Essays on Tax

Company Profile

Revered as the biggest e-commerce website around the globe, Amazon Inc. is an American multinational entity engaged in e-commerce selling and cloud computing. Founded in the year 1994 by Jeff Bezos, the company is headquartered in Seattle, Washington DC. Amazon is the biggest e-retailer in terms of revenue and market capitalization. Beginning with the modest background of selling books and Blu-Ray DVD’s, Amazon today offers more than billion products and is now operating globally with presence in 19 countries. The company is listed on NASDAQ under the ticker symbol of AMZN and is also the constituent of NASDAQ ...

Ethics & Corporate Responsibility at the workplace and the World

All companies big or small have a responsibility towards its stakeholders for ethical execution of its operations so as not to hurt their interests or trust in the company. These responsibilities exceed beyond the workplace and must focus on improving the working and living conditions of its workers and other stakeholders. This paper is an attempt towards addressing the issues in Ethics and CSR with reference to a pharmaceutical company, PharmaCare with its Head Office at New Jersey. It is reputed to produce life saving and life improving drugs and is ethically inclined towards poorer sections of society to ...

Reason for Catholic and Protestant Reformation’ Great Impact on Europe

The Catholic and Protestant Reformation represent the radical, religious, academic and traditional disturbance that traumatized Catholic Europe in the 16th Century. It set in place the notions and opinions that would describe the continent in the contemporary period. In central and northern Europe, activists like John Calvin, and Martin Luther questioned papal power and probed the Catholic Church’s capability to define Christian exercise. Although the movement was predominantly spiritual, the attitude of independence endorsed by Protestantism steered many people to rebel in contradiction of the power of the church and the authoritative monarchs, who relied on their authority ...

Chapter III

This chapter will review the background of Real Property Law in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In order to lay the foundation for comparisons in subsequent chapters, the elements of the Saudi judicial system and real property law will be reviewed. The background information pertaining to Saudi Arabia will feature the judicial court system, the property rights and real property ownership. A review of the current mortgage law in Saudi Arabia will be analyzed as well as possible reform to include the application of anti-deficiency laws.

Introduction

Saudi Arabia is governed by a monarchy. Its current legal system under the ...

The institutional affiliation

Chevron Corporation is an American publicly traded international energy corporation with a headquarters located in San Ramon, California. Chevron is considered to be one of the largest oil and gas conglomerates operating in about 180 countries all over the world (Chevron, 2015). In the year 2015, the Chevron’s revenues reached $129.92 billion, while the operating income was estimated at $158 million (Chevron, 2015). The company is divided into three technology companies, namely, Chevron Energy Technology, Chevron Technology Ventures, and Chevron Information Technology. The major technology centers are situated in Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The ...

The following is the outline we had to follow for our paper, the part in yellow is what I need you to complete for me please. The rest I have already done and the content I wrote can be found below.

1. Background (description of the problem or initial assumptions) a. List up the different aspects of the company’s background. b. Precisely identify the problem or challenge to be solved. c. Describe the initial assumptions for the elaboration of the plan. d. Presents a well-founded starting hypothesis, clearly written. 2. Company / Organization internal analysis. a. Develop a ...

Bloomberg Businessweek Assignment #1

What is Behavox and how is its software in use? Behavox is a startup company that is based in London. Adylov started the company in June 2014 (Finch & Robinson, 2017). It is acknowledged for creating a compliance surveillance software that provides the financial institutions with holistic employee surveillance solutions. According to Finch & Robinson (2017), this company promises to save money for the financial corporations, which have paid out hundred millions of dollars hiring back-office workforces, accountants, and lawyers to adhere to the rules around money laundering, capitalization, and risk. Behavox’s software catalogs computer logins, bathroom breaks, phone habits, ...

Anheuser-Busch InBev’s Takeover of SABMiller

The global beer industry, which has been growing steadily for almost a century now, is filled with variety. There are many types of beer that vary in flavor, production technique, ingredients, color, alcohol levels, and geographic origin. Also, the many brands vary greatly as well. Some brands dominate global beer markets, while other brands are very local - and everything in between. Anheuser-Busch InBev and SABMiller were two of the largest global dominating beermaker companies in existence. Together, they produced around 30% of all beer sold world-wide. The idea of Anheuser-Busch InBev and SABMiller merging was simply astonishing. When ...

