Essays on Recombinant

Synthetic biology is the latest trend that integrates biology with engineering. It deals with the making of biological molecules or systems that does not natural in the biological world. These molecules or system that are constructed, help to complement natural biological systems and help in performing particular biological task (Khalil and Collins 367-379). A simple example of synthetic biology would be manipulation of bacteria through recombinant technologies to produce recombinant protein. A vast number of applications are possible with synthetic biology. With the advancement that are currently happening in the area of bioinformatics, it is possible to reprogram human ...

The rediscovery of Mendel's works on heredity in 1900 became the foundation to investigate more on genetics. However, the acceleration of the study of genetics was slow, taking more than half a century later for Watson and Crick to crack the chemical basis of heredity. In fact, their proposal, the double helical structure of DNA, became the beginning of modern biology. Over the next 30 years, the advent of recombinant DNA technology allowed us to sequence specific DNA segments (Collins & McKusick, 2001). Note that mapping specific regions of a particular DNA offers explanations to many traits, including behaviors, disorders, ...

The advances in biotechnological field have made it possible to understand the genetic role behind molecular mechanisms to large extents. This in depth understanding of biological processes has paved ways to treat the untreatable aiding the human existence in multitudes of aspects like food, health, bioremediation, mining, biopharmaceutical production and much more. This microbial world is vast and has been a platform for human beings to explore their biological systems as they are simpler cells and can be manipulated with much ease than complex systems. The DNA harnessed within the cells are the molecular entities that have been targeted ...

Gene replacement refers to a technique which utilizes homologous recombination (Carter & Shieh, 2010, p. 265), to make alterations by either adding a gene, deleting a gene or including point mutations. Gene replacement attempts to cure most of the genetic diseases at molecular level. A successful gene replacement prevents a protein from causing harm, giving new functions to proteins, and recovering or enhancing the normal function of a protein. This technique is commonly used to prevent, treat or improve animals. This is a permanent process that is very beneficial to animals. The process of animal gene replacement involves several processes ...

Question 1: What role has venture capitalism played in the market place?

A very significant role has been played by venture capitalists (VCs), as with the focus on funding companies in the technology sector, has helped the Biotechnology sector to grow and prosper, in an independent manner, since, Biotech companies had to rely on partnerships with big Pharmaceuticals (Phillips, 2016). The Full value chain that is desired by Biotech players, is helped by the VCs, capabilities in terms of funding, and also importantly, providing networking contacts and business management experience to run the facility effectively.

Question 2: What differences exist between the pharmaceutical industry and the biotech industry?

The key difference amid traditional pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry is the method of production, in producing ...

Stroke can be termed as a therapeutic emergency and care delivered within the first hours in determining a patient's long-term prognosis and recovery. Substantial evidence has demonstrated a considerable reduction in mortality and disability with timely response in acute stroke care, comprising antiplatelet treatment stroke unit. Uptake of evidence-based care is inconstant of frequently less than optimum. For instance, among patients suffering from ischemic stroke, levels of therapy with venous recombinant tissue-form plasminogen activator are comparatively minimal in Australia (7%), and US (5%) compared with Canada (12%) and specified European countries (Middleton & Grimley, 2014).

EVALUATION

Method This was a data ...

Major Achievements in Biology

Researchers and scientists are always intrigued by biological processes and activities, and strive to utilize them for benefit of mankind. Antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines and several therapeutic agents, high yielding as well as disease tolerant plants and animals are all results of extensive research in the fields of cell and molecular biology, immunology, biotechnology and genetic engineering. Treatment to several diseases, even genetic disorders are available today only due to breakthrough discoveries in biology. Three such important discoveries are revelation of structure of ribosomes through X-ray crystallography, identification of tumor specific antigens (TSA) expressed on the surface of cancer ...

