Essays on Sparta

Gender roles have existed since the dawn of time. Men and women have different roles in which society they have lived in. To most members of an ancient society, their roles were given based on their gender. Civilizations in the past such as Ancient Athens held little regard to women. Women in Ancient Athens did not have much choice in what to do with their life and society did not deem it necessary for women to be educated since her role was simple to produce heirs for her husband and look after the family (Tetlow). Men are involved in ...

In the early times, when ancient Greece was the dominant power in military, economic, and cultural influence, the male gender was the dominating voice. Women were not allowed to vote, hold public office or work in court as juries as these positions were persevered for men. The city state of Greece that was a bit more advance in matters of public life was Athens, though the legal status of Athenian women was that of minorities. Moreover, management of the family property or money was bestowed in men. Other issues affecting women involved discussions relating to marriage, their status in ...

Plutarch’s historical work On Sparta is a vivid and compelling description of Spartan life, and their contributions to modern philosophy, warfare, and other elements of life, to which they have made significant knowledge contributions. Spartan customs, and the rise and fall of their kingdom, are both of interest to current readers, because their culture influenced the rest of Europe profoundly, even after it’s’ eventual decline in the third century B.C. It is a compelling read, depicting some extremely significant historical moments, and characters, and offering tidbits of wisdom still applicable today Plutarch was a Greek Historian, and ...

VOICES OF THE UNDERREPRESENTED IN ANCIENT ATHENS:

Voices of the Underrepresented in Ancient Athens: Women Ancient Athens was the center of the Ancient Greece and the marvelous and outstanding city that brought us democracy and important values of Western Civilization. Nowadays, due to works of famous Greek scholars and writers, we have enough information about how the Athens’ government was organized and who were the main rulers of the city, and we know that such social groups as metics, slaves, children, and women were underrepresented there. The aim of this paper is to study the role of women in Ancient Athens and the views Athenians had ...

[Class title]

The film, 300, which was based on a graphic novel written by Miller and Lynn tells the story of the legendary King Leonidas of Sparta and how his 300 men courageously defended the pass of Thermopylae from the invading Persian army (Miller & Lynn). The film, however, was highly sensationalized. Miller, himself, admitted that ‘300’ was deliberately made exaggerated and historically inaccurate in some of its scenes for the purpose of making it more interesting and exciting. One of the many historical inaccuracies of the film 300 was the depiction of Sparta’s rite of passage. In the ...

Herodotus Assessment

In the ancient time period, the recording of history was connected to the activity of narrators and thinkers that did not aim to write historical, but rather literary. At the same time, the history genre belonged to literary prose. The initial works incorporated the features of two different sides of human activity: science and art. Due to this fact, the Greek narrative authors traditionally attracted the attention of readers. A special place in the development of history belongs to Herodotus’s work, which is considered as the first example of both historical and literary prose. In this essay, the ...

Abstract

In ancient times, states were known for their military power. As a result many nation invested a lot in the military in terms of funds and time. The military was considered to be something powerful to an extent that it was incorporated into the cultures of their respective nations. This paper looks at the comparison of two such militaries, that is, the Spartan and the roman militaries. It achieves this by looking at several aspects that depicts how the set-up of the armies were organized. These two cities were considered to be stable during their time and they had ...

Option I: How is the Spartans mentioned in the New Yorker? How do these references connect to what you have read in class? What do the references suggest about how the authors and their intended readership perceive Classical Literature and or Ancient Greece? The Spartans have always been compared with other Greek city states such as Athens and Rhodes. For the record, Greece, during the ancient times, were never considered (either internally or externally) as a single entity. Instead, they were composed of individual cities that always competed against each other. They were most of the time broken. In ...

