Essays on Patents

American Public University

1. Consider the nature of the trade-off between richness and reach of information. How is the trade-off defined? Give a real world example to qualify for the maximum possible credit. The trade-off between richness and reach of information means that reaching information at the different level of richness might cost differently. If someone would like to reach information, he needs to pay for this service, and the price depends on the richness of the information requested (Nayab, 2014). Advanced communication and information technologies have decreased the cost of reaching rich information nowadays; however, it does not mean we do ...

Procter & Gamble is a Multinational consumer goods company which was incorporated in 1905 in Ohio, United States. It manufactures several consumer products and offers around 65 different brands under several product categories such as “Beauty; Grooming; Health Care; Fabric & Home Care; and Baby, Feminine & Family Care” (The Procter & Gamble Company, 2016). The company sells its products in almost 200 countries and conducts on-the-ground operations in almost 100 countries.

Balance sheet

P&G follows generally accepted accounting principles applicable in the Unites States for presentation and preparation of its financial statements. Much like other publically traded companies, P&G also electronically files its annual, ...

I. Introduction The ubiquitous presence of mobility devices, including most notably smartphones, highlights how mobility has come to be integral to everyday life at workplace, college and home. The major focus on mobility is, given current coverage, is on applications and cloud platforms. Less reported still but is, probably, of much more significance, as shown later, is wireless licenses and applications which enable much of current mobility operational efficiency, if not operability at all. As is always common in ICT innovations, user interface applications and platforms more often than not draw ICT community's attention, a community focused more new ...

Introduction

If one runs a business or invents something new it is necessary to protect intellectual property in order to succeed in the field. From all of this arises one question: what is exactly intellectual property and which are the ways to protect it? At the first sight, it may seem that it is a merely positive thing but there are some cases in which issues which are concerned with intellectual property become harmful and create problems to other people and the author itself. Thus, the aim of the following essay is to discuss the issue of intellectual property, its ...

Business Requirements in India

Business Requirements in India

Titus (2007) revealed that the government laws and regulations of India are still being developed especially with regards to foreign investments. This is due to the fact that lobbying activities are normally being done through well connected individuals to influence business transactions (Titus, 2007). The outcome is the higher number of scams with regards to “lobbying” and the resulting effect is that the Indian legislators are perceived to be highly corrupt. The Indian law with regards to corruption is only seen in the Prevention of Corruption Act in 1988 and is perceived to be highly ...

BUSINESS LEVEL AND CORPORATE LEVEL STRATEGIES

BUSINESS LEVEL AND CORPORATE LEVEL STRATEGIES

Introduction

Amazon.com is the world leading e-commerce websites that took advantage of the internet boom in the 90’s. Through the cautious development of the company’s global strategy, it has turned into a force to reckon regarding leveraging assortment of services and products and creating customer value through affordable products. Both the corporate and business strategies employed by Amazon from its inception match the internal and external environments without which its global footprint would be thwarted. Currently, Amazon is the largest online retailer with net sales amounting to $107B and gross profits of $ ...

Introduction

Samsung is a multinational Electronics company that has existed in the market for the last 70 years. It is headquartered in Seoul, South Korea with regional conglomerates across the world. This company is involved in diverse business operations spanning from the manufacture and supply of semiconductors, digital media, mobile products, consumer electronics, wireless wearable, home appliances and industrial appliances. In 2009, Samsung Electronics Inc. was touted as the world’s largest corporation based on revenues and a market leader in the electronics industry. On top of being the world’s largest semiconductor chip producer, it is also, the world’ ...

Assignment 5: Capstone

Abstract Dell Inc. deals with manufacturing and selling of personal computers and other computer accessories. Turbo PC was the first product produced by Dell Company, which has experienced gradual growth since its foundation. Various strategies and policies have led to the success of the multinational company over the years. Therefore, the paper covers the effect that the mission, vision, and primary stakeholders of Dell has on its success. It highlights the effect of the six segments of the environment on both the firm and the industry. It also focuses on the SWOT analysis and five (5) forces of competition ...

