Essays on Slave

In the age of slavery, white American society considered African people to be benighted heathens with the other skin color, body structure, and inappropriate traditions and culture. Such conclusions were drawn mostly upon the widespread idea about the superiority of Whites and the absence of Christianity in Africa. American society prevented the assimilation of African-American slaves even after the generations of their presence on the American land and repudiated their equality to Whites even when they started to adopt Christian way of life. For Americans, African people had continued to be barbarians who had come to America to be ...

Question 1: Initial Post

The books Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl written by Harriet Jacobs and Blake; or the Huts of America (1859–1861) by Katy L. Chiles extensively compares in the themes, especially the plight of slaves during the antebellum period. Keckley’s is an autobiographical non-fiction narrative that describes her childhood experiences and her plight as a woman slave. At the age of 14, Keckley is raped by a white man and gives birth to a son, George. Mrs. Burwell, on the other hand, encourages Mr. Bingman, the schoolmaster to physically abuse her in order to suppress her ...

Many people associate slavery with the transatlantic slave trade of the past and believe that it is an institution that has been left in the past. This paper will look at how modern slavery differs from the transatlantic slave trade. The paper provides different arguments and examples from history of slavery and compares it to its current form. Moreover, the paper will include types of slavery that exist today. The role of United Nation to control the slavery in different countries will also be discussed. The paper will not only present the history of slavery but it will also ...

For some human rights to work each and every person ought to possess a well-defined domain of agency and this domain requires to be defined by the person’s rights, in which he is strongly shielded from external disturbances. Therefore, to respect other people’s rights is to make sure that they may pursue their goals provided they do not violate others people’s rights to pursue their goals. Certainly, for people to come up with and pursue their goals, agents require to be soundly guaranteed that they will be able to make use of definite means and perform ...

The two former slaves provided their accounts of life under the fierce claws of the slave masters. The basis of their artistry is deemed as the most significant literary account of the slavery. They shared numerous experiences as well as disparities in the manner they were handled and their constant struggles to freedom.

Comparison

Both Douglas and Jacobs were subjected to hard labor. In what was characteristic of slavery, the two had similar experiences in their slave lives. As part of the barbaric treatment of slaves, their masters sent them to hard labor (Ernest, 49). Douglas Fredrick is sent to ...

Slavery was a part of the American culture for almost a whole decade (1776-1865), and during that time, many people had to suffer inhumanly for the only solid reason of being a bit different from someone else. There is no way of wiping the past from the memories of those who have struggled, which means that the terror of slavery will always be a part of the human history. As the experience shows, world history is far from being pretty. It has presented its evils so many times that merely counting them would take ages. Every major society, every ...

One of the most dramatic ways in which the 19th century affected slavery was the abolishing of the slave trade from outside the United States in 1808 by an act of Congress. Despite this, slavery itself remained an institution until the end of the American Civil War in 1865. The last slave ship to arrive on American soil was the Clotilde, illegally smuggling African slaves into Mobile, Alabama in 1859. While the trading of slaves was abolished, the antebellum South still had more than its fair share of slaves to work the cotton fields and raise the South’s ...

Introduction

Since the dawn of human civilization annihilation of millions of people has been occurring. After the two World Wars, this annihilation took place through many civil wars fought within the nations all over the world. The Genocide or the mass killing of a particular ethnic group has been a common phenomenon in civil wars. In 1990s, the Kashmiri Hindus were expelled by Muslim terrorists through severe massacre. The question is whether mass massacre is the answer to any problem. There is a universal agreement that genocide is immoral and unethical (Jones, 1999). Still even after the horrified consequences of ...

The decade of 1845 to 1855 witnessed a rapid rise in abolitionist sentiments across the United States. Interestingly, at the forefront of the abolition movement were ex-slaves narrating their experiences in the hopes of eliciting a response from the anti-slavery forces. Now, and in perhaps the most effective tactic that the slaves employed, their narratives counteracted the dehumanizing nature of slavery. In other words, rather than accept the notion of white supremacy on which the slavery system survived, persons of African descent escaping their masters applied different tactics to argue for racial equality in the hopes of liberation for ...