Lives of women in the ancient and early-modern world

During the ancient and early modern days, women were characterized by some Christian beliefs as either being corrupted or saintly. For instance, Judeo-Christian belief portrayed women’s righteousness to that of Virgin Mary while their corrupt nature was linked to Eve of the Holy Bible. And as such, there were a lot of literature that intended to teach women on how they should behave and carry themselves. Women of these days were not only denied legal persona but were also subjected to control by their male counterparts. In China, for instance, this act was manifested by Neo-Confucianism that gave ...

Introduction

Athens and Sparta were the two most powerful city-states in the ancient Greek that developed during the Classical Age. Despite being in the same territory, they had very different modes of governance and social lives. They had different forms of governments, but both governments were elected by the people they ruled (Aristotle and Lord 7). Their geographical locations were also different. Sparta was naturally protected by mountains that surrounded it while Athens was built on a hill just below Acropolis (Aristotle and Lord 16). It was difficult to invade Athens because it was almost exposed, hence, making it vulnerable ...

Greece has a prolong history, which can be stretched back to thousands of years B.C. Greek Civilization is one of the most ancient civilizations in the world. The cultures and civilizations all over the world change in the course of time. The political, social, economic factors contribute a lot in disappearance of the old values and the emergence of new values in the society. Every culture and civilization has its unique characteristics. Greek civilization too has witnessed several transitions.The present paper aims to analyze those features of Greek civilization between the period of Monolithic Age and the Greece in ...

For this proposal, I will be writing and researching about the Count of Monte Cristo that was written by Alexander Dumas in 1844 (Yardley.). This book has one of the most complicated character web ever written in literature (Roberts). What this book truly explores is the theme pertaining to the aristocracy versus the bourgeois and the definition that the West defines as justice (“Themes of the Count of Monte Cristo”, IMDb). The reason that justice is such a strong theme in this book is that the main character Edmond Dantes was imprisoned when he was framed for treason by ...

The Greeks and the Persians were people who made a great impact in history. They were rivals for many years though their people intermarried. Despite their differences, they still have some practices in common. Both nations were situated near the Mediterranean Sea, and their leaders shared many qualities. Both nations fought for land, resources and the mostly wanted to outdo each other regarding leadership and political reforms. Both nations practiced slavery and slave trade (Gates). The Persian Empire resembled Sparta city-state since they both had two kings. Both societies were paternal, and men were the only ones who held ...

One of the historians, who described the Persians, was Herodotus. Herodotus is considered to be one of the first true historians of Western Civilization, who lived during the Classical Age of Greece. Modern historians call him the «Father of History and Lies», because his depiction of that time seems to be a «jumble of fact and fable». In his work «Histories», Herodotus described the Persians the way he had seen and imagined them. According to Herodotus, Persians lived in the land of contrast, land where there were deserts and fertile valley networking, land where there was hot summer and ...

The epic poem The Odyssey by the ancient Greek writer Homer takes us into the life of a man named Odysseus. As the reader learns about Odysseus multiple facets of his character are exposed through the challenges it faces. Although he and his crew face danger and obstacles at every step of the way the character of Odysseus hardly changes. The entire book Odysseus longs to see his wife, but he is a good man and a courageous leader. (Homer. And Lattimore) Homer is one of the most famous Greek poets, the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, ...

The first feminist ever

There has always existed a confrontation between men and women. It all started perhaps in old Greek and since then continues to remain the point at issue. It is considered that men are still “the strongest gender” and that the world stubbornly retains a male-dominated, competitive one. However, time changes and now women are making their best just as men do. They master new professions which have always expected to be exceptionally men’s one. Moreover, they are doing it perfectly and achieve great success. There is nothing impossible for an ambitious, hard-working woman especially when she is meditating ...

Speakers in this comedy depict a woman passively suffering from the war, as opposed to actively suffering Men create war. But these passive women are suddenly extremely active as soon as Lysistrata manages to send them to fight with men. Lysistrata in the prologue of the play is relatively easy to manage to carry out a specific women's "strike": On the initiative of energetic and enterprising Lysistrata, the women all gathered her solemnly pledge to each other to refuse to weasel their husbands as long as they do not stop the war. The main figure of this opening ...

