Essays on Solitary

There is a lot of debate in the government and scholarly sphere when it comes to when to and how to incarcerate people. A subdivision of that argument comes down to the actual housing that a prisoner is kept in while they are in prison. One method that is used for inmates who commit certain acts, either inside of or outside of prison, is solitary confinement. While this is deemed to be a way to prevent a prisoner from being a danger to others or even himself/herself while in prison, there are many that say that solitary confinement for ...

The prison has become a much more dangerous place since the coming in power of California’s big four gangs. Prisoners are being forced into doing their bidding while they involve these unwilling participants in drug trafficking, contraband smuggling, and assaults. The same is what professor Vasquez says in lecture 2 for week 1, that if they order a crime; the inmates have to get it done. In case they refuse, they have to face ‘consequences’. The urgency to take action on these prison gang members is because they have the power to be extremely notorious and they never ...

Historical Origins of Correctional Enterprise

Correctional systems are institutions for rehabilitating criminals. They include prisons and community- based systems. After being convicted in court, criminals may spend time in correctional systems away from friends and family. There are different types of correctional systems classified according to the government level in which they function: private, local, state or federal. They can also be classified according to the level of security, age, and gender (Waldron, et al. 2009). Most correctional systems run Correctional Enterprise programs that provide opportunities for prisoners to learn new skills, be productive, and responsible. This initiative’s objective is to instill values ...

Introduction

Kneller (1958) defines existentialism as the philosophy that gives emphasis to the existence of an individual with choice and freedom whereby human beings decide on their paths and meaning of their lives as rational human beings with the capability of following unique directions in life. In essence, it is free will and each person has the responsibility of ethically making judgments and taking courses of action for which they are individually responsible. Chapter five gives an explanation of the philosophical view of existentialism and its relation to education.

Chapter Analysis

Existentialism primarily talks about the freedom to choose. According to this ...

Ideology in Allen Ginsberg’s “America” and “Sunflower Sutra”

Ideology is a very important topic as it relates to literature. Literature is one of the primary methods in which people that perhaps are not within the mainstream of culture, politics and society employ to question hegemonic power structures. Dominant power structures are often posed primarily as the synthesis of modernity, objective reality, logocentrism, patriarchy, white supremacy and capitalism, which are often cited in shorthand as “imperialism.” The United States, after the Second World War the period in which Allen Ginsberg and the other beat generation writers were most active was arguably the point in world history in which ...

Sexual Behavior in People.

In some cultures sexual orientation is prohibited by the laws and religion until marriage. In other cultures it is expected that sexual behaviors between partners be of different genders and not the same. Depending on how one is raised going against the teachings and political aspects could be misconstrued as a sin or illegal act. In the same sense both religion and law can define how the individual should approach a partner with a sexual attitude. It can also define how to avoid certain behaviors based on beliefs or a belief system. The following paragraphs will delve into this ...

Voice over IP

Abstract Organisations and business alike are embracing the use and application of various forms of information technology in their business processes and operations in equal measure. There is a myriad of benefits associated with the use and application of various forms of information technology in business operations and processes. Computer networking has facilitated the advancements currently witnessed in information technology (Jahanirad, AL-Nabhani and Rafidah 4954). While the use and application of information technology have its benefits, it presents various disadvantages as well. Voice over IP is one form of information technology that has been utilised by numerous businesses and ...

Prisons are vital in a society since it is part of the country’s criminal justice system. It plays crucial part in ensuring that offenders are brought to justice and that the rule of the law is upheld. It is general knowledge that the prisoners experience gross violations of their basic human rights. The traditional ideas about prisons include appalling suffering and maltreatment of prisoners. However, there are new principles that are applied today changed the environments of prisons. In the US, there are various reformations about prisons that looks upon the context of human rights. Reformation of the ...

Introduction

Violence within prison complexes is common in almost all parts of the world. The violence can originate from staff or inmate. The correctional systems in several countries attempted newer approaches to incarceration in order to avoid violence on prison complexes. There are very few complexes in the world that have reduced rates of violence or can claim to be violence free. Instead of rehabilitation, prisoners face entrapment in a dangerous game. The level of accountability towards prisoners and their safety diminishes in regions such as Asia, Middle East, and South America. The United Nations established a set of international ...

The man cannot be separated from many things. He cannot live without food, air and water. However, it’s not the complete list of items that are necessary for human existence. Humanity is also obsessed with the violence. Throughout the whole history, people invented a lot of different methods of punishment, murder and torture. So, the human history is full of cruelty and violence. Consequently, it’s possible to talk an infinitely long time about how some representatives of humanity have punished, tortured, and killed others more unfortunate representatives of mankind. However, we’d remember only the most noteworthy ...

Shomei Tomatsu’s black and white untitled photograph attempts to tell the audience the horrific repercussions of the Second World War II especially on the human life. On this picture, the photographer depicted a man emerging from the shadows, his face covered with wrinkled skin the rest of his face was hidden from plain sight but from the looks of his face, the audience can tell how great the damage brought by the atomic bomb blast on his face. The nuclear attack which destroyed nearly half of his face managed to create a large keloid scar on the right ...

The definition of the Western Canon is always changing, according to literary critic and Yale professor Harold Bloom: but is that mutability a good thing? Bloom, a rather conservative literary critic, believes that there should be literary standards that outlive the fashionable theories of the day. In our times, these literary theories include ideas borrow from Marx, Foucault, New Historicism, and ethnocentric and gender perspectives, among other lenses through which to view the production of literature. Amidst these ever-changing standards and definitions of a “classic,” Bloom believes the study of literature and good reading habits—to read well and ...