Introduction

The aftermath of this phenomenon has led to increased crime in suburban areas and therefore the outcry of the communities to undertake active rather than proactive measures to reduce criminal activities. Using Centervale case study, this paper will review the impact of low police resources in balancing patrolling activities and reducing crime in urban and suburban areas. Therein will be a discussion of the strategies that should be implemented to remedy the situation.

Effect of Limited Police Resources in their Ability to Deliver Services

According to a recent study by the national institute of justice, over the last few decades, police department workloads have been on the increase, while the ...

Mike Mayo takes on Citigroup (A) and (B)

Do you agree with Mike Mayo’s concerns about the extent of Citigroup’s DTA’s? Why or why not? I agree with Mike Mayo’s concern about Citigroup’s Deferred Tax Assets (DTA’s). Citigroup’s DTA’s increased from $4.7 billion at the end of 2006 to $38 billion by the third quarter of 2009. Citigroup would use the huge DTA’s to shield future profits from taxation to a tune of $38 billion. However, the accounting rules require that a firm can only carry the DTA’s if it is reasonably probable that the firm would ...

Assignment #4: Parties and Elections

The paper will examine the party platforms from the end of the 20th century and hence the year 2000. The examination of the Republican and Democratic platforms will show the similarities and differences between the platforms represented by the running candidates Albert Gore Jr. and George W. Bush. Bush has won the 2000 presidential elections with 271 electoral votes compared to the 266 electoral votes won by Albert Gore, Jr. The first differences seen in the platforms is the length since the Democratic platform with 24.220 words is shorter as the Republican platform with 34.555 words (The American Presidency ...

Introduction

The paper compares the financial performance of Abcam and Novozymes for the FY 2015. The company (Abcam) spends a lot of cash on research and development. Therefore, it provides easy access to products, high development on the platform of e-commerce. The sales of Abcam increased significantly between FY 2015 and 2016. That is it almost made 90% of sales in other currencies such as the Japanese Yen, and Euro. The change in these foreign currencies during the recession period is favorable for the firm. Moreover, revenues of the product increased by over 15% on the reported basis during FY ...

Abstract

If you ever tried to solve an issue with finding an employee for a particular position in your company, you must know that it’s quite difficult to find a professional. Sometimes this issue is solved simply but sometimes you need a whole raw of tests and interviews to see what kind of person is sitting in front of you and if you can trust him/her with an important job. Big companies hire special managers to find proper workers. And if you have a rather small enterprise, you have to find them yourself. It’s not that easy – an ...

As a single taxpayer having a gross total income of $45,000, I fall into the 25% tax bracket. A total of $7,022 is hence, required to be payable as income tax for the year 2016 at a rate of 15.6%. The next lowest tax bracket is the 15% bracket that includes income from $9,276 to $37,650. My gross total income is hence, $7,350 away from the 15% tax bracket. A standard deduction of $6,300 is available for single filers that can reduce my gross total income to $38,700. Alternatively, itemized deductions are ...

Introduction

This paper is an analysis of Apple’s Corporate Social responsibility and Stakeholder relations process. It will analyze the environment within which Apple discharges these activities and how it is affected by the actions of Apple in recent times. This will begin by examining the nature of Apple’s business and operations. This will culminate in the evaluation of Apple’s external environment and stakeholders. From there, the corporate social responsibility concerns of the company will be evaluated.

Nature, Structure and Products of Apple

Apple is an international technology company that has its headquarters in California. It is a major technological company in the world ...

Newspaper Articles on Policy Issues

Immigration Eid, T. A. (2017, January 14). Trump poised to reform America's failed immigration policies. Retrieved January 27, 2017, from http://www.denverpost.com/2017/01/14/trump-poised-to-reform-americas-failed-immigration-policies/

Abortion

McGinley, L., & Goldstein, A. (2017, January 23). Trump reverses abortion-related U.S. policy, bans funding to international health groups - The Washington Post. Retrieved January 27, 2017, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2017/01/23/trump-reverses-abortion-related-policy-to-ban-funding-to-international-health-groups/

Tax

Shear, M., Appelbaum, B., & Rappeport, A. (2017, January 26). White House Sows Confusion About Plan for a 20% Import Tax - The New York Times. Retrieved January 27, 2017, from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/26/us/politics/mexico-wall-tax-trump.html

Federal legislation

Newly Signed Federal Law One of the bills that was recently passed by the House and the Senate and ...