Apple manufactures iPhone, its mobile brand, iPad, Mac, the personal computer brand, iPod, the Apple TV brand, a few software applications, a couple of operating systems, and some accessories. The company also sells digital applications through the Apple’s own app store, iBooks store and Macintosh app store. The Company sells its products worldwide through its retail stores, online stores, and direct sales force, as well as through third-party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers, and value-added resellers. The company also sells third-party mobiles, related computer hardware and software, and related accessories. These products are sold via the company’s ...

The prescriptive theory by Wiedebach is one of the most suitable theory that supports the proposed solution “i.e. improving the staffing levels of nurses so as to reduce the occurrence of adverse events and subsequently enhance the outcomes of patients”. The theory stresses the need to identify the patient needs specifically through observing behaviors that influence the outcomes of patients (McEwen, 2013). In the light of this the theory provides a framework for examining the problem or behaviors that have a significant impact with respect the outcomes of patients so as to develop a solution that focuses on alleviating ...

Introduction

Objective of the Discussion One of the most renowned marketing gurus Phillip Kotler argues that innovation is the most critical aspect of a successful business nowadays (Burk & Lemley, 2009). Practically all known markets are oversaturated with offers, and the only way to succeed is by inventing new products and services or by changing the business and the marketing methods. Realizing that applying traditional cost-cutting methods of reducing overheads and attracting the new customers is no longer effective, the business community becomes focused on considering innovative approaches as the only effective method of keeping afloat and expanding the market shares ( ...

According to Gulanick and Myers (2013), the nursing process has been identified as the most appropriate strategy which can be employed in trying to ensure that the most suitable care is provided to a particular individual. Ensuring that the patient gets the best out of the Caregiving process should form the primary objective of any nursing undertaking. Addition studies (de Oliveira et al. 2012; Weber and Kelley, 2013), show carrying out a thorough assessment of a patient is a significant step as it forms the basis of a care plan. Studies by (Papathanasiou et al., 2013; Morrissey, 2016) showed ...

Securing a business through patenting is a good point. I agree with you when you say that patents help entrepreneurs from the outsiders from selling or involving in other dealings without the information of the owner. Additionally, I like how you have reacted to bankruptcy questions. You have made the reader understand its meaning and complications in a business in a simpler way. You have included the issue of the invention when explaining the meaning of the patent. In my view, it is right to say that patents are mainly aimed at protecting intellectual work, therefore, agreeing with your ...

Joint Ventures and Strategic Alliances

1. A joint venture is a type of partnership or strategic alliance between a few entities which engage in the same activity or project. The pool of knowledge and expertise that appears when two companies start a specific project offers a great deal of creativity and technology exchange. Also, it is important to point out that partnership that may seem similar to a joint venture is usually long-term, while the latter is established specifically for one particular purpose. The main advantage of joint ventures is in complementary abilities that the companies may use to benefit. It refers to finance, ...

Imperial Oil, founded in 1880 is a giant petroleum producing company, with its headquarters located in Calgary, Canada. It is the second largest integrated petroleum company in Canada and has registered a phenomenal growth since its inception. Its operations consist of exploring and producing oil, manufacturing and distributing petroleum products for energy sources, producing chemicals for industrial and domestic use through innovative and sustainable technology. ( Annual report, 2016) reports a cash generation of $22 bn from operations only during 2010-2015. Its performance can be evaluated from the growing dividends paid to its shareholders in last 21 consecutive years. Imperial ...

Introduction:

In this paper were will be covering our analysis of the BoldFlash: Cross-Functional Challenges in the Mobile Division case, written by Michael Beer and Rachel Shelton. The analysis will cover the history of the company, symptoms and problems, alternatives, and our recommendations. The given case expounds over the situation when Roger Cahill – Vice President of BoldFlash Mobile Division came across the situation where BoldFlash is struggling to adjust to a progressing and challenging marketplace. In the case study, there are four departments (marketing, sales, manufacturing, and product development) within a division that refused to work collaboratively. As a result, ...

