSA are becoming resistant to antibiotics used to treat human illness. According to the film, by far the largest user of antibiotics is not in the health industry, but the farming industry which raises animals for meat and eggs. The use of antibiotics in this industry promotes faster animal growth, and protects and protects herds and flocks against disease, which would spread rapidly in the crowded conditions employed in animal raising. Approximately 70% of global antibiotic use occurs ...

According to the World Health Organisation, Measles is a highly contagious viral disease that affects humans. The disease is spread through direct contact with an infected individual, coughing or sneezing, and direct contact with infectious body fluids (World Health Organization, 2016). Between 2013 and 2015, there was a measles outbreak in Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, and Vanuatu. In Solomon Islands, the disease was first reported in July 2014, after a return traveler from Papua New Guinea was discovered to be suffering from the disease. According to the World Health Organization, the measles outbreak started in Papua New Guinea ...

The level of community preparedness in regards to the management of disasters is an important step in making sure that such a population is protected from possible negative effects that may result in the process. Floods have been established to the commonest natural disasters in the United States and as such, there is the need for having in place measures that will ensure that the condition is properly addressed. Flooding occurs when water overflows to dry land and may happen up to only a few inches high or completely cover a particular locality (Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2016). This ...

Detailed Outline

I. Abstract

A. Brief summary of the project

What is Ebola Where Ebola originated and the causes for it In this respect, J. Boulton states that Ebola was “up until now a little known tropical disease”. (Boulton, 2015) The purpose is to show why the Ebola has evolved from the unknown disease to an epidemic that swept all over Africa and threatened the rest of the world.

Studies conducted on Ebola and why they are important.

II. Introduction Ebola is a dangerous disease, also known as Ebola virus disease(EVD) or Ebola hemorrhagic fever. It is caused in humans by ebolaviruses. The main symptoms of the disease involve vomiting and diarrhea as well as ...

The Nurse’s Role during an Infectious or Communicable Disease Outbreak

Nurses have a crucial role in the management of all forms of diseases in a hospital setting. However, there are instances when they are called upon to the field to apply their expertise in managing the spread of the diseases at the community level through clinical interventions such as vaccinations. Nurses are very important human resource personnel in the health sector, and thus there is the need to recognize their efforts in making the world a better place. The paper shall discus the study a pattern of a communicable disease and the role of nurses in managing its outbreak ...

Post 1

Hi, measles is a widespread medical problem that has affected numerous nations such as France and the USA. Recently, France encountered a measles outbreak between 2008 and 2011 that resulted in increased efforts to combat the disease outbreak. That would explain why the immunization rates in France rose to the United States level. The performance of America does not imply that there are no cases of measles only that they have managed to control the illness for the larger part of the population. Currently, America has encountered less than 1000 cases of measles compared to the thousands that are ...

Increasing temperatures, rising sea levels, erratic rainfall, deadly tsunamis, flooding, wildfires, heat waves, shrinking glaciers, and droughts are some visible highlights of a much debated global problem, i.e., the global warming. The problem is so severe that scientists, environmentalists, geographers, government officials, and various national and international tribunals huddle together time-to-time to embark on a sustainable solution to this issue. Nonetheless, the predicament persists putting everything (human beings, animals, birds, societies, environmental resources) in the soup. This paper discusses the impacts of global warming and the efficacy of solutions that are being implemented at national and global levels. Taking ...

Application of Epidemiology – Case Study

Application of Epidemiology – Case Study

Information Summative

The statistical analysis of the Good Health Hospital’s medical records reveals the progression of Escherichia coli infection among four hospitalized patients who reported bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting and nausea, loss of appetite, flatulence and pyrexia since last week. The summary of these cases presented below in the context of their further analysis. The findings by the CDC revealed that the E. coli manifestations emanated among the affected patients after consuming the spoiled food items attributing to meats and vegetables.

Background Information (Indicating the Requirement of Further Investigation)

Georgia Department of Public Health (GDPH) describes various nosocomial infections reported within a ...

(Case Study Report)

Part 1

Question 1. A. What are the key steps of the investigation of an outbreak? According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, epidemiologists follow a systematic approach in order to pull off a “quick and clean” outbreak investigation (CDC, 2012). The following procedure includes the ideal system in carrying out an outbreak investigation: (1) field work preparation, (2) confirm the existence of the reported outbreak, (3) vet the current diagnosis, (4) conduct a working definition of the case, (5) start recording individual cases, (6) apply descriptive epidemiology, (7) construct a hypothesis, (8) verify the hypothesis, ( ...

Despite great advances in medicine like the vaccine or the external artificial heart, it is easy for forget that all it takes in one microscopic bug to unravel our entire society. This catastrophe is depicted in the 2014 film Contagion. This science fiction thriller follows the events of a global pandemic and the societal effects of a calamity of this scale. Our heroes, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) to the World Health Organization (WHO) must race against the incredibly high rate of transmission. The epidemiological process is performed over the course of four months from the first day ...

