Essays on Traffic Congestion

Suburbanization entails the shift of the human population from the urban centers to the suburban regions leading to a phenomenon known as the urban sprawl. Many Americans now opt to reside in satellite communities otherwise known as suburbs commuting to and fro their workplaces using automobiles. The NPR report provides a vivid example of a family that left the city to live in the suburbs to avoid the rising costs of accommodation. Although it appears as if the move by the household and millions of other American families is a wise choice financially, it has serious implications on the ...

Introduction

Urban sprawl has turned out to be a controversial issue in recent times due to the rate at which green spaces are disappearing in most of the cities, especially in the United States. Nnaemeka-Okeke (2016) describes urban sprawl as the expansion of a community devoid of concern for the environmental impact. In other words, urban sprawl is the uncontrolled expansion of the metropolitan areas. This phenomenon primarily results in the extinction of green spaces and a variety of environmental consequences. Banai and DePriest (2014) maintain that urban sprawl is considered a cause of the climate change, with environmental effects ...

Introduction

Urban sprawl has turned out to be a controversial issue in recent times due to the rate at which green spaces are disappearing in most of the cities, especially in the United States. Nnaemeka-Okeke (2016) describes this phenomenon as the expansion of a community devoid of concern for the environmental impact. In other words, urban sprawl is the uncontrolled expansion of the metropolitan areas. This phenomenon primarily results in the extinction of green spaces and a variety of environmental consequences. Banai and DePriest (2010) maintain that urban sprawl is considered a cause of the climate change, with environmental effects ...

Step 1:

This efficiency analysis will examine the efficiency of widen an intercity highway in Los Angeles from four lanes to six lanes with the intention of reducing traffic congestion. Already the existing highway has four lanes. However, due to congestion, the project team proposed the idea to widen the highway to accommodate six lanes.

Step 2:

In this case, the main purpose of the economic efficiency analysis is to determine whether the project is viable for its entire lifetime. Any major infrastructure works within a city are very expensive. In addition, infrastructure projects have a life expectancy and they are expected to ...

1.0. Introduction Salik Tool System has installed two toll gates on Al Maktoum Bridge and Sheikh Zayed Road. According to a general perception, it has helped in easing the traffic congestion in the city due to its automated and quick process of scanning and receiving payments. However, the underlying system also has its critics with objections and reservations on its side-effects. The proposed research will investigate the advantages and disadvantageous of this development by RTA with an intention to reach an ultimate result. This paper describes and explains certain considerations relating to the methodology devised for the research project. ...

Abstract

A dual carriageway is proposed to be constructed in the town moving in the east-west direction. The dual carriage is intended to be eight-kilometer long looping around the northern part of the town. Cut and fill techniques are used where half of the road is cut to a maximum of six meters. Half of the road is supported by an embankment of six meters high. At the eastern and western ends of the road are of grade where the road joins other roads and at the middle where the cut sections meet the filled sections. The road has a ...

Transport is crucial for economic development of a country. Public bus transport is one of the most effective means of transport that has been in use for quite a number of years (Finn & Mulley, 2011). In ancient time, people would use animals as their main source of transport. Others would walk carrying their goods for very long distances. These ancient modes of transport were very slow prompting humans to invent faster means of transport. It is with the advent of the wheel that transport revolutionized into what it has grown to in the modern era. Road networks like the ...

Abstract

United Arab Emirates citizens use various forms of transport. Bus transportation is considered as a form of transportation that can be used for the benefits of the residents. This form of transportation is massive plying 32 routes and transporting over 30 million individuals per day. There are 5 zones in Dubai with each zone having its own bus fare with a carrying capacity of 31 individuals. The advantages of the bus system are that there are cost savings made in terms of energy, money and time. The rapid growth of population in Dubai has led to massive congestion, which ...

The tragedy of the commons is a theory in which some individuals act according to their own self-interest and against the common good (Friedl, 2016). These people try to get the most out of a resource without worrying about depleting it and, as a result, other people end up suffering from such activity. A good example of the tragedy of the commons is the inappropriate usage of air in our atmosphere that ends up to global warming. No country or individual group can claim ownership of this crucial resource. However, through industrialization, developed countries have released poisonous gas to ...