Project Management

<Student>

Project Proposal

Interactive translator with elements of neurolinguistics nets and augmented reality Summary The main idea of this project is to solve the problem with lack of fast, adequate and contextual translation of visual information using the latest achievements of wireless networks, neurolinguistics and elements of augmented reality in real-time conditions. The system, which is based on ordinary smartphones connected to high-speed Wi-Fi network, allows to read pieces of text, labels, signboards in any major language. The translation is provided based on the contact of foreign text, its position and adequate context.

Proposed solution

The present situation involves various attempts to ...

Introduction

In reference to my military involvement, I am not really sure if it shows on my face, in my demeanor, but I am thankful for it. I consider it nothing less than a privilege to serve in the branch of military in which I serve. Just the fact that I live in a country that is established to the point that it is financially able and willing to provide this kind of experience to a young person seeking advancement for the pursuit of a place in life makes me more than grateful for this opportunity. I realize that all ...

Management Strategy and Decision Making

According to the model, countries engage in international activities because of the advantages that arise from the relationships. Unlike firms, countries are not in competition with each other but rather engage in mutually benefiting relationships . The US provides a market for the toys while China provides manufacturing countries with cheap labor for the production of these toys. This is referred to as comparative advantage. The cost of manufacturing in the United States is relatively higher compared to the cost of manufacturing in China, a factor that has led many companies such as Mattel to outsource their manufacturing to vendors ...

Circumstances, where confidentiality agreements are necessary

Nowadays, the intensity of competition among the producers of confectionary is crossing the boundaries of imagination. In order to stay competitive, the businesses have to reduce their overheads, while trying to maintain the appropriate quality standards of their products. These research and development activities require substantial funding, and, in order to safeguard their achievements from being imitated by the competitors, the ultimate contents of products are held in the strictest confidentiality (Hasnas, 2006). Food companies often offer lucrative settlements to those, who have been affected by their products (Maclntyre, 2008). Yet, the majority of such offers have a small, ...

Introduction

In simple terms, imperfect competition can be referred to as a type of market structure that does not operate in conformity with the laid rules of perfect competition. In imperfect competition, there are so many barriers that prevent fair competition among the market players and also the accessibility to goods by users is limited and not all transparent. Limitations and barriers to such a market may include: prices being influenced by one or a few suppliers, barriers to the entry and exit of a market are quite significant and information about products and their pricing is very limited. Examples ...

Introduction

Following the guidelines set by the patent laws, new claims must guarantee their originality and authenticity by presenting the claims to the board responsible for accepting new discoveries and patents (Quinn, 2014). It is important for the patents’ owners to undergo legal proceedings because other people might take the opportunity to steal the rights through the same proceedings. However, presenting patents are never easy, as there are several points to be considered for approval. In this case, the group recently discovered a compound which can be extracted from the species Fearus tortoisiae, which can only be found within the ...

Website: http://www.keuriggreenmountain.com/

Industry: Produces and sells coffeemakers, specialty coffee, and related products (teas, hot cocoa, among others).

BACKGROUND and HISTORY Green Mountain Coffee Roasters was created in 1981 in Vermont, as a small specialty coffee roaster, which expanded rapidly in the next 20 years. The company acquired the brewing-machine maker Keurig in 2006. It was a publicly traded company from 1993 to December 2015, when investors led by JAB Holding Company acquired GMCR for the amount of $13.9 billion (Yahoo Finance). GMCR describes itself as a “personal beverage system company revolutionizing the beverage experience through the power of innovative technology” (Keurig Green Mountain, Inc.). Their portfolio is comprised of 80 brands and more than ...

American Public University

Inventing a new thing which has the potential of being widely used by the people might create essential opportunities for the invention owners. The companies or people working on new inventions and innovations have the chance to be the leader in their industries or societies. In simple words, inventing or innovating brings an essential power to its owners. However, there is a high risk of losing these opportunities because the other people or companies might steal the idea of invention or innovation. In this case, inventing or innovating does not provide any power because all the people or the ...

