Essays on Scandal

What are some of the ideal structures that are currently in use today? Conduct a web search on four types of departments. Choose one department that is very large (more than 1000 sworn police officers); choose one that is considered large sized (more than 150 but less than 1000); choose a medium sized department (between 50 to 149 sworn officers) and finally a small department (less than 50 sworn officers). Go to each department’s website and find their Year-end Report. If one doesn’t exist for the department you choose, try to find another agency in the same ...

Background

Successful modern business marketing lays emphasis on meeting the needs of the customers. This focus is a departure in the opposite direction from the traditional business whose major concern was selling its products or services. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is one way of meeting not only the direct customers’ desires but also the needs and expectations of all the stakeholders of a business (Ortenblad 2016). Unethical profiteering practices of large companies and customer awareness due to free flow of information have forced many companies to make CSR a key strategic focus in their conduct of business. Besides enabling a ...

Abstract

The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) is a highly broad and intricate assortment of regulations that govern the purchase process of the federal government. The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) ensures that the measures of purchasing are standard and unwavering, and guarantees that they are undertaken in an impartial and unbiased manner. It is imperative that owners of small businesses and the official mandated with contracting to understand and have a full comprehension of the FAR (Koprince, 2012). Failure to understand the regulation leads to pricey pitfalls, such as those which will be discussed in this essay. The Inchcape Shipping Service ...

The President,

United States of America. Introduction The concept of corporate ethics is widely accepted today. In order to stabilize the growth and development of the overall U.S economy, industries regardless of their nature or size must be instructed to follow certain ethical guidelines. In the current corporate environment, it is advisable for the U.S government to introduce three key changes to its corporate governance framework. First, there should be a single body or statutory regime to deal with corporate governance affairs in the country. Second, corporate ethics is essential to distinguish the roles of chairman and chief executive officer in ...

Babe or George Herman Ruth Jr. became one of the brightest persons in the baseball’s history. His life can be treated as an example of an urban fairy tale, where a poor character obtains success with the aid of own traits and a combination of circumstances. Ruth was an owner of several significant records. He showed himself not only in sport; Ruth became the first baseball player who made managers to pay him $125,000 per year. The athlete was one of the first inductees of the Baseball Hall of Fame. He indirectly created a legend of the ...

Introduction

Earnings or Net Income is the single most important figure in a company’s financial statement for the average investor. Even a small fall in the reported earnings can result in the loss of millions of dollars in stock value and subjects company managements to scrutiny by investors and financial analysts. Corporate executives are under therefore under pressure to meet market expectations resulting in “earnings management”. Earnings manipulations can range from minor adjustments within the law and the accounting standards to the outright fraud of showing non-existing profits (Carruth, 2011). The Sarbanes- Oxley (SOX) Act of 2002 was enacted ...

Abstract

The Madoff Securities scandal was one of the biggest Ponzi schemes to hit America. This essay would examine the Madoff scandal from an audit perspective since it was the complacency (or collusion) of the auditors that encouraged the perpetrator of this scam. While the scam that was pulled by Bernie Madoff, was both large and difficult to spot, its detection also helped expose a crucial flaw that existed in corporate America at the time. This was the lack of regulatory oversight in the Securities business. While one could lay the blame for this scandal on the Regulator, another important ...

Analysis of the People Dynamics of the Construction Project of New Century Global Centre, Chengdu, China

Introduction Chengdu was designated by the Chinese government to become a major convergence point for trade between China and the rest of the world. The New Century Global Centre in Chengdu is the world’s biggest building and was constructed between 2010 and 2013 as a major project by the Chinese government in the Sichuan Province. The building has a floor space of 1.7 million meters square and covers a floor area of over 170 hectares. The purpose of this essay is to critically evaluate the human dynamics of the project management that transpired in the construction of the ...

Introduction

Over the last few decades, there have been several changes in the roles of audit companies notably due to challenges that have affected the ethics and integrity of the institution of auditing. Traditionally, audit companies are mandated with the responsibility of analysing the financial systems, financial records as well as the compliance of companies’ financial reporting procedures with the specific national regulations. The effectiveness of audit companies in implementing these duties is extremely important in the public trust in business organizations around the world. Local and international investors rely on the accuracy of audit reports produced by audit companies ...

