Essays on Tonic

INTRODUCTION

There are so many different diseases, disorders, ailments and syndromes that can affect human beings in ways that can impact the quantity or quality of life of those who suffer from them. Biological Psychology is a specific discipline that focuses upon the behaviors of human beings and other animals based on the study of their physiology, genetics and mechanisms of development. One of the many different afflictions that Biological Psychologists are interested in is Tourette Syndrome, also called Tourette Disorder, Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome or simply TS or GTS; it was first discovered by Georges Albest Edouard Brutus ...

Question 1: Uses the correct term for chronically recurring seizures.

Answer: Epilepsy Question 2: Determines if the patient in the scenario has epilepsy. Answer: J.G. does not have epilepsy. She has only had three previous cases of seizures prior to which she had not experienced any seizures. The current cases were triggered by the cesarean section thus too early to refer to the condition as epilepsy (Ko, 2016).

Question 3: Identifies possible conditions, besides brain injury, that contributes to the lowered seizure threshold for the patient in the scenario.

Answer: Apart from brain injury, lowered seizure threshold can occur as a result of infectious illnesses such as AIDS, meningitis as well as developmental disorders such as neurofibromatosis and autism (Ko, 2016).

Question 4: Describes the pathophysiology of a seizure.

The brain and the nervous systems functions within a ...

Introduction

Quinine is a basic organic amine which is found in the bark of cinchona tree. It has a long history of relationship with humanity. The extracts from the bark containing quinine were used to treat malaria from the 17th century but as a pure chemical substance, it was isolated from the bark only in 1820 (Achan et al. 144). Its chemical formula is C20H24N2O2, according to IUPAC its systematic name is (R)-(6-Methoxyquinolin-4-yl)((2S,4S,8R)-8-vinylquinuclidin-2-yl)methanol. Its structure is shown in Fig. 1. Quinine is used for a variety of purposes. It is still used for ...

Patient and Study Identification

The patient is a 10-year-old boy sent by the referring specialist neurologist, whom the patient visited after his mother had found him experiencing seizure twice during the past month. The patient was first diagnosed with absence epilepsy when he was 5 years of age, and has not experienced seizures since he was 8 years of age. The purpose of this electroencephalography (EEG) study is to identify the type of epilepsy in this case so that the patient can receive the correct treatment.

History

The patient had a normal birth and experienced healthy development until the age of 5, when his ...