If Chick-Fill-A was a sole proprietorship it would be owned by and individual. The name would be a fictitious name registered with the government. The setup of the company would have been easy and would require little paperwork. As a sole proprietor, the business would have most likely not grown to the empire that it is currently. If it were a sole proprietorship, Chick-Fill-A would have experienced difficulty in raising capital. The initial funding would have come from the owner but raising additional capital for expansion would be difficult as the business cannot issue stocks or generate money in ...

Q. 1. A. To calculate nominal, real, and GDP deflator, the following equations were used. Nominal (NGDP = Quantity (year) X Price (year), while real GDP) can be expressed as (RGDP = Nominal / Deflator), and GDP deflator can be expressed as (GDPD = Nominal / Real GDP X 100%). Therefore; (See Table 1.) B. For multiple items, calculating CPI requires a weighed average of the commodity price. In this sense, the prices of listed items were calculated as (Average = Bread price +TV Sets + etc. / 5) for each year. After which, the CPI was calculated using the equation (CPI of Multi ...

Question 1

The deficit can be best reduced by a combination of spending cuts and raising taxes. However, spending cuts are more effective in reducing the deficit. Raising taxes should be as limited as possible to avoid undesirable economic consequences (Mankiw, 2015). Raising income tax adversely affects the living standards of the citizens. Besides, an increase in corporate taxes may lead to higher prices of goods and services, a reduction in employment and some companies shifting their production and other activities to countries with favorable tax policies. Reducing government spending is key to ensuring a balanced budget as well as reducing ...

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Accounting Standard Setting under the Australian Conceptual Framework and Application in Business Practices

Introduction A conceptual framework establishes the concepts and provides the guidelines that underlie financial reporting. As a coherent system of notions that flow from an objective, which in turn serve to identify the purpose of financial reporting, a conceptual framework also provides guidance on the identification of the boundaries of financial reporting. Its concepts further provide guidance on the selection of transactions, related events, and circumstances to be presented, and how such elements should be summarized and ultimately reported (Financial Accounting Standards Board [FASB], 2008). One such conceptual ...

Amy Cornell in the excerpt titled Fiscal Independence and the College Experience makes strong persuasive arguments regarding the eminent discrepancies in law in relation to the definition of financial independence and goes ahead to describe her struggles in college to make ends meet. She narrates her ordeal from early childhood, having to put up with financial struggles given her mother was an elementary school teacher and his dad an electrician running a mini-shop in the neighborhood. From the onset, she knew that her parents could not support her through college and she had to maneuver through the odds to ...

Background

Successful modern business marketing lays emphasis on meeting the needs of the customers. This focus is a departure in the opposite direction from the traditional business whose major concern was selling its products or services. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is one way of meeting not only the direct customers’ desires but also the needs and expectations of all the stakeholders of a business (Ortenblad 2016). Unethical profiteering practices of large companies and customer awareness due to free flow of information have forced many companies to make CSR a key strategic focus in their conduct of business. Besides enabling a ...

Introduction

This report is a critical analysis of an ethical dilemma in the workplace. It will include the evaluation of the facts of the case in order to establish the fundamental issues and matters at stake. From there, a review of the fundamental theories of the situation will be conducted. This will culminate in the identification of the different approaches and views. Afterward, there will be the application of the theories to the facts of the case in order to conclude with recommendations on how to deal with the issues at hand. This will include the review of important theories ...

Significant Areas Addressed by Management

Cedar addresses the compliance of the guidelines of Government Accounting Standards Board in the city accounting reports. Compliance to (GASB) regulations through the provision of an overview of its financial performance for the fiscal year Accounting Policies Utilized by the City The policies include Analysis of financial statements The policies of liabilities, assets, deposits and investments (Rodenbeck, 2013) Statistical Section The statistical section will cover the computational outcomes of the management decisions. For example Depreciation of capital assets over the respective annual ranges The effects of deposits and investments Determining the values of the net assets, and its liabilities ...

