Essays on Panic Disorder

(Student’s Full Name)

The scene in the movie that I would describe as a hallucination is when she hears the voice of her mother saying, “You broke it!” after she breaks a bottle at her art class (Uenospower Sybil). The scene in the movie that I would describe as a delusion is when Sybil believes that Dr. Wilbur, during a session, wants to harm her in the same way that her mother did when she was growing up. As a result, Sybil tries to attack her with a pair of scissors. The type of therapy that is identified ...

Abstract:

This paper includes information on ophidiophobia or an abnormal fear of snakes. It defines what ophidiophobia is, as well as its causes and its treatments. It also includes details on what the effects of ophidiophobia are, and how it impacts a person’s daily life. Ophidiophobia is a type of panic disorder wherein there is extreme fear of snakes and all things that are related to them. Its causes may either be evolutionary/genetic, the experience of traumatic situations related to snakes, as well as cultural factors. It can be treated by applying cognitive behavior therapy, system desensitization, and/or the ...

Introduction

In the field of social and psychological research, the development of research tools to measure phenomena by attributing quantitative values to them and developing them into continuous variables is a crucial part of data collection and understanding of the phenomena. The reliability and validity of the measuring instruments thus developed is of utmost importance in establishing the value and capability of the constructs. We all can relate to our personal or friends and peers’ childhood experiences of anxiety as a child. The children are more vulnerable as a result of anxiety situations as they have little or no idea ...

Description of the case

Complaints during consultations is a normal occurrence in the clinical practice. Family doctors experience their fair share of these complaints as discussed in this segment. As part of the resolution of complaints during consultations, effective communication is central in addressing this pertinent issue. By communicating effectively, family doctors can employ various tactics in addressing these complaints. To begin with, asking the patient how they feel concerning an issue is the foremost way of dealing with complaints. In this regard, questions such as “can you explain what is making you upset in your own words” can surface. In our case, ...

What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

Quite often, people experience anxiety when faced with a difficult situation, and the anxiety ends once the situation is resolved. Occasional anxiety is a common phenomenon that people face especially before undertaking tasks for which they have little confidence in accomplishing. Besides, whenever confronted with the need to make important decisions, people tend to experience anxiety over the possible consequences of such decisions. In general, anxiety occurs when one is facing a difficult situation, has to make a difficult decision, or is about to carry out a task that one has no confidence in accomplishing successfully. In all these ...

An individual suffering from a panic attack may react to the overpowering anxiety at home, in a car, or in a public place. Sometimes those around him do not even recognize what is happening. A recent posting on Facebook by Amber Smith brought international attention to the social stigma and presentation of a person suffering from panic attacks. The 22-year-old woman submitted photographs of her “normal” self and one taken immediately following an attack; the photos were accompanied by commentary on the way society reacts to her disorder (Appendix A). In an article by Today Healthy Living Newsletter, it ...

Ensuring health and wellness plays ever growing role in a globalized world of office work, large flows of information and external pressures. In the view of the above, many people are willing to get away from everyday problems and experience the nature. Thus, the development of “forest bathing” is one of the crucial trends of SpaFinder 2015 trends. This trend manifests itself in a range of highlights. Firstly, governments and parks tend to develop forest therapy centers, and there are more associations, aimed to promote forest medicine. Secondly, forest therapy starts to be formed as a specific direction of ...

1. Based on the psychological model of abnormal behavior, Anh is diagnosed with clinical depression. He suffers from sadness, loneliness, and worries about what is happening around him. Anh also admits that he does not have close friends and does not have anyone to talk about his emotional problems. From the mentioned symptoms, the most suitable therapy is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). One mainstream source for cognitive-behavior theory is Cognitive Theory (CT) advanced by Aaron Beck. The main characteristic of depression when a subject continuously see things around him in a dysfunctional manner. According to (Brown & Barlow, 2011), human beings have ...