Among many advanced democracies of the ancient world, the most advanced and stable democracy was in Athens. The period from the middle of the 5th century until the middle of the 4th BC was the apogee of the development of democracy in Athens. It shall be noticed, that ever since the Solomon reforms democratization of the political power structure began in Athens. Antique community as a community of citizens was the basis of the Athenian political hierarchy. This community did not include completely the entire population of Athens. Most part of the Athens` society included slaves and metics together. ...

- Anciet Greece was primarily characterized by the influence of its two city-states – Athens and Sparta. Although Athens and Sparta are geographically adjacent to one another, both have fostered different ways of living – the former known for its superfluity and the latter for its stark plainness. Athens, for its part, is highly engrossed in academic fields of arts and sciences.

Although military service is available in Athens, it is not compulsory for all people in the city-state. However, women are severely limited in Athens, in that they were disallowed from tending to businesses, forbidden from participating in ...

1) Athens and Sparta were the main city-states of Ancient Greece. Between the VI and V centuries B.C., they contended about the political and military domination over the entire Greek territory. The only feature they had in common was the fact that they were both “polis”, Greek city-states. However, Athens and Sparta were completely different in terms of their political, social and cultural systems. According to Laveck (2010), Sparta, also known as “Lacedemonia”, was founded in the XIII century B.C. The city-state Sparta was born through the merge of four Doric tribes. During the VII century B.C., Sparta started ...

In 1892, Francisco Franco was born in El Ferrol Spain. After serving in different positions in the government, he rose to power and became a dictator in Spain from 1939 to 1975 (De Madariaga 17). In his manipulation to form the second Republic, Franco took advantage of the situation of realism in the build up towards the World War II. In many ways, Franco’s rise to power was slow and planned culminating in the aftermath of the 1931 municipal elections. During the years towards the World War II, the political struggle between nations presented a perfect chance to take advantage ...

Mesopotamia is comprised in the area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Here, a very impressive culture developed beginning with the year 6.000 BCE. Akkad and Sumer are the most important kingdoms which emerged on these lands. These civilizations’ development was closely connected to geographical and climatic specificities of the area. The weather in the area is very hot, rains are scarce and the two rivers often cause floods. People had to develop irrigation systems to be able to cultivate the land and thus, to survive (Ross-Nazzal, 2015). Another important cultural characteristic is the polytheistic belief. Both the geographical location ...

The civilization of ancient Greece centered on the Aegean Sea, the region that today includes Greece and the western part of Turkey. Ancient Greece was not a single country ruled by one person. Ancient Greece consists of numerous city-states that share a common language and culture. About 800 B.C. Greeks began to form ‘polis’ or city-states throughout the country. Each polis has its own government. Some city-states had a few thousand inhabitants, but some city-states such as Athens have a total population of 250,000. City-states were set up as far from Greece as France and Spain. There were several different forms of ...

Introduction

This study seeks to provide concise yet comprehensive information on the value of diplomacy in combating terrorism, which is an issue of grave concern to the international community. Diplomacy, in the context of terrorism, posits invaluable virtues for resolving matters between conflicting parties in international relations. The organization of human beings within communities – a phenomenon that traces back to early history, has rendered the use of diplomatic skills and reasoning, given varying community interests that tend to conflict with one another. It is notable to consider that engaging in warfare has become the predominant method for dealing with international affairs ...

- Introduction Greek sculpture is often what people think of when they consider the idea of “classical” sculpture. Greek and Roman sculpture has long been considered some of the most influential to the western art world; these pieces, particularly from the High Classical period, are still influential on artists today. This discussion will focus on the High Classical period of Athenian Greek sculpture, notably from the years 449 BCE- 404 BCE. Earlier Athenian sculpture took many cues from Near Eastern and Egyptian art. Greek artists began, however, to focus more heavily on form and realism as time ...

