Essays on Packet

Introduction

Active directory (AD) is a windows domain network or Network Operating (NOS) directory mainly designed for windows server 2003 and windows 2000. Active directory therefore is directory service, which catalog information stored in an organized manner allowing access to information in the directory matching their values and names. For example, a user trying to log into a computer in a client computer in the server domain of the network, active network aid access by verifying the back end user by matching a user password and the directory domain thereby determines whether you are a system administrator or a regular ...

IT 331 Week 2

IT 331 Week 2 Describe the series of connections that would be made, equipment and protocol changes, if you connected your laptop to a wireless hotspot and opened your email program and sent an email to someone. Think of all the layers and the round trip the information will likely make. The first thing you need to do is to turn on the wireless hotspot and to search for the available Wi-Fi connections. Choose the needed one and enter the required login and password; this information acts as the encryption key that transmits traffic. Then, open the email app; ...

International Student Adjustment

Introduction International students experience a variety of adjustment concerns such as academic problems due to new educational systems, personal issues, cross-cultural problems, adjusting to new social norms. This project is specifically designed to integrate the international students. Interaction with host students and spending leisure time with American’s could be highly interrelated with international student’s perception of their relationship to American’s life. The biggest barrier considered during international student relationship was the lack of opportunity to interact socially and there is a surprising fact that many international students do not make friendship with an American friend. This ...

1 a) There is two categories of passive attacks: Traffic Analysis and release of message content. In a release of message contents attack, an eavesdropper listens and pursues information shared between two individuals. In traffic analysis attack, an eavesdropper hijacks the conversation between two parties and analysis the packets send between the two parties to find out passwords within those packets. 1b) There are four categories of active attacks: Masquerade, Replay, and modification of message and denial of service. In the first category of active attack that is the masquerade, the attacker pretends or impersonates a validly authorized entity ...

Information Security Threats

Introduction Information is one of the most important assets for many organizations, as it acts as a differentiator and provides a competitive advantage. Loss of information such as patent information, proprietary processes, or trade secrets could prove to be very detrimental to a business. While there are many threats to the information security, this report focuses on three of them, which are 1) Denial of service, 2) Privilege escalation, and 3) Backdoor. This report provides measures that address, block, or removes these threats. Information about tools, products, or services that mitigate these threats is provided in the report as ...

Part 1

Honey potting is an optimal detection method of botnets. Honeypots can be set up to listen for rogue connections and attract them (Wang et al. 2010). In today’s networks and the internet, honeypots have been successfully deployed to attract botnets and expose their membership and attacker behaviors. Honeypots are also optimal because they can be customized to increase their effectiveness depending on the use intended. For example in peer to peer networks they can be customized to emulate a node or a peer. As a security director, I would consider implementing a honeypot as a security control. Honeypots ...

Introduction

The African diaspora has resulted in a wave of “migration” of Africans from the African continent to other parts of the world. The main reason for this is the slave dispersal that moved Africans from Africa to America, the Middle East and even to the Far East. The dispersal that took place is thought to be one of the greatest forced migrations in the history of humankind (Britannia Academic: Slavery). There is always the ideology that all Africans, no matter where they find themselves around the world, are bound together by their traditional cultures and diasporic experiences. This paper ...

MANAGEMENT OF CISCO INTERNETWORK

Introduction With the advancement in modern technology in the area of microelectronics and computing there is the attendant need to share information, making information and communication the hallmark of the digital age. This development has necessitated the need to interconnect various networked electronic devices in a manner that would permit exchange of information and sharing other resources. These networked devices are mainly computers and other similar technological gadgets that make information processing possible. At the heart of this need is Cisco Systems which designs technologies and manufactures devices that enable the interconnection of networked devices for the purpose of ...

Abstract

Web servers are the building blocks of this generation distributed systems and plays a major role in the enterprise application architectures. Due to the flexibility and openness that these Web server centric computing model offers, though makes this ubiquity possible, it also opens up corporate data and processes to security threats. This paper focuses on the security of the public Web servers. There are many different vulnerabilities such as exploits utilizing software bugs in the underlying operating system, denial of service, unauthorized access of confidential information, man-in-the middle attacks, subvert the Web server and use it as a bot ...