Definition

Panic disorder refers to a disorder whereby an individual experiences sudden and spontaneous attacks of anxiety and fear. The panic attacks lead to agoraphobia, which is the feeling of anxiety that one gets for the fear of being in situations where one cannot get help in case of a panic attack. These situations include, but not limited to, being in crowds, being left alone or being near bridges.

Clark’s theory of catastrophic interpretations

According to Clark’s theory, panic attacks are caused by faulty and maladaptive interpretations of the sensations within the body. For example, sensations that are normal to healthy individuals can be perceived as ...

Clinical case formulation

Annie described her childhood as being chaotic. Her description included night terrors that commenced when she was approximately aged four-years, reoccurring again at ages eight and twelve. Annie stated she began having panic attacks when she was about fifteen years old. She said it was “ about the time her hormones started kicking in” She began self-analyzing he abuse and familial discord in her life and began seeing a psychiatrist. Her initial feelings were those of relief. Her counselors began a course of treatment that included private counseling, family counseling and medication. She followed a course of medication for approximately six or ...

Disorders have been present as long as the existence of human kinds. As time passed, human beings have been able to come up with better ways of dealing with the disorders. Technological advancements and innovations have been able to form a milestone in approaching these disorders. Some disorders have no curative measures, but there are medicines that have been able to suppress the disorders thus enhancing the duration of time a person lives with the condition.

Description of the disorder

American Psychiatric Association has formulated a system referred to as The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, abbreviated as DSM-IV-TR. This manual is used to ...

Abnormal psychology is a branch of psychology that tries to concentrate more on what people term as abnormal in life. This is mainly in terms of behaviors which are considered as deviant from the expected code of conduct. In any case, any strange or rare experience in behavior makes one to be treated as abnormal. Most of these disorders are extremes of the normal circumstances and are mostly caused by imbalance in some physiological processes, biological factors or even some physical factors. Several symptoms can be used to describe the disorders whereby some of the factors are unique to a disorder ...

Question 2

Conformity refers to the operation of matching attitudes, believes and behaviors to the norms of a group (Cialdini and Goldstein). Norms in this case refer to the unsaid and implicit rules that are shared by a given group of individuals and are responsible in guiding the way these individuals interact with others and in the society or a social group. In psychological, the term conformity is defined as the tendency of an individual to follow the rules that are unspoken or social behaviors that are held by the society where the individual belongs. For a long time, researchers in psychology have been ...

The article discussed panic disorders in adolescents. It is fairly common that the onset of panic disorders occur before the onset of adulthood. It is during the period of adolescents that the onset of the disorder may be at its highest prevalence. It is about the mid-range of adolescents where the onset is most common and is more often seen in girls than boys. Although only about one percent of the population suffers from the disorder, for those that have a psychiatric history it is far more prevalent. The range of adolescents that are diagnosed with panic disorders ranges from ...

Introduction

The global burden of psychiatric disorders is high and the etiology of these diseases varies between and within individuals. Current studies are focusing on genetic factors associated with each class of disorders. Other studies take a psychological approach to the management of psychiatric disorders.

Article Summaries

Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders affecting up to 13.3% of the population in the U.S. Anxiety disorders have been associated with decreased productivity, increased morbidity and mortality rates, and increased growth of alcohol and drug abuse (Bystritsky et al., 2013). Studies have found an extensive presence of comorbidities in patients presenting with symptoms ...

Anxiety disorders are conditions that are characterized by pathological anxiety that has not been caused by physical illness and is not associated with substance use besides not being part of a psychotic illness (Starcevic, 2004, p. 1). The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), anxiety disorders comprise of a group of diagnostic entities. They include panic disorder (with or without agoraphobia), agoraphobia without history of panic disorder, acute stress disorder, specific phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety (social phobia), posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorder due to a general medical condition, substance-induced anxiety disorder, general anxiety disorder and ...