Greek mythology as it exists today was a culmination of oral tradition that was part of the early Greek civilization. Different regions of the Greek empire had different heroes with their own traditions and thus Greek mythology was firmly tied to it geographical location. Geography and physical places/ space helped shape Greek mythology to a large extent. Homer’s Odyssey, Iliad and Hesiod’s Theogony are examples of Greek mythology where the myth is tied with the geographical space. With the mention of places these poets also driven by a certain ‘Panhellenic’ impulse-a desire to appeal to as many city states as ...

Abstract

Leadership is a critical component of such law enforcement agency as police. To make an efficient police leaders, the chiefs of police departments need to possess a wide scope of requisite traits like honesty, integrity, impartiality, flexibility, approachability, knowledge, and other features. Depending on personality attributes, senior police officials may adopt a wide range of leadership modes like transformation, transactional, mixed, active, role-modelling, situational, participative, passive, avoidant, and laissez-faire styles. Beyond that, police leaders are supposed to pursue a number of arch-important activities like the creation of a shared vision that produces the sense of purpose for subordinates, the cultivation of organizational commitment, the ...

Events of 427 BCE and the growing brutalization that occurred during the war

427 BCE marked the year that the siege of Plataea ended after there was a combined force between Spartan and Theban force. The Spartan and Theban forces then imposed very ruthless penalties on the people that had opposed them. “They brought them again one by one and asked each of them the same question, that is to say, whether they had done Spartans and allies any service in the war; and upon their saying that they had not, took them out and slew them without exception”. The women of the people who had been slain by the Spartans and Theban ...

(Insert Institute) An increase in population and wealth led to the creation of governments and in turn saw to the rise of powerful empires. Said empires have since been recorded among the most influential domains in the history of the world. Consequently, as one empire rose to power another fell in the hands of their enemies thus creating a form of competition amongst neighboring domains. For instance, Greece was a colony of the Ottoman Empire until the Greek War of Independence that lasted between 1821 and 1831 (Masters and Agoston, 2009, p. 240). Therefore, the empires rose to power depending ...

The ratification of the national constitution was the founders' political response to excessive democracy

The American Revolutionists have difficulties in unifying the United States which comprises of colonies which are newly independent. The constitution was approved in the convention in 1787 and the states will be responsible for the ratification. Ratification of the constitution is very important during that time since it could result to the division of the United States if it did not happen. However, debates have arises and separated the nation into two political parties which is the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists (Wood, 2003, p. 164). The Federalists are the ones that favored the centralized government that is provided in ...

Lycurgus of Sparta

Lycurgus of Sparta was a very important figure in the history of Sparta as well as that of the world because of his actions that have shaped history and have put Sparta on the historical map. He is well known for the military reforms he brought to Sparta. He was born at around the eight century BC, and this is according to how some ancient historians put it. His life, actions as well as his legacy have mostly been depicted through Plutarch’s work with the most notable being ‘life of Lycurgus’ and is a form of collection of Lycurgus history ...

Peloponnesian War is the name that was given to the conflict between Sparta and Athens. These conflicts lasted from 431 until 404 BC. This is a war brought about by disputes between Athens and Sparta on how to deal with their allies. According to Burn, (123), the Peloponnesian War was between the rivals Athens and Sparta. It was a war ignited by insignificant civil conflicts and spurred by interests from third party cities. Violent disputes erupted between them and the war began when Sparta issued ultimatums to Athens. The Spartans wanted Athens to lift its economic sanctions against the Megara city. ...

The economy of a nation is usually a function of the manner in which the nation runs and not necessarily the existing rules and regulations under which a nation operates. While discussing the ancient nations and their economies it is difficult not to include the ancient Greece. This is particularly because Greece is regarded as one of the most important and influential civilizations in history notwithstanding the fact that contemporary societies do not seem to recognize this fact. As such, it is important to recollect the past contributions and failures of a nation for the purposes of declaring the historical aspects which are ...