A Position Paper

In the recent past, demand for services that consume high bandwidth has increased. Such services include real-time video streaming. However, the traditional Internet architecture was never designed with such aspects in mind. As a result, the transportation of data (in more compressed forms) has become prone to high rates of packet losses and delays. For this reason, there was a need to move away from the traditional protocols and standards into the more current Quality of Service (QoS) in computer networks. QoS in a computer network enables the network to transport data simultaneously from one host to another while ...

Communication System

The key elements of a data communication system are the source, the transmitter, the transmission system, the receiver and the destination. The source will be used in the generation of the data to be transmitted. The transmitter has a purpose of transforming and encoding the data into signals that can be transmittable for example the transformation from a digital bit stream to the corresponding analogue signal. The transmission system serves the purpose of carrying the data and it can be in terms of a transmission line or a complex network connecting the source and the destination. The receiver will ...

Humanistic model claims that the knowledge, skills and abilities (competencies) are perceived not only as a learning objective, but also as a means of development and implementation of creative students. Humanistic pedagogy teaches relevant to each individual child as a value. It tends to be a so-called "free education”, so try to adjust to the type of egalitarian relations in the educational community and partner interaction style of senior and junior. The humanistic model of education focuses on the variability of educational programs and the implementation of individual educational trajectories. Humanistic understanding of education and training processes allows to ...

Question One

The two factors for delay include; propagation and serialization. Propagation is the amount of time taken before data can travel at the speed of light from the data source to the destination. Serialization is the process of converting data stored from bytes into a stream of bits that can be transmitted over the networks.

Question Two

One of the causes of packet jitter is the congestion in the IP network. The other reasons include route changes, and timing drift.

Question Three

Making use of a jitter buffer will help reduce the delays in the packet delivery. The applications consuming the packets in the ...

Routing Information Protocol version 2 (RIP v2) is a distance-vector routing algorithm that makes use of the hop count as metric for routing (Archana, 2015). The hop count is simply a path between a source and destination, which simply could be the number of intermediate routers, bridges or gateways between the source and the destination. A maximum of 15 hops is allowed in RIP v2, placing a limitation on the size of networks that can be supported by the protocol. The Bellman-Ford algorithm determines the shortest path to a destination using the principle of relaxation where the correct distance ...

Uses of Hydrogen in the Industry

Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, flammable, non-toxic and flammable gas at atmospheric temperature. Due to its properties, hydrogen is one of the main starting factors used substance in chemical industries. It is the basic building block in manufacturing of ammonia (Ramachandran, & Raghu, 5). Hydrogen is used mainly in the manufacturing of two chemical components, which are ammonia and methanol. These chemical components are made industrially. The manufactured ammonia is used in fertilizer manufacturing industries while methanol is used in the manufacturing of polymers. Hydrogen is also used in oil refining industries for reforming oils to obtain a high-quality grade ...

You are required to simulate the behavior of a packet switching network inside the laboratory. The creation of a network will require using the packet and link editors; defining the collected statistics; and learning new Kernel procedures. Some other benefits that will be derived from the lab include learning the principles of model design; becoming familiar with the node and process models; learning how the node and process models function within a network model; carry out parametric studies of various statistics. The performance of a simple packet switching network is measured by the end-to-end delay experienced by traffic on ...

Summary Chapter 10

Chapter 10 provides insight regarding how the internet mass communication has become more and more personal. The author contends that mass communication is gradually being influenced by social, cultural, and personal factors. The chapter begins by highlighting the search and social aspects of the internet. As a social and a search tool, it is apparent that the internet has become an important factor in allowing more face-to-face communication at the global level. It has also played an important role in searching for answers to various questions. According to the chapter, the presence of automated and interpersonal tools helps people ...

Day One: Perfect Competition

On the first day of the week, I went to the supermarket which is located close to my residence and I wanted to buy a packet of milk and some groceries. However, I decided to compare the prices of these two commodities between two supermarkets that are located adjacent to one another. I noticed that the price of milk was exactly the same in the two supermarkets, while that of groceries had a very small almost negligible difference between them. This is an example of a perfect competition whereby suppliers can only price their commodities at the same exact ...