Business Memo

Re:

Introduction

In light of the scandal regarding Stephen Glass’ fabricated article - 27 articles out of 41 articles - this memo is to provide a clear explanation as to what happened along with recommendations as to what needs to be done going forward. Given that the paper’s reputation is clearly at stake, thanks to an apology that had to be made, this incident where we dupe our readers into reading fiction, as we can all agree, should never happen again at the New Republic.

Message

The journalist’s life is not an easy one. We have to churn out ...

Introduction

On June 17, 1972, Americans woke up to the news of several burglars arrested in the Democratic Nation Committee (DNC) offices located in the Watergate building. The robbery, later named the Watergate scandal, was highly linked to President Richard Nixon because he took part in protecting people suspected of committing the crime. Several media houses and bloggers covered the scandal giving different views on the issue. News coverage of the Watergate scandal impacted the views of Americans on politics and politicians differently. The following essay analyzes two articles that described the conduct of President Nixon regarding the Watergate scandal ...

<<Author>> <<Purpose of the Paper>>

Volkswagen Ethics

Hotten. R. (2015). Volkswagen: The Scandal Explained. BBCNews.com. Retrieved from: http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34324772

Volkswagen Ethics

The Automobile industry like many others prides itself in its quality manufacturing processes, adherence to compliance norms, innovation and customer satisfaction. However, over the last few decades the industry is plagued with myriad cases of ethical misdemeanors. Some of the unethical behavior probably arises from pressures of business, profits, shareholder value and competition (Bazerman and Tenbrunsel, 2011). In some cases, leaders turn a blind eye to unethical practices. In one of the older cases from the 1970s, ...

Essay 1- We don’t make news, we just report it, or do we?

It can be argued without any contradiction that the fast-changing media has always and will continue to set the national agenda on many issues, particularly in the political arena. Political polarization, media bias and being a people’s “watchdog” are some of the agenda that the media drives today (Doris & Dunaway p. 10). For the purpose of this essay, media bias, both conservative and liberal, and its impact are discussed from a political point of view. A liberal story that suffices is the one done by the Daily Caller news website in 2010 (Huston, p.1). The “Journolist” was a ...

BUSINESS: UNETHICAL BUSINESS PRACTICES

L. Dennis Kozlowski, CEO of Tyco International Scandal A fish rots from the top down. This phrase sums up the scandal of Tyco International when its CEO, Dennis Kozlowski, was found guilty on many fraudulent accounts. His actions were in direct violation of the accounting ethics. Kozlowski was arrested along with many of his company officials as partners in crime. When the CEO of a company is involved in violating code of ethics and professionalism, the employees and subordinates find it convenient to follow suit. Former chief executive and chairman of Tyco International, Dennis Kozlowski and firm’s CFO ...

Introduction

Watergate was a controversial scandal that rocked the USA in the 1970s, following a burglary attempt at the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters located in Watergate Office Complex in Washington D.C. and the alleged involvement of the then US president Richard Nixon in the cover-up. The Watergate scandal marked a historic significance in the US politics as it showed how politicians abused their power to get what they desired. The Watergate scandal brought to the surface an array of secret and illegal activities conducted by the members of the Nixon administration. These activities involved the adoption of unethical means ...

Introduction

Fox News is viewed as a trusted source of news for Conservative Americans. It has been behind some of the biggest scandals in history including the Clinton-Lewinsky scandal of the late 1990s. However, in July 2016, there was a scandal involving sexual harassment claims by a journalist against the CEO of Fox News. This paper will examine the elements of ethics and business credibility in business communication in Fox News at this point.

The Roger Ailes Scandal

Roger Ailes is the chairman and CEO of Fox News, making him the most powerful individual in the media house. On July 6, a former host ...

International Olympic Committee Ethical Issues

Background One of the most recent scandals occupying the headlines of the international print and social media is the doping scandal, surrounding the Russian Olympic and Paralympic Team and the participation of the athletes in the Olympic Games in Rio this August. The Games have started and it is evident that the International Olympic Committee (IOC) along with Independent Committee and Brazilian Authorities took the decision not to ban the team from participation, causing dual and controversial response from the international community. The organization in a focus of the scandal is the IOC, heavily criticized for the way it ...