Introduction

The ancient city of Troy is perhaps one of the cities that have generated waves of disputes over time, as to whether it has been an actual city or a legendary one. However, due to extensive archaeological research, Troy is a city that indeed existed, and maybe its remains do not bring back pictures of its old glorious days, yet, there is so much to learn from its passage through time. In greater detail: Ancient Greek epic poet wrote in his infamous epic “The Iliad”: “Generations of men are like the leaves. In winter, winds blow them down to ...

The Trojan War is easily one of the most critical events in Greek Mythology as perhaps best emphasized in Homer’s Odyssey and Iliad. While there are variations in the accounts as to the causes of the War, the War that was waged by Achaeans against Troy, follows the loss of the King of Sparta’s wife to Paris. This does however remain largely debatable as regards its historical veracity, with beliefs that Homeric literature did exaggerate different things in line with varied poetic needs. This paper assesses the varied accounts of the primary and secondary factors that caused ...

Mesopotamia is believed to be a land that’s between two rivers. Ancient Mesopotamia was occupied by different people with different cultures, wealth, gender, and religion. This therefore, brought about conflicts and warfare because of inequality. It is a fact that ancient Mesopotamia was growing and due to trade others became wealthy while others remained poor. The laws were made by the elite who made it possible for it to benefit them. In the laws when a poor person commits the same crime as the rich person they will be given a harsher punishment compared to the rich person. The education system was ...

The aim of this essay is to present you with the questions risen by the reading of the first four books of Odyssey (rhapsodies a –d). Odyssey is one of the two epics by Homer, worldwide acknowledged for their power in talking to people’s hearts no matter their era, causing feelings of great admiration and movement. In Odyssey, Homer narrates the adventures of Odysseus, the king of Ithaca, an island of Ionian Sea, who took ten whole years to manage and reach his homeland. The main theme of the epic poem is ‘nostos’ which is the Greek word standing ...

Throughout its existence, Ancient Greece did not know a single centralized power, despite of numerous attempts of its establishing. Relatively stable associations emerged in the Ancient Greece during wars with Persia. They were headed by two most powerful city-states – Athens and Sparta, which formed two centers of Greek civilization, and each of them had its own, drastically different way of historical development. History of Athens – this is primarily the story of the formation and the victory of ancient democracy, while Sparta is considered to be militaristic, even “policeman”, highly conservative state. The rivalry of these two policies has led to ...

The philosophical and political thought of Ancient world had a great impact on the development of modern governments. If we are to compare the governments of Ancient Greece, Rome, Sparta, and Persia to the modern state of democracy in the US it can be seen that Persian government contributed more to the development of tyranny and authoritarianism, while Greece, Rome, and Sparta - to democracy. Nevertheless, there are many points at which ancient and modern governments differ. The ancient governments differed from modern democracy in the USA by the scope of citizen involvement to the political life, the system of ...

Troy (2004): Movie Review

Troy: The Myth Behind the Movie Introduction Wolfgang Petersen brought an important historical epic event to the silver screens through the movie entitled Troy in 2004. The movie stars a list of Hollywood’s finest actors to play the role of Greek history’s prominent figures such as Achilles (Brad Pitt), Prince Hector (Eric Bana), Prince Paris (Orlando Bloom), Helen of Troy (Diane Kruger) and a whole lot more. However, the underlying question here is whether or not the events depicted in the movies is really what history told. The movie will be analyzed ...

Discussion Board: Topics in Cultural Studies

What forces contributed to the cultural makeup of early civilizations? Early civilizations were impacted by their geography and the weather. A good example is from a comparison of ancient Rome and ancient Greece. Greece has a mountainous geography. It is a peninsula that juts out into the Aegean and Mediterranean but the shorelines are rocky and steep. This lead to the isolation of people in small groups and city states developed. The rocky land made feeding large numbers of people difficult using hunting or agriculture so isolated groups of people would be able to survive more successfully. On the other hand ...