Analysis of the Documentary Food, Inc. through the Lens of Ethical Theories and Ideas

Some may wonder whether the food choice is an ethical issue. After all, we make these choices at least three times a day and our individual decisions influence the global industry of food growth, production and processing. As Jones, Cardinal and Hayward remind us, we exist in society and are connected to other people. This is why our choices, in our case, the food choices, affect other people, and their decisions influence us as well (2006, p. 3). Various theories of ethics propose different ways of viewing the problems of food production and consumption and seek solutions in distinct ...

In the modern world of business, strategic partners happen to be one of the major channels to success. Notably, many corporations are looking for strategic partners to either acquire or get acquired by them simply because of the synergy that comes with the merger and acquisition. In the world of technology, mergers and acquisitions are a common thing, especially for the newly establishing technology firms which get acquired by the legends in the industry. However, it is not common to hear of one tech giant acquiring another well-established firm. This was the case when Microsoft decided to take over ...

Introduction

Preliminary strategic audit refers to assess the current performance of the operations of the business. It examines that if the functions of organization are moving in the designed direction that is set to achieve specific goal or objectives. AT&T is a multinational company that provides effective communication products and services to its global customers. Its product includes smartphones, tablets, and broadband services that are widely used by the customers all over the world. The mission and vision of the company is to provide technological and innovative products to its valuable customers and ensures high satisfaction in the world market. ...

Solutions to the problem

Increasing fees to maintain patents and copyrights on a yearly basis3 Ease the complicated process of obtaining a patent or copyright ..3

Create more patent and trademark offices

4

Lower the cost of obtaining a patent or copyright.

4

Congress ought to pass laws to deal with copyright theft by large companies

4

Conclusion 4

Work Cited.5 PROBLEM: Restricted competition and creativity WHO HAS THE PROBLEM: Technology companies AUDIENCE: US Congress DELIVERY: Letter SOLUTION: The solutions lie with the government; they need to make better legislations that would make the playing field a little more even. They should require just enough proof to grant a patent or copyright, lower the absurd cost of getting one, and increase fees for maintaining granted patents on a yearly basis. The best solution ...

1. Company oversight The company Relx Group is a provider of analytics and information for business, professional and academics to customers from different industries. The company has customers in 180 countries with offices in 40 countries. The company has 30 thousand employees; a half of the payroll is located in the United States of America. The company operates in the following market segments: ■ Scientific: The Company stores more than 16% of the scientific articles of the world that were published in the last ten years with peer-reviewed conditions with strategic associations with scientific magazines and universities. ■ Technical and Medical: ...

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT IN UK, SOUTH AFRICA, AND MEXICO

Business environment in UK, South Africa, and Mexico Introduction The purpose of this report is to analyze the business environment in South Africa and Mexico to help Gem Leathers Limited in establishing a joint venture. Also, the report will examine the issues of trademarks, trade secrets and patents in the U.K, Mexico, and South Africa.

Financial incentives Mexico offers numerous incentives in various sectors with an aim of creating employment, improving infrastructure, enhancing productivity, and boosting exports. The Maquiladora is the most significant incentive that is offered to foreign companies in Mexico. The benefits of Maquiladora incentive include duty-free ...

Apple is the world’s largest multinational technology company. Apple specializes in the designing, developing of electronics and software. Apple began in 1976 selling Mac computers. Today, it has thousands of products and has a large legal department to handle its intellectual property. A copyright is a protection afforded to authors of original works that can be obtained from the government. These original works may include music, art, drama, books or other writings, among other works. The work does not have to be published in order to obtain a copyright. Apple has copyrights for many of its designs and ...

What is the case statement? What decisions does P & G need to make?

The Procter and Gamble Company has to revise its advert if it is to make a positive impact in the market. The proposed ‘Mumbles’ advert is comparative and implies negative notions on the use of Colgate and Palmolive’s ‘Simply White’ product. This form of advertising, is also involuntarily shifting the viewers’ attention to the rivalry between the two companies: when the objective, and this is an educative guess, is to show the brand’s prowess over the rival’s brand. P&G, therefore, needs to revise its advertisement approach towards a more positive and more product oriented approach. P&G ...