Explain the main changes that occurred after WWII

World War II produced major changes in the way the main economic and military powers related. The United States had seized the opportunity to build its network of international allies, and President Truman made efforts to increase the spread of capitalism and defeat to communism and another socialist movement. The post-war era brought a lot of success to American corporate companies, a factor that increased government resources in the ensuing boom of the 1950’s. Same way, military expenditure increased by double digits between 1947 to 1960, and part of the money was used to offer military support to ...

VOLKSWAGEN CASE STUDY

Executive summary: Volkswagen is the leading manufacturer of car products. This company holds Volkswagen group and produced a variety of models. Recently, Volkswagen has been involved in the emission scandals of their equipped vehicles. The company vehicles are equipped with software that was cheating on emission tests. Hence, Volkswagen is the top selling brand of Volkswagen group. Since 1975 the company has been treated as world largest automaker in the world. Volkswagen has the most cars of the automobile manufacturer which has multiple revisions of model names. In this, the crisis management of the Volkswagen emission scandal has been ...

Introduction

According to Trevino & Nelson (2011, p. 35), fraud does not happen as a coincidence. To be specific, fraud in organizations is usually premeditated and has to happen in the right conditions and members of the organization in authority often set these conditions. As such, identifying the root causes of fraud, which is called fraud deterrence, should be one of the priorities of corporate governance. Since fraud has been a common menace in the history of organizational management, various strategies, government regulations, and acts have been developed to prevent the occurrence of fraud (Giroux, 2013, p. 32). These procedures cover ...

Managing organizational behavior is an approach to create effective human behavior in the organization. It investigates the actions and attitude of the employee towards each other and organization. It affects the individual and organizational performance and may create complexities in the organizational culture. I have chosen the case study of HealthSouth Corporation that covers the impact of ethical leadership on employee job performance and the company growth. HealthSouth Corporation is providing health care services and based in the United States. The organization is serving the nation with the team of best employees. It is specialized in different health care ...

Introduction

Hillary Clinton’s presidential campaign was launched in April 2015. She notified the public on her campaign website by stating that “I’m running for president”. She proclaimed herself a champion and stated that “Everyday Americans need a champion”. The mission statement provided by Clinton’s campaign is “We are a team, and this is about Americans”. Heading her campaign as chair is John Podesta, a former Whitehouse Chief of Staff. Campaign manager, Robby Mook, has been a long time Democratic player. Chief strategist and pollster is Joel Benenson who will have support from two other pollsters, John Anzalone ...

Is Public Relations an ethical profession?

Introduction Public Relations has been defined in many ways over time and across industries. The Institute of Public Relations in USA defines it as the deliberate, planned and sustained effort that goes into maintaining a mutual understanding between an organization and its public consumer. Edward L. Bernays defined it as the method of information persuasion and a method employed to develop public support for a cause, an activity, a movement or even an organization . Herbert M. Baus proposed yet another definition that Public Relations was a combination of many subjects including philosophy, sociology, economics, psychology, journalism, language and communication, ...

Communication within an Organization

Communication within an Organization

In the Volkswagen Emission Scandal of 2015, the Enviornmenal Protecton Agency brought into light the cheating device installed by VW cars into its diesel engines to cheat the performance of its results when tested for smoke emission. In recent years, the German car giant pushed for the selling of its diesel cars in the United States, and their campaign was backed by their claim about the car’s low smoke emissions. It was a moved that would have brought an enormous sales gain for the company, but its eventual detection resulted in the fall of ...

A: Profile of CCP Leader

Li Keqiang assumed the position of Premier of the State Council of China during the 18th Congress of the Communist Party (CCP) in 2012. He is expected to feature prominently in the 19th CCP, scheduled for 2017. Many reports indicate that Xi Jinping has consolidated his power over the CCP Politburo and will hold on to power for two more terms totaling 15 years at the top. Due to this, it is apparent that Li Keqiang could either work as the Chinese Premier for a long time to come or he might become the focus of a major power ...