Business-Government Trade Relations

Introduction Since the question that needs to be resolved by examining real-world examples involves understanding whether government intervention in international business trade is harmful or helpful in businesses, picking Micromac Techno Valley Ltd. was a simple choice. The company works in the area of software and website development and that caters to the financial or banking industry in particular. Some of the products that they have designed so far are eDeal, DigiDoc, eDoc and PBMS and which cater to the banking industry in Bangladesh. Apart from this, they also design websites for a number of small businesses while also ...

as Environment Policy

Effectiveness of Carbon Tax as Environment Policy

Climate change has emerged as a global challenge because unrestrained rising of global temperature would cause melting of glaciers and rise of sea level that would submerge land masses, change weather patterns with frequent incidence of hurricanes and floods and droughts. As an effective response to the challenge, global leaders have agreed to cut back emission of Green House Gases (GTG) to contain the global rise in temperature below 2 degree Celsius (Symon, 2013). Carbon dioxide, a major constituent of GTG, is released to the atmosphere on combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and ...

What are the determinants of the Deadweight Loss?

Introduction The deadweight problem happens when the government through an attempt to increase their earnings from the goods in a country increases the taxation on them. It happens when they impose a certain amount of tax on certain commodities in the market and the end consumer as well as the producer in charge of the production process forced to lose the whole or part of their surplus. The loss they both suffer is the deadweight loss. The government has the right to earn some form of income from the trade activities within their borders. However, they also need to ...

(Insert address)

Owen Wilson,

Director-Wilson Enterprise, P.O BOX-4050-99-30, Washington DC. Dear Sir, RE: SALE OF PART OF YOUR HAY FIELD TO YOUR BROTHER LUKE. I am writing to you this letter to bring to your attention the existing rules of the land (US LAWS) that governs the intended sale of your property to your brother Luke. Under section 1031, of the property exchange laws, like-kind exchange method is described. In this section, like-kind exchange is the process of deferring your tax payment when you sell your property, so long as you meet the IRS conditions. The conditions are as stated below. ...

The term ‘macro-environment’ refers to the set of forces that influence the functioning of all the businesses at the market (Dibb and Simkin, 2008, p.26). In political terms, the fragrance market is likely to be impacted by the major trends in international relations (e.g., the conclusion of international agreements, openings and closings of markets). Similar, given the fact that the Middle Eastern producers of fragrances tend to export them to the markets of other countries, the state of the economic relations between the Middle Eastern countries and the rest of the world is highly important for exporters. Moreover, the ...

Court allows Wife to consider inherited farm inputs as part of the expenditure of carrying out farming business even when the deceased husband had deducted the same expenditure. The court held that the petitioner could deduct the cost of all the farm inputs from the 2011 farm income. This is despite the husband tax returns indicating the same cost were deducted in calculating the tax payable in 2010. Thus, the court held that commissioner of internal revenue was wrong to disallow the petitioner from deducting the expense.

Facts

Steve Backemeyer used to carry out farming business while his wife Julie ...

Summary

The principal intention of the article is to find out the effect of state corporate income tax rate cuts on job creation. The author's conducted an experiment trying to establish whether decreasing the amounts of corporate tax helped to spur economic growth which in turn resulted in the creation of employment. The authors of the article analyzed jobs created in economies where the corporate tax was reduced and economies where the taxes remained the same. The main conclusion was that reducing the amount of corporate tax paid enabled firms to hire more workers, which in turn resulted in more ...

Police officers are responsible for keeping peace in the country. They apprehend and pursue individual who breaks the law, solve issues of the community, enforce traffic law, arrest suspected criminal, investigate crimes and respond to emergencies. They are usually assigned to patrol particular areas to be familiar when inspecting suspicious circumstances. Training is significant before one becomes a police officer as it will expose him or her to a new situation to handle challenging tasks during the career life. I think the best education level of the police should be college degree level. The college degree level is ideal ...

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) affects employment-based insurance in various ways as it influences employer decisions about health benefits. Although companies will continue to uphold the ACA Act, many employees will end up paying most of the insurance costs since companies will make changes that suit them. For instance, many employers claim to have made changes in 2015 in anticipation of the high-cost plan tax. In this regard, companies will increase deductibles, do away with covered services, eliminate tax-preferred savings accounts such as Health Savings Accounts, cancel all higher-cost health insurance options, and use cheap provider networks (Nordal, 2012). ...