Executive Summary

A strategic analysis of Amazon is employed in this document in order to highlight the major problems that must be considered by the management. The company is considered a leader in electronic retailing globally, however facing a stiff competition from its counterparts as bricks and mortar companies as they are emerging in the contemporary corporate setting and establishing their online presence. Amazon is engaged in finding ways to adequately address the contemporary challenges in the global marketplace in order to maintain its competitive position and subsequently attain a greater share of profits from the international market.

Introduction

Amazon is deemed ...

1.0 Description of the Business and the Business Model The parking lot spot finder will be in the form of an app. It will coordinate with a camera that is installed on a traffic light or pole near the parking lot. Upon accessing the app, a motorist will be able to search a location either by name or by address. Based on this search, the app will bring up a visual of the parking lot(s) associated with the location. As soon as the motorist determines which parking lot they would like to park in, they will be able ...

The name of educational institution

We live in an age that is witness to what many are calling the Third Industrial Revolution. 3D printing, also called additive manufacturing, moves us away from the Henry Ford era mass production line, and will bring us to a new reality of customizable, one-off production. The focus of this research is: history of the 3D printing, the impact on the progress, the factors affecting the 3D printing technology and the socio-cultural impact. Challenge of the research is to describe the history of the development of 3D printing technology. 3D-printer is a special device for outputting three-dimensional data. Unlike ...

Introduction

Technology refers to information that can be used to accomplish a set task. Transfer is the movement of goods and information from one individual or corporation to another that did not have it originally. Technology transfer is, therefore, the flow of information and processes from a group that has a specialized technical skill to another that does not(Anderson & Anderson, 2010). Multi-national companies operate in different geographical and administrative regions to provide a common good or service to its large client base globally. These companies require the adoption of a viable technology transfer policy that will ensure that the ...

Introduction

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are arguably beneficial socioeconomically. However, there are rising concerns over the harm GMOs pose to the humans and their environment. The process of genetic modification entails altering the genetic composition of organisms to award them properties that are more desirable. According to Rifkin (17), the world is in transition toward a biotech age as illustrated by the advancement of GMOs. In the current society, the adoption of genetically engineered crops, such as soybeans, cotton, and corn, is widespread in the United States following two decades of concerns over consumer reception, and environmental and economic impact ( ...

[Monti Cleaning]

Business Plan

Business Plan template 1 Business Plan Summary 3 The Business 3 The Market 3 The Future 4 The Finances 4 The Business 5 Business details 5 Registration details 5 Business premises 5 Organisation chart 5 Management & ownership 6 Key personnel 6 Products/services 7 Unique Selling point.7 Anticipated demand8 Risk management 8 Operations 8 The Market 9 Market research 9 Market targets 9 Environmental/industry analysis 10 S.W.O.T. analysis 11

Advertising & sales 12

The Future 13 Vision statement 13 Mission statement 13 Goals/objectives 13 Action plan 14 The Finances 14 Key objectives & financial review 14 Start-up costs for [YEAR] 15 Balance sheet ...

Intellectual Property and Innovation

Intellectual Property Intellectual property comprises of new creations that are legally branded as property. Various legal tools exist to safeguard property rights, and they include patents, trademarks, copyrights and trade secrets (Andersen, 2006). The legal right accorded to properties facilitates the owners of creative works and inventions to earn a living and at the same time improve the well-being of the society. Owners of property rights may be individuals or institutions recognized by the government. There must be checks by the regulatory authorities to help strike a balance between the needs of the intellectual property owners and the society. ...

Introduction

Technologies are the products of careful research and ideation. As such, it is only proper that these products be protected in order to maximize the lifecycle of a product and return on investment. It would be unfortunate for a developer to produce a product, but ends up losing profits since competitors may produce the same product. This paper will describe methods that may be applied to protect technologies and strategies that may be employed to maximize the lifecycle and profits.

Patents

Patents are an exclusive monopoly on the production of technologies and the ideas behind it. Patents last for twenty ...