Network design proposal

Introduction Any organization that has its operation on many interconnected computers remains exposed to attacks from both external and internal sources. To address the issue, a computer that operates over a network requires several measures that target to minimize possible attack. The term network security is used to describe the process of bringing together the physical and software based preventive measures to prevent the underlying network infrastructure from attacks such as modification of data, misuse of infrastructure, unauthorized access and another form of attacks.

The problem statement

Analysis of security needs The university environment provides different security threats. Data that is stored ...

Introduction

OPNET Modeler can be used in order to create and analyze network models; therefore, it can do organizational scaling to deal with a specific ‘what if’ problem. In addition, use of Project Editor is necessary in order to create a small network, gather and collect statistics about network effectiveness and performance, run a network simulation, and analyze the received results and statistics. Moreover, designing a new network can be made easier if a group of several scenarios is combined in order to explore different network aspects. In this lab report not only Loads and Delays on the first floor ...

[Subject/Course] [Submission Date]

Introduction

An M/M/1 queue consists of a first-in-first-out (FIFO) buffer with packets arriving randomly according to a Poisson process. It also includes a processor, also known as server, used for the packets’ retrieval from the buffer at a specified service rate. Therefore, the model statistics’ collection requires node and project as the two major components. These two constituents also contribute in the running of simulating statistics results. In general, the M/M/1 queue requires packet arrival rate, packet size, and service capacity.

Objective

The objective of this lab experiment is to explore the node editor and to assess how ...

ISP REMOTE:

ISP REMOTE INTRODUCTION ISP is an acronym for Internet service provider. The term is used to describe a company that can provide one with the ability to access the internet. The ISP provides a gateway to the large interconnected pool of computers that a make up the worldwide web. The connection to the internet can be achieved through different approaches (Fonseca, M. and Agoulmine, N., 2015. p.n.d).These approaches include: Dial-up services: this is a service that provides connectivity to the Internet through the use of the telephony network. It works by connecting the telephone line to the computer ...

IEEE 802.1X Standard and EAP Authentication Schemes

Abstract Authentication risks are common reasons why network users are left frustrated when attackers exploit vulnerabilities. With increasing number of network attackers, there is a necessity for reliance on authentication technologies that offer the greatest efficiency in terms of denying access to unauthorized users. IEEE 802.1X and Extensible Authentication Protocol play a major part in mitigating authentication risks including providing a framework for handling issues such as changing of password by attackers, strong credentials in unprotected networks and the risk of re-using a single password for a longer-than-safe duration.

Introduction

Whenever cybercriminals exploit vulnerabilities in systems, users often suffer a ...

1st Author

1st author's affiliation1st line of address2nd line of addressTelephone number, incl. country code 1st author's E-mail address 2nd Author 2nd author's affiliation1st line of address2nd line of addressTelephone number, incl. country code 2nd E-mail 3rd Author 3rd author's affiliation1st line of address2nd line of addressTelephone number, incl. country code 3rd E-mail ABSTRACT In this paper, we describe the cyber security workforce in healthcare industry. Cyber security workforce has emerged as one of the most vital services to safeguard any sector. It needs to be strengthened with proper training and awareness. There are number of difficulties in the path of ...

Exploring the Transport Layer

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) over IP protocol (TCP/IP) protocol suite has four layers: link, network, transport and application layers. TCP and User Datagram Protocols (UDP) operate at the transport layer and TCP is connection oriented and ensures data delivery while UDP is connectionless and has no mechanism to check data delivery. In the “three way handshake” in TCP, the sender/client sends a connection request to the server using a SYN (synchronization) message (a bit flag in the TCP header sent with an initial sequence number and the maximum transmission size (MTU)). On receipt of the SYN message, the ...

Section 2.4 Explain the impact of finance on financial statements

What is the effect on the balance sheet and the profit and loss account if an organization receives a huge investment from a share issue? In this case, the term huge investment will refer to oversubscription of issued shares, for clarity purposes. Therefore, there are three treatments that can be carried out with regard to an oversubscription. First, the excess amount may be returned to the investor that wished to acquire the shares. In such a move, it means that some of the investors will not be allocated any shares; therefore, they will not become part of the owners ...