Now the most advanced integration Union is the European Union, the main forerunner of which European economic community was created in 1957 by the Task that stands today in the EU during the agenda - formation and strengthening of economic, monetary and political Union of member countries. Integration in the EU affects almost all aspects of relations between member States of the European Union - politics, Economics, social and cultural sphere. The relevance of the study due to the importance and special role of tax harmonization in the framework of deepening European economic integration, the development of the unified ...

Introduction

This report outlines the performance of Tesco PLC as a multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer as compared to other rival players in the industry. Close attention is paid to the selected ratios to show the financial stability of the company about rivals. The ratios show profitability, gearing, and liquidity of the company. The company takes the largest market share in the UK. Initially, it was dealing with grocery but later diversified into other sectors such as banking, clothing, and among others. Therefore, the annual financial report of the company provides vital information for investors.

Company history

Tesco PLC was founded ...

Austerity Policy Measures in the UK

Introduction The process of putting into place strategic measures with an aim of reducing of deficit and increasing economic growth in the United Kingdom has taken a paradigm shift from various aspects. The government of UK has put deficit reduction measures, which entail a series of strategically sustained reductions in public expenditure, undertaken towards a reduction of the government budget deficit and the UK’s welfare state. The design of this research paper is structured towards assessing the rationale on which the UK’s austerity policy is based with regards to deficit reduction and stimulation of economic growth (Burns, ...

THE IMPACT OF THE CHANGE OF TAX YEAR ON THE CORPORATION’S APPLICATION FOR A CASH GRANT ON THE INVESTMENT MADE IN QUALIFYING THERAPEUTIC DISCOVERY

In the Silver Medical, Inc. V. Commissioner of Internal Revenue (2016), the respondent, the commissioner of internal revenue, determined a deficiency in the Silver Medical, Inc.’s Federal income tax amounting to 41,032 US dollars for the fiscal year ending on 30th November, 2011 along with an accuracy related fine amounting to 8,206 US dollars (Leagle, Inc., 2016). The case was filed on 19th December 2016. The United States Tax Court held ...

First Entry: My name is John Claude a thirty five years old male working as a Parish Priest of the First Estate. I have not married and I am not expected to marry because as a career priest I have vowed to abstain. We as the members of the First Estate believe that the Third Estate need to be taxed because they do not have power, they are in the lowest rank of the social scale and they consume significant resources. However, we cannot be taxed because people look at us for religious growth and education and we heavily ...

Business Management and Entrepreneurship

Introduction Business management or being an entrepreneur is one of the interesting jobs but also challenging. Entrepreneurs or business managers face various challenges as they manage their business. Some of the challenges can include coming up with products/services that attract customers, executing different business objectives, recruiting and retention of the right employees and also maintaining a wide range of business laws and regulations. In most cases, entrepreneurs that are most successful in managing their lines of business have a conceptual knowledge in managing business functions. Therefore, it is important for an entrepreneur or business managers to take business management ...

HMRC (Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs) is a highly complex and large public service organization that resulted from the merger of HM Customs & Excise and Inland Revenue office in 2005. The British government depends on the HMRC organization to find several of their policies and wanted to implement lean to their taxation system. The revenue raised by the organization is in the form of taxation and it is used for funding the welfare state, armed services, healthcare, and other government spending areas (Beech & MacIntosh, 2012, p. 255). The new Department’s goal was to balance its three main ...

Business Requirements in India

Business Requirements in India

Titus (2007) revealed that the government laws and regulations of India are still being developed especially with regards to foreign investments. This is due to the fact that lobbying activities are normally being done through well connected individuals to influence business transactions (Titus, 2007). The outcome is the higher number of scams with regards to “lobbying” and the resulting effect is that the Indian legislators are perceived to be highly corrupt. The Indian law with regards to corruption is only seen in the Prevention of Corruption Act in 1988 and is perceived to be highly ...

The Autumn Statement is a traditional statement made by the government that serves as a financial report. It is the second made every year, with the first being the Spring Budget. It is given by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who provides MPs with information about the United Kingdom’s taxation and spending (BBC, 2016). Traditionally, the Budget dealt primarily with taxation while the Statement focuses more on department allocation. The information and data used is compiled by the Office of Budget Responsibility, which publishes its information as soon as the chancellor finishes his/her speech. Last year’s Autumn ...