Background

Enron case study dwells upon one of the most known scandals in business ethics and financial world. Founded in 1985 as a result of the merger between Houston Natural Gas and Internorth, Enron Corporation starts trading natural gas commodities in 1989. Throughout the 90s,the company was considered one of the most innovative and attractive for investment companies in the country. Renown for its unique business model and trading businesses, the company benefitted from a positive image, shareholder trust and external financing (Li, 2010). With a number of changes in leadership from Jeffrey Skilling to Kenneth Lay, who occupied ...

The Conservative movement had peaked and began its decline at the end of World War I. For nearly thirty years, liberals had the weight of political power as conservatism in America was left fragmented. The Old Right, the Neoconservatives, and the Libertarians had similar foundational ideals regarding communism and the economy, but they were not united. When Ronald Reagan became commander in chief of the United States in 1980, a consolidation of the conservatives began and the New Right emerged. Reagan was an essential motivator behind the conservative revolution in the 1980’s. Equality and privacy were the aims ...

1. How would you characterize Martha Stewart’s initial public relations response to the charges against her? Martha Stewart’s initial response was inappropriate. She should have shifted from her usual image of being blunt, stern and tight-lipped to a more accommodating. She did not answer the press when asked and instead went online later to issue her response. Her stance conveyed an image of aloofness. It was time to speak but instead she stayed silent. She needed to reassure her supporters and stakeholders that she is fine and they will overcome the problems. 2. What key public relations ...

Attribute Standard 1312 issued by the IIA indicates that Internal Audit Departments purporting to follow IIA Standards must have an external assessment “conducted at least once every five years by a qualified, independent reviewer or review team from outside the organization. Two such organizations include World Com and Fannie Mae. The two organizations were in the news owing to various reporting and internal audit practices that may have resulted in their collapse, as is the case of World Com or hefty financial losses for their shareholders and other stakeholders. Consequent to such observations, the objective of this paper is ...

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Introduction

The failure of Enron due to unethical practices had served as a lesson for the entire world. Firstly, it was first of its kind and secondly, there was a chain reaction of wrong actions to cover up smaller misdoings. Every field of study tried to find out the real reasons of failure of Enron as a corporate. Some claimed it to be financial failure, some as leadership failure, some as cultural failure and some as corporate governance failure. This case is one of the basics to understand corporate social responsibility and implications of failure to ...

During the late twentieth century, American faith in government declined significantly. It happened because of different scandals connected with the US politicians. These events often showed that American officials had the same disadvantages as ordinary people, and this fact decreased community’s faith in the system. Watergate scandal became one of the famous events in this category. It was the only such incident in the US history that made the President Left his post. The scandal started after 5 people illegally entered “into the Democratic National Committee headquarters on May 27, 1972” (Guidotti). Criminals were arrested during the second ...

The Fall of Tesco Plc 4

Introduction 4 The aim and objectives of the research project 4 Rationale 5 Literature Review 5 Research Methods 7 Research Questions 7 The chosen methods for primary data collection 7 Findings 8 Manipulation of suppliers 8 Accounting Scandal 8 The rise of discounting stores across the United Kingdom 9 Horsemeat outrage 9 Failure to add customer value 9 Discussion and Analysis 10 Conclusions 12 Recommendations 12 Directed at the organization 12 Areas for future research 13 Reflection 13

References 14

The Fall of Tesco Plc Introduction A Statement of the Problem The choice of this research owes its motivation and driving ...

The Madoff Securities case was a phenomenal one, in terms of the sheer size of the funds involved, the duration over which the scam took place as well as the stature of the victims affected. In most comparable schemes, the victims are usually those who have a very limited understanding of financial products and such schemes mostly do not last very long. This paper will review the case by determining the regulatory oversight in place at the time of the scandal and reasons why this scheme was not discovered as well as delve into other aspects of the case.

Regulatory Oversight of the SEC

...

Book Review – New York Exposed: The Gilded Age Scandal that

New York City in the late 19th-century has been shown through scholarly research and historical investigation to be a den of vice, with police-sanctioned brothels and unchecked political graft taking place on a large, systemic level. This matrix of criminal protections and laissez-faire attitude toward criminality led to the origins of the New York mob, and is a considerably important subject for historical scholars. Daniel Czitrom’s latest account of this early corruption, New York Exposed: The Gilded Age Police Scandal that Launched the Progressive Era, demonstrates the forces that began to identify the Gilded Age as one of ...