Greek political and religious thought is said to have flourished during the lifetimes of the three classical Greek philosophers, namely, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. The influence of these classical thinkers pervaded Western political and thought up to the modern times. The Persian influence on Greek political and religious thinking was most felt during the ancient times. The influence of Persia on Greek political and religious thought cannot be ignored. These two cultural systems have combined to give a lasting impact on much of modern political systems, especially the Greco-Athenian concept of democracy. In this exercise, we draw a comparison and contrast ...

(I/2) Aristophanes and Plato are among the three primary sources of information about Socrates, including Xenophon. Aristophanes, the playwright, is the earliest source, who claimed that he knew Socrates in his early years. In 423 B.C., Xenophon and Plato were still infants, when Aristophanes produced his comedy The Clouds, in which Socrates appears. During Socrates’s trial and execution, Plato was about twenty-five.

When it comes to having been acquainted with Socrates, Aristophanes’s account is favored since Plato was some forty-five years younger than Socrates, so he must have been acquainted to him in his later years. However, ...

Ancient Greek History Essays

1. What are the Names and Dates of the 4 Historical Periods of Hellenic Civilization? What are the major events/people that pertain to each?

Hellenistic civilization showed the success of Greek influence in the ancient world. This period also portrayed an era of history is the period which followed the conquests of Alexander the Great and was referred to this by the historian J. G. Droysen. This period highlights four major events which are the Delian League, Wars of the Delian League & Peace of Callias, the Peloponnesian War and the Spartan & Theban Hegemony and the triumph of ...

In the 5th Century BC, the classical Greek city-states were at their apex of power and glory, with Athens and Sparta as the two strongest powers. Greece was not a united nation at this time, even during the wars against the two Persian invasions of Darius and Xerxes, which had ended in total defeat of the would-be conquerors at the naval battle of Salamis and the land battles of Marathon and Plataea. After this time, the Athenian and Spartan empires clashed over which state would be hegemonic, and essentially fought each other to exhaustion and bankruptcy over thirty years during ...

The Peloponnesian war between Athens and Sparta took place over several decades and can be segregated into three main wars: a) 460 to 445 BC, b) 431 to 421 BC, and c) 415 to 404 BC. Each of these wars were fought between Athens and its empire and Sparta with its Peloponnesian league allies. Considering the large number of states involved, there were several influencing factors that added to the build up to the beginning of the war. I believe that the main cause for the war was the insecurity and power struggle between Athens and Sparta to gain political and ...

ANSWERS ON ESSAY QUESTIONS REGARDING HISTORY

FURTHER LOOK AT HISTORY

Religious Diversity in the Indian Society

C.N. Venugopal, Religion and Indian Society (New Delhi, India: Gyan Publishing House, 1998), p. 30.

G.S. Ramesh, Philosophy of Indian Society (New Delhi, India: Global Vision Publishing House, 2005), p. 14.

India is considered to be of many religious belief systems around the world. Besides, most of the major religions throughout human history originated from Indian culture. Nevertheless, as with the case of other religious beliefs, these diverse religions are based on either the political, cultural, or social perspectives of their founder(s).

...

Aristotle admitted that his argument that some human beings were ‘natural’ slaves was a weak one because he was aware that slaves often did not show the characteristics of meekness, servility and stupidity that was expected, and often rebelled against their masters. This was true in the slave society of Sparta, just as it was in the Roman Republic and the plantation colonies of the America. Much as their masters wished them to be like dumb brutes and animals, and even where slaves put on a pretense of matching this stereotype, the reality was often different. Slavery’s real basis was ...

Introduction

Gates of Fire is a book which tells the tale of the war between the Persians and the Greeks. The war occurred about 500 B.C. and the king of Persia at that time was Xerxes. Xerxes conquered most of the Asian territories and in the long run attacked Greece. At that time, Greece comprised of large number of city states but the most prominent were Sparta and Athens. At the time of the invasion by the Persians, the city of Athens was progressive and had philosophers, artists and hedonists. Sparta on the other hand boasted of fearsome warriors led by ...