The tragedy of the commons is a problem where some individuals act according to their own self interest and against the common good (Friedl, 2016). These people try to get the most out of a resource without worrying about depleting it. As a result, other people end up suffering from such an activity. A good example of the tragedy of the commons is environmental pollution. The world is full of people who pollute the environment as they try to reap their own individual benefits. The long run effect is that the entire world suffers from the pollution. Global warming ...

When roads are full of cars and buses and trucks, we get traffic congestion which is a serious issue that every country has to face. The congestion of traffic defies the smooth movement of vehicles in suburban areas and prevents a smooth flow of vehicles. In urban areas with a high growth rate traffic causes problems in their daily life. The problem of congestion cannot be easily fixed by just applying physical constructions such as bridges, motorways and the widening or improvement of existing roads. There is a requirement to create some new form of technology to assist transportation ...

LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction Bicycling is one of the most sustainable modes of transport and plays an important role in the transport system. Cycling has a number of benefits that include improving the quality of life, reduction of traffic congestion in cities, positive health outcomes due to the exercises involved, providing a suitable form of transport for short distances and environmental conservation among many other benefits. A number of cities have adopted bicycle master plans as they try to capitalize on the cycling opportunity (Litman et al., 2005). This has meant that bicycle ways are being created and existing roads are being ...

Convergence of Transportation Congestion and Security at U.S. seaports

Introduction

The convergence of transport congestion and security at U.S sea ports is quite alarming. Prevalent transport congestion tends to restrain operations at the marine depots. The shipping companies are forced to interrupt the regular loading and offloading of cargo vessels for either night or weekend shifts. Occasional traffic congestion block the berths and the inbound ships find themselves stacked up leading to a delay of transportation of cargo loads. U.S sea ports security has been viewed as an important subject by the U.S homeland security. The Bureau of Customs and ...

PROBLEM WITH CONGESTION

In many cities across the world, the problem of traffic congestion is the major issue that affects the administration and capacity to do business. As such, the city of Toronto is no exception when it comes to traffic congestion. Increasing number of vehicles, cause city congestion due to overstretched car parking facilities and narrow roads. In essence, the growing number of vehicles, mainly, privately owned cars in town affects management of the transport system within the city. Besides, the space available for the parking of vehicles is limited, leading to congestion on the city roads and in parking areas. ...

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<<Date of submission>>, Word count: 1996 China has experienced major economic growth and urbanization in the last few decades. Though growth is necessary to ensure socio-economic progress, it brings along its own challenges and issues like traffic congestion (Shen, 1997). This has been necessitated by the lack of infrastructure and the growth of jobs in the rural areas. Due to the mass and rapid influx of population from rural areas, city planners face many challenges. For one, the pressure ...

Purpose of the essay.

The key purpose of Carle’s essay was to address the rising trend of growth in congestion and population in already overpopulated capital cities. The author uses California as an example but the details apply to almost all towns and cities in America. The author brings along issues of environmental degradation, inflation from housing rates, poverty and overexploitation of natural resources (Maasik and Solomon, 2004). These issues bring along a risk of crime, pollution, racism, and house and traffic congestion. There is a risk of increased rates of accidents, health disorders, declined levels of lifestyle and poverty associated with these issues. ...

The article ‘How Paris is Beating Traffic Without Congestion Pricing’ was written by Ben Fried, the Streetblogs’ editor-in-chief on 22nd April 2013. The article reflects on how congestion problem has affected major cities, for instance New York. Bertrand Delanoë, an elected mayor in Paris succeeded in reducing congestion on public roads without necessarily introducing a fee for the motorists. Political views suggested that levying a fee would affect the overall income of the working population in Paris; this meant that the majority in the city would reject the idea. One of his earlier means to reduce congestion was the introduction of ...

Environmental psychology focuses on the interaction between human beings and their surroundings. The study aims at finding out what makes individuals comfortable and how settings can be adjusted to enhance quality of life and reduce stress. We all react to our environmental surroundings knowingly or unwillingly (Gifford, 2007). Traffic congestion is an ecological stressor which hampers ones movement between two or more points. Studies have shown that constant exposure to traffic congestion has effects on the mood, task performance and physiology of automobile commuters. Reports of annoyance have been recorded in individuals who commute for long hours to ...