In the last years of the 1970s, there was global concern over the discovery of a deadly virus that resulted in outbreaks of a hemorrhagic fever in West Africa (Peters & LeDuc, 1999). The high rate of death and the contagious nature of the disease was a cause of concern to the international medical community and researchers combined efforts to discover the cause, etiology, effective therapies, and methods of control of what would come to be known as the Ebola virus. Although there have been few cases reported outside West Africa, the potential for the spread of the disease prompts ...

Iriye argues that the reason why war broke out between the United States and Japan in Asia was because Japan wanted to end its ‘cold war’ policy with the United States so that war would define all political and cultural activities that the Japanese government was pursuing at the time. This essay will argue that along the lines of Iriye’s arguments that a failed effort between the United States and Japan to maintain a peaceful, but hostile, relationship culminated in a Pacific war. There will be an examination of different arguments as to which country, or countries, were ...

Nemesis, a novel by Philip Roth, gives a protagonist view of what is good, and what is wrong in the lives of human beings. Moreover, the novel gives an opposing view on a religious basis, but the antagonism is set in a virtual or imaginary basis, as the main character, Bucky, contradicts the view of others by supernatural eventualities. Moreover, Bucky is faced with vast guilt that alienated him from his life (Roth 21). Apparently, the author depicts that Bucky has poor eyesight and natural defect that makes him unfit to serve his country during the World War 2. ...

Definition:

Ebola virus, well known for its hemorrhagic effects produced inside as well as outside of body. This virus progresses with bleeding, which leads to organ failure and if not treated properly can also cause death. ("Ebola virus and Marburg virus - Mayo Clinic", 2016). Ebola is also termed as Ebola Hemorrhagic fever because of its hemorrhagic property and it is also known to cause the death of 90% effected people ("Ebola Virus: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention", 2016). There are 5 strains of this virus and four of them are known to cause deadly symptoms like hemorrhage. Ebola have its ...

1. Introduction a. The outbreaks of the Ebola virus in West Africa have generated significant concern due to the high death rate and contagious nature (Peters & LeDuc, 1999). b. Differences in the fatality rates in Ebola infection over the last decades probably are a reflection of advances in diagnostic accuracy, proficiency in acute care stages, and identification of infection sources (Laupland & Valiquette, 2014). c. Although cases are rare and primarily confined to West Africa, there is concern of a possible pandemic secondary to ease of international transport of contaminated people and goods. d. The transmission is through blood and ...

The following is the summary of the article titled, Ebola Virus Outbreak 2014: Clinical Review for Emergency Physicians. The outbreak that took place in West Africa in 2014, is one of the largest Ebola outbreak reported in the history of the disease. Ebola virus causes a serious infection that is characterized by coagulopathies and septic shock. As of today, there is no effective cure for Ebola. The management of the disease is mainly through supportive therapy. The article aims to support physicians working in areas of Ebola outbreak with the essential information about the disease management, control and prevention. ...

In his book “the Origins Of The Second World War In Europe” AJP Taylor makes the argument that the underlying causes of World War II, in contrast to popular sentiment, was the general complexity of political will and international relations at the time, rather than Hitler's dominating influence alongside Fascism and Nazi ideologies. Instead, the various powers, with their individual desires and relational struggles, embarked on the same path which nobody, not even Hitler, had wanted to pursue. Despite the devastation of the Second World War, it is difficult to pin its inception on any one individual. While Hitler ...

Question 1

Description of the outbreak Measles, a viral disease, has been established to be highly contagious mainly characterized by body rashes. The causative agent responsible for measles infects the mucous membrane then spreads out to other parts of the body. The condition can, however, be prevented by the use of vaccination. It is characterized by particular symptoms which include a runny nose, high fever, red eyes and coughs (WHO, 2016). The body rashes that usually develop on an individual who has contracted this disease begin with the head then move downwards to the body. The rashes usually appear after four ...

Endogenous opportunist Candida parapsilosis

The baby boy, Tim was prematurely born that means he had weakened immune system when he got an ear infection. During the investigation of ear infection course, it was found that baby Tim received fungal infection that may have entered the neonate during the IV insertions while earlier treatments. The gram stained blood cultures have exhibited that the pathogen was Candida parapsilosis which is an endogenous commensal flora. The further tests including CHROM-agar showed a white colony consisting of pseudohyphae confirming the presence of Candida parapsilosis. It lives on the healthy human skin. Moreover, this commensal flora is an ...

Introduction

An important indicator of the level of development of nations around the world is that of the existing policies towards healthcare, health promotion, wellness and prevention of outbreak of diseases . The preparedness of the government as well as historical records of success or failure to contain diseases and healthcare conditions help in providing an outlook on the overall healthcare condition in a nation . Sometimes it does happen that a major disease outbreak transforms into a national emergency which seeks to test present the true picture, especially when the healthcare policies and strategies are analyzed against that of a developed ...