Abstract

Information technology presents various benefits to business organizations from speed to simplified methods of achieving complex business goals. The advantages and benefits presented to an organization have lead to its widespread application in numerous business processes across the globe. Similar to any other technology, the application of information technology in business processes exposes the organization to new aspects of threats and attacks in equal measure. Information technology has been widely employed in business for e-commerce purposes, online advertising and customer outreach through business websites and applications. The presence of old and new threats places organization security at an awkward ...

Chinese New Year is an event that is well celebrated by Chinese all over the world. The celebration is the most significant traditional Chinese holidays and the longest festivity in the Chinese Lunar Calendar. Statistically, during Chinese New Year known as Spring Festival, the Chinese communities hold parties to bid farewell to the past year and they welcome the New Year. During the Chinese New Year of 2016, I have witnessed the celebration with my friends. Particularly, I have experienced the celebration before the New Year’s Day. The Chinese community with their families made everything ready for the ...

Kazimir Malevich's Suprematism Works

Kazimir Severinovich Malevich spent his childhood in villages of Ukraine1 and knew nothing about professional art, although he was exposed to peasant art as a child. Later he moved to Moscow and got his education in art in Moscow. His work was influenced by avant-garde painters of the time and he responded that art did not need the artists and can advance on its own.Thesis -The aim of the essay is to provide a broad overview of Malevich’s artistic practices and the Suprematism of his work. The paper discusses the reasoning and meaning behind his work and why ...

Exercise 3 Route Diagram

A route diagram indicates the path taken by packets of data within a network from the source node to the destination node. Route diagram is composed of nodes as well as the IP addresses of those nodes. The route diagram below indicates the path taken by data packet from noc2 host to netman destination host. 1.045 ms 1.012 ms 0.971 ms 3.528 ms 1.671 ms 1.602 ms 2.198 ms 1.404 ms 1.837 ms The data packets travel from 130.207.8.31 through 199.77.147.1 in at least three hops consisting durations of 1.045 ms, 1.012 ms and 0.971 ms. This presents an ...

For Relocating Company Head Quarters

REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL FOR RELOCATION OF COMPANY HEAD QUARTERS Solicited by John Bakers & Sons Inc. 537, Washington Boulevard, Jersey City New Jersey LIST OF CONTENTS Section No. Title Page No Administrative Overview 4 Authority 5 Timeline of the proposed Work 5 Disqualification of Proposal 6 Terms and Conditions 7 Contract Award 8 2. Statement of Work 8 2.1 Eligibility Criteria 8 2.2 Scope of work 8 2.3 Description of items 8 2.4 Work Site Location and Conditions 9 2.5 Duration of work 9 2.6 Disposal of Waste 9 2.7 Installation 9 2.8 Supervision 9 2.9 Worksite and Transit Damage ...

Internet Telephony

Abstract Page Internet telephony uses the internet as the connection medium for transmitting voice calls and other telephony services used in communication like SMS, fax, and other voice messaging applications. It is an economical and powerful communication option in which telephone networks and data networks are combined. As the Internet protocol network can carry traditional telephone traffic, it offers both opportunities and challenges to all the telephone service companies. Since the traditional circuit-switched network works as a complex web of a large number of interrelated technologies that have evolved over more than 15 years, just the transmission technology replacement ...

The process of the detection and prevention of the unauthorized access to the computer is known as computer security. It is to ensure that the data stored in the computer cannot be compromised or read by any unauthorized individual. Several security measures are used for providing computer security like data encryption and password. Also known as IT security or Cyber security, computer security provides protection of the information system from misuse, misdirection or disruption of the services provided by them. It also ensures protection from theft or damage to the software and the hardware. Computer security is essential these ...

Abstract Page

The wireless communication system through which workstations and computers exchange data with each other is called wireless network. In this network radio waves are used as the transmission medium. Wireless network gives freedom to move from one place to another with mobiles, laptops etc. without the loss of network connectivity and without any need of wires. Wireless network can be used many areas like universities, hospitals, banks, shops, organizations, airports, coffee shops etc, therefore the need arises to protect the wireless network from any unauthorized access. Various security protocols have been defined like WEP, 802.1x standard, WPA and WPA2. ...