When a society started to form around any kind of institution, just like what the South did in slavery, they will create arguments to support their claims. That was what the supporters of slavery did. They created their arguments as to why the Peculiar Institution must be defended (Nash 1). The Peculiar Institution is basically slavery. It started in the United States during the early settlements of the Europeans and ended with the Civil War. During that time, slavery existed both in the North and South. There was a time when slavery was equal in both regions. However, when ...

1. Douglass’s main point stated that Independence Day cannot be considered a holiday as the problem of slavery has not yet been solved. This speech discovers the conflict between the slave mentality and human formation, between the state of mental, spiritual emptiness and longing for freedom. I agree with his speech because Douglas preached the idea of unity and indivisibility of the country, which is necessary for a true patriot and a loyal citizen. He believed that every citizen should be interested primarily in the development of the nation and the state as a whole which is incompatible ...

Foremost, about the losses that the Westerners caused in countries with which they came into contact, imperialism revolved around perceptions of white supremacy. The possession of white skin became the ticket one needed to guarantee his or her place among the civilized nations while that of any other shade belonged to a lower class. Surprisingly, while signs of the given perceptions were present even when the Portuguese used religion as a cause for exploration and domination of the world in the seventeenth century, it was not until the mid-nineteenth century that the West found conclusive proof. In 1859, Charles ...

It is said that great character comes from the inside of a person and not the outside; that good people can be found in any race, color, gender and creed. Such is true in the case of Amanda Smith, a pioneer in evangelism and servitude during the late 19th century. Smith’s genuine character proved that goodness could transcend color, gender and tragic experience. Amanda Smith was born into slavery on January 23, 1837 in a rural town in Maryland. She spent the majority of the adolescent and adult years, however, in York, Pennsylvania, joining the family there after ...

The complexities of racism, and the ways in which society should end it, remains intriguing fodder for literature. Some of the most intriguing portrayals of these arguments are in Frances Watkins Harper’s “The Slave Auction” and “The Slave Mother,” Luis Valdez’s “Los Vendidos,” and Zitkala-Sa’s School Days of an Indian Girl. While Harper’s direct, anguished portrayals of the evils of the slave trade elicit an implicit argument to stop these practices and end their pain, Valdez is more explicit in his call for aggressive revolution and demolishing of stereotypes, and Zitkala-Sa similarly advocates for a ...

After a read of Belinda Sutton’s 1783 Petition and the 1791 letter dubbed To Thomas Jefferson from Benjamin Banneker, it is impossible to overlook the authors’ shared perception of men and women of color deserving more than what the Caucasians gave them at the time. Sutton believed that after her years of captivity as the human chattel of one Isaac Royall, she should have a “morsel of [the] immense wealth” her servitude under bondage had given the master (1783, par.5). Similarly, in a wider perspective of the racist ideologies that fueled the slavery system, Banneker insisted that his ...

Introduction

Who wins and who loses? The one who wins has reflected his or her ability to influence the behavior of others. This is power. As defined by Robert Dahl, a leading political theorist, power is the ability of one to get another to do something he or she would not otherwise do as a result of the will imposed by the other, where adherence is driven by obligation rather than force. Power is dynamic, relative, situational and multidimensional. According to Steve Lukes, there are three dimensions of power. The first dimension of power is intentional and active, and involves ...

Question I:

The use of social categories to rationalizing or justifying the treatment of one group over another In America before the 1880, social categories were the norm. They found use in rationalizing and justifying the treatment of one group over another. An excellent example of this is evident in slavery, as well as, the slave trade that thrived during this period. Social categories were used to justify the need for Africans drawn from Africa into the new world. It is estimated that about 10 to 11 million African slaves were drawn from Africa and brought to the new world in ...