In Zack Snyder's film adaptation of the Frank Miller graphic novel 300, a group of Spartans, led by Leonidas (Gerard Butler) engage on a bloody and patriotic campaign of destruction in order to defend Sparta from the oppressive, mercurial and mythic Persians, led by Xerxes (Rodrigo Santoro). In this film, the value of community responsibility is placed above all else, as the 300 Spartans are tasked with the ultimate defense of their homeland without fail. Many instances of mythological symbolism occur in the film; Leonidas kicking the messenger down what seems to be a bottomless well, after declaring "THIS IS SPARTA!" is ...

Epic war films are genres focusing on battles either on land, water, or air. Their themes may be military operations, undercover operations, prisoner rescues, or even personal revenges. Hence, the genre may be based on a true story, fictional, historical, or a docudrama. Caldwell (106) narrates four elements listed by John Belton that are crucial in identifying a successful war film in Hollywood. They are: focus on collective goals, as opposed to individual ones, absence of human morality during war times, recuperation of veterans shown, and either rivalry between groups of men or objectification of women. Also, Caldwell (123) asserts that in ...

At the end Peloponnese, Sparta town was the only one left and was in a fit enough condition to conquest as leader of Greece. Nevertheless, rather than invigorating the other city states of greek from the power of Delian League and Athens as it had promised, Lysander begun installing obligarchies. The regime was run by individuals who had huge amount of wealth. This led division of the general populace in the states. It became purely a case of the poor and the rich and lack of familiarity in leadership of Greece begun to show, and many other states realized that ...

Introduction

The transition of Rome to an empire was characterised by many battles and constant struggles. The civilization was majorly established around the dictatorship forms of governance as well as the big defensive holdings around the Mediterranean and European territories. The imperial Roman Republic was marred by civil wars which had weakened the governance system prior to the transition to a roman empire. Thucydides writes on the historical accounts of an Athenian general regarding the war that had been experienced about 2000 years ago and dwells on the aspects of human nature. As the foregoing shows, both the Rome’s transition ...

Synopsis

The ancient Sparta is a good example of an ideal hoplite state of ancient Greek. Sparta was proud for having avoided tyranny and enjoyed a permanent state of her constitution that was almost unthought-of of in the 5th century.

In the 10 BC, the city state of Sparta came into existence. This was as a result to the defeat that the Dorian community had over the non Dorian communities when they attacked them. The Spartan community came into existence as a political entity and as from 650 BC; they steadily grew stronger because of their military prowess that was far much above others ...

Two major power centers which dominated Greece by5th century BC were the “military oligarchy of Sparta” on the one hand and the “Democratic Athens” on the other hand. Initially, Sparta had unilaterally enjoyed powerful land dominance in Greece controlling many territories in the neighborhood that were structurally linked to the land as slaves. On the other hand, Athens was the official head of the naval alliance and derived her power from her command of the sea. Athens thus created an empire which was only but “in the name”.2 Other than Athens and Sparta, Gortyn was one other major ...

One of the social institutions that play a very vital role in the Oddessy by homer is the family, the importance of the family and home are highly emphasised in this work of art, and the main character Odysseus really demonstrates the role of home and the family. The main theme in this epic novel is reunification of the family and this is illustrated by the attempts of the protagonist to return home and reunite with his wife and son. The entire novel highlights various examples of families (Stubbings 89). There are good families that prosper and there are bad ...

The Odyssey the Greek hero and his return journey after the Trojan War. Odysseus’s Voyage covers extensively the Greek world. All the way through the adventures of Odyssey, gods play an immensely significant role, with many of the gods liking him. His whole journey filled with arguments amongst gods. This story is said to be historically accurate and exceptionally significant to the ancient Greeks. Ulysses is illustrated to be a skilled warrior, athlete, masterful, articulate and courageous. In his trial to return home, he meets numerous adventures like the one-eyed Cyclops and the furious; god Poseidon who try to ...