Essays on Sampling Error

Internet Assignment – Locating Public Opinion Polls

Assignment #3: Public Opinion Polls The Gallup Organization What question did the pollster ask? “Based on what you have heard or read, how would you rate Donald Trump’s inauguration speech? Would you rate it as excellent, good, just okay, poor or terrible?” .

When was the poll conducted?

Give the percentage breakdowns for the response to the question you wrote above. Excellent 29% Good 24% Just okay 22% Poor 6% Terrible 14% Describe the poll’s methodology: Telephone interviews were conducted on January 20, 2017 using a random sample of 508 people over eighteen years of age living in the United States. The margin ...

Background Information and Justification of the Study (Introduction)

Over a period of two decades it has been observed that the professional bodies in the field of Orthotics and Prosthetics as well as other healthcare services from have been instrumental in trying to define the meaning and scope of continuing professional education for the structural basis and acknowledgement of individual progress through certifications for the same. The professionals in the field are also vying for these certifications for their professional growth and the certifications serve as tools to monitor and regulate the overall quality of continued education and in turn the public health. The International body in the ...

Introduction

Market and operations research as a means to gain insights into the various crucial aspects of business operations has gained importance in recent times aiding and supporting managerial decision making. Statistics as a tool of market and operations research and descriptive statistics in particular are playing an increasingly important role in managerial decision making. The present paper is based on a market survey of 150 respondents who were surveyed telephonically and were asked to provide information about themselves, their shopping habits and their view of how the three shopping areas fit into their shopping preferences. The responses were measured ...

Value-at-Risk

Introduction Risk assessment is essential in portfolio management. A portfolio manager has the duty of maximising returns of the portfolio of the assets for each level of risk. Alternatively, a portfolio manager should minimise the risk of the portfolio at any level of return of the portfolio. Several models are used in assessing the risk involved in a portfolio of investments. Value-at-risk is widely applied in determining portfolio risk. We explore the concept of value-at-risk and its usage in portfolio management.

It is a model that measures how much the value of a portfolio could fall over a specified ...

Abstract

This paper describes polls and survey methods using the examples of three types of polls, namely entertainment survey, political survey and general survey. The paper will also briefly describe the business application of polls and surveys. In conclusion the paper will present a small-scale survey devised by the author to showcase understanding of the subject.

Introduction

This paper presents a lecture on that describes how entertainment polls or surveys are conducted. For the purposes of this paper I have chosen the article from PR Newswire dated 4th April 2016 which describes a consumer survey conducted by E-Score that determined who ...

Part 1

A marketing survey leads to a collection of different types of data about a particular market or consumer group. The data collected can be from various elements of a market (e.g., a sample of car owners or night shoppers). If we are going to base our decisions on the results achieved through market research then, the research has to be highly valid. There is an often quoted statement “There are three types of lies---lies, damn lies, and statistics” by Benjamin Disraeli. This statement is true if the statistical procedures are not applied prudently and authentically. There are two main sources of misuse ...

Abstract

This paper analyses and compares the sample sizes used in three surveys in entertainment, political, and general category. It also contains the questionnaire, responses, and graphical presentation of individual survey.

Introduction

A survey is method of research whereby information and data is gathered through the use of questionnaire or interview (Schuman, 2008). In survey, the findings from a representative of the population are used to make conclusion and generalization about characteristics of the population. Therefore, the sample size should be appropriate to guarantee minimal sampling errors and validity.

The survey titled “‘Consumers Taking Control of Their Entertainment Ecosystems, Accenture Survey Finds; ...

Abstract

The objective of the current experiment is to describe how plants function and pass on the traits. Dark is dominant to wrinkled and Green is dominant to pale green. A statistical approach is used for goodness of fit between observed data and data that are predicted from a hypothesis. Null Hypothesis: The results of the experiment are in agreement with the Mendel’s Laws. Dark is dominant to wrinkled and Green is dominant to pale green. The chi square values that are greater than 3.841 are expected to occur less than 5 percent of the time due to random sampling ...

Questions on Understanding Data

Questions on Understanding Data

13-3 What is the difference between attribute data and variable data? Give several examples of each.

Attribute is the characteristic of a product. Attribute data is the data derived from the quality of the product, rather than quantifiable numbers. This data is in either yes or no; go or no go format. Though this data can be sometimes classified as subjective, it is compared to similar data to make it countable or discrete. Variable data is numerical information or the measured value of a product. This data can be quantified according to size, length, breadth, temperature. First examples of attribute data is, how many times has the machine failed to perform certain ...

Introduction

Army recruiters have continued to strategize on how to maximize recruitment of officers from the public. However, majority of their target group is high school students who have completed and graduated with a diploma. In fact, they went ahead to create a database with all the personal information of individuals aged between 16 – 25 years. This may imply intrusion of privacy of their target groups, most of which are high school students and a few who have graduated. This even went over board when the 2002 act of “No child left behind” was passed. The act required that all beneficiaries of federal ...

Introduction

Sampling is an essential element to the Research groups since it assist in the provision of a variety of statistical data or information whose nature is quantitative or rather qualitative concerning a broader coverage or pollution by select a specific unit for examination. This is general away by which an inference is created to represent the whole through examining a unit. It tests some given data or information basing it a small sample. 1. How would you describe this sampling methodology? This is kind of sampling methodology is a true reflection of the entire population. It is construction by taking into consideration such factors ...

QUESTION 1

Explain basic differences between marketing managers and marketing researchers. Marketing researchers are personnel involved in the logical gathering of relevant information and analyzing it scientifically to provide solutions to marketing concerns. They are not involved in decision making rather they provide decision makers with information and various alternatives of implementing marketing strategies. Marketing managers analyze information collected by researchers to chart, direct and bring together marketing information including demand for items and identify customers. They also determine pricing strategies to ensure profit maximization to the organisation and ensure customer satisfaction. They make decisions on needs to introduce ...

Inductive theory of research – involves a researcher starting from very specific data and then proceeding towards more general information about the research. For example, studying the culture of a person to understand the culture of the clan from which the person comes. Deductive theory of research – works in reverse to the inductive theory. I.e. the research begins from a broad perspective and narrows down to individuals as it proceeds. Epistemological considerations of research try to define the origin nature and scope of knowledge. It uses both positivist approach (scientific study of knowledge) and interpretive approach which deals with how a person ...

Abstract

This paper seeks to demonstrate the analytical process of determining insurance metrics by evaluating the effects or risks of location (country), type of industry and number of years on key financial metrics. This paper uses the Analysis of Variance approach to determine the effects of the above-mentioned variables on key financial metrics and identifies where these variables have an impact and where they do not. For simplicity, certain assumptions have been taken. These include the exclusion of the possible effect of sampling errors and the effects of other variables that have not been identified. In doing so, this paper ...