How the world shrinks

The primitive era saw the world coming together in the 15th and 16th century whereby there were a shift and movement of kingdoms all around the world. The example of Angola stands as an important one as it saw a movement of the Europeans into Angola and the surrounding areas. There was a better system of administration, judiciary, and management in the country after the Europeans entered the country, and it led to its betterment. To name the areas as primitive only means, there was a lack of available options for improving the societal conditions, and when the country ...

Migratory History It is said that ethnic Chinese first appeared on the western shores of North America during the period of the Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines, which is about between 1521 to 1815. They had accepted commissions as being businessmen, sailors and fishermen on the Spanish galleons that traversed the Pacific Ocean between the Philippines and Mexico (Brownstone, 2). Several numbers of ethnic Chinese were able to reach California as this state was still the territory of Mexico until 1848. Future expeditions to Vancouver by John Meares, a British fur trader, brought more Chinese into Vancouver around ...

A. Neuromancer and Cyberpunk Film

Neuromancer discusses the ways in which people augment their bodies with technology, which can easily be seen in elements of The Matrix. The mixture of machine and man is found in The Matrix through the plugs and cables the humans use to connect to the virtual world, most notably the invasive, penetrative plug used to ‘jack in’ to the Matrix through the back of their heads. This is compared to Molly Millions’ razor-nails and eye augmentations found in Neuromancer – both fusion of man and machine used to grant the user abilities not available to them as organic life forms. ...

The positive aspects of Booker T. Washington’s position on the assimilation of blacks into the free communities of the United States revolve around his recognition of the rigid color line that existed at the time. Even with a Civil War tarnishing the nation’s history, traditions remained unchanged and white supremacy was the epitome of American cultural norms. To that end, Washington’s argument that persons of African descent ought to “cast down [their] bucket where [they were]” is perhaps the best advice anybody could have given the ex-slaves (1895, par.4). After all, the abolition of slavery not ...

Abraham Lincoln is a prime political figure in the history of the United States and around the world. This man is a vivid example of realization of the "American dream". Lincoln managed to go from being a son of ordinary farmer to one of the most famous US presidents. Even though he rarely attended school, since childhood Abraham spent all his free time in self-education. Abraham not only passed exams successfully, but also received a license and had a successful career as a lawyer. Success in the legal field earned him an impeccable reputation and skill, which further influenced ...

Part One

Phillis Wheatley was an eighteenth century poet born in West Africa and was enslaved on American soil in 1761. Despite her slave status, Wheatley had received an unprecedented education on classicism, Christianity, and literature. Wheatley wrote two significant letters, the first was to her fellow servant friend from the Tanner’s estate in 1772. The letter had discussed her enthusiasm for Christianity and her positive view towards her African heritage. The following letter in 1774 was directed to Rev. Occom in appreciation for the reverend’s argument against treatment towards African people. Her writing often included Biblical references as ...

Race plays a significant role in slavery and has several impacts on the victims. The emergence of races led to inequalities among the people where some individuals felt superior to others. Slavery emerged from the vice of racists and led to great suffering among the Africans, who were forced to provide labor in the European farms. The pain of the Africans being subjected to slavery cannot be replaced and compensated because they suffered for an extended period. The paper covers the role played by race in slavery and the impacts it had, based on the foundational documents and Randal ...

Influence of American Revolution of the Civil War

Influence of American Revolution of the Civil War

Introduction

The American Revolution and the Civil War are two wars that have shaped American history and the American society. The American Revolution started with 13 colonies forming the Continent Congress declaring their Independence from the British rule in 1776 and ended with the Loyalists winning the Revolutionary War (Becker, 2013, p. 5). The Civil War was started when Southern states declared independence by seceding from the Union. South Carolina was the first state to secede in 1860 and they were later joined by Florida, Mississippi, Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, North ...

Throughout America history there were always people who spoke out against slavery. Quakers were the most vocal as slavery violated their adherence to equality. However, the Quakers were seen as religious fanatics and banned from holding public office. Others came to view slavery as wrong after coming in contact with a slave and having the encounter change their views. It was not until the 1830’s that the abolitionist movement really picked up momentum as it was taken up by Evangelical Protestants, who felt that slavery was a sin and that it was the moral responsibility of the populace ...