Part one

Biodiversity is essential in the sustainability of the environment. In fact, lack thereof compromises the nature’s ability to adapt to environmental changes, therefore, enhancing its vulnerability. The development of science and technology paved the way for the incorporation of genetic engineering to living organisms. Precisely, since its introduction in 1996, many nations have embraced the conveniences offered by the genetic modification of crops to enhance their resistance and overall sustainability (Rifkin 15). This method is influential as it enables scientists to combat the development of a crop disease by altering the genetic composition of an organism. However, this ...

Business

iPhone Print Proposal

Introduction

Leadership in technology and innovation is what Apple is all about. The mobile device industry was changed with the company raising the bar of the competition for being the most innovative company that offers the best quality products. After 20 years of dormancy in the tech industry, the brand has expanded into one of the biggest names in consumer electronics owed to the monumental success of the iPod followed by iPhone. Today, the brand became consistent with its product offering paired with exceptional customer experience. The product proposal highlights the new Apple service branded as iPrint. ...

Intellectual Property Laws

Intellectual property refers to property that is made out of mental labor. It includes copyright patent, trademark, industrial design mark, and trade jurisdiction is some jurisdiction. Examples of goods that can be categorized as intellectual property are literature, cover music and other artistic works that can be considered as discoveries and inventions and symbols, phrases words and design. All in all, patents protect tangible things’ design, copyright protects the different forms of artistic and written designs and trademark symbols or names that identify the source of a product or service (Stim, 2005). Managers are facing several ethical problems at ...

Introduction

Patents are useful for protecting the rights of inventors and innovators who create new technology. The patents provide protection for the idea and in return, the new invention is available to the public for relevant use. The validity of a patent is twenty years. The downside is that no one else can come up with the same idea for those twenty years. Other inventors can use the invention in their products without modifying the base product with a license provided by the patent holder. For example, if an inventor creates a car that runs on water, it will prevent ...

Q1: Provide at least two examples of EACH type of Intellectual Property.

Patents, copyrights, trade secrets and trademarks are the four forms of intellectual property. Utility, design, and patents are the three kinds of patents. On the other hand, the different forms of trademarks are brands, company names, and logos. On the contrary, the different forms of trade secrets are marketing plans, product formulas and employee rosters. Copyrights take forms in live recordings, photos or artistry (Bouchoux 4).

Q2: How can an intangible asset create value for an organization? Explain with examples.

An intangible asset such as trademark increases the organizational value by safeguarding the company production secrets from being stolen. An example of a trade secret is the coke’s formula. Nonetheless, an intangible ...

Morse invented the telegraph in 1844. The telegraph transmitted messages over wires. Edison recording sound on rolls of foil in 1877. The first ever music disks being played on gramophones, which were invented in 1888 by Berlinger. In the 1890’s the telegraph became wireless due to Guglielmo Marconi. In 1905 Reginald Fessenden creates the first Christmas Eve radio broadcast that uses voices. The Radio Corporation of America worked to develop radio as a medium for communication. In 1920 KDKA in Pittsburgh implemented the first radio station. Companies like AT&T, General Electric, United Fruit Company and Westinghouse bought patents ...

Biography

Nikola Tesla was born on July 10, 1856 in Smiljan, Croatia, as a fourth child to parents Milutin Tesla and Djuka Mandic. His father was a Serbian Orthodox Priest while his mother was an inventor of household appliances. Although pressured by his father to join the priesthood, Tesla was mostly interested in sciences. His calling was towards electrical engineering, for which he studied at the Polytechnic Institute in Graz, Austria, the Realschule, Karlstadt and the University of Prague. Tesla moved to Budapest and began his career working with a telephone company in 1881 and it was during this time ...

The worth of business goodwill is measured to determine whether a business should continue or liquidated. A Positive goodwill value shows that the business value is more than the value of the business asset base (Ahmed, 2007). The value of business goodwill is determined by a number of factors that have an impact on the earnings of a business (Ahmed, 2007). Which include a business location, marketing and production technology, competition, employees’ relations, government interventions, products and services quality, management skills, business risks involved customer relations and favorable contracts (Ahmed, 2007). These factors can be analyzed using the PESTEL ...