Impact of Contraband, Bootlegging and Peddling on Inner City Small Business Success: A Millennial’s Perspective

Abstract Inner cities were the business hub for a long period of time. However, in the last 30 years, many large and small businesses have closed down their shops and moved out of inner cities to more affluent city suburbs. Especially noteworthy is the fact that small essential businesses such as grocery stores and drugstores are closing down their stores in inner cities despite a huge demand prevailing there. There are many reasons attributing to the problem. Contraband, bootlegging and peddling definitely have forced some of the small business owners to shut down their business. They are unable to ...

Introduction

Development of an essential communication platform is imperative in the maintenance of influential communication channels within organizations. In the case presented, the higher number of nodes within the network creates the need to develop address assignments based on a topological hierarchy. Through this advancement, there is an assurance that the domains obtain a defined address block from other domains placed at a higher level in the hierarchy. This provision will only be possible if the address fields in the address system are divided into sections. The essence of this alternative is to ascertain that each level in the in ...

Cost vs. Price vs. Values Cost vs. Price vs. Values

Introduction

A drought has left a significant shortage of the potato crops, leading to an increase in the prices of the potato. The increased price of the potato has left the company with a challenge of survival as they are running their operations on a small profit margin. Julie, a brand manager at a potato chip making company is left at odds over the decision to add the price of the product or reduce the size of the packet. The management has already given their opinion and approved the reduction ...

COMMUNICATION ACCESS

Mobile computing has grown exponentially in the last few years due to several factors including the growth of service work in Western society and the need for co-operation between many parties in the work force . These factors require increased use of information technology and physical interaction thus leading to the need for mobile computing. Mobile computing devices are a common and it is more common than not to have internet access available on these devices via a wide variety of connection methods. This paper presents the different connection methods, how they work and gives examples of where the various ...

Foundation Course – Name

Introduction The US-China international relations attract much attention of politicians and economists all over the world as the key influential and transformational factor on the global arena. Ferguson & Schularick (2007) adopted the term “Chimerica” to describe the peculiar relationship between US and China established during the decades. According to ancient Greek mythology, the Chimera was a monster with several heads, legs and arms representing a strong animal able to dominate the world and threaten its stability. Analyzing the world global crisis 2008-2009 and recession phenomenon Ferguson & Schularick (2007) referred the “Chimerica” concept to the emerging monster, which currently regulates ...

This is an acronym for General Packet Radio Service which can be approach as a second generation of wireless networks. This version of wireless networks can be claimed to have cropped from the former GSM (global service for mobile communications). Researchers found that GSM is best suited for wireless voice transfer but was (GSM) very slow in transferring data (digital data) from one mobile device to the next (Christian, 1999).

Therefore, GPRS is a new bearer of data transfer between mobile GSM stations and external networks. The main advantages of GPRS over GSM include speed, capacity and flexibility since it ...

ABSTRACT

With the growth in computer networks that are used in organizations, there is a need to have a way in which networks are managed and monitored. This phenomenon is taking shape as more and more companies develop new applications to sustain their networks. There different types of traffic that are found to be traversing computer networks need to be monitored. SNMP management console is one of Network Instruments application that brings cross-platform SNMP standards to the Observer. Network administrators and consultants will find SNMP management tools important in the monitoring, diagnosis and repair of networks. Network monitoring helps in having continued ...

Introduction

The overall gross state product for North Carolina in 2010 was 424.9 billion U.S dollars. In the year 2011, the North Carolina’s labor force was about 4.5 million. The working populace in North Carolina is essentially employed across the key sectors of the employment. North Carolina is a key producer of furniture and textiles and leads the country in tobacco production. North Carolina grows 40 percent of United States tobacco. The state leads the nation in mineral resources production including mica, phosphate rock, feldspar, and lithium, among other important minerals. What’s more, the North Carolina’s Economy covers ...