Sociology

Prince’s Power of Fame Power is an abstract concept. Generally, people do not realize how prevalent the game of power is in the society. It is not limited to kings, queens or to the political realm. For instance, the household member that earns the most usually has the final say in many matters. The dynamics of power vary and as it is not a rigid concept. Money brings power as one can influence people by ‘buying’ them in whichever way they can be bought. Similarly, fame of authors, poets and musicians brings them power, and they wield it ...

In the early times, when ancient Greece was the dominant power in military, economic, and cultural influence, the male gender was the dominating voice. Women were not allowed to vote, hold public office or work in court as juries as these positions were persevered for men. The city state of Greece that was a bit more advance in matters of public life was Athens, though the legal status of Athenian women was that of minorities. Moreover, management of the family property or money was bestowed in men. Other issues affecting women involved discussions relating to marriage, their status in ...

The American civil war in the West: Grant’s River War

Introduction The American Civil War is among the majorly discussed wars in the history of the United States. Ideally, Civil War is considered a central event in the U.S historical civilisation. While it is evident that the revolution that occurred in 1776-1783 facilitated the establishment of the United States, the American Civil War of 1861-1865 provided a suitable platform for the determination of the future of the United States (Doyle, 2014). Fundamentally, it offered the solutions to two major questions initially created by the revolution, and these included whether the United States was going to be transformed into a ...

The Missouri Compromise was a law that was passed by the US Congress in an effort to diffuse the sectional tensions when Missouri applied to enter the Union in 1819. It wished to be admitted as a slavery state. At the time, there was an even number of slave and non-slave states, and thus if Missouri were to be admitted as a slave state, this would cause chaos due to the imbalance in the number of slave vs. non-slave states in the Union. Missouri’s application caused a series of debates to be held in Congress. The southerners then ...

– Bill of Rights is a kind of an informal document, which has a direct bearing on the Constitution. If one defines it more precisely, it can be said that it is the so-called first ten amendments to the US Constitution itself, which had been proposed by James Madison, which were related to the rights and freedoms of people. – John Adams became the first Vice President. After George Washington was declared the US president, Adams was appointed as Vice President and was re-elected to the same position for the second time in 1792 (Perman 18). He did a very hard ...

Paternalism is defined as a relationship between authority figures and their sub ordinates that are dependent on them for their basic needs in the context of their relationship between white employers and their Negro slaves. This relationship signified that the slaves were the responsibility of their owners. The employers were not just responsible to ensure that the basic requirements of their employees were made. Their responsibility includes that the welfare and well being of their sub ordinates were also taken care of and any advice or suggestions that they gave were for the best interest of the slaves . Before ...

Before reviewing this book, it’ important to get some things out of the way regarding slavery and its importance as an institution and the impact that it has had on American history. Slavery more than any other single thing has shaped the history of the United States, it has created a divided country one where whites are superior to blacks and all of this was done in the name of creating wealth for one group on the backs of the other. There is a reason why stories like Nat Turner’s are so incredible is because they are the ...

Questions

Academic year Discuss the efforts and challenges made by people of African descent to reconnect with Africa since the start of the 19th century The emancipation of Africans in 1865 was a great historical period for African Americans in the United States. The African Americans contemplated on what to do with their newly acquired freedom and started reconstructing their lives. Certain black intellectuals at the time such as Rev. Blyden suggested that they leave America since white Americans were still hostile towards African Americans, and violence against them was common. Others like Martin Delany, who was an African American ...

Psychology: Baddeley’s Working Memory

Introduction – Baddeley’s Working Memory Short term memory is an important aspect in human lives as it influences behavior and outcomes in daily lives in more ways than one – of which the role played in development of working memory is an important factor. Even though short term memory is considered to have significant differences from working memory, they are considered to be related by eminent psychologists. The most common factor behind this perspective is that both short term memory and working memory are involved in the storage of information temporarily in an individual. Working memory can be best described ...