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is an independent federal agency aimed at providing intelligence relevant to national security and prevention of terrorism. The CIA is governed by a Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) who is authorized to serve as head of the United States intelligence community act as the principal adviser to the President in the matters regarding national security ("About CIA."). One of the most controversial and scandalous operations of the CIA is the adoption of the enhanced interrogation techniques. At the core of the issue was the question of whether suggested methods of interrogation could be vindicated. ...

Leadership is the most radical and central aspect of any organization. While good management promotes quantitative and qualitative results, poor management compromises achievements and successful outcomes. That is why the end results of an organization are a projection of the leadership style in the said institution. As such, this paper analyses the threat in Volkswagen’s management in line with the various leadership theories.

Volkswagen`s Fraudulent

The leadership in Volkswagen illuminates an ill culture with the potential of undermining this auto giant reputation. Following the recent scandal of emission test, it is clear that the management in the organization is ailing. ...

(Student’s Full Name)

“At his best, man is the noblest of all animals; separated from law and justice he is worst”—Aristotle The above statement made by Aristotle emphasizes the significance of law and justice in not only maintaining order, but also help to affirm the nobility and distinction of human beings. In Thrasymachus’s account of justice, the philosopher presents his argument that different individuals and different states perceive the concept of justice differently. For the purposes of this essay, I will be focusing on 377a and 344e, while paying special attention to 338d-339a, 338a-339d, and 343b-344c. ...

Abstract

This paper explores a published article that reports about machination of the Volkswagen Company. The Volkswagen admitted late last year that it fitted as many as 11 million diesel vehicles worldwide with software that could cheat emissions tests. The organization of the US Environmental Protection determined that these cars in 15-35 times are violating emission standards. The company under the leadership of Winterkorn falsified pollution tests by installing software to make vehicles appear cleaner than they were. The bottom line is that Volkswagen's former CEO Martin Winterkorn has retired and he is attracted to criminal liability over the diesel ...

Introduction:

The internal environment of a company is dependent to a large extent on the ethical attitudes among the employees. Often, it is not easy for employees to take moral and ethical decisions that go against the monetary interests of the company. Employees making an ethical decision adverse to the interests of the employer usually forms a part of whistle blowing and is often met with retributions and recriminations from the employer. While employees have some obligations to their company and to their employer, they also have wider obligations to the society and to the country at large. ‘Whistle blowing’ ...

The biggest scandal of the early 21 th century was that of "Enron". The financial collapse of US energy giant happened with the participation of offshore companies. In the 90s the company began to trade, not only gas but also electricity. The Corporation has entered the stock market, which allowed it to have room for financial maneuvering. "Enron" was the largest trader in the electricity market in 2001 and reached TOP-10 in the "Fortune 500" list. Naturally, there were close links with major policies - it is the "Enron" has become a sponsor of the longwall-George W. Bush in ...

Contract Issues

This is a case of the Essendon Football Club, a professional football club which plays in the Australian Football League (AFL). This paper focuses on the legal battle that the EFC faces concerning their alleged use of prohibited supplemental drugs in what is currently referred to as the Essendon doping scandal. The parties involved in the said saga were the EFC (including all of its constituents), the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), the Australian Sports Anti-Doping Agency (ASADA), and the Australian Football League. The main object in the case was the banned and prohibited peptide Thymosin Beta 4 . Focusing on ...

The paper highlights the scandal of Enron and three prominent issues of Enron which led to the collapse of Enron. Enron was energy, commodities, and services company based in Houston, America. After reaching an incredible height of success, Enron Corporation collapsed because of bankruptcy. The policies implemented by Enron backfired and proved to be fatal for the company,as the company crumbled down. The deregulation of Enron was one of the reasons for its doomed fate since Enron was involved in maintaining agency’s earnings reports for investors. Enron did the reporting in a vague manner, hence hiding the ...