Anxiety, pain, worry, fear, confusion, and other related things are common to people of all ages. Everyone experience such things in life, and no one can claim to be invulnerable to these things – even to their simplest form. However, it is attested that these things could also become drastically unpleasant. Considering anxiety, this can become a [serious] disorder when the symptoms become chronic and interfering with one’s daily life and ability to act/function (Grohol, 2010). When it worsens, an individual can no longer work, eat, and even do the essential responsibilities a human being should be doing in life. Like ...

Anxiety disorder describes serious psychological problems characterized by excessive worry, anxiety and nervous thoughts or expectations. This condition comprises a variety of clinical conditions of phobia, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder (Shear et al., 2007). All human beings have flight responses required to react when one senses danger. However when anxiety becomes excessive and uncontrollable leading to emotional distress and disruption in everyday activities we consider it to be an anxiety disorder. Recent studies have identified anxiety disorders as a significant mental illness among both adults and children. National institute of mental health (NIMH) claims that nearly 18% of ...

Summaries of Articles

Tutorial Two Introduction One of the landmarks of the 20th century was the unprecedented growth in the field of Psychology. However, some pertinent issues (which remain unresolved) threaten the credibility of this noble profession. For example, there is little data to support the classification of “mental illnesses” and use of drugs to treat nonmedical conditions.

Article Summary

Psychology and the Status Quo by Isaac Prilleltensky Prilleltensky (1989) argues that the rise of Psychology has been immune to skeptical ideology. In some way, Psychologists learn not deviate from contemporary ideology. As a result, no questions have been raised about some ...

Mental illness is a term that describes abnormality or psychological arrangement that is in theory reflected in behavior – mental and emotional behavior (Green, 590). This disorder can occur for a number of years while this behavior can be linked with disability and distress the period and intensity of the indicators varies from one person to the other. How a person acts, feels and thinks forms the basis for mental disorder and do not always follow a regular pattern. This anomaly can be linked with certain regions and functions of the medulla oblongata or even the nervous system, occasionally in a social form. These symptoms ...

Panic Disorder is a type of anxiety disorder wherein a person experiences bouts of panic attacks which ranges from a few seconds to several hours. These panic attacks have no identifiable triggers that give a patient the feeling of inevitable doom. They manifest physically through heart palpitations, intense sweating, short breaths, sensations in the stomach, faintness or dizziness, sense of imminent death, and naturally, exhaustion. It is clinically classified as an abnormal behavior as it disrupts a patient's normal functioning and causes an enormous amount of distress. People with panic disorder may choose not to leave the "safety" of their home at all ...

Panic disorders and attacks are often linked; anxiety can come from a number of places. Stein et al. (2010) believes that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a form of anxiety, as it is a condition wherein people will often fret about an apparent lack of organization, or they feel unease unless they perform a repeated action for a certain number of times arbitrarily. This can often lead to panic attacks in the afflicted individual, as they feel a tremendous amount of anxiety when something is out of place, or they are unable to perform that action. Stein et al. are attempting to get OCD included as ...

Imagine a drug so powerful it can make you calm down from your most pressing panic attack. What’s more, it can also get you high, or enhance the high you already have. Not only that, you can get it from your doctor and pick it up at your local pharmacy. Alprazolam, otherwise known as Xanax, is a type of benzodiazepine prescribed to many people throughout the world. Released in 1981, it is meant to deal with panic attacks and anxiety disorders, calming the patient through releasing itself as a sedative and muscle relaxant. Xanax abuse is rampant in this country, ...

Anxiety disorders are a substantial problem for many people – panic disorders are a large part of that, and are closely linked to anxiety as a cause. Cognitive behavioral therapy has been used as a possible solution in the past to treat anxiety disorders in parents and children alike (White et al., 2010; Thienemann et al., 2006). It can occur for a number of reasons – pregnancy (Claesson et al., 2010), stressful situations and lack of proper sensitivity by family and peers (Nebbitt and Lambert, 2009). All of these factors can lead to panic attacks which can emotionally damage even the strongest individual. Those experiencing panic ...