Introduction: Historically, female Black slaves endured the worse treatment, but have received the least amount of attention than their male counterparts in North American Slavery (Hine, 2007). There are longstanding myths that surround the experiences of female Black slaves, and struggles they face daily trying to survive. Deborah Gray White provides an intimate look into female slavery that until 1985 was long overdue. In her book she stated “Slave women were the only women in America who were sexually exploited with impunity, stripped and whipped with a lash, and worked like oxen” (White, 1999, p. 162). In the nineteenth ...

The Bill of Rights and the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizens, both published in 1791, were important documents in the history of the world that greatly influenced the 1984 United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Both these articles provided the foundation for the United States Constitution, as well as the creation of the first republic government of France. Guided by the spirit and philosophical ideology of liberalism surrounding the aftermath of the French Revolution, both documents endeavored to create and establish an ideal liberal democratic government in both United States and France However, the French revolution ...

Introduction

The African diaspora has resulted in a wave of “migration” of Africans from the African continent to other parts of the world. The main reason for this is the slave dispersal that moved Africans from Africa to America, the Middle East and even to the Far East. The dispersal that took place is thought to be one of the greatest forced migrations in the history of humankind (Britannia Academic: Slavery). There is always the ideology that all Africans, no matter where they find themselves around the world, are bound together by their traditional cultures and diasporic experiences. This paper ...

Within the Context of World History

Racism and misconceptions about the peoples of Africa have resulted in the neglect of Africa’s historical reality ever since the field of history began to emerge as a structured discipline during the eighteenth century (Reynolds, “So Many Africas, So Little Time: Doing Justice to Africa in the World History Survey”). Since Greek and Roman times and up until the European Renaissance there was mutual respect between Europeans and the subjects of black kingdoms they met (Clarke ‘Why African History?”). By the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, however, most European historians, philosophers and political scientists had adopted a Eurocentric attitude ...

Slavery as an institution takes various forms and it spans numerous centuries. The compatibility of slavery with different economic systems is evident from a simple analysis of the existing economic systems. The narrative of rise and fall of slavery have been used to depict the development of the modern capitalism. By looking at various aspects of a capitalist economy, it is apparent that slavery has major contributions to the success of the modern capitalists. Great differences in economic power, competitive ability, production efficiency, cultural orientation, and political powers exist between the capitalists and the wage earners. Karl Marx described ...

“Learning to Read” by Frederick Douglass

In “Learning to Read” Frederick Douglass wrote the story of his personal experience with one of the most prohibited and dangerous acts that a slave in the pre-Civil War South could do: learning to read. It is a narrative that is both shocking and revealing of insight into the times and place where it took place, the power of the institution and practice of slavery to dictate evil into the hearts of men and women, and of the dedication and strength of the personality of Frederick Douglass. A close reading demonstrates not only Douglass' narrative techniques, but his skills ...

Industrialization after the Civil War: Thesis and Outline

Part 1 Thesis Statement: Industrialization after the Civil War expanded the United States economy and helped transform American social values, but it also introduced more corruption into the American political sphere.

Part 2

Society: After the civil war, many women started taking work in factories to help support their families. As women began to enter the workforce in increasing numbers, more attention was given to the importance of women’s rights. In 1920, the constitution was amended to give women the right to vote in elections. The economy: industrialization made the average American worker more productive thanks to the factory system, ...

In its support of the slavery system, the government of the United States utilized the law. In other words, the federal government either passed legislations to thwart any threats made against the institution of slavery or persecuted individuals for failing to adhere to the same. A perfect illustration of the given claims revolves around the actions of political leaders and the States’ harsh responses to calls for liberation during the Antebellum Era. In Howard Zinn’s words, the government allowed whites to use “the laws, courts, [and] armed forces” to restrict persons of African descent to the lowest class ...

