Essays on PPP

Executive Summary

Luxury Swap is an innovative web-based product exchange service. Modeled on e-bay's exchange program, Luxury Swap introduces an unparalleled service in KSA, first, and hopes to expand into GCC, East Europe, North America and world at large. The service connects upper class / sellers, who have unneeded luxury products, and middle class/ buyers, who, although having rising disposable income, cannot afford to purchase luxury products at retail prices. This report is made up of five sections: (1) Service Information, (2). PEST Analysis & SWOT Analysis, (3) Strategic Marketing Objectives, (4) Market Segmentation & Positioning and (5) Four Ps Strategies and (6) ...

Chapter 3: Methodology

3.0 Introduction The theory of purchasing power parity is essential for the study of international trade since it argues that there exist a relationship between prices of products and exchange rates. This theory provides a framework for assessing long-term changes in the exchange rates. It states that similar goods and services in various countries should have the same cost in the long-run (Frankel 153). Essentially, the PPP theory is based on the assertion that the exchange rates tend to adjust themselves in such a way that there no opportunity costs for buying particular goods or services in a particular ...

According to CIA World Factbook, the GDP of France in terms of “official exchange rate” (The World, 2016) in 2015 was “$2.422 trillion” (The World, 2016). In terms of GDP per capita (PPP), in 2015 it was “$41,200” (The World, 2016) .For comparison with past year results, in 2014 GDP per capita in France was “$40,900” (The World, 2016) and in 2013 it was “$41,000” (The World, 2016). Looking at these numbers, it is seen that GDP per capita is quite stable in France. In regards to the United States GDP in terms of “official exchange ...

Executive summary

Tesla is an example of a company that is able to disrupt an industry. Before Tesla, the fully electric car was an idea in the research and development laboratories of gasoline-powered cars. After Tesla, the fully electric car is almost synonymous with the name of the company. The technologies behind the car are still expensive and this means that it is still a niche product. However, Tesla is working towards making it a more mainstream car. This paper looks at the efforts of Tesla to get its Model S into the Singaporean market. This paper begins with an introduction ...

Summary of Chapter 12

Introduction Yescombe presents on Chapter 12 issues between the lenders and the Project Company related to Cash-Flow Controls, Security and Enforcement (202). The author posits that the Public Authority has to review the lenders’ documents to make sure there will be no impediments for the Project Company to carry its mandate. Control of Cash Flows: The Project Company’s cash flows is closely controlled by the lenders, as they will depend on the residual flows to receive their payments (Yescombe 202). The lenders control expenditures via the Disbursement Account, which receives the inflows from equity and loans, and is ...

Introduction

In past few years, one of the most significant developments in the world economy is the emergence of India and China as major forces in the global economy. The constant growth of these countries is expected to dominate the economy of the whole world for several decades. Both countries contribute as more than one-third of the world’s population. Since 1980, both economies have been successful in achieving remarkable poverty reduction and economic growth rate. In respect of economic growth, it seems that China and India both are similar as both of these countries have large geographies and populations. ...

(Diapers and Wipes for Babies) In the present rapidly changing business environment, companies have to implement different changes and innovations to remain competitive. Such changes may refer to all the companies’ operation. For example, it may be necessary to add new products to the general product list of the organization in order to remain profitable and expand presence in the market of the certain country or region. As such, in the healthcare industry the company can develop some new products that relate to the consumer healthcare goods. This essay is devoted to the opportunity for GlaxoSmithKline to start manufacturing ...

The first chapter of the book describes the Public-Private Partnership or PPP. In this chapter we can find a detailed description of different styles of partnership and the short history of it. Also, the author gives us an idea about types of public infrastructure as it would be easier for the reader to understand elements of Public-Private Partnership. I think that author gave enough information about the topic and did his best to explain all the key elements. Also, the good idea was to compare different types of Public-Private Partnership with each other. If reader did not understand i ...

Human development is a process of providing mechanisms through which people can flourish and attain self-actualization in their lives. The rationale of human development as a process goes beyond focusing on economic development as an indicator of people’s wellbeing. It therefore incorporates other dimensions which are crucial in establishing the extent to which people would describe quality life. Traditionally, most economists have used quantitative indicators such as GDP Per capita as a measure of people’s wellbeing in a particular economy. The reality is however, different because quantitative indicators such as these are limited to assessing economic success ...

International finance

Question 1: Uses of the balance of payment data It is used in the recording of economic transactions of the residents of a particular country to the rest of the world within a given period. Current account shows the total net amount a particular country is earning if it’s in excess or spending when in shortage. It’s calculated by net income from exports fewer payments from the imports. While the capital account; deals with the recording of the ownership of the foreign assets. It involves the reserve account and loans and investments a country and the rest ...

Derivatives

Answer 1) In case, the company use 90-day forward contract, it will be required to pay: =300000*(0.40) = $120000

On the other hand, if it go by money market hedge, initially, it will invest:

=300000/1.03 = 291262 ringits In other words, in order to accumulate 300000 ringits in 90 days, the firm will need to deposit 291262 ringits presently. Henceforth, the firm will need to borrow, 291262* 0.404= $117,670 in the spot market.

The borrowed amount will be paid after 90-days with 4% interest, and this compute to:

= 117,670*(1.04) = $122,377 Therefore, by using the money market hedge, firm will need to pay $2377 more than the forward hedge. Hence, it should go for the forwar hedge

Answer 2)

Steps to hedge in the money market a) Borrow, 4000000/1.08= ...

Human Development is the concept of enhancing the experience of human existence in terms of several factors that affect the lives of humans. Different people have different interests, needs, strengths, weaknesses, and capabilities. Thus, human development is not just about creating multiple avenues for humans to develop their lives, but also to make these avenues for development very accessible to any human being. Human Development emphasizes that good economic status is very important but is simply a means to a much more important end—the wellbeing of humans. The goal of human development is to make every human being ...

About PwC Middle East

Introduction According to “PwC Middle East” (2016), it was established in the region for 40 years, PwC has more than 4,000 people in 12 countries across the region: Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, and Palestinian territories, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (p.1). As stated on their website, their regional team of more than 4,000 people operates across the Middle East bringing international experience delivered within the context of the region and its culture. It can bring the collective knowledge and experience of more than 208,000 people across the entire global ...

Today, the economics of the world is more dynamic and unpredictable than never before. This dynamism in turn significantly affects the standing of the countries in the world by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita ranking (Pasquali, 2015; The World Bank Group, 2016). Every year, the ranking looks different, but these fluctuations are so volatile that they may occur even over a span of a month. While some countries gain rank and others fall off their position, there is no telling that countries at the top of the list are well the most influential nations in the world today. ...

NETWORK TERMINOLOGIES

1. Impact of network congestion on productivity Network congestion occurs when a link or a node carries too much data that its normal capacity thus making its efficiency to be reduced. Some of the effects of network congestion include: queuing delays, blocking of new connections and packet losses in the network. (Floyd & Fall, 2009) Network congestion leads to an overall reduction in the network’s throughput. Network congestion usually affects the productivity of the network in the following ways: i. Delay – whenever there is congestion in the network, users will have to wait for longer periods of time ...

In the context of international trade, the term “Covered Interest Rate Parity” implies to the situation in which there exists equilibrium between interest rates and forward and spot currency values of two economies. Consequently, there are no opportunities for arbitrage between these two currencies. As an illustration, consider nation A, whose currency is trading at par with nation B’s currency, (Robert, 2005, pp. 21-6). However, the rate of interest in A is 5% while in B is 2%. Ceteris paribus, it would be beneficial to borrow currency of nation B, change it in the spot market to the ...