Business Model Analysis for Beqala Egypt

Introduction Beqala Egypt is an online grocery store offering the brands of different companies. The business structure of the company is little different from the traditional structure of other online businesses. No intermediary is involved between the supplier and customer as in case of Amazon, Minbetna, and many other online shopping destinations. Beqala directly purchases the goods from original suppliers and sells it to the customers. Customers can book their orders online on the company’s official website and their orders are executed within 4 hours to 2 days of time-span. Even though it is very little time ...

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose This write up is a proposal for a research-based engineering report on Industrial Control and Traffic Sensors, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the course EGR 3550 titled Technical Communication for Engineers and Scientists. 1.2 Background The continuous surge in the level of congestion of vehicular traffic on roads is a major problem being experienced in many urban centers with high population density. In 2007, the report as provided by the traffic engineering department of Jordan estimated the total cost of congestion to be 150 million US dollars (Greater Amman Munincipality, 2007). This ...

Introduction

The British Grand Prix is an annual racing event held at the Silverstone Circuit, England and which is part of the Formula One World Championship. The event is widely renowned for being the first F1 race ever upon the introduction of the F1Championship in 1950. Governed by the International Automobile Federation (FIA) under the F1 World Championship, the British GP has had a wide range of economic, social, and cultural implications on England (BBC, 2013). This paper reflects on the history of the event as well as the contributions it has made not only to England but also to racing ...

According to Randall G. Holcombe (1997), urban sprawl has been considered a negative aspect in the development of urban centres and land use. It takes three main approaches. The first is the leapfrog development that is when developers chooses to construct residential houses some distances from the main urban centre bypassing vacant land parcels closer to the city. The leapfrog helps in making economic development in the leapfrogged land by making it more accessible to people. The second is strip development that takes place when commercial development is linear along the major highways. This tends to lead to traffic congestion ...

The use of cell phones while driving is responsible for a large number of road accidents that often result in death of many. Cell phones have particularly become very important in recent times and almost everyone has a phone. It is due to this fact that the use of cell phone has gone overboard. People have started using cell phones even in the most unconventional situations, for instance when driving. In light of this fact, several laws that ban or restrict the use of cell phones while driving have already been enacted. Restricting the use of cell phones while driving is a ...

Introduction

Traffic jams in Cairo is one of the most serious problems being experienced in the metropolitan area, and thus adversely affecting the cost of operating vehicles, personal travel-time, air quality, business operations and environment, as well as the public health.

Causes

There are several causes of congestion in the city of Cairo. First, the subsidies on fuel make diesel and gasoline to be inexpensive and as a result encouraging many private cars to be used on the road even though more investment is channeled on highways. Secondly, the cars are wrongly parked or circulating on the streets, and thus blocking the ...

. Traffic crises can cause extremely impactful environmental and economic issues for cities. Cities begin to struggle when an increasing need for transportation changes the effectiveness of existing systems. A multifaceted approach to traffic problems, utilizing both public transportation and newer models of transportation sharing can not only benefit cities, but also encourage economic growth. San Antonio is one of the cities that requires immediate action. Transportation changes are needed if San Antonio is going to continue to be able to grow and expand for both its citizens and its commerce. San Antonio is currently dealing with traffic jams ...

- What are the rough dimensions of the country in miles? China is situated in the eastern part of the Asian continent. Its area in miles is around 3,696,000 square miles). Country is surrounded by other countries i.e. Nepal, Pakistan, North Korea, Bhutan, Tajikistan, Vietnam, Russia Afghanistan, Burma, India etc. according to area China is considered third largest country in the world after Russia and Canada. - What is the population? What percentage lives in the 3 largest cities? China is considered world’s largest country according to the size of its population. In ...

Introduction

This study is confined to the limits of Los Angeles and studies the traffic in this place. City boundaries of Los Angeles area suffer from an ever-growing traffic. With the growing population and their expansion in different areas, the problem has grown in intensity. The traffic is not limited to the city boundaries. It has also spread into contagious territory where street congestion, delays in traffic and life and property hazard is as great as in the central traffic area of Los Angeles. This paper studies about the traffic problems of Los Angeles and the need for it. ...