CHAPTER FOUR

Introduction This study will mainly focus on the ways that can be proposed so as to make the medical care provision of Russia be improved. The results that will be achieved from this research work will immensely contribute to the improved and much efficient health care provision in Russia.

Findings

Notably, the research methodology employed a mixture of both qualitative and quantitative analysis. We shall therefore look at the various prospects of Russian healthcare business in the global international healthcare market. Some of the most visible prospects and fragments that are the backbone of the healthcare sector include demographic issues, ...

Introduction

This is an individual business research report that focuses on the Philip Morris International Corporation (PMI). This paper will critically analyze the corporate elements of the company and evaluate the various strategies employed by Philip Morris (PMI). The critical analysis will culminate in the identification of gaps that would be utilized in drawing a set of recommendations for the company.

Corporate History and Background

PMI is an American company listed on the New York Stock Exchange. It is known for producing and marketing cigarettes and tobacco around the world. PMI is a conglomerate of four major cigarette and tobacco companies including Sampoerna, PMFTC ...

Introduction

An organization is regarded as an entity that is made up of people with a collective objective and is connected to the external environment. Hence, a business organization is a group of people collaborating to achieve a commercial objective (Handy, 2005). Toyota Motor Corporation is a Japan based auto manufacturing company with its headquarters in Toyota, Aichi. The company was ranked as the 13th largest in the world in terms of their revenue. It was the largest automotive manufacturer in 2010 ahead of the Volkswagen group and the general motors in terms of their production. The Toyota motor company ...

Introduction

People always say to themselves that the time has not yet come to save and enjoy life it is necessary at the moment. Having reached retirement age they understand that they were too careless. One of the main reasons for careless attitude to the pension savings is debt. A large number of Americans with great difficulty paying residential mortgages repay payments on credit cards. Some people in the US have at least one of these three types of debt retirement. Today, tens of thousands of Americans living in the country, whose age has long passed for 90 years and ...

Business: Cookies shop

Trade Format: countertop type store; Store Location: Boulevard mall; Property Type: Rental space of 50m2; Working hours: 9 AM – 7 PM; Sources of financing: own funds – 26,300 USD. Key performance indicators candy store: Monthly Profit in six months = 83,000 USD; Net profit margin = 3872%; Payback = first 10 days.

Specificity of the business

Various pastry shops are quite lucrative, since vast majority of people like treating themselves with sweet pastries and cakes. The specificity of such products involves only the development of the store on the local market, which determines its marketing strategy. Most pastry shops produce sweet products themselves, which leads ...

There is not a single best way to reduce the deficit in the country by 60% in the next 8 years. The short as well as long-term consequences of spending cuts and tax increases must be considered. The possible way is however the combination of both. With cutting the spending and increasing the taxes the reduction of economic growth can be seen. However, the economic deficit must be reduced because of the current increasing interest costs and spending among others on Social Security, and health insurance and it is estimated to grow to about 100% by the year 2035 ( ...

PART 1

Some of the Congressional powers are the power to tax, the power to regulate commerce and the power to regulate immigration. For 150 years, the limits of the tax power was in issue (Sky 2008), but finally US v. Butler, 297 US 1 (1936) held that it is broad and limited only by the requirement of general welfare. If not reposed in Congress, the federal government cannot raise funds for social services. Life will not be fair because poorer states will have poorer services compared to richer states. The power to regulate commerce was initially vague because ‘commerce’ is ...

The Federal government has limited options to address economic issues. These are generally described as “Fiscal policy” and “Monetary Policy.” In the most general terms, fiscal policy involves government tax and spend programs. The underlying theory is that tax cuts increase consumers spending ability by leaving consumers with more money and government spending provides a more direct stimulus by injecting money into the economy. Fiscal policy is generally identified under the popular “Keynesian Economics” label. Monetary policy, on the other hand, involves the central bank (the Federal Reserve Bank system, or “the Fed”) “adjusting” the money supply through interest ...

Supply chains and the logistics associated with the same are something that all companies have to deal with at some level. This is true, of course, of manufacturing and product-based businesses. However, it is also true when it comes to businesses that supply services. Even if there is a marked difference between the two business types when it comes to supply chains, it is important to note that both supply chain frameworks and types must be taken seriously. The important aspects that exist within both frameworks would include the overall design of the applicable supply chain, how decisions are ...