Abstract

The following examines Mexican American and African-American cultures and the ways that these two cultures interact the dominant white culture in the United States. While on the surface these two cultures might seem to have much in common (given that they are frequently discriminated against minorities in the United States), in point of fact they are very different in the ways that they assimilate into American culture. Anthropologists and sociologists have traditionally used words like “integration” and “acculturation” to describe the process in which immigrant cultures ultimately blend in to (and accommodate themselves to) the dominant culture of the ...

Introduction

The condition of the black race in the United States is one of the intensely debated issues since the American Civil War. Through slavery, the black structure has continued to suffer and experience various social and political issues that affect their moral wellbeing. Notably, the capture and taking Africans from their homes separated them from their families and consequently torn from the extensive previously established kinship networks. Enslaved in the free states of North America, the Africans ability to re-create their nuclear families and the familial support greatly depended on various factors that ranged from the needs and the ...

Fredrick Douglass’s work is a landmark writing that serves as an indicator of racism, slavery, and degrading practices used by the slave owners. While it may seem that the essay “Learning to Read and Write” depicts the struggles of a teenage boy in self-education of reading and writing, however, the work has a deeper meaning (Douglass 100). The main argument of the essay is that slavery degrades the slaves, the owners, and the entire society. By condemning individuals to miserable living, restricting their access to basic goods, and limiting their chance for education transform the owners to the ...

Woman. One of the greatest creations of God's will or what your religion says. However, it still does not matter at all what is written in your sanctuary book. You just can not argue with that. Look around. They are everywhere, in every part of the world. Even while the human being exists for more that couple of million years, a woman's role in society is still being discussed. Should she take the lead position in the family or not? Is feminism good or not? And many other questions are still left without an answer. There is no absolute ...

Factors that led to the writing of the United States Constitution and the ideas behind the design

The needs to establish a national government and guard the fundamental rights of citizens are the factors that led to the writing of the constitution. Previously, the United States governing document was the Articles of Confederation that made the national government weak since states operated like independent countries (Archives). With the new constitutions, therefore, plans were in place to make the federal government stronger by having three branches including the executive, legislative and the judicial (Archives). Also, the design of the three branches was that no single branch would have much power since there were systems of checks and ...

Introduction

Although it is an indelible stigma on the history of one of the strongholds of modern democracy, slaver is an imprescriptible part of the United States history. By the beginning of the American struggle for independence against the colonial British powers, slavery became institutionalized practice of the early American society (Boston). Even after the basic tenets of the American democracy were established by the Founding Fathers, the overwhelming majority of the colored population was depraved of the most basic civil rights and subjects to the harshest forms of labor and other exploitation. Despite the fact that responding to the ...

(Student’s Full Name) It is an historical fact that sexual relationship between a dominant race and the enslaved one is “neither unusual [n]or aberrant, but normative” in the New World. When one examines the history of America then one would understand that this country is no different. In fact, there is much evidence that proves that the very founding of the United States of America involve the rejection of the inter mixing of races and the promotion of the Anglo-Saxon race above other races. It is because of this fact that many historians have been predisposed to ...

I Timothy, II Timothy, Titus, Philemon, and Hebrews I Timothy, II Timothy, Titus, Philemon, and Hebrews

Purpose: While Paul had his missionary trip, he instructed Timothy to look after the church. When he understood that he might not come back in for a long time, he wrote this letter to Timothy in order to remind and broaden the charge he had given his young helper (Phillips, 2003).

Key verse(s) and themes of the First Epistle to Timothy:

Context: Audience: the book was not aimed to be read to broad audience. It was written primarily to Timothy to remind about his charges. Issues addressed in the book: This is the ...

Over the centuries, kings, priests, feudal lords, industrialists, and the parents, everyone who was older or on the higher position, insisted that obedience is a virtue and disobedience is a sin. Messianic prophets’ concepts confirmed the idea that the man was right to be disobedient, that he was not corrupted by his “sin,” the man was released from the shackles of pre-human harmony (Fromm 683). The man continued to develop through the acts of disobedience. Possible for him has become not only his spiritual development, because there were people who dared to say “no” to the powers that was ...