Article Critique: Jakarta needs Metro to avoid traffic gridlock

Article Analysis The article explains the development of Indonesian public transportation infrastructure through construction of new metro rail systems. The news article also addresses the need to implement rail transit infrastructures. The limitations of alternative modes of transportation in Jakarta make the populace’s life more of a hassle, as they have to endure countless hours of being stuck in traffic. Therefore, the transportation sector must put solutions in place to avoid further worsening of traffic conditions in the streets of Jakarta. One major solution proposed is the development of metro rail systems in Jakarta. It aims to address ...

The tragedy of the commons connotes to an economic theory that involves independent actions of individuals based on self-interest. The mentioned individuals singularly deplete a common environmental resource meant for long term paramount interest of a particular group. Worth mentioning is the transport industry which has instigated a myriad debate on traffic congestion. The said congestion has distinct unpleasant impacts on the physical use of roads by vehicles in the transportation industry. Consequently, traffic congestion in the transport industry is a vital example that vividly indicates how the transport industry has continuously impacts on the environment together with the populace at large. ...

The Promotion of Mixed Income Neighborhoods in Hollywood, California

Chapter I: Introduction The facts are impossible to ignore: focusing on places, health and walkability requires increased public transit infrastructure, which creates new jobs, enlivens neighborhoods, creates local business opportunities and connects communities, both vulnerable and thriving, to vital amenities and resources. (Raphael &Espiau, 2010, par. 9) Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a neighborhood development plan focusing on easy access to major transit stops. The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) defined TOD during the 1990s when undertaking a project consisting of initiatives to promote livable communities: “Transit-oriented communities are characterized by design and development patterns that are conducive to the ...

Identification of Policy Area

Traffic congestion is when vehicles travel at speeds slower that it would be desired because there are more vehicles than a given road or road section can handle (Wigan, 1974; Cahill, 2007). Singapore was the first country to implement an urban traffic congestion-pricing scheme. The government of Singapore through the Land Transport Authority (LTA) formulates the policies to control traffic congestion in the country especially in Singapore city (Doli, 1993; Holland & Watson, 1980). The government came about the traffic control policies upon noting that the Singapore was growing at a fast rate, many people could afford cars. In early 1970s, the ...

Abstract

The UAE has undergone a continuous economic development, which has seen the standards of living rise. With the rise in standards of living, individuals have managed to purchase cars and shift from public to their personal transport arrangements. The increase in car purchases has also taken place due to the affordability associated with fuel. The affordability has enabled individuals to save on acquiring their personal means of movement within the UAE. With the said rise in living standards and affordability of fuel, the consequent increase in private transport has led to the road traffic congestion in major towns within UAE. ...

Suburban nation provides the description and elaboration of three writers who are experienced in urban planning. The three writers include Jeff Spark, Andres Duany and Elizabeth Plater who relate and explore the various reasons for the movement towards the suburbs which took place in the last 50 years. They showed that the movement towards was mainly as result of congestion and gated neighborhood. The authors of this book tried to show clearly the problems associated with the closed-in and gated neighborhoods which are isolated and locked the sidewalks and no closeness to facilities like stores. These things led to ...

Introduction 3

Significance of South California Transportation Policy 3 History 4 Objectives of California Shuttle Bus Service 4 Ownership 5 Public transport public utility 6 Population Trends 6 Transportation Policy and Committee findings 6 Transportation Permits 7 Improve traveler service and satisfaction 8 TRANSIT-ORIENTED CORRIDORS: 8 Benefits of California bus service 9 Transportation Policies and Recommendations 11 Conclusion 12

References 12

Introduction The California state is famous for its beautiful and unique for the freeways and increasing number of transportation routes and facilities. But California is facing a lot of the ...

Overview

Transportation is a very fundamental thing for the growth of economy in a country. This is because it facilitates the movement of goods from one place to another. Transport can either be through air, sea, roads or railways. It has been established that a country that has a vast network of transport has a commendable economic growth. This is because the main thing that is crucial for the economic growth one of them being the transport network is in place and well developed. Other than businesses, most of the countries owe their economic growth to the agricultural products. If a country has a well advanced transport ...

Introduction

New Urbanism is an urban planning concept which promotes walkable neighborhood design. During the early part of 20th century American urban areas started seeing a population boom as many people emigrated from other areas to stay in the cities. This necessitated the state and city council to design and develop urban areas in such a way to accommodate more population and use lands effectively. During that time automobile also came into usage. Cities planned during and after World War II were highly influenced by the revolution of automobile and were less concerned about land usage. Automobile helped design bigger cities. Before ...