In the corporate form of business, the corporation is a referred to as a different entity to the shareholders. The main advantage of the corporate form of business is the reduced liability. In this case, the shareholders of the business organization are not considered as liable to any contracts of the corporation. They could not be sued personally for the negligence and debts of the business organization although they could lose their stocks or their investment within the corporation. Corporations could also have proper long-term plans which are separate from the plans of the shareholders. Since the corporation is ...

There are many sorts of crimes that are plagues on societies around the world. However, some are more prominent than others. Indeed, there is rape, murder and drugs. The latter, along with two crime types that often accompany drug use or dealing on more than one level, shall be the focus of this brief report. Specifically, there will be a review of peer-reviewed journal articles that pertain to illegal drug use, prostitution and money laundering. The first two often feed to the other in that the money garnered from the illegal activities has to be “cleaned” so as to ...

Government Actions in Markets

Figure 1 As a result of increasing the passenger movement tax on airlines, the equilibrium price P2 moves to new point P1. (P1>P2) The new quantity of flights is Q1. Therefore demand decreases, Q1 <Q2. Because of the increased prices some consumers denies to purchase tickets choosing other flight companies or using alternative ways of transportation. A tax that is imposed on sellers in fact creates a burden on consumers as well because of the fact that consumers will be forced to pay higher prices. It is clearly shows on the Figure1 that the revenue from sellers ...

Benefits and drawbacks of VAT

As a taxing system, VAT has been used globally since the 1950’s and it presents unique benefits and drawbacks in itself. First, VAT is beneficial in generating income for governments which is important to cover government expenses as Stiglitz and Rosengard, (2015) observe. Since VAT is vast and is imposed to most produced goods and services, most governments regard it as money production engine. Through this taxation system also, tax evasion is minimized. Consequentially, a reliable income source is achieved by governments. Through value added tax system, it is also possible to enter into regional protocols (Pomeranz, 2015). ...

I hereby certify that this material, which I now submit for assessment as a continuous assessment project in Heat and Mass Transfer on the course 4th year in BEng (Hons) Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, is entirely my own work and has not been submitted in whole or in part for assessment for any academic purpose other than in fulfilment for that stated above.

Abstract

Energy is a depleting resource, making it crucial for people to be knowledgeable in implementing conservation measures at the domestic dwelling level. Scientific advances had made effective energy conservation technology increasingly more accessible due to innovative ...

About the paper

The paper discusses the use of funds in government accounting and will delineate how the fund balance represents the available spending resources of the entity. In addition, we will also comment on the special purpose fund in government accounting.

Government Fund and Balance of Fund

With regards to government accounting, Funds refer to the independent accounting mechanism with a self balancing set of accounts. The equity account, that represent the difference between assets and liabilities, refers to the fund balance, which the government or the respective department can use for future investment or to meet working capital needs. In fact, the overall objective of fund ...

I. Introduction A corporation is a common type of business organization in which its owners have the ability to use it as a separate, and distinct legal entity. One of the primary differences between a corporation and other types of business organizations, such as a sole proprietorship or general partnership, is that a duly formed corporation is, legally a person. Moreover, under the law, a corporation is a legal person who the owners, in essence, can control and direct to carry out a range of activities. To be sure, corporations are deemed to have a personality or personhood, including ...

Slavery has widely been held as the primary reason for secession in the South. However, according to a poll conducted by the Pew Research Center in 2011 found that most Americans were divided on the matter. 48% of the Americans interviewed were of the opinion that “states’ rights” was the leading cause, 38% held slavery was the primary reason while the remainder was either not sure or thought both were contributory factors (Pierce par. 2). From the poll we can infer that secession was as a result of numerous factors. This inference is supported by the Declarations of Causes, ...

The tax system is a crucial sector in the economy of a country because it will regulate the extent to which individuals and companies should pay taxes on the profits realized from any returns. Tax efficiency is the effort of the government through the taxation body to minimize tax liability hence, in the end, will translate into a better form of taxation. On the other hand, the equity of a tax system is the phenomenon of a taxing body to try to make it equitable for all people to pay a certain amount of money that will go into ...