Network security has been the primary concern of most enterprises and commercial organizations. Network security used to be seen as a mere firewall erection between the network and the internet. Nowadays, managers are finding for ways to integrate security end to end all over the organization where policies and capabilities allow every place and device in the network.

Routing and switching are the core technologies behind any network infrastructure. Major implementations such as network implementation, legacy network upgrade, optimization, and others all depend on routing and switching infrastructures to function effectively. Wally World is a large enterprise comprising of ...

The paper deals with the evolution of GSM networks from the simple circuit switched networks to the contemporary third generation of mobile communications which is based on packet switching. Throughout the paper, the third generation of mobile communication is denoted by 3G, as it is denoted in the technical field.

The main contents of this article give an overview of how mobile technology has evolved over time and as it has been witnessed in many technologies, the successor generation has some improvements on the problems noted in the predecessor. This is witnessed by interoperability in 3G which was a ...

- What are some of the possible services that a link-layer protocol can offer to the network layer? Which of these link-layer services have corresponding services in IP? In TCP?

One of the services is framing. This service is also available in IP and TCP. Another service offered is link access. The third service is reliable delivery which is also available in TCP protocol. There is also a service of flow control that is also available in TCP. Another service that is available is error detection that is available with both IP and TCP. Another service is error correction in the ...

Technological platforms should be systems created with accurate systems well defined to perform given tasks. The success of any system should be based on excellent protection from attacks from within and outside the company. However, despite the protection that the managers may try to instill to the company, there would be chances for more attack to the system. Therefore, there are exclusive needs to protect the system of an organization from excessive malicious attack. There is need for considering all necessary measures that could be useful in protecting the systems. All possible techniques need to be pursued. Every form ...

Introduction

This examines how a photographer Todd walker (1917-1998) used to take photographs before the start of computers in digital world .It further examines how he started to apply computer in his photographic work so as to digitalize the images and other photographic work. This is examined across three decades opt the Todd walker’s work. The use of technology in digital photography is important as the photographs are visualize in three dimensional outlook .When we see Todd walker’s photograph can visualize what it means, how it was taken and the distance the photograph was taken.

The use of computers ...

Definition of the project Objectives:

The objective of this project is to design a microcontroller based system to obtain the information regarding the temperature of a remote place. It is usually inconvenient getting the readings of temperature, pressure etc. from the places that are very distant. But the advancement in technology has made this task possible. Our main objective is to design such a system. For this we will use the infrastructure of the existing mobile network, which is based on GPRS technique. This project investigates on creating very low cost device which can be adapted to many different applications using some very basic programming, and joining ...

A firewall is responsible for controlling access among devices such as computers, networks and servers. Firewalls are deployed between the safe zone and the unsafe zones such as the internet. Firewalls acts as filters for network traffic. Network connections traverse the firewall and unauthorized packets are stopped. The filtering mechanism is based on IP addresses and ports.

Originally, firewalls was designed a gateway to deny or access network resources. Firewalls can also inspect the contents of the data packets to filter other packets, block packets that contain offensive information and block intrusion attempts.

Firewall can be configured to monitor different ...

1. Discuss the role of networks within different organizations and the resource implications of networks.

Of late, networks have become a principal mode of data transmission helping in collaboration, dissemination of knowledge, creative reproduction and gathering resources to undertake research. The networking system is integral to organizational function. Within different organizations, networks play the following roles:

- The network of an organization helps the employees increase their productivity by allowing them exchange ideas quickly. - It keeps the employees connected all the time from anywhere by allowing them remote access. - As there are several computers connected to a ...

With the advent of information systems, it is important that there is a secure environment that information systems will operate. Information security is an important concern that should be undertaken. The fundamental characteristics of high speed network with maximum security features are high performance encryption, high encryption packet filtering, proxies and trusted servers. The most crucial is the high-performance encryption and high-performance packet filtering.

Company assets

There are assets which are supposed to be protected by the company. This section will identify these assets. The assets that need to be protected are physical and electronic assets. Computers form the bulk of the ...

Technologies for Home Internet and Computer Networks

Question 1: Compare and contrast at least five technologies that are readily available for in-home internet access. You should consider practical as well as technical differences in your comparison. Do not include Frame Relay or ATM as these are primarily larger scale business solutions.