In the past 50 years, civil engineering has been used to significantly change the lives of citizens living in America. This was after engineers sought to solve many issues related to dam construction, structural failures and poor sanitation and drainage in urban areas. This was at a time when urbanization was a key issue in America. The urban areas were being improved with a goal of having strong structures that could withstand threats of natural disasters and terrorist attacks. Furthermore, urban areas sought to become major cities within impeccable planning and maximum use of space. A major area of concern was traffic congestion ...

Introduction

Over the years there flying cars have remained to be an illusory desire for many people. However, with the invention of the flying car, the long wait has now become a reality. The flying cars have made what had earlier seemed as a dream or a movie thing a reality. (Milo 2009). We are soon going to be seeing cars ascending up so as to avoid the wait caused by traffic jams. In the contemporary world the use of flying cars has increasingly become a necessity due to the traffic jams which have been occasioned by the rise of human populations and consequently the ...

Introduction

Traffic! A word which has effectively been in the public domain for more than few decades in the overview that seeks to highlight the various frustrating epitomes that individuals does encounter in the diverse means of transport. Relatively the United States of America is a fast world nation, which consequently depends on the diverse means of transport in the context that tries to make it efficient to help deliver the various aspects of enhancing the economic development. The nation is served by the various wide developed road terminus which efficiently brings out the efficacies of the daily 24 hours ...

Within the last few weeks, much debate has arisen because of the announcement by the CEO of Yahoo that workers who have been telecommuting will soon have to begin working only from Yahoo physical offices instead. The debate focuses on the reasons for this change in policy, but much of the debate has raised questions about the benefits of telecommuting. One need only look at the comments section of several online articles about this change at Yahoo to see that many people who telecommute assert that they work much more productively at home, while others cling to their beliefs ...

Telephone Consumer Act (TCPA) 1991

The Telephone Consumer Protection Act passed in 1991 and implemented in 1992 by the congress. The Act is meant to protect consumers with unsolicited calls. The Act provides the options of using automated dialing equipment and prerecorded messages, issues to do with facsimile transmission and marketing using the telephones on “live” callers. Telephone subscribers need to be protected against telemarketing calls. The privacy of the consumers must be protected. The Act addresses the challenges of receiving auto dialed or prerecorded calls known as “telemarketing robocalls”. The Act requires that sellers and telemarketers should get written consent of receiving prerecorded ...

Introduction

Urban planning is a dynamic profession that deals with improving the welfare of people and their communities by creating more equitable, convenient, efficient, healthful, sustainable, and attractive places for present and future generation. Planning enables businesses, citizens, and civic leaders play a significant role in creating communities that enhance people’s lives. Effective planning has the potential of creating communities that offer better choices for how and where people live. Good planning helps communities find the right balance of essential services and new development, innovative change, and environment protection. However, planners usually come across various issues when it comes to planning. ...

Overview

The future of mobility is dictated by the changes in the current policies as well as the changing trends and challenges that relates to the transportation sector. However, existing policies addresses the concerns about the future of mobility and these policies demonstrate significant impact to that future. Debates surrounding the issue with the current policies suggests that the prevailing policies are rather bias in favor of private vehicles. These policies has immense impact to the future of mobility. Therefore, these policies needs to be reviewed to better understand the context of these policies and to have a clear view of ...

Abstract

In this consultant proposal, we wish to address the transportation efficiency problems encountered at your waste container transport company due to traffic congestion and other factors. We seek to utilize a minimal cost network flow model to form the basis for your decision-support transportation and shipping schedule system. The solution can be implemented in a very succinct five-step process, and the constraints are few.

Introduction

This consultant proposal is meant to help your transport company improve your specific issue with transport operations. A waste container transport company needs a prototype decision-support system in order to address various factors that are inhibiting efficient operation. ...

Executive Summary

According to a recent survey the city of Manchester has some of the most congested roads in the U.K. The survey found that on Fridays from 17.00-18.00 it takes an average of 56% longer on Manchester roads than driving the same distance in uncongested conditions. This was rated as the worst time and place to be on the U.K. Based on Automatic counts an average of 29,035 cars cross the Manchester regional centre inbound between 7.30 and 9.30 am and rises to 64,784 cars between 7.00 and 10.00 am. These statistics attest to the fact that road traffic ...