Introduction

It is critical to understand that mechanical interventions and thrombolytic therapy are the commonly used approaches to treat both venous and arterial thrombotic complications. However, this approaches offer several limitations that are hard to ignore. First and foremost, there is a possibility of excessive bleeding and damage to the walls of the blood vessel. Secondly, the approach may fail to reach reperfusion. Thus, the use and application of ultra-sound accelerated thrombosis offer an entire revolution in vascular medicine. Again, the technologyis meant to withstand the test of time. Cleary, the technology has reduced the body dosage that would be ...

Flu is a viral disease that influences for the most part the nose, throat, bronchi and, once in a while, lungs. Disease typically goes on for around a week, and is portrayed by sudden onset of high fever, hurting muscles, cerebral pain and extreme disquietude, non-beneficial hack, sore throat and rhinitis (WHO, 2016). The name "flu" started in fifteenth century Italy, from a plague ascribed to "impact of the stars." The principal pandemic, or overall pestilence, that unmistakably fits the portrayal of flu was in 1580. No less than four pandemics of flu happened in the nineteenth century, and ...

We see these days restaurants like Chipotle and grocery stores claiming to serve non-genetically modified foods. Are we eating artificial food? Is that good for our bodies? Is that good for the food that is being modified? These questions raise awareness for people who are oblivious of what GMOs are and how they are affecting our daily lives. GMOs may be more common in our diets than we know. GMO stands for Genetically modified organism and is a term that stems from biotechnology. It is the alteration of the genetic code of an organism to either enhance its properties, ...

Abstract

Transformation remains, and hugely significant tool in extending the borders of life sciences and medicine. It can be referred as fixing intracellular DNA into a bacteria or organism through the vector, thus transforming it. This paper uses plasmid pUC18, self-reproducing circular/spherical strands of genes that may be modified. After the bacteria absorb the vector, some proteins not usually synthesized will occur. In this study, a system has been developed to monitor the transmittance of different DNA (genes) from a genetically transformed strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to E. coli. This mechanism is centered on yeast strains that contain several integrated ...

Bioethical Issues behind Gene Therapy Trials

Gene therapy is a prospective therapy for curing many genetic defects by correcting the mistakes happening at gene level. It can be somatic or germline targeting either blood or bone marrow in former and eggs or sperms in latter. Ethical issues prevail with the germline gene therapy and it has not been approved yet. Similarly, the gene therapy trials need to be regulated and is governed by many bioethical issues. In US, the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) regulates the gene therapy clinical trials. This organization has further sub-divisions that regulate the human subjects under trials through ...

Transgenic animal is one that harbors a foreign gene in its genome. It has been inserted into its genome, deliberately through human effort. The foreign gene has been constructed and inserted into the animal, using recombinant DNA technology. Different technologies enable the recombinant gene to be inserted into the transgenic animal and they are: embryonic stem cell method, pro-nucleus method, retro virus mediated gene transfer. The transgenic gene in the animal serves different functions. For example, it contributes to increased growth rate or increased disease resistance or enhances the nutrient value of a food animal or improves muscle mass ...

Immunizations in Children

According to World Health Organization (WHO), “Immunization is the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine” (World Health Organization). This definition of WHO can be further elaborated by saying that the concept of immunization works by stimulation of the immune system. The immune system performs the function of protecting the body against disease causing agents. In its healthy condition, the body’s immune system has the ability to recognize any invading microbe. The leucocytes identify the microbes and produce antibodies against them. These antibodies are capable ...

strains?” Researches on viruses have been carried out since time immemorial. Several vaccines, therapeutics, and targeted drug delivery systems have been developed only through extensive research on virulent strains. However, genetic engineering and molecular biology techniques have enabled scientists to manipulate, and develop new recombinant strains that may not occur in nature spontaneously. Proper containment of these engineered strains is essential as they might have properties that are entirely different from their parent strains. In September 2011 a researcher from Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam revealed how he had engineered avian influenza strain H5N1, and made it “more receptive to ...