Prison Break perception of super max prisons

Prison Break series produces a good depiction of the supermax prisons. Even though some of the facts shown on the TV show represent the true nature of the supermax prisons, most of the facts are not the real image of a supermax facility. The TV show has however brought a lot of information to the people about the super max prisons in the United States and what happens within the walls of the prisons. The prison used in the first season of the TV show was named Fox River State Penitentiary which was a maximum security facility. Even though ...

Crime must be punished, no matter the age of a person. Many teenagers are getting involved in crimes such as murder, theft, and drug dealing as a way to make money. Juvenile delinquency is the participation in criminal or illegal activities by minors, and when the teenagers are caught, legal systems give specific procedures to punish them. One of the common ways to punish the under-age criminals is through solitary confinement in juvenile centers. However, some minor cases may be forgiven, finned, and the child warned against committing the crime. Once the kids are taken into juvenile solitary confinement, ...

Introduction

Psychologists, human rights activists and the government continue to debate on the real effects of solitary confinement. Pre-existing evidence seems to suggest that any form of solitary confinement possesses significant effect on both the health and comfort of the prisoners, especially those with documented history of mental health disorders. Solitary quarantine has been recognized to cause psychological damage to the prisoners depending on the physical conditions of the prison and the resources that each prisoner is allowed to access and use. There is, however, a profound agreement by researchers that despite the variations on environmental factors surrounding a prisoner, ...

“A Rose for Emily” is a 1930 short story by American author William Faulkner. The story centers on the female protagonist character called Emily Grierson. Emily’s character is the subject of this analysis. Emily Grierson is at the center of the story. She is a loner who lives a very solitary life. Her life moves from being a vibrant and young girl in her earlier years to a secretive and religious old woman who spends most of her time at a monastery. The death of her father leaves her devastated and many people in her hometown pity her ...

Mirna Salim

Introduction Cats have been living with us for thousands of years. As opposed to other domestic animals like cows and sheep that provide as with food and other raw materials, it has never been clear the main reason why human domesticated cats. Some schools of thought believe that cat was domesticated to help human eradicate rodents which were destroying crops. However, others believe that cats were domesticated just to be pets, to keep human company. This research will not major in the reason as to why cat was domesticated, but rather will focus on the origin of the domesticated ...

Punishment has been meted out to individuals and groups of people or centuries for a host of reasons. It could be for an act against the state, the common good, an individual, an act of treason or a way to subdue protest or a threat to authority. The most prevalent and common form of punishment is imprisonment. The practice of imprisonment began with the formation of states or a central authority that governed over people. The state or the central authority had the right to imprison people who went against the set of rules laid out for the people. ...

Introduction

The Massachusetts Correction Institute in Concord for men will be used as an example for this research. People in the society need to feel protected and secured in their homes. This fact is what causes the government to formulate security measures such as the correctional institutions that will be used to punish and rehabilitate criminals. In order to understand the topic of correction and punishment, it is crucial that one should be able to define their meanings. The word correction has many different meanings. However, in the criminal justice system correction is described as the rectification of one's behaviors. ...

Teamwork has become an integral part of contemporary culture at work, at schools and even at religious institutions (Cain, 2012). It has been promoted so much that in some areas it feels excessive and arises hot disputes. In my point of view current “fashion” for collaboration is related to business environment which becomes tougher every day. The need to survive in competitive market reality facilitate companies’ strive for constant improving and performance increase, and teamwork is considered to be one of the most efficient tool for it.

Working in a team provides a wider view for a problem solution. ...

Fyodor Dostoevsky’s “Crime and Punishment” presents the consequences of crime the ways in which persons accept the punishment for their crimes. The author explores the psychology of the criminal and presents the excerpt in a pensive tone. The narrator reveals that Raskolnikov accepts his punishment and reflects on the events of the last year and a half. Raskolnikov is forced to deal with the guilt that torments him as he sits in his jail. He has been honest and admits to his crime. The selection is important as it marks reveals the foundations of the novel and gives ...

The materials that are utilized to develop that story of past occasions are called "recorded materials". Authentic archives composed on paper soon ring a bell; however, there are really numerous different types of verifiable materials, including oral transmissions, stone engravings, works of art, recorded sounds, pictures (photos, films), et cetera. Indeed, even old relics and remains, comprehensively talking, are chronicled materials. In verifiable exploration, each chronicled material varies with regards to the degree of its legitimacy and unwavering quality (realness), and the undertaking of finding out that distinction is called "authentic judgment". Chronicled records that were composed by persons ...

Introduction

Environmental adaptation is essential to the survival of any animal. In fact, this attribute helps organisms obtain nutrients, build homes, withstand extreme weather conditions, attach mates and enhance their safety (Nelson et al. 2008). With this in mind, it is worth appreciating the fact that polar and grizzly bears have different physical and behavioral characteristics due to environmental adaptation in spite of their species similarities. The polar bear is specially adapted to survive in the cold pole regions. Its body structure and genetic composition have substantially evolved to accommodate the low temperatures and harsh environmental conditions. Its behavioral attributes ...

Abstract

Stress is a dynamic and interactional process involving intricate body systems with formulations and operationalisation of the components at different levels(1).There is growing evidence that there is a positive correlation between emotional stress and oral health. As will be demonstrated from the literature reviewed in this paper emotional stress can be implicated in oral problems such as ulcerative conditions, inflammatory conditions, dental decay, TMD, RAS and others that continue to be linked to stress. Stress has also been found to aggravate some oral conditions such as oral lichen planus. In some of these conditions the precise mechanisms by which ...