The Civil War which lasted from 1861-1865 was caused by a number of factors. Most of the reasons for the Civil War were economic, political and social. The economic reasons for the Civil War were as follows. The economic disparities between the North and the South. The South had a plantation system that consisted of growing numerous crash crops including tobacco, indigo and cotton which were extremely profitable and depended on slave labor. The North’s economy was more industrialized which meant that it depended more on people working together rather than a class system. An economic-political reason for ...

Many people have questioned the existence of multiple consciousness. In his book, The Souls of Black Folk: Essays and Sketches, W.E.B. Du Bois writes about the “double consciousness” of African Americans. In his views, the double consciousness of African American can be seen through their racial identity as well as the identity of what remains of slavery into which all African Americans are born. President Obama is an exampleof someone who had experienced a multiple consciousness. In many ways, one can say that African Americans live a multiple consciousness existences and in his book, Du Bois attempts to lift ...

Introduction

Leadership is defined as the art and science of moving people from one point to another. This means that leadership refers to a situation where a person prepares the minds of his or her followers in order to work to attain a certain set of goals as a team or group. Leading brings people together for the attainment of results and the conduct of active work. Leadership might be construed as a process “by which one individual consistently exerts more impact than others on the nature and direction of group activity”. Leading in the context of businesses and companies ...

Introduction

Historical Analysis Foremost, to understand the grounds on which Jim Crow laws emerged, there is a need for one to consider the situation that developed in the United States in the years leading to the mentioned Civil War. On one hand, Southern plantation owners assumed a pro-slavery stand as a means to protect their economic interests. The growth of cotton in the South was dependent on the free and hard labor that the institution of slavery availed. On the other hand, Northerners voiced their anti-slavery sentiments and called for the freedom of all black slaves. The endorsement of the ...

Slavery was a controversial issue for the Founding Fathers of the USA. For the sake of building an independent country, they preferred to ignore the problems of inequality and injustice that slavery brought into the American society. Moreover, the majority of the Founders owned slaves themselves. There were only 7 Founding Fathers that were not slave owners: Roger Sherman, Thomas Paine, Robert Treat Paine, Alexander Hamilton, Oliver Ellsworth, Samuel Adams and John Adams (Laccarino). They came from Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York or Pennsylvania and had to take into account conservative attitudes of the other Founding Fathers some of whom ...

Jubilee, written by Margret Walker, is a semi-fictional novel, based on real historical events and stories of her grandmother, which were passed down through oral tradition. The novel tell the story of Vyry Brown, a mallato slave, from the time she is introduced to slavery, as a toddler, until near the end of her life, after the reconstruction. The book, staged on the precipice of the civil war, and reporting a time of significant change in America, portrays the significant connection between Slavery, Race, and Citizenship in early America. It could certainly be argued that Jubilee is first and ...

Introduction

Texas has had a colorful history since the beginning of time. It then became a nation, and then a state. Traditional history writers have often taken the path of romanticizing the events in history and rationalizing on why they had to occur. Oftentimes, the premise was always the proclamation of the superiority of the Anglo-American over the Native American and Mexican occupants of the land. Modern historians like Fehrenbach, Crisp and others have endeavored to write history in the context of how the events really happened, coming to their own conclusions as to how these events occurred, and avoiding ...

Introduction

Cultural memories, as well as cultural identity, are two closely related phenomena that are part of every cultural setting in the world, are assimilated amongst generations in unique ways. Cultural memory entails the elements (Stowe, 1982); both physical and virtual those are passed down generations and are a way of giving historical meanings or origins of certain cultures. Literary publications, such as Uncle Tom’s Cabin, sought to change how cultural memory and cultural identity were perceived, regarding the African American culture. Therefore, cultural memories occur in different forms. For example, an individual from a given culture may have ...