Answer: Five technologies that are readily available for in-home internet access:

VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol): VoIP refers to transmitting voice data over an IP-based network. VoIP requires a computer, a dedicated VoIP phone or a landline phone to place calls through a VoIP server or special adapter. Calls to landline numbers is also possible using interconnected VoIP services. Various codec’s are used to encode voice calls, they ...

Computer forensic refers to the preservation, identification, extraction, interpretation and documentation of computer evidence (Wiles, Cardwell, and Reyes, 2007, p.2). Such evidence retrieved is usually aimed to be used in a court of law. Electronic crimes increased in the 1970s especially in the financial sector. These crimes resulted because people saw an opportunity of making money by manipulating computer data (Nelson, Phillips, and Steuart, 2010, p.5).

According to Mohay (2003, p.113), computer forensics was first used in the 1970s by the US military and intelligence agencies. Daniel (2011, p.14) notes that computer forensics began in 1984. During this year, the ...

Differences and similarities of metropolitan area network and a wide area network

In terms of similarities, both the metropolitan area network and the wide area network use the services of the internet and the World Wide Web such as the hypertext transfer protocols, file transfer protocols, and other services. Both the two networks also use other technologies that are used in the Local Area Network (LAN). Both the network can also use either guided (wired) or unguided (wireless) transmission media for relay of data. Differences: the wide area network covers a wide geographical area or space such as countries or continents by linking computers and other internet working devices such as ...

On page 362 of the textbook, figure 12.9 shows LLC PDU in a generic MAC frame. What is the highest and lowest percentage of the length of the MAC frame could be LLC PDU data? The lowest length for LLC PDU data varies from 16 to 20 octets. Encrypted and framed LLC PDU data has the highest (maximum) length of 1560 octets. Octets is the first name for byte. In the Ethernet MAC frame, the data segment has a minimum length of 46 byte. Why do we have to have a minimum size of data in this frame? A ...

Research paper

Permanent control over the work of local network, which is a fundamental of any corporate network, is needed to maintain it in working condition. Control - a necessary first step that must be done in the management of the network. Given the importance of this function, it is often separated from other functions of management systems and implemented by special means. Such division of control functions and actually management is useful for small and medium-sized networks, for which the installation of the integrated management system is not economically sensible. The use of autonomous means of control helps the network administrator to ...

[Author Name(s), First M. Last, Omit Titles and Degrees] [Institutional Affiliation(s)] [Include any grant/funding information and a complete correspondence address.] Network security is a means to assure that unauthorized access to assets in the network is prevented. This is vital if we have to protect the CIA triad of Information security, which is to protect the Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability of the data. Unauthorized access could violate one of more of the CIA triad’s principals. These unauthorized accesses also cause loss of accountability and nonrepudiation of actions. This paper examines the concepts of Network Security ...

Here is a brief introduction to the enclosed report that is going to be presented in the upcoming pages. We are talking of neutrality and to want to bring up the issues how recent companies are trying to bring inequality in the use of different sites. Internet has always helped us to browse websites on equal basis. But the changes in neutrality would take away our freedom to do so. And thus this document would take you to the journey of how internet works and to the reasons for which neutrality should be saved. And it is even way to ...

Executive Summary

This paper describes what is meant by a wireless sensor network is, the things that makes up this device and how in the coming years the use of this device will be applied globally. The paper also discusses the major products that are offered by the G-M global companies and how these services are used by various industries. The trends in sales and employment in the wireless sensor network are also described in this paper.IN this paper, the soft ware’s that are prevalent in the industry are also described. In this paper, some of the promising applications in the ...

Introduction

Different protocols are in use to ensure end-to-end delivery of data packets between networks. These protocols use different types of metrics in determining the best path to take in delivering a packet to a destination network. The use of routers in internetwork communication necessitates ensuring that the routers have the required information to determine the paths to a destination network. Some of the information needed by a router to route packets between networks include the destination address, the routers connected to it, the possible routes to other networks and the best route to networks. A router determines information about other routers especially the ...