1. What governance practices could have prevented the demise of Barings Bank? Barings Bank was founded in 1962. It is previously known as Baring Brothers & Co. It was the oldest merchant bank in England and collapsed on February 26, 1995. The bank had been faced bankruptcy for the second time because of this reason. There were several issues that it had been processed. It changed the regulatory of the development of worldwide financial transactions, indoor trading, executive remuneration and misuse of pensions fund made it strengthen through those changes. As per Hurst and Wood (1993) report, there were many ...

1. Anderson, L.V. (2016, May 19). Ethics compliance training is a waste of time. Slate Magazine. This article, despite the cynical title, provides good research concerning the process by which companies implement ethics compliance training programs, including what incentive they have and how the external legal environment influences them to do this. The article begins by stating that the predominant form of ethics compliance training that all onboarded employees typically take in corporate organizations in the United States are in the form of eLearning courses. The article describes the typical mandatory basic ethics, harassment and discrimination training that are ...

Introduction

PhamaCARE is a top tier pharmaceutical manufacturing company with programs that aim at solving medical problems for poor people through discounts and partnerships. Based in New Jersey, PhamaCARE has operations across the world, and presence in an African country, Colberia. Most people in Colberia live below poverty line, and they are ready to do anything for a living, no matter how lowly it pays.

Scenario and Stakeholders

PhamaCARE has struck a deal with traditional healers in Colberia that will get them exchanging knowledge about their medical herbs with the company. The arrangement has opened opportunities for thousands of people, who rummage in ...

(Teacher)

The recent history of the United States is filled with conflict against other nations, peace negotiations, and cooperation within the country in a constant struggle for growth. After almost 250 years since becoming an independent nation, this country is still young and establishing its culture. Not only does the United States have a political history of conflict, it struggles to keep children from poverty and seems to fail miserably.

Pacific Relations with Vietnam.

The Vietnam War was originally between North Vietnam with support from its allies who were communist and the South Vietnam who wanted to avoid communist and had the United ...

Ethics in accounting is a high profile issue due to the numerous corporate scandals that have taken place in many organizations resulting to massive damages to the economy. In particular, these scandals question the morality of accountants. Many reports have argued that accountants have the main responsibility for ensuring continued ethical standards in business. The state of ethics of accountants today is in a critical position because of the numerous audit failures that have been there in various organizations. Recently, there have been a number of financial scandals facing organizations from all over the world. Among the most recent ...

The 1920s was known as the Roaring Twenties in the American history because of changes in the social norms, and the country experienced a strong economic boom (Kennedy: 2). During the time of widespread economic gain, the application of fair value in accounting and lack of regulation in security markets left the investors at great risk. That is the reported figures of stock prices had no information justifying their values. Similarly, financial institutions such as banks were lending recklessly with no guarantees to their clients. Consequently, the gap between the rich and the poor in America increased steadily (pbs.org). ...

In Shonda Rhymes’ “Scandal”, the appeal of the film comes from the opportunity it offers to the viewers to get closer to the close world of American politics, and into the White House. By making the President of the United States humane and likable, the filmmaker ensured that the audiences would find the show fascinating and intriguing. In the last episode of the show’s 2nd season, namely episode 22: “Who’s Your Daddy”, Olivia Pope and her team manages to hide the issues of the election fraud and to reestablish the authenticity of the show comes from its ...

The Savings and Loan Crisis, or commonly known as S&L, is termed as one of the largest financial crisis in the United States history. The crisis began in the late 1970s, and its impacts on the economy were felt in the 1980s and ended in the early 1990s. Various sources have indicated the causes of the S&L crises. Some of the documented reasons include high and volatile interest rates during the period, the phase-out and its elimination, negative regional economic conditions, and federal and state deregulation of depository institutions. Other reasons include deregulation of the thrift industry, declining regulatory ...

Executive Summary

The purpose of this report is to analyse the dairy industry in China and provide recommendations on the creation of a joint venture between a foreign company and a local company in China. A market overview is done to establish the current market situation. The current market situation is analysed when overviewing the market. The writer looks at the production and consumption rate in the country. A literature review is used to analyse the production and consumption of dairy products in the country. Information from website and other secondary sources especially statistics from the dairy associations in country is ...

