Essays on Surfactant

In addition to the direct physical manifestation of swarm phenotype –increased length and number of flagella, swarm cells often produce wetting agent, usually a surface of some type, for instance, the surface in Serrtia (serrwettins) and Bacillus (surfcatin) (White, 2006). In both cases loss of surfactant dramatically decreases swearing proficiency in Bacillus as well as strains of E. Coli do not make surfactants, which is probably why they are such picky swimmers. Surfactants act mainly to maintain surface wetness, which in turn allows cells to swim in every shallow layer of fluid on the surface. Research findings indicate that ...

Abstract

In this experiment, benzene was treated with hydrogen in the presence of Pt/SiO2 as an example that can be applied on industrial operations to show that the most recently modernized methods of neutron total scattering that cover a wide Q-range allow the use of appropriate catalytic chemistry that can be measured on time domain to probe directly on site the hydrogenation of benzene within the catalyst pore. Based on this method, it is possible to study the rates of reaction on length scales that can provide measurements equivalent to the size of an atom or a nanometre. Furthermore, the ...

Land and sea polluted with petroleum-based synthetic and natural substances have led to the development of techniques using biological organisms for clean-up. The technique is called bioremediation. “Bio” refers to biology and “remediation” to clean-up. The types of microorganisms used are bacteria fungi and actinomycetes. Bacteria can be used for bioremediation under anaerobic or aerobic conditions. Actinomycetes are generally anaerobic and grow from spores forming filaments and branches. The applications and environment for optimum bioremediation varies depending on the pollutant and the biological organisms. Different combinations work better depending on the temperature, substrata and other environmental variables. The goal ...