Europe's Last Summer by David Fromkin considers the origins of World War from the perspective of the alliances Germany had formed prior to the war and how those alliances affected its entry into the war. It also examines how relatively small events (such as the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand) can spiral out of control and lead to a world war. In particular, Fromkin looks in detail at the European crisis that occurred in mid-1914 and pieces together his argument that it was Germany’s alliances and how poorly it handled its diplomatic relations which resulted in the terrible calamity ...

Introduction

The Zika virus causes an illness known as Zika virus disease (Zika). The transmission of Zika virus occurs via the bite of an Aedes mosquito that is infected (CDC, 2016). Zika belongs to the genre Flavivirus and the WHO (2015) has identified it as “an emerging mosquito-borne virus.” The virus causes a mild illness that lasts a few days to a week (CDC, 2016; WHO, 2016). Thus, many people with the disease do not seek medical help. However, the greatest concern associated with Zika is microcephaly. This birth defect results from a Zika infection during pregnancy. This defect is ...

Analysis of Diseases

Overview Chikungunya (CHIK) refers to a re-emerging arboviral disease transmitted by the mosquitos Aedes aegypty and Aedes albopictus (Pialoux 318). The virus belongs to the genus Alphavirus and family Togaviridae. The word chikungunya derives from Makonde language (spoken in Tanzania and northern Mozambique), where it means “to walk bent over” (Halstead 557). This name refers to the main feature of both chronic and acute phase of the disease a change in posture causes by the arthritis and arthralgia (Charrel, Lamballerie and Raoult 769).

History

The disease gained its name after the outbreak in Tanganyika, the modern Tanzania in 1952. However, ...

Interwar Technological Developments and Their Effect on

The Treaty of Versailles was signed on June 28, 1919 to bring an end to World War I, “the war to end all wars.” The introduction to the Treaty set forth a general plan to accomplish this objective: and honourable relations between nations by the firm establishment of the understandings of international law as the actual rule of conduct among Governments, and by the maintenance of justice and a scrupulous respect for all treaty obligations in the dealings of organised peoples with one another Agree to this Covenant Ironically, this meticulous declaration was signed by the allied and axis ...

According to Mittal, and Vikas (330), a business continuity plan is an outline that an enterprise develops about the core activities to undertake after an emergency or disastrous event happen to the organization. Let us take for instance when a company is faced with fire outbreak, the plan that it would write down to follow after the incident is a business continuity plan. It involves planning for the essential goods or services that the company can continue to offer for the market. It also sets up the departments that need to be operational as the company recovers towards the ...

Prevalence of Poverty in Haiti

The issue of poverty is a topic countries are unable to tackle fully given the complexity of the problem based on its cause and the factors that ensure its continuous persistence. Many countries have areas where development is not fully realized and only certain parts of the country benefit from development or modernization. Some countries do not have resources or training necessary to instigate development and a few cannot escape poverty easily, because they have yet to repair their infrastructure and society after being subservient to another country. In the case of the Republic of Haiti, the prevalence of ...

HCPM 341

Introduction Practice management is one of the least popular jobs among medical practitioners, probably because it leans more on the field of management than in the medical practice itself (Aluise, 2012 p.142). However, done correctly, the organization will produce the profit that is needed in order to continue providing excellent healthcare services to patients. In managing the multi-specialty group of six doctors and three mid-level providers, I will employ planning, organizing, staffing, controlling, directing, and decision-making. Planning is probably the most important of these six elements because without it, there is no order. Even if there are duties and ...

The two potential and hazardous scenarios that the authors envision for emergency management are fire and terrorism. Fire outbreak is a potential hazard that can affect every organization, company, or even private property. Fire safety is always a component of the designing and building safety. Fire can spread faster and incurs losses by consuming valuable assets, causing destruction, injuring and killing people and animals if not adequately managed. Fire accidents are one of the leading causes of loss of property and deaths in the world and fire outbreak is considered a dangerous scenario. Terrorism is another factor that puts ...

Geographically, most cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy were reported to survive within the indigenous cows. This was mainly in countries found in Europe, such as United Kingdom. It was again seen in those imported animal from Falkland as well as Oman. Also some reports were issued in Europe concerning the outcome of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in surveillance programs. According to the climatic condition, this infectious agent was found to be distinctive in temperatures above 600 degrees Celsius. It was a core contributor to the great spread of the disease in United Kingdom which had been found to reduce temperatures ...

The Ghost Map, by Steven Johnson, is a narrative that revealed how diseases spread, how cities developed and how people viewed science in 1854. Integrative thinking and the ability to make connections enabled Dr. John Snow to trace the pattern of the disease to its origin. John’s ability to make a connection between the epidemic and the water the people consumed was marvelous. It enabled him to save people’s lives. It is, therefore, important to have an open mind and think in a connective manner. This is a narrative that took place in 1854 during summer. London, ...