In the case study, it is pointed out that all through the late 1990s, Enron Corporation was nearly universally regarded as being among the country’s most innovative corporations (Li 37). The company went on building power plants and operating gas lines; however, it turned out to be well known for its exceptional trading business. Apart from buying, as well as selling, electricity and gas futures, it engaged in the creation of entirely fresh markets for such eccentric ‘products’ “as broadcast time for advertisers, weather futures, and internet bandwidth” (Li 37). Enron Corporation was established in 1985, and being ...

Introduction

Mark to market, also called fair value accounting, has been one of the most controversial accounting methodologies in financial reporting. Mark to market refers to an accounting process in which the reporting entities report the value of assets and liabilities as per the current market value as opposed to the book price thus making the methodology highly subjective (Association of American Bankers, 2016: Serakibi, n.d.). Therefore, since the reported value is pegged on the prevailing market value, it follows that the value of the financial statement would change as the market changes. In most cases, the change in value ...

Sometime in 2015, the German automobile manufacturer Volkswagen was caught up in an ethical scandal concerning a violation of the American Clean Air Act. The issue had been flagged by the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA), who detected that the Volkswagen car brand had the defective software. The details had revealed that the software installed to govern the engine could sense whenever the vehicles were being tested and subsequently activate emission reduction from the equipment. The same could later turn down when driven regularly and result in emissions that were way above the allowed limit as per the environmental standards ...

The Enron bankruptcy scandal is a great example of the Mishkin’s concerns about asymmetric information problems. The key reason of the Enron scandal was that the management knew about huge financial losses of the company, but with help of various loopholes in accounting and poor financial reporting, top managers succeeded in hiding billions of dollars of financial losses and failed projects. This has created a situation characterized by the availability of asymmetric information, described by Frederic S. Mishkin in all the details. Enron was one of the largest and known audit companies in the world, and other top ...

It is hard to imagine a company operating efficiently, with no external partners, still less employees around. Being an international giant that it is, Ford Motors has important stakeholders in external partners or suppliers, such as Bosh and TRW reported to provide the producer with critical components like brakes, seatbelts and airbags. There are elements vital to the safety of actual or would-be car owners, and the latter use this customer value as a benefit to compare it with the financial sacrifice the purchase implies. The reputation, employment conditions, and reasonable prices suppliers have to offer advantage the product ...

There can be no debate about the fact that the stories of Sherlock Holmes are among the most popular as well as critically acclaimed literary works in the history of English literature. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the eminent literary artist who created the character of Sherlock Holmes has left an immortal mark in the minds of the avid readers from all the corners of the world with his unparalleled characterization, mystery and narrative that exude the author’s literary quintessence in engaging the readers to the texts in the best possible manner. Although the texts were penned by Doyle ...

Introduction

This essay will explore the role that the American media plays in forming public opinion. This essay will particularly focus on the area of public opinion, media influence and politics. It will investigate whether, or not the media plays a key role in forming public opinion when it comes to politics. It will discover what the extent of their influence is. The research methodology in this essay has been taken from, statistical data, journals, academic presentations, books, newspaper articles, and video recordings. This topic has been chosen, because it is a current issue that is playing out in the ...

A problem in the U.S. supply chain could affect several products that include: milk, yoghourt, butter, cheese, ice cream, crackers, sandwich bread, candy, chocolate, cereals, and lunch meats. An ice cream business that uses contaminated milk in its manufacturing processes could damage consumer trust in its products, trigger product safety alerts, and face legal suits from customers and the government (Lim). The management of the company should be held responsible for the use of contaminated milk in its manufacturing processes. The management of the company owes its customers a duty of care to ensure that they only produce food ...

Executive Summary

Corporate social responsibility is an issue that needs to be upheld by all firms in the market. This ranges from the large to small firms. The essay will therefore look into the corporate responsibility in connection to Volkswagen. The company has been facing issues due to the diesel emission of their vehicles that later translated to a scandal. The company depicted inability to provide the right information regarding its emissions. The essay will also give some of the recommendations that the company undertook and the implications on the various stakeholders and the mission as well as the corporate responsibility ...